非谓语动词
图片预览
文档简介
非谓语动词
句子的成分主语，定语，宾语，状语及表语都可用非谓语的形式表达
非谓语动词的结构与特点如下：
非谓语动词 结构 语法功能 注意
主动语态 被动语态
不定式 to do(动作将来或具体动作 在句子中作主语（a），宾语，表语（b），定语（c），宾补，状语（d，表将来时） Vt.+sb.+do（不带to的不定式）eg.feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,obsene,see,Watch,have,let,makeV.+to do（带to的不定式）eg.afford,agree,decide,wish,hope,promise,ask,expect,refuse,offer
牛津英语高二下册，见整理大纸（plan,pretend,de-sire)
动词+ing形式（现在分词） 一般式doing（主动，正在进行）强调过程 在句子中作定语（a），表语(b)，宾补(c)及状语(d) 强调动作同时发生
在句中作状语（e）（原因，时间） 强调动作先后发生
动词+ed形式（过去分词） done（强调被动，完成或两者同时强调） 在句中作定语（a），表语(b)，状语(c)及宾语补主语(d)
① doing 在句中作主语（Ⅰ）宾语（Ⅱ） vt.+doingadmit,avoid,finish,appreciate,consider,mind,miss,practise,risk,escape,enjoy,imagine,delay,suggest,understand,excuse,can't help,be worth,ban,It's no use/good/useless,fell like,advise,allow,permit(可加doing也可加sb to do),recommend,forbid，advise doing/sb to do
②need,require,want,deserve+doing（主动表被动）/to be done
动词+ing形式（动名词） having done having been done
不定式eg.
①I want to finish the work before five o'clock(宾语）
②I want(need,require,order) the work to be finished before five o'clock(宾补）
③They pretend to be doing their homework when the teacher came in（宾语）
④He seemed to have been to Beijing fot three times（宾语）
⑤He seemed to have been criticized by the teacher from his apperance(宾语)
It's right to give up smoking / To see is to believe.
My wish is to be a scientist（将来）
My ambition to make a lot of money finally came true.（后置定语）
He came here only to visit you（结果却发现）/just to visit you（就是为了）（目的状语）此处还可用 in order to（可用）/so as to（不可用）
He is too young to join the army （结果状语）
现在分词eg.
①+a a sleeping baby, a developing country
①+b The news is disappointing ,My job is teaching English
①+c We heard the baby crying in the next room
①+c
②+a a bridge being built. ②+b The bridge is being built over the river.
②+c I don't know the bridge being built over the river.
②+d Being built over the river,the bridge is not in use now.（原因状语）
③+e Having finished all my homework,I went out to the cinema.
④+e Having been criticized （不做后置定语，位于句首做状语）by the teacher ,the naughty boy seemed to be more serious.
过去分词eg.
①+a boiled water,fallen leaves,developed country,a boy interested in films/a boy called Tom
①+b He is satisfied with what I've made for him.
①+c Given more time ,I will finish the tack more perfectly（强调条件）=If I am given more time,I will finish the tack more perfectly
Criticized by the teacher,he seemed to be more serious.=Because the boy was criticized by the teacher ,he seemed to be more serious.
①+d I'll have my watch repaired.
I found the work done three days ago.
注意：动词不定式与分词作宾补的区别
vt. +sb.+
eg.①I noticed the thief come into the shop and run out of it.
②I caught the thief stealing in the shop yesterday.
③I found the diamond necklace stolen yesterday.
动名词①+a Seeing is believing
①+b I'm considering spending sometime going over my lesson.
②+a Being considered foolish made me upset.
