英语八年级上册知识讲义 重点短语（Unit 3 Families Celebrate Together Lesson16-Lesson18）冀教版

初中英语 重点短语（上册Unit 3 Families Celebrate Together）
知识梳理：
【短语学习】
1. say… to… 向……说什么
【用法】
say的基本含义是指把自己的思想或观点通过言语表达出来，使人明白其意图,即“说,讲”，着重所说的内容。
【例句】
I can’t wait to say hello to my cousins. 我迫不及待地要向我的堂兄弟们问好。
【拓展】speak, talk, say, tell的区别及用法
（1）speak 强调单方的“说”或“讲”，强调说的动作，后面常跟某种语言。
（2）talk 强调双方“交谈”，一般用作不及物动词，表示“同某人谈论(某事)”，可用 talk to / with sb. (about sth.)。
（3）say 强调说话内容，一般用作及物动词。可用 say… to sb. 表示“对某人说”。
（4）tell 表示“告诉”，可用tell sb sth. / tell sth. to sb. 表示告诉某人某事。
【考题链接】
The boy will go back home. His friends _____________ him at the airport.
A. say hello to B. say sorry to C. say goodbye to D. say hi to
答案：C
思路分析：根据句意：这个男孩要回家了，以及后半句的at the airport可知是在机场道别。say goodbye to sb. 向某人道别。
2. fit… well 非常合身
【用法】
fit的基本含义是“适合”,主要指大小、型号等适合，在句中可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语。well是副词形式，用来修饰动词fit，表示程度。fit sb. well 表示“非常适合某人”。
【例句】
The pair of shoes fits me well. It is not too big and not too small. 这双鞋我穿非常合适，既不太大也不太小。
【拓展】fit和suit 的区别
这两个词都有“适合”的意思。其区别是：
（1）fit在用于衣着、鞋帽等的“适合”时,指的是大小、形状、宽松方面; 而suit则着重指颜色、款式、色调方面的合适。例如:
That colour doesn’t suit her.那种颜色不适合她。
（2）如果衣着使某人看上去有吸引力,不能用fit,而要用suit。例如：
I love you in that dress, it really suits you.我很喜欢你穿的这件衣服,它使你看上去很有吸引力。
【考题链接】
Jack’s mother bought him a coat. It fits_______ very well.
A. he B.his C. him D. she
答案：C
思路分析：fit为动词，后接宾格形式。
3. turn off关掉
【用法】
turn off表示关(水源、 煤气、 电灯等) / 避开(问题等) ，后接名词时可放在中间，也可放在后面。用作代词时常放在中间。
【例句】
Your mother is listening to the radio.Are you sure you want to turn it off? 你妈妈正在听收音机。你确定要将它关掉吗?
【拓展】
turn down意为“（把收音机的音量、灯等）关小、调低”，其反义词组为turn up。
【考题链接】
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to ____________.
A. turn it off B. turn it on
C. turn it up D. turn it down
答案：A
思路分析：根据句意“办公室的灯仍然亮着”可知“他”忘记关了，turn... off 关掉。
【即学即练】
1. I forget to _____________ them when the children open the door for me.
A. say hello to B. say sorry to
C. say goodbye to D. say thank you to
2. That colour ____________ me . Do you have any colours?
A. doesn’t suit B. doesn’t fit C. suits D. fits
3. The radio isn’t loud enough, could you ______________?　
A. turn it off B. turn it on
C. turn it up D. turn it down
答案：1. D 解析：被别人帮助了应该表示感谢，所以say thank you to 最符合题意。
2. A 解析：suit着重指颜色、款式、色调方面的合适。根据句意：你们还有别的颜色吗？可知前一句表否定意义。
3. C 解析：根据前半句句意：收音机的声音不够大，可知后半句句意为：你可以调大一点儿吗？turn ... up 调大。
同步练习：
（答题时间：15分钟）
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. Tom will go to Japan tomorrow. Many students go to ________________ him.
A. say hi to B. say hello to
C. say good bye to D. say sorry to
2. I put the books _____ the top of the shelf.
A. in B. on C. at D. under
3. I like the style. It is ____________ in many countries now.
A. in my fashion B. in fashion
C. in this fashion D. out of fashion
4. That coat ________. I will take it.
A. doesn’t fit me well B. fits me well
C. fit me well D. fits well me
5. The radio is too loud, could you __________?　
A. turn it off B. turn it on C. turn it up D. turn it down
Ⅱ. 完形填空
There were no classes that afternoon, so Li Ming went to a __1__ shop near his home. The shop sold many jackets. He looked __2__ them and at last he chose a very nice one. He __3__ it on and it fit him very well. So he told the shopkeeper to put it into a __4__.
At that time his friend Danny came into the shop. They hadn’t seen each other for a long time. They were so __5__ to meet again that they forgot __6__ else. Soon they were busy talking on and on happily.
It was nearly six o’clock, __7__ they decided to go and have dinner together. Li Ming picked up the bag, and walked __8__ the door of the shop. The shopkeeper stopped them and asked him to pay for the __9__. Li Ming looked at him in surprise at first, but soon he remembered that he hadn’t paid for it. He said __10__ to the shopkeeper and gave him the money .Then he left the shop with his friend.
( )1. A. fruit B. book C. food D. clothing
( )2. A. up B. for C. after D. at
( )3. A. put B. tried C. got D. turned
( )4. A. bag B. cup C. car D. pocket
( )5. A. worried B. interested C. pleased D. anxious
( )6. A. nobody B. anybody C. something D. everything
( )7. A. though B. so C. because D. but
( ) 8. A. towards B. through C. out of D. round
( )9. A. dinner B. bag C. jacket D. ticket
( )10. A. goodbye B. yes C. hello D. sorry
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. C 解析：本题考查情景交际，根据句意：汤姆明天要去日本了。可知许多学生去和他道别，故选C。
2. B 解析：本题考查固定搭配，on the top of 在……的上面/顶部。
3. B 解析：根据句意“我喜欢这个款式，它现在在许多国家很流行”可知in fashion流行，时尚。
4. B 解析：根据句意“我买它”，可知这件外套适合“我”。fit ... well, coat 第三人称单数, 用fits。
5. D 解析：根据前半句句意“收音机的声音太大了”，可知后半句句意为：你可以调小一点儿吗？turn ... down 调小。
Ⅱ. 1. D 解析：本题为语境理解题。由下文：The shop sold many jackets.可知选D。
2. D 解析：本题为词义辨析题, look after,照看/照顾，look up 向上看/查找（在词典中查单词）,look for 寻找 （表过程）, look at 看……(注视某人或某物)，此处强调买衣服的过程。
3. B 解析：本题为固定搭配题，try后面与on搭配，表示试穿。
4. A 解析：本题为语境理解题，根据句意可知“把衣服放进袋子里”。
5. C 解析：本题为语境理解题，根据Soon they were busy talking on and on happily. 可知选C。
6. D 解析：本题为语境理解题，根据上、下句可知选D。
7. B 解析：本题为词义辨析题，It was nearly six o’clock 是他们决定去吃饭的原因。　
8. A 解析：本题为语境理解题,由下文The shopkeeper stopped them可推测他们是向门口走去，但还没出去。
9. C 解析：本题为语境理解题,根据上文可知他买了夹克衫。pay for，为……付款。
10. D 解析：本题为语境理解题,根据上文soon he remember that he hadn’t paid for it.可知他表示歉意。