Module 3
Sports
模块小结
版本:外研版 八年级:上册
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词,短语和句式
要点1 score
score是名词,意思是“比分,进球数”
score是动词,表示“得分,进球”。
【典例分析】
1.经过两个小时二十分钟的比赛,最终比分为三比二。
After two hours and twenty minutes’ play, the final __________was 3:2.
2. 阿森纳(队)在比赛的最后一分钟进了一球。
Arsenal __________ in the last minute of the game.
【点拨】1.score 名词 比分。 2.scored 得分,进球。动词。
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要点2 boring
boring: adj.令人厌倦的,烦人的,无聊的放在句子中,修饰的是物品或事物
bore: v. 使厌烦
bored: adj. 厌倦的放在句子中,修饰人。意思为:……感到厌倦
用来修饰人的形容词
bored 感到厌烦的;
relaxed 感到放松的;
interested 感到有趣的;
surprised 感到吃惊的
用来修饰物的形容词
boring 令人厌烦的;
relaxing 使人放松的;
interesting 有趣的;
surprising 令人惊讶的
【典例分析】
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
【点拨】excited “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
【点拨】exciting “ing”的形容词,用来修饰物的形容词。
3. The children are very _______ to play games. (excite)
【点拨】excited “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
4. The running race is so ________. (excite)
【点拨】exciting “ing”的形容词,用来修饰物的形容词。
5. I think the film is _______ . (bore)
【点拨】boring “ing”的形容词,用来修饰物的形容词。
6. Several students are ______ at study. (bore)
【点拨】bored “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
7. They were __________________ when they heard the ________________ news.
A. surprised; exciting B. surprising; excited C. excited; surprised D. exciting; surprising
【点拨】A句意:当他们听到这个令人兴奋的消息的时候,他们是很惊讶的。考查使意动词变化变化而成的形容词用法辨析。通常结尾+ing的形容词用来描述“事物”;结尾+ed的形容词用来描述“人物”。根据第一个横线在描述人物,第二个横线在描述事物。故选A。
8. The result of the accident made everyone ________________.
A. surprising B. surprised C. surprise D. to surprise
【点拨】B句意:这起事故的结果使得所有人都很惊讶。考查使意动词变化变化而成的形容词用法辨析。根据句中的使役动词make everyone +形容词是在描述人物。故选B。
要点3 What’s the matter with you?
What’s the matter with you?常用此结构表示“你怎么了?发生什么事了?”类似表达还有:
What’s wrong with you?
What happened to you?
What’s the trouble?
What’s up?
(2)matter意为:“问题,麻烦”时,通常用单数形式,和the连用。matter 还是动词,意为“要紧,事关紧要”不用于进行时态
It’s doesn’t matter. 没关系。
as a matter of fact 事实上,说真的
【典例分析】
1.what’s the m______ with you computer?
2. ----I’m sorry. I’m late.
----_________________(没关系)。
【点拨】1.matter 2. It’s doesn’t matter.
3. ---Don you know _________________________? He looks unhappy.
---I’ve no idea. Maybe he didn’t pass his exams.
A. what’s the matter with Tom B. what’s wrong with Tom
C. what did happen to Tom D. what the trouble is with Tom
【点拨】A句意:---你直到汤姆怎么了吗?他看上去很不高兴。---我不知道。或许他考试没通过。考查宾语从句的辨析。what’s the matter with……通常强调外部因素对人物情绪的影响;what’s wrong with……通常强调身体原因;C和D的语序不符合排除。故选A。
4. What’s wrong with you? (改为同义句)
【点拨】 What’s wrong with you? 或What’s the trouble with you?
5.你的电脑怎么了?
What’s __________ __________your computer?
【点拨】the matter with
要点4 be sure about
①. be sure about / ( of )……(名词/ doing sth):对……确信,有把握
②. be sure to do sth:一定,务必,确信去坐某事
③. be sure + (that)从句:我确信,我肯定会……
【典例分析】
1. They are all sure _________________ winning the football match.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
【点拨】A句意:他们对赢得这场足球赛都很确信。考查be sure的短语搭配辨析。be sure about / ( of )……(名词/ doing sth):对……确信,有把握;be sure to do sth:一定,务必,确信去坐某事。根据winning he football match为动名词短语。故选A。
2.我确信他会来。
I___________ __________ ___________ his coming.