②+b Can you imagine the bridge's being built within one month
☆v.+doing
Admit,finish,miss,avoid,dislike,suggest,consider,enjoy,mention,understand,mind,face,appreciate（感激），excuse（原谅），feel like,practise,forgive,imagine,risk,resist,includ,can't help,can't stand,delay,pardon,detest（憎恨），anticipate（预料），quilt（停止，放弃）
☆固定结构后+doing的，此固定结构有（未完整）
Sb. spend/waste time＆money+doing
It's no use/good/useless+doing
☆介词词组中，在介词后接doing（并未完全）
Sth. +be worth +doing,There is no point in doing做……无意义，There is no chance of doing无机会做……
☆+to do （在其后接to do的动词）
Want,like,wish,hate,prefer,hope,continue,demand,manage,try,ask,offer,start,forget,promise,mean,pretend,intend,begin,attempt,decide,learn,agree,care,choose,determine（下定决心）,expect,refuse,afford,desire,plan,guarantee（保证），tend（打算，企图）,arrange,fail,long（渴望）
☆v.+doing/to do
Stop doing（停止做……）/to do（停下来去做……）
Remember doing（记得做了……）/to do （记得要去做……）
Begin to do/doing（开始做……）
Star to do/doing（开始做……）
Hate to do/doing（讨厌做……）
Mean to do（打算）/doing（意味着做……）
Like to do（喜欢，特指）/doing（喜欢，泛指）
Try to do（尽力，努力做……）/doing（尝试）
Regret to do（遗憾要去做……）/doing（遗憾已经做了……）
☆v.+sb.+to do
Advise,cause,force,invite,remind,want,allow,command,get,order,reguest,warn,ask,encourage,inspire,help,permit,teach,would like（希望），beg,expect,instruct（驱使）,persuade,tell,drive,stimulate,oblige（使sb.不得不做……），require,recommend,wish
☆v.+doing/sb. to do
Advise,allow,forbis,permit,recommend
非谓语作定语及状语时的填写规律
Eg.1.The boy (do)housework is only seven years old.
Step one:将待定部分写成句子形式 Who is doing homework.
Step two:将连词，主语去掉 ※Who is doing homework.
Step three:根据右表将※变为非谓语 doing housework
(meet) her several times,I became familar with her.
Step one:Because I had met her……
Step two:Because I had met her……
Step three:Having met her……
注意：写成句子形式的When……，If……，Though……去连词时，可以不去，保留
eg.If heated , iron can be softer.
Hearing this ,he felt terrified =When he heard this,he felt terrified(时间状语)
a sick people
Being
ill ,he didn't go to school=Because he was ill,he didn't go to school（原因状语）
Tom came into the room ,singing songs.=Tom came into the room and song songs.（伴随状语）
do,不带to的不定式/to do 带to的不定式（强调动作发生了，指的是过程）①
doing （强调过程，主动，正进行中） ②
done （强调动作已经完成且表被动） ③
被动
The thief was noticed to come.
被动
The thief was caught stealing.
The diamond was found stolen.
被动
同consider的动词见表v.处
句子的成分主语，定语，宾语，状语及表语都可用非谓语的形式表达
非谓语动词的结构与特点如下：
非谓语动词 结构 语法功能 注意
主动语态 被动语态
不定式 to do(动作将来或具体动作 在句子中作主语（a），宾语，表语（b），定语（c），宾补，状语（d，表将来时） Vt.+sb.+do（不带to的不定式）eg.feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,obsene,see,Watch,have,let,makeV.+to do（带to的不定式）eg.afford,agree,decide,wish,hope,promise,ask,expect,refuse,offer
牛津英语高二下册，见整理大纸（plan,pretend,de-sire)
动词+ing形式（现在分词） 一般式doing（主动，正在进行）强调过程 在句子中作定语（a），表语(b)，宾补(c)及状语(d) 强调动作同时发生
在句中作状语（e）（原因，时间） 强调动作先后发生
动词+ed形式（过去分词） done（强调被动，完成或两者同时强调） 在句中作定语（a），表语(b)，状语(c)及宾语补主语(d)
① doing 在句中作主语（Ⅰ）宾语（Ⅱ） vt.+doingadmit,avoid,finish,appreciate,consider,mind,miss,practise,risk,escape,enjoy,imagine,delay,suggest,understand,excuse,can't help,be worth,ban,It's no use/good/useless,fell like,advise,allow,permit(可加doing也可加sb to do),recommend,forbid，advise doing/sb to do
②need,require,want,deserve+doing（主动表被动）/to be done
动词+ing形式（动名词） having done having been done
不定式eg.
①I want to finish the work before five o'clock(宾语）
②I want(need,require,order) the work to be finished before five o'clock(宾补）
③They pretend to be doing their homework when the teacher came in（宾语）
④He seemed to have been to Beijing fot three times（宾语）
⑤He seemed to have been criticized by the teacher from his apperance(宾语)
It's right to give up smoking / To see is to believe.
My wish is to be a scientist（将来）
My ambition to make a lot of money finally came true.（后置定语）
He came here only to visit you（结果却发现）/just to visit you（就是为了）（目的状语）此处还可用 in order to（可用）/so as to（不可用）
He is too young to join the army （结果状语）
现在分词eg.
