中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高一英语第3次小测
一、词汇+短语
Topic
Talk
英文
音标
词性+中文
1.confidence
/'k?nf?d?ns/
n．自信，信心；信赖
2.all
in
all
总而言之，总的来说
Lesson
1
3.various
/?ve?ri?s/
adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的
4.from
time
to
time
有时；偶尔；间或
5.addict
/??d?kt/
n．对……着迷的人
Lesson
2
6.goal
/ɡ??l/
n．目标，目的
7.target
/?tɑ?ɡ?t/
n．目标
8.due
to
因为
Lesson
3
9.deal
with
处理；应付
10.give
up
放弃
二、语法填空
Last
week
I
1._took____(take)
on
a
difficult
task
of
showing
kindness.The
idea
came
from
a
few
posts
on
a
website.
I
decided
2._to
reach____(reach)
out
to
a
few
people
I
hadn’t
talked
to
for
the
past
few
years.
One
was
a
cousin,
3._who/whom_
I
had
lost
touch
with
for
25
years.
She
was
very
happy
when
we
got
4._in_
touch.
The
other
two
were
friends
I
hadn’t
talked
to
in
nearly
10
years.It
was
really
good
to
talk
to
5.__them_
(they)
both.
With
one
of
them，I
reached
out
at
a
great
time
for
him.He
had
forgotten
my
name
6._entirely__
(entire)
but
remembered
I
disliked
7._running_(run)
when
young
because
I
had
asthma.He
was
grateful
that
I
called
him
and
said
some
very
kind
8._things_(thing)
to
me
about
our
past.I
am
glad
our
friendship
mattered
to
him.
I
think
9._it_
is
good
to
be
the
one
to
take
the
initiative
(主动性)
to
be
kind
and
reach
out.Even
if
it
seems
difficult
at
the
time，in
the
end
it
offers
10._wonderful_(wonder)
rewards!
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高一英语Unit1
lesson3小测
Topic
Talk
英文
音标A
词性+中文
1.
/'k?nf?d?ns/
n．自信，信心；信赖
2.
总而言之，总的来说
Lesson
1
3.
/?ve?ri?s/
adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的
4.
有时；偶尔；间或
5.
/??d?kt/
n．对……着迷的人
Lesson
2
6.
/ɡ??l/
n．目标，目的
7.
/?tɑ?ɡ?t/
n．目标
8.
因为
Lesson
3
9.
处理；应付
10.
放弃
一、词汇+短语
二、语法填空
Last
week
I
1.__________(take)
on
a
difficult
task
of
showing
kindness.The
idea
came
from
a
few
posts
on
a
website.
I
decided
2._____________(reach)
out
to
a
few
people
I
hadn’t
talked
to
for
the
past
few
years.
One
was
a
cousin,
3._________
I
had
lost
touch
with
for
25
years.
She
was
very
happy
when
we
got
4.___________
touch.
The
other
two
were
friends
I
hadn’t
talked
to
in
nearly
10
years.It
was
really
good
to
talk
to
5._________
(they)
both.
With
one
of
them，I
reached
out
at
a
great
time
for
him.He
had
forgotten
my
name
6.___________
(entire)
but
remembered
I
disliked
7._____(run)
when
young
because
I
had
asthma.He
was
grateful
that
I
called
him
and
said
some
very
kind
8.______(thing)
to
me
about
our
past.I
am
glad
our
friendship
mattered
to
him.
I
think
9.________
is
good
to
be
the
one
to
take
the
initiative
(主动性)
to
be
kind
and
reach
out.Even
if
it
seems
difficult
at
the
time，in
the
end
it
offers
10.__________(wonder)
rewards!
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Unit1
Life
Choices(Lesson
3)
【Unit
1
Lesson
3
词汇/词组/句子的辨析和使用】
教材P14
feature
n.
特色，特点(可数)；故事片(可数)
vt.
以......为特色；由......主演
(1)单句语法填空
①The
main
_________(feature)
of
Southern
California
are
the
climate
and
scenery.
答案：①features
教材P14
typical
adj.
典型的；一贯的；平常的
(1)常见搭配
be
typical
of...
.......有代表性的
It’s
typical
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人一向如此做某事
(2)拓展
typically
adv.
通常；典型地；不出所料
(3)句型转换
①Typically,
he
always
plays
jokes
on
others.（用it作形式主语改写）
_____________________________________________________________________________
答案：①It
is
typical
of
him
to
play
jokes
on
others.
教材P14
graduate
vi.
毕业
vt.
授以学位，准予毕业
n.
大学毕业生；毕业生
(1)常见搭配
graduate
from...
毕业于......(学校)
graduate
in...
毕业于......(专业)
(2)拓展
graduation
n.
毕业；毕业典礼
post-graduation
n.
研究生
(3)完成句子
①______________________(大学毕业后),
I
took
some
time
off
to
go
travelling,
which
turned
out
to
be
a
wise
decision.
答案：①After
graduating
from
college
教材P14
inspire
vt.
鼓舞；鼓励；给予灵感；成为动力
(1)常见搭配
inspire
sb.
to
do
sth.
激励某人做某事
(2)拓展
inspiration
n.
灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事
inspired
adj.
有创造力的；有灵感的；
inspiring
adj.
令人振奋的
(3)单句语法填空
①Mission
accomplished,
workers
were
______________(inspire).
答案：①inspired
教材P15
independently
adv.
