名词性从句考点释疑解难（二）
二、名词性从句中的语序
一般说来，在名词性从句中没有主谓倒装，但是为了某种需要，有些词的位置也会有一些变动，但其变动是有规律的。
1. 当think, believe, imagine, suppose等动词引起的宾语从句的谓语是否定式时，要把从句中的否定形式移到主句中。如：
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
2. 为了强调名词性从句中的某个成分采用强调句型结构。如：
We find that it was this serious car accident that the bad weather caused.
3. 与引导词关系密切的词语和引导词一起放在从句之前。如：
I know what information you need most.
4. 为了语气需要，采用感叹句结构。如：
You know what a clever boy he is.
[考例]
1） These shoes look very good. I wonder _____.
A. how much cost they are
B. how much to do they cost
C. how much they cost
D. how much are the cost （2006上海春）
2） No one will be sure ______ in a million years.
A. what will man look like
B. what man will look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like （1992 全国）
3） Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so
（2004 广东）
4）I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize_____ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that C. how D. which
（2005 湖南)
[点招] 名词性从句不需考虑主谓语序倒装的选项，其他词的位置变动有规律可循。
[试招]
14） —I _____ that he _____ come back soon.
—So he won’t.
A. suppose; won’t B. don’t suppose; will
C. won’t suppose; will D. didn’t suppose; will
15） Do you know ______ will give us a talk next week
A. that it is who B. that is it who
C. who it is that D. who is it that
16） What we want to know is ______.
A. how much money you can get
B. how much money can you get
C. how you can get much money
D. how can you get much money
17） They were surprised to see ______.
A. what funny a doctor he was
B. what a funny actor was he
C. what he was a funny actor
D. what a funny actor he was
三、名词性从句的移位
名词性从句的位置一般是由它所起的作用决定的。如主语从句放在谓语动词之前；宾语从句放在动词或介词之后；同位语从句放在名词之后；表语从句放在系动词之后。但有时其位置也会改变：
1. 为了避免“头重脚轻”，谓语把同位语从句和名词分开。如：
The news came that our team won the game.
2. 被句子的另外一个重要成分隔开。如：
Our city is no longer what it used to be.
We don’t know at all what happened yesterday.
3. 用it作形式主语或宾语，而把从句放到句末。如：
It is a wonder that the wounded man is still alive.
It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not.
[考例]
1） A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A. if B. when
C. that D. which （2006 安徽）
[析] 空格后的从句结构完整，因此用that引导。该从句作thought的同位语，被suddenly came to me隔开。选C。
2） _____ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It （2006 浙江）
[析] 用it作形式主语，把由that引导的主语从句放到句末。选D。
3） It is none of your business _____ other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B. what
C. which D. when （2007 福建）
[点招] 名词性从句移位将干扰对所选项目的正确判断。了解名词性从句移位的种种现象，把从句拉回到它可能应在的位置，根据其作用、从句结构的完整性和意义加以判断选项。
[试招]
18） I heard of the news in the morning _____ a delegation will visit our school.
A. what B. when C. that D. how
19） I’ll tell you，if you want to know, of course, _____ advice is important for you.
A. / B. that C. which D. what
20） Word spreads to our village _____ a big factory will be built nearby.
A. that B. what C. where D. when名词性从句考点释疑解难（一）
一、名词性从句引导词的区别
考查名词性从句主要是考查引导词的不同意义和作用。较重要而且有时难以辨别的有以下四组：
1. what和that
引导名词性从句的what有词义，可表示“所……的事物/东西、凡是……的事物”，充当从句的主语、宾语或表语。that没有词义，不作句子的任何成分。如：
What I want to buy are some stamps and envelopes.
I know that you live there.
[考例]
______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
A. That B. What
C. Whether D. Where （2007 上海）
[试招]
1） It is quite certain ______ he will be present at the lecture.
A. what B. that C. / D. whether
2） ______ should be done must be done well.
A. All B. Anything C. That D. What
3） ______ surprised us all was ______ he had been admitted to a big company.