【点拨】am sure of. be sure about / ( of )……(名词/ doing sth):对……确信,有把握
要点 5 Never mind.(mind的用法辨析)
(1). mind:介意;反对;通常在句型中的搭配为:mind doing sth / mind sb doing sth;
mind后面只连接动名词doing,不连接动词不定式to do sth.
(2). Would you mind sb doing sth? 是一种有礼貌地提出请求的表达方式。 相当于Do you mind sb doing sth?表示请求的语气疑问句,在回答形式上辨析:
肯定回答为:No, that’s all right.不介意,没关系。No, go ahead.不介意,请……吧
Certainly not. / Of course not. 当然不介意了。No, not at all不,一点也不介意
否定回答为:Yes, I do mind.是的,我介意。Sorry, please don’t …….抱歉,请不要……
Better not, please.请最好不要……。
(3) Never mind. 没关系。本句在本文里是表示安慰,意思为“没关系,不要在意”。
【典例分析】
1 ---It’s hot. Would you mind my ______________ the window?
---________________. Do it as you like, please.
A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C. closing; Of courseD. open; Good idea
【点拨】B句意:---天气太热了。你介意我打开窗户吗?---当然不介意了。请打开吧。考查mind的用法已经回答形式辨析。根据mind +doing sth的搭配,以及不介意的回答形式。故选B。
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要点6 against
against为介词,表示“与……对抗”。against另外一个常用意思为“反对”。
be/go against 违反、反对……;play against比赛中与……对抗
fight against与……战斗,斗争
against prep 紧靠着…(表示方位)
【典例分析】
1. We are all against _____________________ wild animals for food.
A. to kill B. killing C. of killing D. kill
【点拨】 B句意:我们都反对猎杀野生动物来获取食物。考查非谓语动词形式的搭配。根据句中的are against,against为副词性质,其后通常连接名词性质的词形“名词、代词或动名词doing”。故选B。
2. We will __________________ the other strong team in the final match.
A. fight against B. against C. go against D. play against
【点拨】D 句意:我们将要在决赛中对阵另一个强队。考查against短语搭配辨析。根据句尾的in the final match可知是比赛中的对抗。故选D。
3.I gave up the piano lessons because I have so much homework to do, but it’s _______ my own wishes.
【点拨】句意:我放弃了钢琴课,因为我有很多作业要做,但这违背了我自己的意愿。against为介词,表示“与……对抗” “违反”
要点7 so that
so that表示“以便”, 用来引导目的状语从句。相当于in order that, 从句中常用can, could, may, might等情态动词.
so……that…… / such……that……:如此……以至于……(其后连接表示结果的状语从句)
【典例分析】
1. The man is ______________ hungry _______________ he can’t say a word.
A. too ; to B. enough ; to C. so ; that D. such ; that
【点拨】C句意:这个男人是如此的饥饿以至于连一句话都说不出来了。考查易混连词辨析。too……to太……而不能做某事;中间连接形容词或副词原形,后接动词原形组成动词不定式;enough to足够的……去做某事;前接形容词或副词原形后接动词原形组成动词不定式;so……that如此的……以至于……;中间连接形容词或副词原形,后接结果状语从句;such……that如此的……以至于……;中间接名词性质的短语后接结果状语从句。根据句中的hungry为形容词,结尾he can’t say a word结果状语从句。故选C。
2. You can hear ______________ much noise _____________ you can’t fall asleep at night.
A. too ; to B. enough ; to C. so ; that D. that
【点拨】C句意:你能听得见如此多的噪音以至于你在夜里都睡不着觉。考查易混连词辨析。too……to太……而不能做某事;中间连接形容词或副词原形,后接动词原形组成动词不定式;enough to足够的……去做某事;前接形容词或副词原形后接动词原形组成动词不定式;so……that如此的……以至于……;中间可以连接修饰数量多少的名词短语,后接结果状语从句;such……that如此的……以至于……;中间接名词性质的短语后接结果状语从句。根据句中的much noise为修饰数量多少的名词短语,结尾的结果状语从句。故选C。