独立地
vt.
向......挑战；对.......质疑
(1)拓展
independent
adj.
独立的；不依赖他人的
independence
n.
独立
depend
v.
依赖；依靠
depend
adj.
依靠的
(2)完成句子
①Don’t
___________________(依赖)
others.
You
should
learn
to
rely
on
yourself.
答案：①depend
on
教材P14
apply
vi.
申请；使用；专心致志
vt.
应用；运用
(1)常见搭配
apply
to
适用于
apply
(to
sb.)
for
sth.
(向某人)申请某物
apply
oneself
to
=
be
applied
to
致力于/集中精力于......
(2)拓展
application
n.
申请(书)；用途
applicant
n.
申请人
(3)完成句子
①If
you
apply
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand,
you’ll
soon
finish
it.
(用现在分词作状语改写)
____________
____________
______________
_____________
__________
_______________
___________,
you’ll
soon
finish
it.
答案：①Applying
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand
教材P15
live
up
to
达到/符合.......的期望；不辜负；无愧于
(1)完成句子
①One
ought
to
_______
________
________
__________
he
knows
to
be
right.
答案：①live
up
to
what
教材P15
give
up
放弃；中止
拓展
give
away
总计，合计
泄露，暴露
give
in
向......屈服/投降
上交
give
back
归还，送还
give
off
发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
give
out
分发(=
hand
out)
宣布
发发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
被耗尽，用光(=
be
used
up
=
run
out)
(人)体力不支
(2)完成句子
①At
the
beginning
of
every
term,
new
books
________
_________
________
________
all
the
new
students.
答案：①are
given
out
to
教材P15
deal
with
处理，应付；涉及，关于；与......做生意
(1)辨析
deal
with
&
do
with
易混词组
用法
例句
deal
with
意为“处理，应对”，其中deal为不及物动词，deal
with常与how
连用。
I
don’t
know
how
to
deal
with
the
problem.我不知道怎么处理这个问题。
do
with
意为“处理，应对”，其中do为及物动词，do
with常与what
连用。
What
should
I
do
with
this
old
computer?我该怎么处理这台旧电脑呢？
(2)单句写作
①老实说，如果你坚持这个价格，我们是不会成交的。
To
be
honest,
if
you
insist
on
the
price,
we
won’t
be
able
to
_________
_________
__________.
②她习惯在工作中与各种各样的人打交道。
She
is
used
to
_________
_________
all
kinds
of
people
in
her
job.
答案：①make
a
deal
②dealing
with
10.
教材P15
The
other
two
local
teachers
were
responsible
for
maths
and
Chinese.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
be
responsible
for...
意为“对......负责任”。拓展：
responsibility
n.
责任；职责，义务
a
sense
of
responsibility
责任感
take
responsibility
for...
对.......负责
(2)完成句子
①Nowadays
everyone
______
_____________
______
building
up
a
harmonious(和谐的)
society
in
China.
答案：①is
responsible
for
11.
教材P15
The
contribution
he
made
to
the
village
was
great,
so
he
became
very
popular
among
the
villagers
and
they
treated
him
as
one
of
them.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
he
made
to
the
village
为定语从句，省略了引导词that，先行词为contribution，为名词，常用搭配为
make
a
contribution/
make
contributions
to。拓展：contribute
v.
贡献，捐款，捐赠
(2)完成句子
①Those
who
have
__________
____________
________________
____________
(做出重大贡献)
human
beings
and
society
will
never
be
forgotten.
答案：made
great
contributions
to
【Unit
1
常考易混词的辨析及运用】
1.
易混词①
pressure
&
stress
易混词
区别
例句
注意
pressure
在科学上，pressure指单位面积上所受到的压力。用于引申时，指某事物所产生的压力或影响力等。用于人时，指强制或促使某种行动的外部压力，偏于物理方面的压力。其动词是施压的意思。
The
landlord
is
putting
pressure
on
us
to
move
out.房东强迫我们搬走。
两个词中文意思相近，都有
“压力”意思，有时可以互相替换使用。
stress
stress侧重指承受外来的压力，用于人时，指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张，也指使人感到内心痛苦的各种原因，偏于精神方面的压力。stress名词还有重音的意思，其动词是强调的意思。
A
divorce
causes
children
great
emotional
stress.离婚对孩子们造成巨大的情感压力。
易混词
区别
例句
arise
arise-arose-arisen意为“出现，开始，引起注意”，主语常为抽象事物。书面用词，有时也多用于诗歌或比喻中，具有特殊的修辞色彩。
A
thin
curl
of
smoke
arose
lazily
from
the
cabin.一缕薄烟懒洋洋地从小屋升起。
arouse
arouse-aroused-aroused意为“唤醒，唤起，引起，激发”，多指把某物从低处升到高处，有时作引申用。
The
rejection
of
the
measure
aroused
the
people
to
indignation.该措施被否决，激起了人民的公愤。
rise
rise-rose-risen意为“上升，升起”，指具体的或抽象的事物由低向高移动。
The
moon
has
not
yet
risen.月亮还没有升起。
raise
raise-raised-raised意为“举起，提起”，多指把某物从低处升到高处，有时也可翻译为“召集，使振奋”。
All
the
students
raised
their
hands.所有的学生都举起手来。
lift
lift-lifted-lifted意为“抬起，拿起”，语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。
This
suitcase
is
too
heavy
for
the
child
to
lift.这箱子太重，孩子提不起来
2.
