数词

二. 数词的用法
数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。
1. 基数词的用法
(1) 基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语，例如：
　　 Thirty of them are Party members.（主语）
　　 --- How many would you like？
　　 --- Three ，please．（作宾语）
　　 The nine boys are from Tianjing.（定语）
　　 Six plus four is ten.（表语）
　　 We four will go with you.（同位语）
(2) 表示一个具体数字时，hundred, thousand, million一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如：
Our country has a population of 1,300 million people.
There are three thousand students in our school.
After the war, thousands of people became homeless.
Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the world.
　　 They arrived in twos and threes．
　 (3) 表示“……十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代，例如：
　　 He is in his early thirties．
　　 He died still in his forties．
　　 This took place in 1930s．
(4) 表示时刻用基数词。例如：
We get up at six.
The workers begin work at eight.
表示“几点过几分”，用介词past,但须在半小时以内。例如：
ten past ten, a quarter past nine, half past twelve
表示“几点差几分”用介词to, 但分数须在半小时以上。例如：
twenty to nine, five to eight, a quarter to ten
表示“几点几分”还可直接用基数词。例如：
seven fifteen, eleven thirty, nine twenty
2. 序数词的用法
　 （1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如：
　　 The first truck is carrying a foot baskets． 　 John lives on the fifteenth floor．
　 （2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”这样的意思，例如：
　　 We'll have to do it a second time． Shall I ask him a third time？
　　 When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speak．
（3）由几个序数词和基数词在拼写时不对应，很容易写错，应特别注意。它们是：one---first, two---second, three---third, five---fifth, eight---eighth, nine---ninth, twelve---twelfth。
（4）表示年，月，日时， 年用基数词表示，日用序数词表示。例如：
1949年十月一日读作: October (the) first, nineteen sixty
2004年九月十日读作：September (the) tenth, two thousand and four
（5）表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。例如：
three fourths, one second, two fifths
（6）序数词有时用缩写形式：
first→1st second→2nd third→3rd fourth→4th twenty-second→22nd
【实例解析】
1.About ________ students in our class can describe that place in English.
A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths
答案：A。该题考查的是分数的表示法。分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母应加-s，因此应选A。
2.Nine _______ pounds a week That’s very good.
A. hundred of B. hundreds of、 C. hundreds D. hundred
答案：D。该题考查的是数词的用法。Nine hundred是一个具体的数量，这是数词不能用复数形式，后面也不能加of。所以应选D。
3. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _______ basketball.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的用法。球类运动之前不加冠词，因此应选D。
4. This is _______ song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it _______ beautiful one
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the
答案：C。该题考查的是冠词的用法。第一个空是特指，特指我给你说过的那首歌，第二个空是表示某一个类别。所以应选C。
【中考演练】
一. .单项填空
1. This morning I had ________ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast.
A. an B. a C. the D./
2. ---What’s the matter with you
---I caught ________ bad cold and had to stay in ________.
A. a;/ B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
3. ---Have you seen _______ pen I left it here this morning.
---Is it ________ black one I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a
4. _______ sun is shining brightly.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
5. There is _______ “h” in the word hour.
A. a B. the C. an D./
6. Did you enjoy your stay in Xian
Yes. I had _______ wonderful time.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
7. ______ sun is bigger than _______ earth.
A. A; the B. A; an C. The; an D. The; the
8. There is _______ apple and some pears on the table.
A. the B./ C. a D. an
9. David has _______ cat. It’s very nice.
A. a B. an C. the D./
10. I’m reading _______ novel. It is _______ interesting story.
A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an
11. It is said that SARS has killed more than ________ people worldwide.
A. three hundreds B. three hundreds’ C. three hundred’s D. three hundred
12. ---How many workers are there in your factory
---There are two __________.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of
13. ---Which is the smallest number of the four
---_______________.
A. Two-thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Three-fourths
14. ---What do you think of a war, Li Ming
---I’ve no idea. But it’s a fact that _______ people had to leave their hometown during the War on Iraq.
A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. several thousands
15. We all think that the _______ century will bring us more hopes.
A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one
16. ---Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six
---Yes, it is __________.
A. 856620 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626
17. When was the PRC founded It was founded on _________.
A. July 1, 1921 B. October 1, 1949 C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 1922
18. I was 8 years old when my father was 31. This year my father is twice my age. How old am I
A. 21 B. 22 C. 23 D. 24
19. _______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics.
A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of
20. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _______one.
A. three B. third C. forth D. /
二. 句子改错：下面各句A, B, C, D中有一处错误，请指出并改正。
1. May is a fifth month of the year.
A B C D
2. The film has been on for half a hour.
A B C D
3. The boys and the girls often play the foot ball in the afternoon.
A B C D
4. It looks rain. Why not take a umbrella with you
A B C D
5. Li Mei often gives us some good information by the e-meil.
A B C D
6. We’ve planted two hundreds trees in the centre of our city this year.
A B C D
7. Five million of dollars is a lot of money.
A B C D
8. There are thousand of children in the park now.
A B C D
9. By the end of twenty century, the world population had passed six billion.
A B C D
10. Over three fifth of the world’s books and newspapers are written in English.
A B C D