仁爱英语八年级上册期中备考--语法有练习含答案

仁爱八年级上册期中备考--语法
一、一般将来时be going to
(1) 定义
一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态。常用的时间状语有：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in a week等。
(2) 构成
① 肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+going to +V(原形)+其它
We are going to visit the zoo next Sunday.
② 否定句：主语+be + not + going to +V(原形)+其它
They aren't going to play football tomorrow.
③ 一般疑问句：Be+主语+going to +V(原形)+其它？
Are we going to meet outside the school gate?
(3) 现在进行时表将来
表示位置移动的动词go, come, start, leave, begin, return, stop，move, travel等，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。如：
Are you leaving tomorrow? 你明天动身吗？
She is coming to see you this afternoon. 她今天下午来看你。
(4) there be句型的一般将来时
① 肯定句
There is going to be ...如：
There is going to be a stamp collection this evening.下周将举行一次集邮展。
② 否定句
There isn't going to be...? 如：
There isn't going to be a concert this evening. 今晚没有演唱会。
③ 一般疑问句
Is there going to be... ? 如：
Is there going to be a football match next month? 下个月有一场足球赛吗？
实战演练
1. --- How soon is he going to come back?
--- _________ about three days.
A. For B. After C. In D. During
2. --- Jane, hurry up! It's time to leave.
--- OK. _________
A. I come B. I've come C. I'm coming D. I comes
3. Attention, please. There _________ a football game between China and Korea this evening.
A. is going to be B. has been C. has D. is going to have
4. The Browns _________ to Beijing next week.
A. is going B. are going to go C. are go D. is going to go
5. There _________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. be going to B. are going to be C. is going to be D. go to be
1-5 CCABC
二、动词双宾语
定义：某些及物动词的后面可以接两次属性不同的宾语，
一个是“人”，为间接宾语，一个是“物”，为直接宾语，两者合称为双宾语。
结构：V. + sb. + sth. = V. + sth. to(for) sb.
例如：His mother bought him a pair of shoes. = His mother bought a pair of shoes for him.
He teaches us English. = He teaches English to us.
He told us a very interesting story. = He told a very interesting story to us.
注意： 后接to的常有：bring, give, lend, offer, pass, sell, send, show, tell, throw, write
后接for的常有：make, get, buy, sing, book, build, choose, cook, keep, order
（用to侧重动作的方向，表示朝着、向着、对着某人；用for侧重动作的受益者，表示为了某人、替某人。）
(一)
1. You must bring me your homework tomorrow.
You must _________ your homework _________ me tomorrow.
2. Please buy something for me to drink.
Please _________ _________ something to drink.
3. Kate _________ English and I _________ Chinese.
A. teaches us, teach she B. teaches we, teach she
C. teaches us, teach her D. teaches our, teach her
4. This is my new book. Let me _________.
A. to show you it B. show it to you C. show it you D. to show it to you
1. taught us 2. cooked for 3-5 A C C
三、一般将来时构成 will/shall+do
(1) 定义
一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态。常用的时间状语有：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in a week等。
(2) 构成
① 肯定句：I/We/You/He/She/It/They + will +V(原形)+其它.
I/We + shall + V(原形)+其它.
② 否定句：I/We/You/He/She/It/They + will +not+V(原形)+其它.
I/We + shall +not+ V(原形)+其它.
③ 一般疑问句：Will you/he/she/they +V(原形)+其它？
Shall I/We +V(原形)+其它？
肯定回答：Yes, … will. 否定回答：No, …won’t.
④ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
注意：在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。用will问就用will答，用shall 问就用shall答。
--- What shall we take ? 我们要带什么？
--- We shall take a camera. 我们要带相机。
(3) there be句型的一般将来时
① 肯定句
There will be ...如：
There will be a stamp collection this evening.下周将举行一次集邮展。
② 否定句
There won’t be...? 如：
There won’t be a concert this evening. 今晚没有演唱会。
③ 一般疑问句
Will there be... ? 如：
Will there be a football match next month? 下个月有一场足球赛吗？
实战演练
--- we go at 8:00?
--- What about it a little later?
A. Shall; making B. Shall; to make C. Will; making D. Will; to make
2. --- David is leaving for a holiday.
--- Really? Where he ?
A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. does; go
3. Who we swimming with tomorrow afternoon?
A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go
4. you free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be
5. 我们将会在学校运动会上做的很好。
____________________________________________________________
1-4 ABDB 5. We will do well in the school sports meet.
四、情态动词 (should/shouldn’t; had better/had better not)
(1)定义: ① should作情态动词，表示劝告、建议，多指主观上有责任、有义务做某事，作“应该”解。
② had better 表示“最好”，其缩写为“’d better”，表示提出建议、劝告或命令等，含有“应该做某
事”之意，一般适用于晚辈、平辈等。注意: had better 中的had永远不能改成has或 have。
(2) 结构: should和had better 后面均跟动词原形。
should do sth. / had better do sth.
should not do sth. / had better not do sth.
实战演练
1. You’d better up stairs and tell the children make so much noise.
A. go; not to B. go; don’t C. to go; not to D. to go; don’t
2. You’d better the cinema by bus.
A. don’t go B. to go C. to go to D. go to
3. 今天你值日，你应该打扫教室。

参考答案: 1.A 2. D 3. You are on duty today. You should clean the classroom.
