中考数词复习

(共33张PPT)
2010年中考专题复习
Numbers
cardinal numbers
(基数词)
ordinal numbers
(序数词)
（表示数目多少）
（表示顺序先后）
基数词在句子中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语。
用作主语：
Are six, eight lucky numbers
用作表语：We are fifteen.
用作宾语：
The students of Class Eight are glad they won the second.
用作定语：
There are forty-eight students in Class Seven.
用作同位语：
You two are very good teachers.
基数词
基数词(cardinal numbers)的构成及用法:
1. 1~12的基数词是独立单词,无规律可循。
eleven twelve
2. 13~19的基数词一般在3~9对应的基数词后加-teen构成，注意：
thirteen fifteen eighteen
3. 20~90八个整十位数以后缀-ty结尾。注意：
twenty (20) thirty (30) forty (40) eighty (80)
4. “几十几“的基数词由十位数和个位数中间加
连字符 “-”构成：
twenty-nine ninety-seven
5. 百位数和十位数之间，要用 “and”连接。
three hundred and five four hundred and forty-five
6. 英语中“万” 及以上的表示法：
三位数以上的数，从个位往前数，每三位数加一个逗号“，”，从后往前数的第一个逗号代表thousand,第二个逗号代表million,第三个逗号是billion，注意这几个词不能用复数形式，后也不能加and。
53,461
fifty-three thousand, six hundred and forty-one
30,045,310
thirty million , forty-five thousand, three hundred and ten
3,333,333,333

7. hundred, thousand, million,billion前有确切数词时，
遵循“两个无”原则，即无 “s”，无“of”。
three hundred people nine million books
8. 但hundred, thousand, million, billion前无确切数词时，则遵循“两个有”原则，即有 “s”和“of”。
many thousands of trees
millions of birds
thousands of soldiers
three hundreds people three hundred of books
△ Two hundred of the students in our school are girls.
9.基数词常与名词连用构成复合定语，中间要用连字符，
而且只用名词的单数形式．
an 800-hundred-word composition
a five-week holiday a 20-meter-tall building
10. 基数词可以表示年代、时刻、住所、房间、教室、电话号码等。
in 1991 (in nineteen ninety-one)
in 1980’s (1980s) 在20世纪80年代读作：in nineteen eighties
Page three Room 403
in one’s fifties(在某人５０多岁的时候）
Tony is 10 years old.
Tony is a 10-year-old boy.
No. 4 Middle School
at seven thirty
考题点击
It is not rare in _____ that people in ____ fifties are going to university for further education.
A. 90s, the B. the 90s, /
C. 90s, their D. the 90s, their
D
表示“几十岁”；用 in one’s + 数词复数，如：
He began to work in his teens.
表示"年代"，用 in +the +数词复数；
时刻的表达法
“时刻”用基数词表达，同时要注意以下几点：
1）表示“整点”时，在基数词后加o’clock,
如：9 o’clock.
2）英式英语：分钟小于或等于30分钟的，用
“分钟数+past+钟点数”形式；如分钟数大于30分钟的，
用“到下一个分钟数所差的分钟数+to + 下一个分钟数”
形式；也可以依次读钟点数和分钟数。
如：7:20 twenty past seven 或 seven twenty
3) 注意表示两个特殊的表示分钟的单位词；30分
钟用half,15 分钟用a quarter。如：
6:30读作：half past six
5:45读作：a quarter to six
6:15读作：a quarter past six
11.注意下列习惯表达方式：
half an hour half a kilo
two and a half kilos = two kilos and a half
one or two days = one day or two
eighty meters long
one thousand miles away
five meters deep ( wide/ tall/ high/long)
five meters in depth / width/ height/ length
12. The number of --- is large / small / 数字
---的数量是多/少/数字
疑问词: what (多少)
The number of wild animals is getting smaller and smaller.
What’s the number of the girls in your class
a number of = a large number of
= large numbers of 许多的,大量的
There are large numbers of tourists in Beijing now.