3. They trained ___________ harder than before ____________ they could win the match.
A. too ; to B. so ; that C. such ; that D. / ; so that
【点拨】D 句意:他们比以前训练的更加刻苦目的是为了他们能赢得这场比赛。考查易混练习辨析。根据句尾的they could win the match是前面trained harder的目的,所有选择表示目的的连词。故选D。
4. 她说得那么快,我几乎听不清她所说的话。
She spoke ____________ fast ____________ I could ___________ hear what she said clearly.
【点拨】so that hardly
5.为了让大家可以明白,他说得很慢。
He spoke slowly ________ ________ everyone ________ ________.
【点拨】so that could understand
6. 我激动得睡不着。
I was ________ ________ ___________ I couldn’t fall asleep.
I was ________ ________ __________ fall asleep.
【点拨】so excited that too excited to
要点8 win ; beat ; lose
Beat vt. 打败…, 战胜…
beat sb 打败某人。其宾语是对手(人或团队), 即表示人的名词或代词.
win sth. 赢得某物。 其宾语是比赛(game)、奖品(prize)或战争(war)等, 即表示物的名词或代词.
lose:输掉;失败(及物动词+比赛、竞赛、游戏奖品或奖项之类的名词作宾语)
(不及物动词 + to+人或团队之类的名词)
【典例分析】
1.—Which team _______ the match, Team One or Team Two?
—Team One _______ Team Two.
A. won; won B. beat; beat C. beat; won D. won; beat
【点拨】D句意:哪一个队赢得了比赛的胜利,一队还是二队?——一队击败了二队。充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词;充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手,即指人或球队的名词或代词。故答案为D。
2. This year we trained harder, we shouldn’t ________________ to the other team.
A. win B. beat C. lose D. defeat
【点拨】C句意:今年我们训练的更加刻苦,我们不应该再输给另一个队伍了。考查易混动词辨析。win:赢;获胜(及物动词+比赛、竞赛、游戏、奖品或奖项之类的名词作宾语);beat:打败;击败(及物动词+人或团队之类的名词作宾语);lose:输掉;失败(及物动词+比赛、竞赛、游戏奖品或奖项之类的名词作宾语);根据to the other team;故选C。
3.我们赢了这场比赛/获得了第一名。
We ______ the match/game/race/the first place.
【点拨】won win赢;获胜(及物动词+比赛、竞赛、游戏、奖品或奖项之类的名词作宾语)
We ____________ Team A, so we ____________ the game at last.
【点拨】beat won beat sb打败某人。其宾语是对手(人或团队)。
要点9 cheer on:为……加油,喝彩
cheer on:为……加油,喝彩;是“动词+副词”的结构,要遵照“代词宾格放中间;具体名词放两边”
cheer up:振奋;不跟宾语,不用于被动语态。
cheer for:为……喝彩;为……鼓劲加油,但for为介词,后跟n./pron./v.-ing
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【典例分析】
1. Our team is going to win. Let’s ___________________.
A. cheer them up B. cheer them on C. cheer up them D. cheer on them
【点拨】B 句意:我们的对我马上就要获胜了。让我为他们欢呼喝彩吧。考查动词短语辨析及用法。cheer on:为……加油,喝彩;是“动词+副词”的结构,要遵照“代词宾格放中间;具体名词放两边”;cheer up:振奋;不跟宾语,不用于被动语态。;cheer for:为……喝彩;为……鼓劲加油,但for为介词,后跟n./pron./v.-ing;根据代词宾格放中间的用法及句意,故选B。
要点10 pleased
pleased adj 开心的, 满足的
pleasing adj 令人高兴的
pleasure un 令人高兴的事
be pleased with … 对…满意
?
【典例分析】
1.我们对于她的答复感到很满意。(完成句子)
We __________ __________ ___________ her answer.