①+a a sleeping baby, a developing country
①+b The news is disappointing ,My job is teaching English
①+c We heard the baby crying in the next room
①+c
②+a a bridge being built. ②+b The bridge is being built over the river.
②+c I don't know the bridge being built over the river.
②+d Being built over the river,the bridge is not in use now.（原因状语）
③+e Having finished all my homework,I went out to the cinema.
④+e Having been criticized （不做后置定语，位于句首做状语）by the teacher ,the naughty boy seemed to be more serious.
过去分词eg.
①+a boiled water,fallen leaves,developed country,a boy interested in films/a boy called Tom
①+b He is satisfied with what I've made for him.
①+c Given more time ,I will finish the tack more perfectly（强调条件）=If I am given more time,I will finish the tack more perfectly
Criticized by the teacher,he seemed to be more serious.=Because the boy was criticized by the teacher ,he seemed to be more serious.
①+d I'll have my watch repaired.
I found the work done three days ago.
注意：动词不定式与分词作宾补的区别
vt. +sb.+
eg.①I noticed the thief come into the shop and run out of it.
②I caught the thief stealing in the shop yesterday.
③I found the diamond necklace stolen yesterday.
动名词①+a Seeing is believing
①+b I'm considering spending sometime going over my lesson.
②+a Being considered foolish made me upset.
②+b Can you imagine the bridge's being built within one month
☆v.+doing
Admit,finish,miss,avoid,dislike,suggest,consider,enjoy,mention,understand,mind,face,appreciate（感激），excuse（原谅），feel like,practise,forgive,imagine,risk,resist,includ,can't help,can't stand,delay,pardon,detest（憎恨），anticipate（预料），quilt（停止，放弃）
☆固定结构后+doing的，此固定结构有（未完整）
Sb. spend/waste time＆money+doing
It's no use/good/useless+doing
☆介词词组中，在介词后接doing（并未完全）
Sth. +be worth +doing,There is no point in doing做……无意义，There is no chance of doing无机会做……
☆+to do （在其后接to do的动词）
Want,like,wish,hate,prefer,hope,continue,demand,manage,try,ask,offer,start,forget,promise,mean,pretend,intend,begin,attempt,decide,learn,agree,care,choose,determine（下定决心）,expect,refuse,afford,desire,plan,guarantee（保证），tend（打算，企图）,arrange,fail,long（渴望）
☆v.+doing/to do
Stop doing（停止做……）/to do（停下来去做……）
Remember doing（记得做了……）/to do （记得要去做……）
Begin to do/doing（开始做……）
Star to do/doing（开始做……）
Hate to do/doing（讨厌做……）
Mean to do（打算）/doing（意味着做……）
Like to do（喜欢，特指）/doing（喜欢，泛指）
Try to do（尽力，努力做……）/doing（尝试）
Regret to do（遗憾要去做……）/doing（遗憾已经做了……）
☆v.+sb.+to do
Advise,cause,force,invite,remind,want,allow,command,get,order,reguest,warn,ask,encourage,inspire,help,permit,teach,would like（希望），beg,expect,instruct（驱使）,persuade,tell,drive,stimulate,oblige（使sb.不得不做……），require,recommend,wish
☆v.+doing/sb. to do
Advise,allow,forbis,permit,recommend
非谓语作定语及状语时的填写规律
Eg.1.The boy (do)housework is only seven years old.
Step one:将待定部分写成句子形式 Who is doing homework.
Step two:将连词，主语去掉 ※Who is doing homework.
Step three:根据右表将※变为非谓语 doing housework
(meet) her several times,I became familar with her.
Step one:Because I had met her……
Step two:Because I had met her……
Step three:Having met her……
注意：写成句子形式的When……，If……，Though……去连词时，可以不去，保留
eg.If heated , iron can be softer.
Hearing this ,he felt terrified =When he heard this,he felt terrified(时间状语)
a sick people
Being
ill ,he didn't go to school=Because he was ill,he didn't go to school（原因状语）
Tom came into the room ,singing songs.=Tom came into the room and song songs.（伴随状语）
do,不带to的不定式/to do 带to的不定式（强调动作发生了，指的是过程）①
doing （强调过程，主动，正进行中） ②
done （强调动作已经完成且表被动） ③
被动
The thief was noticed to come.
被动
The thief was caught stealing.
The diamond was found stolen.
被动
同consider的动词见表v.处