易混词②
arise
&
arouse
&
rise
&
raise
&
lift
3.
易混词③
aim
&
goal
&
target
&
end
&
purpose
&
object
&
objective
易混词
区别
例句
注意
aim
从本义“靶子”引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标。
She
went
to
London
with
the
aim
of
finding
a
job.她去伦敦的目的是找工作。
这些名词均有“目标、目的”之意。
goal
指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标(长期)。
It’s
a
matter
of
setting
your
own
goals
and
following
them.这是一个设定自己的目标并努力实现它们的问题。
target
指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。引申指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。
The
missile
homed
in
on
the
target.导弹正向目标飞去。
end
指心目中怀着的某种目的，强调结果而非过程。较正式用词。?
She
is
exploiting
the
current
situation
for
her
own
ends.她在利用目前的形势来达到自己的目的。
purpose
普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实际的目标。?
The
purpose
of
industry
is
to
create
wealth.勤劳的目的是致富。
object
强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。
Her
sole
object
in
life
is
to
become
a
travel
writer.她人生的唯一目标就是当游记作家。
objective
objective与object基本同义，但语义更广泛，指具体或很快能达到的目的，也可指军事目标。书面用词。
What
is
the
main
objective
of
this
project
?这个项目的主要目标是什么？
4.
易混词④
besides
&
except
&
except
for
&
but
&
but
for
&
apart
from
&
in
addition
(to)
易混词
区别
例句
besides
意为“除了.......之外(还有)”，注意：在句子中单独使用时，意为“而且，何况”，表示语意的递进。
Besides
London,
I’ve
been
to
Beijing
and
Shanghai.除了伦敦之外，我还去过佛山、北京和上海。
except
意为“除了.......之外(没有)”，指从同类中排除。
We
all
went
except
him.
除了他（没去）以外,我们都去了。
except
for
意为“除了.......之外(没有)”，排除的人或物与所谈对象不是同类，常指整体中除去一部分。
Your
composition
is
good
except
for
a
few
spelling
mistakes.?
除了几处拼写错误以外,
你的作文写得很好。
apart
from
表示“除......之外”，根据上、下文的不同,它既可用作
besides,
也可用作
except
和
except
for。
Apart
from
them,
I
had
no
one
to
talk
to.（=
except）?
除了他们以外,
我没有人说话。
Apart
from
other
considerations,
time
is
also
a
factor.
(=besides）?
除了别的考虑之外,时间也是一个因素。
in
addition
(to)
表示“除......以外,（还,也）”,
相当于besides。
He
speaks
French
in
addition
to
English.除了英语之外，他还会说法语。
5.
易混词⑤
inspire
&
encourage
&
stimulate
&
spur
&
motivate
易混词
区别
例句
注意
inspire
“鼓舞，激发，给予灵感，成为动力”，多指常精神上给人鼓励，也可指用信心、决心或热情去鼓励某人。
Your
high
enthusiasm
will
be
sure
to
inspire
anybody
around
you.你的热忱肯定会鼓励你身边的每一个人。
这组词都有“鼓励”，“激励”的意思。
encourage
“鼓励，激励”，指给人信心和希望,
激励人去做某事，或指受到鼓舞和激励使有信心和决心去做某事。
Most
teachers
encourage
their
students
to
take
part
in
social
activities.大多数老师都鼓励学生参加社会活动。
urge
“力劝，敦促，怂恿”，语气较强，指不断地、热情地规劝、诱导、鼓励他人。
He
urged
me
to
pursue
high
education
in
England
after
I
graduated
from
school.他力劝我毕业后继续在英国接受高等教育。
stimulate
“鼓舞，起促进作用，刺激”，指令人振作，增强他人信心、勇气。
Success
will
stimulate
the
people
for
fresh
efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去做新的努力。
spur
“激励,
鞭策”，spur的本意是用马刺策马使其快跑，常引申出“鞭策，激励”的意思。?
John
was
spurred
by
his
desire
to
do
better
than
all
other
boys
in
his
class.约翰想比班上所有的男孩都出色，这一愿望一直激励着他。
motivate
“刺激，使由动机，激发...的积极性”，指激发做某事的动机。
How
do
you
motivate
people
to
work
hard
and
efficiently
?
你是如何激励人们努力而高效地工作的？
易混词综合练习(选择题)
①If
the
ministry(政府部门)
won’t
listen,
we’ll
have
to
bring
some
more
__________
to
bear.
A.
pressure
B.
stress
②Only
a
finite
number
of
situations
can
_________.
A.
arise
B.
rise
C.
arise
D.
arouse
E.
lift
③You
need
to
set
yourself
some
long-term
________.
A.
aims
B.goals
C.
targets
D.
objects
E.
objectives
F.
ends
④Jack’s
first
novel
was
__________
by
the
memory
of
his
mother.
A.
inspired
B.encouraged
C.
urged
D.
stimulated
E.
spurred
⑤_________
the
service,
I
enjoy
everything
about
this
restaurant.
A.
Besides
B.Except
C.
Except
for
答案：①~⑤
AABAC
【语法突破：-ed/-ing
Adjectives（-ed/-ing
形容词）】
在英语中，有些形容词是由动词加-ed或-ing构成的。由于它们的形式和动词-ed和动词-ing形式一样，所以又叫分词化形容词，这类形容词多和情感有关，常作定语和表语。
1.