A. What; that B. What; because
C. That; that D. How; because
2. whether（if）和that
引导名词性从句的whether（if）和that均不作句子中的任何成分；但whether（if）有“是否”之意，只有引导宾语从句时whether和if可通用。注意以下几种情况：
1）当doubt作动词或名词表示“怀疑”，用于肯定式时，可用whether（if）引导宾语从句，用whether引导同位语从句；用于否定式时，用that引导宾语从句和同位语从句。如：
I doubt whether he will come.
There is no doubt that it was he who stole your wallet.
2）引导宾语从句作介词的宾语时，用whether；但在except（除……外）后面接由that引导的宾语从句。如：
It all depends on whether you can spare some time.
Your composition is quite good except that your handwriting is poor.
[考例]
1） Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _____ a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. that
C. what D. whether (2005 广东)
2） I know nothing about the lady ______ she is from Beijing.
A. except B. except for
C. except that D. besides （2005 上海）
3） Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _____ it is rough or smooth.
A. / B. whether
C. how D. what （2005 天津）
[点招]当从句结构完整时，优先考虑选项中的that、whether或if。如果在题意中能添加“是否”意思，则选whether/if。最后还要综合考虑各自的专用场合。
[试招]
4） ______ the guests come or not tomorrow is unknown to us.
A. That B. What C. Whether D. If
5） We don’t doubt ______ he is in good health.
A. whether B. if C. that D. what
6） I doubt ______ the meeting will be held on time.
A. whether B. that C. / D. what
7） The coat fits you well _______ its color is slightly bright.
A. besides B. except
C. except that D. except when
3. what / whatever和which / whichever
what / whatever和which / whichever均可引导名词性从句，可在从句中作主语或定语。区别是：what / whatever具有泛指意义，表示“（无论）什么、任何的”；which / whichever具有在特定的范围内选择的意义，表示“（无论）哪一个/些、……的那一个”。用whatever/whichever比用what / which语气强。如：
You’d better tell me what food you want to eat。（没有范围限定）
Here are only a glass of beer and a cup of tea. Tell me which you prefer to drink. （有范围限定）
You should not give your son whatever he wants.（没有范围限定）
I’ll show you all my books. You can take whichever you like. （有范围限定）
[考例]
1） I read about it in some book or other. Does it matter _____ it was
A. where B. what
C. how D. which （2001 北京春）
2） The poor young man is ready to accept _____ help he can get.
A. whichever B. however
C. whatever D. whenever （2005 全国III）
3） _____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what B. No matter which
C Whatever D. Whichever （2006 山东）
[析] will前为主语，由从句充当，从句中team需要定语。故选whichever表示“无论哪个（队）”，有特指意义。no matter what和no matter which均不能引导名词性从句。选D。
[试招]
8） We all agree with her on ______ she said at the meeting.
A. that B. which C. / D. what
9） There are a lot of types of cell phones in the shop. I really don’t know ______ one I should choose.
A. what B. how C. that D. which
10） I’ll try using ______ method you recommended in your article.
A. whatever B. whichever
C. however D. whenever
4. why和because
why意思是“为什么”，含义是“想知道事情发生的理由、原因”，可引导名词性从句；because意思是“因为”，说明事情发生的理由、原因，只能引导表语从句。比较it / this / that’s why...和it / this / that’s because...的用法：
His car broke down on half-way. That’s why he came late（前句说明的是原因，后句说明的是结果）
He came late. That’s because his car broke down on half-way.（前句说明的是结果，后句补充说明原因）
[考例]
The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ______ they insist on going by motor-bike.
A. why B. whether
C. when D. how （2004 全国Ⅳ）
[点招] 若题意是“探究事情发生的原因、理由”时，用why引导名词性从句；若题意是“说明事情发生的直接原因”时，用because引导名词性从句。
[试招]
11） — She has to take care of her mother in the hospital.
— Is that ______ she asks a few days off
A. that B. because C. how D. why
12） _____ the old woman felt sad was _____ she lost her pet—a dog.
A. That; that B. What; that
C. Why; that D. Why; because
13） Many people ask her for advice on how to keep healthier. That’s ______ she is a skilled doctor.
A. why B. because C. what D. that
