人教版高二英语必修5 Unit1 Great Scientists Grammar 过去分词作定语和表语[公开课]课件（40张ppt）

动
词
1、过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。
eg：a lost animal
a used stamp
an injured finger
a broken coin
a lighted candle
注意：a. 过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
spoken English 英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
b. 少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的 过去分词只有完成的意义
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起来的太阳
a returned student 一名留学生
a retired teacher 一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
想一想
什么时候用前置定语？
什么时候用后置定语？
Practice: 把过去分词做定语改为定语从句
1） The question discussed was very important.
= The question ________________________ was very important.

2） The United States is a developed country.
= The United Stated is a country ______________________ .
三、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
现在分词：主动，正在进行
过去分词：被动和／或完成
Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known
C. being known D. to be known
2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known
4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt
二、过去分词作表语的位置
过去分词作表语，通常放在系动词的后面
Eg: Everyone present is excited at his speech.
You seem frightened.

系动词
1. 最常见的是： be
2. 感官类： feel, smell, sound, look, taste,
3. 变化类： turn , become, fall ,get, go, grow,
4. 似乎类： appear, seem
5. 保持类： remain, , stay, keep, ……………..
注意：过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态；而被动语态中，强调动作。
e.g.：This shop is now closed．
这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态)
This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday．
这家商店每天6点关门。(动作）
归纳：V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
归纳：V-ing 形式表示“令人……的”
V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
常见的这类词有：
___________________________
__________________________
________________________.
Translation:
1. 丢了钱他困惑不已。
He ______________ about losing the money.
2、你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？
Why do you always _____________ ?
Do you sleep well these days?
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过去分词做定语和表语
谓语动词
非谓语动词
连系动词
am is are was were
look sound seem get turn
实意动词/行为动词(vt./vi)
run sing learn say write
助动词
do does did have has will
情态动词
can may must need dare
不定式 ( to do )
动名词 ( V-ing )
分词 ( V-ing / V-ed )
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
√
√
√
√
过去
分词
√
√
√
√
现在
分词
√
√
√
√
动名
词
√
√
√
√
√
√
不定
式
宾语补足语
状语
定语
表语
宾语
主语
语 法 功 能
名称
1.作状语
2.作定语
3.作表语
4.作补语
过去分词
具有形容词和副词的特征
时态：完成
语态：被动
课文原句：想一想划线的过去分词充当什么成分
1. So many thousands of terrified people died.
2. He found that it came from the river polluted
by the dirty water from London.
3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
定语
定语
表语
定语
过去分词做定语的含义
过去分词做定语的位置
过去分词与现在分词做定语的区别
高考链接
一只迷路的动物
一枚用过的邮票
一个受伤的手指
一枚破损的硬币
一支点燃的蜡烛
一、过去分词作定语的含义
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词前
过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面
a.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代 词前面
二、过去分词作定语的位置
a broken heart

一颗破碎的心
丧家之犬
已升起的太阳
被打破的玻璃杯
a lost dog
a risen sun

a broken glass
b. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。
1. People exposed to cholera
2. the book recommended by Jack
3. the machines produced last year
= people who was exposed to cholera
= the book which was recommended by Jack
= the machines which were produced last year
which had been discussed
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。
which has developed
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。
3） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?
= Have you noticed the bridge
______________________ there?
which is being built
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，表示被动的动作正在进行。
There are 220 children studying in the art school.
The experience gained will be of great value to us.
过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别：
the changing world
the changed world
boiling water
boiled water
a developing country
a developed country
（正在变化的）
（变化了的）
（正在沸腾的）（已经沸腾过的）
(发展中的)
（发达的）
a drowning man
a drowned man
falling leaves
fallen leaves
a retired worker
an escaped prisoner
快要淹死的人
已经淹死的人
正在飘落的树叶
落叶
退休工人
逃犯
1.Do you know the boy ____(lie) under the big tree?
2. The woman _____(sell) vegetables has gone.
3.The wheat is watered by water _____(bring) from a pond.
4. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people.
Keys: 1. lying
2.selling
3. brought
4. respected
四、高考链接
B
解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。
高考链接
A
解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。
高考链接
D
解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。
高考链接
B
解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。
过去分词做表语的含义
过去分词做表语的位置
过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别
一、 过去分词做表语的含义
过去分词（短语）作表语时，其作用相当于adj.,
说明的是主语的状态
All the windows are broken.
All hope is gone.
This article is well written.
He appeared more satisfied with my work.
三、 过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别
ing作表语与-ed作表语有何区别？
1. The result of the test is disappointing.
I feel disappointed with the result of the test.
2. The story is very interesting .
He is interested in the book.
3. The result is quite surprising !
I am surprised at what he said.
got puzzled
look so tired
3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
I _____________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.
4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody ____________to hear the death of the famous film star．
was disappointed with
was shocked
5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。
The children ______________________ going to the zoo．
6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.
His wound ______________________ a new virus．
are really excited about
became/was infected with
一、Compete the sentences using the right form of the given verb.
I had nothing to do. I was __________ (bore) and lonely.
Jack looked even more _______ (amaze) than he felt.
The results were very _____________(disappoint).
I was thanked by the _____________ (satisfy) customer.
The girl ___________ (dress) in red is my daughter.
Last Monday our class went on an ____________ (organise) trip.
bored
amazed
disappointing
satisfied
dressed
organised
二、Translation
1. _____________ (开水)
2. ________________ (一个破碎的茶杯)
3. three ____________________ (受伤的士兵)
4.We lived in the house _________________
(我舅舅们修建的).
5. Any medicine ________(服用) without the
advice of a doctor can cause trouble.
6. We spent two hours discussing the plan __________________ (她制定的).
boiled water
a broke cup
wounded soldiers
built by my uncles
taken
made by her
7. Most of the people
___________________
(被邀请参加宴会的) were famous scientists.
8. Lessons _____________ (易学的)are soon
forgotten.
9. The computer center ___________
(开办) last week is popular with the students .
invited to the party
easily learned
opened
三、Multiple choice
Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known
As we joined the big crowd, I got ____ from my friends
A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ___ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C. , did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing
5. If the building project ______ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.
A. to be completed B. being completed
C. completed D. is completed
6. The television is a ___ machine.
A. newly-invented B. new-invented
C. newly-invent D. newly-invention
7. ___ English is different from ____ English in many ways.
A. Spoken, written B. Speaking, written
C. Spoken, writing D. Speak, write
8. It is believed that if a book is_______, it will surely _______ the reader.
A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting
D. interesting; interest
9. Prices of daily goods ___ through a computer can be lower than some store prices.
A. are bought B. bought
C. been bought D. buying
10. Mr Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored
C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
Homework