五、情态动词（must/mustn’t; may; can/could )
1. can 的用法:
(1) 表示能力时一般译为“能、会”， 即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时
may 和must 均不可代替它。
如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。
I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。
(2) 表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。
(3) 表示推测，意为“可能”， 常用于否定句和疑问句中， 此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。
如：Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？
2. could的用法：
(1) can的过去式，意为“ 能、 会”，表示过去的能力。
如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。
(2) could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。
如: --- Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
--- Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）
3. may的用法：
(1) 表示请求、许可，比can 正式。
如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？
You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。
(2) 表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“ 可能， 或许”，一般用于肯定句中。
如：It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。
She may be at home. 她可能在家呢.
4. must的用法：
(1) must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。
如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须待在这儿。
Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗？
(2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止，不许”。
如：You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。
You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。
(3) 对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to.
如：--- Must I finish my homework now? 我现在必须完成作业吗？
--- No, you needn’t.不，你不必。
(4) must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。
如: The light is on, so he must be at home now. 灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。
1. --- I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.
--- No. She be there, I came back from there just now.　
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t
2. --- _______ I borrow your MP3?
--- Sure . Here you are.
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would
3. --- Can you speak Japanese?
--- No, I .
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
4. --- He be in the classroom, I think.
--- No, he be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't
5. I take this one?
A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do
6. --- Must we do our homework first?
--- No, you . You may have a rest first.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't
1-5 AABCA 6 B
六、情态动词 (must/have to)
1. must 的用法
(1) 表示必须、必要。在回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't(禁止，不准)，而用needn't, don't, have to (不必).
You must come on time.
--- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
--- Yes, you must. --- No, you don't have to. / you needn't.
(2) must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要; must只有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式
His play isn't interesting, I really must go now.
I had to work when I was at your age.
(3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句，在否定句或疑问句中用can, could)
You're Tom's good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now.
2. have to 的用法
(1) have to可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而have to却要视主语的不同而变化
I / You / We / They have to… He / She / It has to… You don’t have to… Does she have to…?
(2) have to又作have got to，意思是“必须，不得不”。和must不同，must强调主观需要；have to强调客观需要
Sorry, I have to leave now.? I’ve got to go to a meeting.?
实战演练
一、
1. --- Must I my camera, Lily?
--- No, you . Don’t worry. I’ll take one myself.
A. to take; mustn’t B. take; needn’t C. to bring; needn’t
2. --- Dad, must I do my homework now?
--- No. You play games with your friends for a little while.
A. would B. needn’t C. may
3. --- Mum, must I stay there the whole day?
--- No, you . You come back after lunch, if you like.
A. mustn't; can B. needn't; must C. needn't; may
4. --- Must I wait here now?
--- No, you . But you should be back in ten minutes.
A. mustn't B. can't C. don't have to
5. --- Must I finish my homework now?
--- No, you .
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t
6. --- I can't give up smoking, doctor.
--- For your health, I'm afraid you .
A. may B. can C. have to
二、 用must, mustn’t, needn’t, may, have to 填空。
1. --- ________ I take the message for you right now?
--- No, you needn’t.
2. Do we ________ join the club today?
3. Look at the sign. You ________ throw litter around here.
4. --- ________ I ask you some questions, Dr. Li?
--- Sure, go ahead.
5. Must we exercise to prevent the flu?
Yes, we ________. / No, we don’t ________. / No, we ________.
一、1-6: BCCCBC
二、1. Must 2. have to 3. mustn’t 4. May 5. must; have to; needn’t
七、反身代词
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 herself
themselves
himself
itself
(1) 反身代词表示某人自身，它可以再句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
You must look after yourself well. (作宾语)
You are not quite yourself today. (作表语)
They themselves told me the news. (做同位语)
(2) 反身代词在实际运用中，可构成许多固定词组
help yourself to 随便吃 enjoy oneself过得愉快 teach oneself 自学
make oneself at home 别拘束 by oneself 亲自 lose oneself in ... 沉醉于……
实战演练
1. Boys and girls, please help to some fish.
2. Last Sunday, we enjoyed in the park.
3. The boy is too young to look after at home.
4. I see in the mirror(镜子).
5. They told me this interesting story.
6. Does your brother often wash clothes ?
A. he B. himself C. herself D. him
7. You must do your homework .
A. for yourself B. by you C. all by yourself D. to yourself
8. He said to h________, “What should I do?”
9. Doing exercise is a good way for us to build ________ up.
A. myself B. ourselves C. we D. us
10. I told ________ to be careful before the exam.
11. Jack, I believe you can work out this problem by ________.
12. She said she enjoyed ________ in the park.
13. My brother teaches _______ Japanese every day.
14. Their English teacher was ill. So they learnt English by _______.
15. We can’t finish the work by _______. We need your help.
16. The little monkey _________ can get the banana from the tree.
17. I ________ do even know where to go.
18. Help ________ to some fruit, boys. (三牧中学2017年期中考试题)
反身代词
1. yourselves 2. ourselves 3. himself 4. myself 5. Themselves 6. B
7. C 8. himself 9. B 10. myself 11. Yourself 12. herself
13. himself 14. themselves 15. ourselves 16. Itself 17. Myself 18. yourself