The
-ed
form
of
a
verb
acts
as
an
adjectives
and
describes
people’s
feelings.
动词-ed形式作形容词描述人的情感，常译为“感到......的”；
eg:
Everyone
was
excited
about
the
concert.
大家对演唱会都感到很兴奋。
注意：修饰事物时，则多修饰神态、微笑、感觉、容貌、哭声、表情等显示某人情感状况的名词。
eg:
He
had
a
pleased
smile
on
his
face.
他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
2.
The
-ing
form
of
a
verb
acts
as
an
adjectives
and
describes
a
situation,
a
person
or
a
thing.
动词-ing形式作形容词描述情境、人或事物，常译为“令人感到......的”；
eg:
Living
in
the
village
was
challenging.
住在村子里令人感到很有挑战。
注意：修饰人时，则表示此人具有某种性质或特征。
eg:
The
man
is
very
interesting.
这个人很有趣。
3.
分词化形容词不都是成对出现。常见只有“-ing形式”或者只有“-ed形式”的形容词总结如下：
只有“ing形式”的形容词：
①由不及物动词(vi.)转化而来
existing
现存的
increasing
越来越多的
rising
升起的
working
有工作的
standing
永久的
missing
失踪的
living
活着的
remaining
剩余的
emerging
新兴的
appealing
有吸引力的
being
存在的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
②并非是动词的现在分词
enterprising
有事业心的
neighboring
邻近的
appetizing
开胃的?
?
?
on-going
持续的
outstanding
杰出的
③从含义上一般只用现在分词
understanding
善解人意的?
encouraging
令人鼓舞的
surrounding
周围的??
?
?
demanding
高要求的
good-looking
好看的?
English-speaking
说英语的
time-consuming
耗时的?
far-reaching
影响深远的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
只有“ed形式”的形容词
①
由名词变来
skilled
有技能的?
gifted
有天赋的
talented
有才能的?
?
?
salaried
领薪水的
armored
装甲的
ashamed
羞愧的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
②从含义上一般只用过去分词
lost
迷路的，遗失的?
married
已婚的
used
用过的，习惯的
accustomed
习惯的
stressed
紧张的
dedicated
有奉献精神的，专用的
devoted
忠诚的
gone
离开的
occupied
忙于……的
absorbed
专注的
settled
稳定的
trapped
被困的
stuck
卡住的，困住的
unchanged
不变的
well-equipped
设备精良的
home-made
自制的
warm-hearted
热心的
Chicago-based
总部设在芝加哥的
well-known
著名的?
heart-broken
心碎的
bad-tempered
脾气不好的
seated
入座的
good-mannered
有礼貌的
deep-seated
根深蒂固的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
??
4.
单句语法填空
①The
football
fans
___________(cheer)
as
soon
as
they
heard
the
_____________(excite)
news.
②He
had
a
_____________(frighten)
look
on
his
face
and
everybody
felt
____________(frighten).
答案：①cheered；exciting
②frightening；frightened
课堂练习
1.课文语法填空
Zhang
Tian
was
inspired
by
①______________
(
wonderfully)
teachers
from
small
villages
and
applied
for
a
volunteer
teacher
in
a
village
school
after
graduation.
Before
he
went
to
the
village,
he
imagined
②____________
(excite)
things
about
living
and
teaching
in
a
village.
But
when
he
arrived,
he
found
the
school
was
much
smaller
③____________
he
had
expected
and
the
living
conditions
in
the
village
④________________(be)
also
more
challenging
than
he
had
thought.Every
day
he
worked
hard
and
felt
tired.
⑤______________
(
teach)
in
Guizhou
Province
has
been
quite
⑥_________________
experience
for
him.
To
make
school
life
healthier
and
livelier,
Zhang
Tian
introduced
more
⑦____________
(
subject)
to
the
school.
Now
the
students
do
well
in
English
⑧___________
their
school
lives
are
more
attractive
and
interesting,
which
makes
Zhang
Tian
feel
satisfied.
⑨_________teaching,
Zhang
Tian
also
brought
changes
to
the
village.
He
made
a
great
⑩__________________
(
contribute)
to
the
village,
so
he
became
very
popular
among
the
villagers.
答案:
①wonderful
②exciting
③than
④were
⑤Teaching
⑥an
⑦subjects
⑧and
⑨Besides
⑩contribution
2.
阅读理解
Most
of
us
lead
unhealthy
lives;
we
spend
far
too
much
sitting
down.
If
in
addition
we
are
careless
about
our
diets,
our
bodies
soon
become
loose
and
fatty
and
our
systems
slow-moving.
There
are
some
aspects(方面)
of
our
unhealthy
lives
that
we
cannot
avoid.
I
am
thinking
of
such
features
of
modern
city
life
as
pollution,
noise,
rushed
meals
and
stress.
But
keeping
fit
is
a
way
to
reduce
the
effects
of
these
evils.
The
usual
suggestion
to
a
person
who
is
looking
for
a
way
to
keep
fit
is
to
take
up
some
sport
or
other.
While
it
is
true
that
every
weekend
you
will
find
people
playing
football
and
hockey
in
the
local
park,
they
are
outnumbered
a
hundred
to
one
by
the
people
who
are
simply
watching
them.