【点拨】are pleased with
要点11 as early as we can
as early as we can = as early as possible 尽可能早地 “as … +原级… as sb can “ 尽可能…地
【典例分析】
1.请尽快回答我的问题。
Please answer my question ___________ _________ _________ __________ .
【点拨】as soon as possible
2.你能尽可能说得声音大一些吗?
Can you say it __________ ____________ ___________ ___________ __________?
【点拨】as loudly as you can
3 The farmers continued working without having a rest, because they wanted to get _______________.
A. as much as possible B. as much food as possible
C. as more food as they could D. as many food as they can
【点拨】B句意:这些农民继续不停的工作,因为他们想要获取尽可能多的食物。考查as…as possible搭配辨析。as…as possible中间通常连接形容词或副词原形,或者连接修饰数量多少的名词短语,因为food为不可数名词;故选B。
要点12 本模块的重点短语
1.一点也不;完全不 2.看起来累的
3.许多 4.喜欢做某事
5.看足球比赛 6.为…加油
7.对战, 迎战 8.热身
9.迟到? 10.课后练习
11.有个做某事的机会 12.赢得比赛
13.对…感到满意? 14.迷路
15.?依然;还是 16.?参加
17.?准备… 18.?在周末
【点拨】1.not at all 2. look?tired 3. plenty?of 4. enjoy?doing?sth. 5. watch the football match 6. cheer...on 7. play?against 8. warm?up 9. ?be?late?for 10. after-school?practice 11. have?a?chance?of?doing?sth 12. win?the?game 13. be?pleased?with 14. get?lost 15. all?the?same 16. take?part?in 17. be?ready?for 18. at?weekends
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知识要点二 语法
一、形容词的比较级(二)
单音节和部分双音节形容词在词尾加-er构成比较级,还有部分双音节形容词和多音节形容词,它们的比较级是在前面加more。
This dress is more beautiful than that one.
这条裙子比那条更漂亮。
二、副词的基本用法和副词比较级
1.副词的基本用法
一般来说,副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词。
Lingling plays the piano well.玲玲钢琴弹得很好。(修饰动词)
Staying at home is very safe.待在家里很安全。(修饰形容词)
(1)副词与形容词的区别
类别
位置
功能
例句
副词
位于行为动词之后,形容词或副词之前
做状语
Mr. Wang speaks very slowly王先生讲得很慢。
位于be动词之后
作表语
The meeting was over.会议结東了。
形容词
位于名词之前
?
作定语
?
She's a hard-working student. 她是一名学习努力的学生。
位于连系动词之后
作表语
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Everyone looks sad.大家看起来都很沮丧。
(2)副词与形容词的转化
许多副词都是在形容词词尾直接加-ly构成的;以-le结尾的形容词须去掉e再加y;以-y结尾的形容词须把y改为i再加-ly。如
quick-quickly(迅速的)careful-carefully(认真的)
possible-- possibly(可能) gentle→- gently(温柔地)
happy--happily(高兴地) easy- easily(容易地)
*ps: 在英语中有一部分形容词和副词词形是相同的。如:
early(adj.早的adv.早地);fast (adj.快的adv.快地);last(adj.最后的,最末的adv.最后,最末)
2.副词比较级
副词比较级的构成规则和形容词比较级构成规则大致相同,分为规则变化和不规则变化。
(1)副词比较级的规则变化一般在词尾加或在词前加more
Tony runs faster than his brother.托尼比他弟弟跑得快。
She does her homework more carefully than before. 她做家庭作业比以前更认真了
(2)常用形容词、副词比较级不规则变化
原级 比较级
good, well better
bad/ill, badly worse
many/much more
little less
far farther/further
(3)副词比较级的基本用法:
①形容词比较级用于系动词之后或名词之前,而副词比较级用于行为动词之后。
She got there earlier than I did.她比我到得早。(表示两者比较)
②形容词比较级的常用句型同样可用于副词比较级。
The harder you work, the more you'll get
你越努力,得到的就越多。(表示“越…越………”)
Mary plays the piano more and more beautifully.
玛丽钢琴弹得越来越好了。(表示“越来越…”)
【典例分析】
1.Do you think maths is ________ than English?