序数词(ordinal numbers)的构成及用法:
基数词 one, two , three 的序数词分别为:
first, second, third ( 1st 2nd 3rd)
2. 从第四到第十九的序数词在基数词后加 “-th”．注意：
　fifth eighth ninth twelfth
3. 十位整数基数词的序数词需将词尾的 “y”改为 “i”，
　再加　“eth” 构成． twenty twentieth
forty fortieth ninety ninetieth
4. “几十几”的数及４位数以上基数词的序数词
只将个位变成序数词即可．one hundredth
one thousandth four hundred and thirty-second
5. 日期的表达一般用序数词．
　
6.用于最高级前表示“第二、第三…”
the second most useful the third largest city
7. second, third 等与 “ a “连用，表示　”又一，再一”．
　再一次　a second time
8. 在…世纪：　　in the twenty-first century
in the nineteenth century
表示日期有两种说法和三种写法，如：2月1号可读为：
the first of February或February (the) first,
但其书写上可有三种写法:
①February 1 ② February 1st ③ 1st February
概数的表示法
Over/above/ more than + 数字 或：数字＋ odd (…多／以上）
over / more than two years (两年多）
　above twenty pounds (２０磅以上）
　thirty odd years (30多年）
2. below/ under/ less than +数字　（不足／不到…，…以内）
below six days under two hours less than 60 miles
3. about/ nearly/ some/ toward(s)/ more or less + 数字
数字＋or so / more or less (大约／近…，…上下／左右）
　about 90 yards nearly one tenth
some fifty feet nine kilos or so
more or less 20 meters / 20 meters more or less
“每隔”与“每逢”的表示法：
两种结构：
every +　基数词 ＋　复数名词
every + 序数词　＋　单数名词
every four days
every fourth day
每四天（每隔三天）
every three lines
every third line
每三行（每隔二行）
每隔一天：
every other day
every two days
every second day
The bus runs every five minutes.
One in every twenty students is to be chosen as the representative.
一些数学公式、小数和分数的表示法：
基本的算术表达法。
加Three plus three is six. 3＋3＝6
减Ten minus five is five. 10－5＝5
乘Two times two is four. 2×2＝4
or two multiplied by two is four.
除Twenty divided by five is four.
20÷5＝4
小数的小数点读作point，零读作o或zero,小数点后面
的数字按个位基数词依次读出。
3.5 three point five
分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分数要在序数词上加s.
a (one) half
a/one fourth a/ one quarter
1/3 one third
4/5 four fifths
12/23 twelve twenty-thirds
考题点击
____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
C
分数和百分数作主语时，关键是看其后的名词来决定其谓语动词的数。该题中的是不可数名词，所以动词需用单数。
百分数(%)，读作per cent (percent),但不论是多少均
用作单数形式不能加s。如:
63% 63 percent
71.67% seventy-one point six seven percent
倍数的讲法有所不同。两倍用twice,而三倍以上
用序数词加times,如：
He has three times as many books as I have.
考题点击
Americans eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many
D
倍数表示法： 主+谓+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. (+ n.) + as 　I have three times as many as you.　
英、美楼层的不同表示法：
美 英 汉
first ground 一层
second first 二层
third second 三层
例1 The number 2,146 is read as__________.
A. two thousands and one hundred and forty and six.
B. two thousand and a hundred and forty-six.
C. two thousand, one hundred and forty-six.
D. two thousands , one hundred, forty-six.
分析:英语数字的读法是有规律的,百位跟十位之间加and,十位与个位用连字符,三位以上的数用逗号分开,第一个逗号代表thousand等.根据数字的读法,可以找出正确答案为C.
例2 There are _____ people in my family. We live in the _____ floor in a tall building.
A. five; six B. fifth; sixth
C. fifth; six D. five, sixth
分析: 第一个空表示数量用基数词,第二个空表示顺序用序数词,选D.
例3 ——Excuse me, how does this number 20,135 read ——It reads___________.
A. twenty thousands one hundred and thirty five
B. twenty thousand one hundred thirty five
C. twenty thousand, one hundred and thirty-five
D. twenty thousands, one hundred and thirty-five
分析：根据数字的读法规律，选C。
例4 In our class ______ of the students are girls.