For
those
who
do
not
particularly
enjoy
competitive
sports—and
it
is
especially
difficult
to
do
so
if
you
are
not
good
at
them—there
are
such
separate
activities
as
cycling,
walking,
jogging
and
swimming.
What
often
happens
though
is
that
you
do
them
in
such
a
leisurely
way,
so
slowly,
that
it
is
doubtful
if
you
are
doing
yourself
much
good,
except
for
the
fact
that
you
have
at
least
managed
to
get
up
out
of
your
armchair.
Even
after
you
have
found
a
way
for
keeping
in
shape,
through
sport
or
gymnastics,
you
are
still
only
half
way
to
good
health,
because,
according
to
the
experts,
you
must
also
master
the
art
of
complete
mental
and
physical
relaxation(放松).
It
has
to
do
with
deep
breathing,
emptying
your
mind
of
all
thoughts,
meditation,
and
so
on.Yoga,
as
practiced
in
the
West,
is
the
most
widely
known
and
popular
of
the
systems
for
achieving
the
necessary
state
of
relaxation.It
seems
ironical(讽刺性的),
though,
that
as
our
lives
have
improved
in
a
material
sense
we
have
found
it
increasingly
necessary
to
go
back
to
forms
of
activity—physical
effort
on
the
one
hand
and
relaxation
on
the
other—which
were
the
natural
way
of
life
of
our
forefathers.
①
Pollution,
noise
and
stress
are
examples
of
___________.
A.
causes
of
unfitness
B.
bad
features
of
living
in
towns
C.
the
things
we
can
completely
do
away
with
D.
unavoidable
things
in
town
②
To
be
healthy
we
must
____________.
A.
keep
fit
and
active
B.
keep
fit
and
learn
to
relax
C.
be
active
and
practise
Yoga
D.
have
a
sound
mind
③
Our
forefathers
were
healthy
because
__________.
A.
their
way
of
life
closely
connected
with
both
exercise
and
relaxation
B.
they
were
careful
to
get
plenty
of
fresh
air
C.
they
spent
most
of
the
time
out
of
doors
D.
their
environment
was
not
polluted
答案：1~3
BBA
1
4
6
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit1
Life
Choices(Lesson
3)
【Unit
1
Lesson
3
词汇/词组/句子的辨析和使用】
教材P14
feature
n.
特色，特点(可数)；故事片(可数)
vt.
以......为特色；由......主演
(1)单句语法填空
①The
main
_________(feature)
of
Southern
California
are
the
climate
and
scenery.
教材P14
typical
adj.
典型的；一贯的；平常的
(1)常见搭配
be
typical
of...
.......有代表性的
It’s
typical
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人一向如此做某事
(2)拓展
typically
adv.
通常；典型地；不出所料
(3)句型转换
①Typically,
he
always
plays
jokes
on
others.（用it作形式主语改写）
_____________________________________________________________________________
教材P14
graduate
vi.
毕业
vt.
授以学位，准予毕业
n.
大学毕业生；毕业生
(1)常见搭配
graduate
from...
毕业于......(学校)
graduate
in...
毕业于......(专业)
(2)拓展
graduation
n.
毕业；毕业典礼
post-graduation
n.
研究生
(3)完成句子
①______________________(大学毕业后),
I
took
some
time
off
to
go
travelling,
which
turned
out
to
be
a
wise
decision.
教材P14
inspire
vt.
鼓舞；鼓励；给予灵感；成为动力
(1)常见搭配
inspire
sb.
to
do
sth.
激励某人做某事
(2)拓展
inspiration
n.
灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事
inspired
adj.
有创造力的；有灵感的；
inspiring
adj.
令人振奋的
(3)单句语法填空
①Mission
accomplished,
workers
were
______________(inspire).
教材P15
independently
adv.
独立地
vt.
向......挑战；对.......质疑
(1)拓展
independent
adj.
独立的；不依赖他人的
independence
n.
独立
depend
v.
依赖；依靠
depend
adj.
依靠的
(2)完成句子
①Don’t
___________________(依赖)
others.
You
should
learn
to
rely
on
yourself.
教材P14
apply
vi.
申请；使用；专心致志
vt.
应用；运用
(1)常见搭配
apply
to
适用于
apply
(to
sb.)
for
sth.
(向某人)申请某物
apply
oneself
to
=
be
applied
to
致力于/集中精力于......
(2)拓展
application
n.
申请(书)；用途
applicant
n.
申请人
(3)完成句子
①If
you
apply
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand,
you’ll
soon
finish
it.
(用现在分词作状语改写)
____________
____________
______________
_____________
__________
_______________
___________,
you’ll
soon
finish
it.
教材P15
live
up
to
达到/符合.......的期望；不辜负；无愧于
(1)完成句子
①One
ought
to
_______
________
________
__________
he
knows
to
be
right.
教材P15
give
up
放弃；中止
拓展
give
away
总计，合计
泄露，暴露
give
in
向......屈服/投降
上交
give
back
归还，送还
give
off
发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
give
out
分发(=
hand
out)
宣布
发发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
被耗尽，用光(=
be
used
up
=
run
out)
(人)体力不支
(2)完成句子
①At
the
beginning
of
every
term,
new
books
________
_________
________
________
all
the
new
students.