A.difficult B.as difficult C.more difficult D.difficultly
【点拨】本题是数学和英语两科目比较哪个更难,应用比较级。difficult是多音节词,应在其前加more构成比较级。故选C。
2.—The cake looks________.
—Yes,and it tastes even________.
A.well; good B.nice; better C.good; worse D.better; worse
【点拨】本题语境:这块蛋糕看起来很好,尝起来更好。第一个空考查look+adj.构成系表结构,第二个空有比较级的标志词even,good的比较级是better,故选B。
3. —What do you think of the film Lost in Thailand by Xu Zheng?
—It’s very ____. Many people like watching it.
A.boring B.funny C.funnier D.terrible
【点拨】此题可用标志词法解题。very是标志词,表示绝对概念, very后加形容词原级,由语境得知很多人喜欢看,排除A和D,故选B。
4.Learning will become much ________ if you find the proper way.
A.more easier B.easiest C.easy D.easier
【点拨】句意:如果你找到合适的方法,学习将会变得更容易。much是标志词,修饰比较级,easy的比较级是easier,故选D。
5. If everyone pours less polluted water into Dianchi Lake,it will be________.
A.deeper and deeper B.cleaner and cleaner C.dirtier and dirtier D.wider and wider
【点拨】比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……”。句意:如果每个人都少向滇池里排放污水,它将变得越来越清澈。故选B
6.The _____ ?we do for other people, the ?_____?we will be.?
A. much;happier? ? ? ?B. more;happy?? C. more;happier? ? ? ?D. most;happiest
【点拨】句意:我们为其他的人做的更多,我们就会越高兴。越...就越...即?the +?形容词比较级...;...the +形容词比较级...表示“越……就越……”,第一空用much的比较级是more。排除A、D;第二个空用happy的比较级happier。根据题意,故选?C。
7.Friendship is like a bottle of wine. ______ it is kept,________it will be.
A. The better; the longer B. The more; the better
C. The better; the more D. The longer; the better
【点拨】“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构表示“越……就越……”。句意:友谊就像一瓶葡萄酒,保存的时间越长越好。故选D。
8. Guo Yue did quite ______ at the World Table Tennis Championship,but Zhang Yining did even ______.
A.better;well B.well;well C.well;better D.better;better
【点拨】quite修饰原级,even修饰比较级,故排除A、B和D三项。
9. We can still do the work better with_____ time and______ people.
A. less; fewer B. less; less
C. fewer; less D. fewer; fewer
【点拨】A试题分析:句意:我们可以用更少的时间和人把工作做得更好。less较少的,修饰不可数名词;fewer较少的,修饰复数名词。Time是不可数名词;people是复数名词。所以选A。
10. —Peter is ________ than you, right?
—Yes ,but he runs ________ in our class.
A. heavier; fastest B. heavy; the fastest C. heavier; faster D. heavy; faster
【点拨】A句意:-Peter比你更重,对吗?-是的,但是他在我们班里跑得最快。heavier更重,是heavy的比较级形式;heavy重的;fast快;faster更快,比较级;fastest最快,是最高级形式。第一句话中有than表示两人相比,因此应用比较级;第二句话中in our class表示在我们班,应用最高级。故应选A。
知识要点三 【短文写作】
话题三、谈论自己喜欢的运动,爱好。
请你以“My Favorite Sport”为题写一篇文章向大家介绍自己最喜欢的运动。
My Favorite Sport
1: 直接点题,介绍自己的爱好。
2: 就自己的爱好发表自己的观点和看法。
3: 总结全文,表达自己的愿望。
My Favourite Sport
Of all the sports, I like table tennis best. It is very popular in China. To be healthy, many people play table tennis in their free time.
Table tennis is a kind of relaxing sport. It is very easy to learn and it is safer than other sports. I am good at playing table tennis. I often play table tennis with my friends in the school stadium at weekends or on holidays. For me, nothing is more enjoyable than playing table tennis.
There is a saying: “No sports, no life.” Playing table tennis makes me stronger, healthier, and brighter. I want to play table tennis at the Olympic Games one day.
谢谢
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