A. three fifths B. three fifth
C. third five D. third fifths
分析：根据分数的表达方法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数可以找到正确答案为A。
基数词与单数名词构成复合形容词．例：
an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁的男孩
a two-day holiday　　　一个两天的假期
例5. A _____schoolboy, Li Ming, played the piano at the end of the party.
A. 12-year old B. 12-years-old
C. 12-year-old
例6. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____to his office.
A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk
C. 20-minute walk
C
C
例7.John lives on _______ floor.
A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth
例8. We all think that the _____century will bring us more hopes.
A. twenty-one B. twentieth-first C. twenty-first
例9. This is _____ visit to China.
A. second B. my the second C. my second
例10. On his ____ birthday, he got a lot of presents.
A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth
C
C
C
B
序数词前要有定冠词the，如前有形容词性物主代词时，不用定冠词.
序数词前用不定冠词a/an时表示“再一，又一”，相当于another.
例11. I have already broken two rulers so I want to buy a ____ one.
A. three B. third C. fourth
例12. 为什么不再试一次？
C
Why not try a second time
分数表达法:
例13.In our class, _____of the students ____ girls.
A. three fifths, are B. three fifth, are
C. three five, are
例14. ____of the water ____drunk up.
A. Two thirds, has B. Two third, is
C. Two thirds, is
A
C
基数词 _+ 序数词. 当分子大于1时,序数词之后加“s”.　谓语动词的数由分数后面的名词决定．
This a big class, and ______ of the students are girls.
A. two third B. second three
C. two thirds D. two three
The questions is very easy, even a _____ child can answer it.
A. three-years old B. three years old
C. three-year-old D. three year old
3. The _____ man on the left is Beckman, a famous football player.
A. two B. second C. three
4. ——Which class won the match in the end
—— I’m not sure. Maybe _____ did.
A. Class Third B. Class Three
C. third three D. Class Three
C
C
B
D
5. Nine _____ pounds a week That’s very good.
A. hundred of B. hundreds of
C. hundreds D. hundred.
6. Sharks have been on the earth for _____ years.
A. thousands of B. two thousands
C. two thousands of D. thousand of
7. ______ people come to Jilin to visit Mount Changbai every year.
A. Thousands of B. Thousand of
C. Thousands D. Thousand
8. The computer was cheap. I spent only two _____ yuan on it.
A. thousands B. thousand
C. thousands of D. thousand of
D
A
A
B
9. About _____ of the workers in the clothes factory
are women.
A. third fifths B. third fifth C. three fifths D. three fifth
10. The road is over ______ metres long.
A. six hundreds and fifty-two
B. six hundred and fifty-two
C. six hundred, fifty-two
D. six hundred, fifty and two
11. September is _____ month of the year.
A. ninth B. eighth C. the eighth D. the ninth
12. It’s about ______ kilometres from Nanning to
Beijing.
A. two thousand five hundred and sixty
B. two thousand five hundreds and sixty
C. two thousands five hundred and sixty
D. two thousands five hundreds and sixty
C
B
D
A
13. Every year, ______ fishes are killed by the polluted water.
A. million of B. millions of
C. two millions of D. two millions
14. The boy told the old woman, “The train will arrive at two to two.” It means ______.
A. 2:02 B. 2:20 C. 1:58 D. 1:40
15. Sara said we would meet at _____ in front of the museum.
A. one thirty B. half an hour
C. one and thirty D. one past thirty
16. We’ll have a _____ holiday after the exam.
A. two month B. two-month
C. two month’s D. two-months
B
C
A
B
17. Now children, turn to page ______ and look at the _____ picture in Lesson Two.
A. twentieth; one B. twenty; one
C. twentieth; first D. twenty; first
18. Today we are going to learn the ____ lesson.
A. twenty B. twentith
C. twentieth D. twentyth
19. Dinosaur eggs were found in the _____.
A. 1990 B. 1990th C. 1990s D. 1990s’
20. ——How often do I take it
——______.
A. twice B. twice a day
C. twice one day D. in twice days
D
C
C
B