教材P15
deal
with
处理，应付；涉及，关于；与......做生意
(1)辨析
deal
with
&
do
with
易混词组
用法
例句
deal
with
意为“处理，应对”，其中deal为不及物动词，deal
with常与how
连用。
I
don’t
know
how
to
deal
with
the
problem.我不知道怎么处理这个问题。
do
with
意为“处理，应对”，其中do为及物动词，do
with常与what
连用。
What
should
I
do
with
this
old
computer?我该怎么处理这台旧电脑呢？
(2)单句写作
①老实说，如果你坚持这个价格，我们是不会成交的。
To
be
honest,
if
you
insist
on
the
price,
we
won’t
be
able
to
_________
_________
__________.
②她习惯在工作中与各种各样的人打交道。
She
is
used
to
_________
_________
all
kinds
of
people
in
her
job.
10.
教材P15
The
other
two
local
teachers
were
responsible
for
maths
and
Chinese.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
be
responsible
for...
意为“对......负责任”。拓展：
responsibility
n.
责任；职责，义务
a
sense
of
responsibility
责任感
take
responsibility
for...
对.......负责
(2)完成句子
①Nowadays
everyone
______
_____________
______
building
up
a
harmonious(和谐的)
society
in
China.
11.
教材P15
The
contribution
he
made
to
the
village
was
great,
so
he
became
very
popular
among
the
villagers
and
they
treated
him
as
one
of
them.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
he
made
to
the
village
为定语从句，省略了引导词that，先行词为contribution，为名词，常用搭配为
make
a
contribution/
make
contributions
to。拓展：contribute
v.
贡献，捐款，捐赠
(2)完成句子
①Those
who
have
__________
____________
________________
____________
(做出重大贡献)
human
beings
and
society
will
never
be
forgotten.
【Unit
1
常考易混词的辨析及运用】
1.
易混词①
pressure
&
stress
易混词
区别
例句
注意
pressure
在科学上，pressure指单位面积上所受到的压力。用于引申时，指某事物所产生的压力或影响力等。用于人时，指强制或促使某种行动的外部压力，偏于物理方面的压力。其动词是施压的意思。
The
landlord
is
putting
pressure
on
us
to
move
out.房东强迫我们搬走。
两个词中文意思相近，都有
“压力”意思，有时可以互相替换使用。
stress
stress侧重指承受外来的压力，用于人时，指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张，也指使人感到内心痛苦的各种原因，偏于精神方面的压力。stress名词还有重音的意思，其动词是强调的意思。
A
divorce
causes
children
great
emotional
stress.离婚对孩子们造成巨大的情感压力。
易混词
区别
例句
arise
arise-arose-arisen意为“出现，开始，引起注意”，主语常为抽象事物。书面用词，有时也多用于诗歌或比喻中，具有特殊的修辞色彩。
A
thin
curl
of
smoke
arose
lazily
from
the
cabin.一缕薄烟懒洋洋地从小屋升起。
arouse
arouse-aroused-aroused意为“唤醒，唤起，引起，激发”，多指把某物从低处升到高处，有时作引申用。
The
rejection
of
the
measure
aroused
the
people
to
indignation.该措施被否决，激起了人民的公愤。
rise
rise-rose-risen意为“上升，升起”，指具体的或抽象的事物由低向高移动。
The
moon
has
not
yet
risen.月亮还没有升起。
raise
raise-raised-raised意为“举起，提起”，多指把某物从低处升到高处，有时也可翻译为“召集，使振奋”。
All
the
students
raised
their
hands.所有的学生都举起手来。
lift
lift-lifted-lifted意为“抬起，拿起”，语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。
This
suitcase
is
too
heavy
for
the
child
to
lift.这箱子太重，孩子提不起来
2.
易混词②
arise
&
arouse
&
rise
&
raise
&
lift
3.
易混词③
aim
&
goal
&
target
&
end
&
purpose
&
object
&
objective
易混词
区别
例句
注意
aim
从本义“靶子”引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标。
She
went
to
London
with
the
aim
of
finding
a
job.她去伦敦的目的是找工作。
这些名词均有“目标、目的”之意。
goal
指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标(长期)。
It’s
a
matter
of
setting
your
own
goals
and
following
them.这是一个设定自己的目标并努力实现它们的问题。
target
指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。引申指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。
The
missile
homed
in
on
the
target.导弹正向目标飞去。
end
指心目中怀着的某种目的，强调结果而非过程。较正式用词。?
She
is
exploiting
the
current
situation
for
her
own
ends.她在利用目前的形势来达到自己的目的。
purpose
普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实际的目标。?
The
purpose
of
industry
is
to
create
wealth.勤劳的目的是致富。
object
强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。
Her
sole
object
in
life
is
to
become
a
travel
writer.她人生的唯一目标就是当游记作家。
objective
objective与object基本同义，但语义更广泛，指具体或很快能达到的目的，也可指军事目标。书面用词。
What
is
the
main
objective
of
this
project
?这个项目的主要目标是什么？
4.
易混词④
besides
&
except
&
except
for
&
but
&
but
for
&
apart
from
&
in
addition
(to)
易混词
区别
例句
besides
意为“除了.......之外(还有)”，注意：在句子中单独使用时，意为“而且，何况”，表示语意的递进。
Besides
London,
I’ve
been
to
Beijing
and
Shanghai.除了伦敦之外，我还去过佛山、北京和上海。
except
意为“除了.......之外(没有)”，指从同类中排除。
We
all
went
except
him.
除了他（没去）以外,我们都去了。
except
for
意为“除了.......之外(没有)”，排除的人或物与所谈对象不是同类，常指整体中除去一部分。
Your
composition
is
good
except
for
a
few
spelling
mistakes.?
除了几处拼写错误以外,
你的作文写得很好。
apart
from
表示“除......之外”，根据上、下文的不同,它既可用作
besides,
也可用作
except
和
except
for。
Apart
from
them,
I
had
no
one
to
talk
to.（=
except）?
除了他们以外,
我没有人说话。
Apart
from
other
considerations,
time
is
also
a
factor.
(=besides）?
除了别的考虑之外,时间也是一个因素。
in
addition
(to)
表示“除......以外,（还,也）”,
相当于besides。
He
speaks
French
in
addition
to
English.除了英语之外，他还会说法语。
5.
易混词⑤
inspire
&
encourage
&
stimulate
&
spur
&
motivate
易混词
区别
例句
注意
inspire
“鼓舞，激发，给予灵感，成为动力”，多指常精神上给人鼓励，也可指用信心、决心或热情去鼓励某人。
Your
high
enthusiasm
will
be
sure
to
inspire
anybody
around
you.你的热忱肯定会鼓励你身边的每一个人。
这组词都有“鼓励”，“激励”的意思。
encourage
“鼓励，激励”，指给人信心和希望,
激励人去做某事，或指受到鼓舞和激励使有信心和决心去做某事。
Most
teachers
encourage
their
students
to
take
part
in
social
activities.大多数老师都鼓励学生参加社会活动。
urge
“力劝，敦促，怂恿”，语气较强，指不断地、热情地规劝、诱导、鼓励他人。
He
urged
me
to
pursue
high
education
in
England
after
I
graduated
from
school.他力劝我毕业后继续在英国接受高等教育。
stimulate
“鼓舞，起促进作用，刺激”，指令人振作，增强他人信心、勇气。
Success
will
stimulate
the
people
for
fresh
efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去做新的努力。
spur
“激励,
鞭策”，spur的本意是用马刺策马使其快跑，常引申出“鞭策，激励”的意思。?
John
was
spurred
by
his
desire
to
do
better
than
all
other
boys
in
his
class.约翰想比班上所有的男孩都出色，这一愿望一直激励着他。
motivate
“刺激，使由动机，激发...的积极性”，指激发做某事的动机。
How
do
you
motivate
people
to
work
hard
and
efficiently
?
你是如何激励人们努力而高效地工作的？
易混词综合练习(选择题)
①If
the
ministry(政府部门)
won’t
listen,
we’ll
have
to
bring
some
more
__________
to
bear.
A.
pressure
B.
stress
②Only
a
finite
number
of
situations
can
_________.
A.
arise
B.
rise
C.
arise
D.
arouse
E.
lift
③You
need
to
set
yourself
some
long-term
________.
A.
aims
B.goals
C.
targets
D.
objects
E.
objectives
F.
ends
④Jack’s
first
novel
was
__________
by
the
memory
of
his
mother.
A.
inspired
B.encouraged
C.
urged
D.
stimulated
E.
spurred
⑤_________
the
service,
I
enjoy
everything
about
this
restaurant.
A.
Besides
B.Except
C.
Except
for
【语法突破：-ed/-ing
Adjectives（-ed/-ing
形容词）】
在英语中，有些形容词是由动词加-ed或-ing构成的。由于它们的形式和动词-ed和动词-ing形式一样，所以又叫分词化形容词，这类形容词多和情感有关，常作定语和表语。
1.
The
-ed
form
of
a
verb
acts
as
an
adjectives
and
describes
people’s
feelings.
动词-ed形式作形容词描述人的情感，常译为“感到......的”；
eg:
Everyone
was
excited
about
the
concert.
大家对演唱会都感到很兴奋。
注意：修饰事物时，则多修饰神态、微笑、感觉、容貌、哭声、表情等显示某人情感状况的名词。
eg:
He
had
a
pleased
smile
on
his
face.
他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
2.
The
-ing
form
of
a
verb
acts
as
an
adjectives
and
describes
a
situation,
a
person
or
a
thing.
动词-ing形式作形容词描述情境、人或事物，常译为“令人感到......的”；
eg:
Living
in
the
village
was
challenging.
住在村子里令人感到很有挑战。
注意：修饰人时，则表示此人具有某种性质或特征。
eg:
The
man
is
very
interesting.
这个人很有趣。
3.
分词化形容词不都是成对出现。常见只有“-ing形式”或者只有“-ed形式”的形容词总结如下：
只有“ing形式”的形容词：
①由不及物动词(vi.)转化而来
existing
现存的
increasing
越来越多的
rising
升起的
working
有工作的
standing
永久的
missing
失踪的
living
活着的
remaining
剩余的
emerging
新兴的
appealing
有吸引力的
being
存在的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
②并非是动词的现在分词
enterprising
有事业心的
neighboring
邻近的
appetizing
开胃的?
?
?
on-going
持续的
outstanding
杰出的
③从含义上一般只用现在分词
understanding
善解人意的?
encouraging
令人鼓舞的
surrounding
周围的??
?
?
demanding
高要求的
good-looking
好看的?
English-speaking
说英语的
time-consuming
耗时的?
far-reaching
影响深远的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
只有“ed形式”的形容词
①
由名词变来
skilled
有技能的?
gifted
有天赋的
talented
有才能的?
?
?
salaried
领薪水的
armored
装甲的
ashamed
羞愧的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
②从含义上一般只用过去分词
lost
迷路的，遗失的?
married
已婚的
used
用过的，习惯的
accustomed
习惯的
stressed
紧张的
dedicated
有奉献精神的，专用的
devoted
忠诚的
gone
离开的
occupied
忙于……的
absorbed
专注的
settled
稳定的
trapped
被困的
stuck
卡住的，困住的
unchanged
不变的
well-equipped
设备精良的
home-made
自制的
warm-hearted
热心的
Chicago-based
总部设在芝加哥的
well-known
著名的?
heart-broken
心碎的
bad-tempered
脾气不好的
seated
入座的
good-mannered
有礼貌的
deep-seated
根深蒂固的
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
??
4.
单句语法填空
①The
football
fans
___________(cheer)
as
soon
as
they
heard
the
_____________(excite)
news.
②He
had
a
_____________(frighten)
look
on
his
face
and
everybody
felt
____________(frighten).
课堂练习
1.课文语法填空
Zhang
Tian
was
inspired
by
①______________
(
wonderfully)
teachers
from
small
villages
and
applied
for
a
volunteer
teacher
in
a
village
school
after
graduation.
Before
he
went
to
the
village,
he
imagined
②____________
(excite)
things
about
living
and
teaching
in
a
village.
But
when
he
arrived,
he
found
the
school
was
much
smaller
③____________
he
had
expected
and
the
living
conditions
in
the
village
④________________(be)
also
more
challenging
than
he
had
thought.Every
day
he
worked
hard
and
felt
tired.
⑤______________
(
teach)
in
Guizhou
Province
has
been
quite
⑥_________________
experience
for
him.
To
make
school
life
healthier
and
livelier,
Zhang
Tian
introduced
more
⑦____________
(
subject)
to
the
school.
Now
the
students
do
well
in
English
⑧___________
their
school
lives
are
more
attractive
and
interesting,
which
makes
Zhang
Tian
feel
satisfied.
⑨_________teaching,
Zhang
Tian
also
brought
changes
to
the
village.
He
made
a
great
⑩__________________
(
contribute)
to
the
village,
so
he
became
very
popular
among
the
villagers.
2.
阅读理解
Most
of
us
lead
unhealthy
lives;
we
spend
far
too
much
sitting
down.
If
in
addition
we
are
careless
about
our
diets,
our
bodies
soon
become
loose
and
fatty
and
our
systems
slow-moving.
There
are
some
aspects(方面)
of
our
unhealthy
lives
that
we
cannot
avoid.
I
am
thinking
of
such
features
of
modern
city
life
as
pollution,
noise,
rushed
meals
and
stress.
But
keeping
fit
is
a
way
to
reduce
the
effects
of
these
evils.
The
usual
suggestion
to
a
person
who
is
looking
for
a
way
to
keep
fit
is
to
take
up
some
sport
or
other.
While
it
is
true
that
every
weekend
you
will
find
people
playing
football
and
hockey
in
the
local
park,
they
are
outnumbered
a
hundred
to
one
by
the
people
who
are
simply
watching
them.
For
those
who
do
not
particularly
enjoy
competitive
sports—and
it
is
especially
difficult
to
do
so
if
you
are
not
good
at
them—there
are
such
separate
activities
as
cycling,
walking,
jogging
and
swimming.
What
often
happens
though
is
that
you
do
them
in
such
a
leisurely
way,
so
slowly,
that
it
is
doubtful
if
you
are
doing
yourself
much
good,
except
for
the
fact
that
you
have
at
least
managed
to
get
up
out
of
your
armchair.
Even
after
you
have
found
a
way
for
keeping
in
shape,
through
sport
or
gymnastics,
you
are
still
only
half
way
to
good
health,
because,
according
to
the
experts,
you
must
also
master
the
art
of
complete
mental
and
physical
relaxation(放松).
It
has
to
do
with
deep
breathing,
emptying
your
mind
of
all
thoughts,
meditation,
and
so
on.Yoga,
as
practiced
in
the
West,
is
the
most
widely
known
and
popular
of
the
systems
for
achieving
the
necessary
state
of
relaxation.It
seems
ironical(讽刺性的),
though,
that
as
our
lives
have
improved
in
a
material
sense
we
have
found
it
increasingly
necessary
to
go
back
to
forms
of
activity—physical
effort
on
the
one
hand
and
relaxation
on
the
other—which
were
the
natural
way
of
life
of
our
forefathers.
①
Pollution,
noise
and
stress
are
examples
of
___________.
A.
causes
of
unfitness
B.
bad
features
of
living
in
towns
C.
the
things
we
can
completely
do
away
with
D.
unavoidable
things
in
town
②
To
be
healthy
we
must
____________.
A.
keep
fit
and
active
B.
keep
fit
and
learn
to
relax
C.
be
active
and
practise
Yoga
D.
have
a
sound
mind
③
Our
forefathers
were
healthy
because
__________.
A.
their
way
of
life
closely
connected
with
both
exercise
and
relaxation
B.
they
were
careful
to
get
plenty
of
fresh
air
C.
they
spent
most
of
the
time
out
of
doors
D.
their
environment
was
not
polluted
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