初中英语 重点单词(Unit 2 Great People lessons7~9)
学习目标:
1. 学习重点单词的读音及用法;
2. 能用单词组织正确的句子。
重难点:
重点:meaning; successful; survey; thought; produce
难点:meaning, successful的用法。
考情分析:
本单元中meaning, successful, allow等都是中考考查的知识点,常出现在单选、完形、词汇运用等题型中,分值在1~3分。
知识梳理:
一、单词领读
meaning n. 意思 Princeton
普林斯顿
dialogue n. 对话;对白 nuclear adj. 核能的
successful adj. 获得成功的 weapon n. 武器
survey v.& n. 民意调查 conclusion n. 结论
neighbor n. 邻居 false adj. 错误的;假的
universe n. 宇宙 peanut n. 花生
Albert Einstein
艾伯特·爱因斯坦 hybrid adj.
n. 杂交的
杂交植物/动物
lifetime n. 一生;终生 variety n. 变化;多样化
solve v. 解答;解决 introduction n. 采用;引进
theory n. 理论;学说 leader n. 领导者;领袖
relativity n. 相对性 production n. 生产;制造
Switzerland n. 瑞士 produce v. 出产;生产
pioneer n. 先锋;带头人 super adj. 优良的;超级的
Nobel
诺贝尔
二、重点单词
【单词学习】
1. meaning n. 意思
meaning用作名词,意为“意思,意义,含义”,指一个词、表情或一个手势所代表的含义。the meaning of…表示“……的意思/意义”。
meaning用作形容词,意为“有意义的,意味深长的”。
Can you explain the meaning of these foreign words?
你能解释这些外文词的意思吗?
What’s the meaning of +名词/名词短语?意为“……的意义是什么?”,用来询问of后名词或名词短语的含义。同义句有:
(1) What do you mean by …?
(2) What does … mean?
What’s the meaning of “happy”? = What do you mean by “happy”? = What does “happy” mean? “happy”的意思是什么?
同义句转换
What do you mean by “plant”?
What’s _______ _______ ________ “plant”?
答案:the meaning of
2. successful adj. 成功的
successful “成功的”,在句中可用作定语,也可用作表语;用作表语时,其后常跟介词in,可用very修饰。
He was very successful in his studies. 他在学业上很成功。
(1)success 名词“成功”,表示抽象意义的“成功”时,不可数;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”时,可数。如:
We were surprised by his success. 我们因他的成功而感到惊奇。
(2)succeed动词“成功;获得成功”,用作不及物动词时, 后面通常接“in+ n./v -ing”,如:
He succeeded in doing the experiment. 他实验成功了。
Wu Ming was ____________ in finding a new house.
A. success B. succeed C. succeeded D. successful
答案:D
思路分析:be successful in doing sth. 表示“成功做成某事”。
3. survey v. (对……做)民意调查
survey用作及物动词,意为“对……做民意调查”,后接名词或代词作宾语。
survey用作名词,意为“调查”,可构成固定搭配make a survey“进行调查”。
You should survey the situation before doing that.
在做那件事之前,你应该对形势做个调查。
Let’s make a survey about the fast food and home cooking.
让我们做一份关于快餐和家庭餐的调查。
make a survey on/about表示“做一个关于……的调查”,如:
Our teachers are making a survey about getting up early.
我们的老师正在做一个关于早起的调查。
We _____________ 100 students and found that most of them watch TV every day.
A. survey B. make a survey C. surveyed D. made a survey
答案:C
思路分析:根据found可知使用一般过去式,make a survey表示做调查;进行调查。
4. thought n. 思想
thought用作名词,意为“思想;想法”,deep in thought表示“陷入沉思”;have a thought of doing sth.表示“考虑做某事”。
Keep quiet. Father is deep in thought.
安静些,爸爸正在沉思。
thought用作动词时,是think的过去式和过去分词形式,意为“想;认为”,如:
He thought that it was a good idea. 他觉得这是个好主意。
I write down my __________ in the notebook. They are very important to me.
A. thought B. thoughts C. think D. thinks
答案:B
思路分析:形容词性物主代词my后须加名词,并且下句中they指代前面提到的,是复数,故选B。
5. produce v. 出产;生产
produce常用作及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语。过去式和过去分词形式相同,为produced。
That factory produces plenty of cars every day.
那个工厂每天生产大量汽车。
produce, product与production的用法区别:
(1)produce用作名词时,主要指农产品,是一个不可数的集合名词。如:
We need some fresh produce. 我们需要一些新鲜的农产品。
(2)product用作名词,主要指工业产品,也可指农产品,是可数名词。如:
Our car is a product of that factory. 我们的车是那个工厂生产的。
(3)production指生产这一动作或过程时,是不可数名词;表示作品时,是可数名词。如:
The company is famous for the production of small cars. 这家公司以生产小型汽车而闻名。
This book on education is his latest production. 这本论述教育的书是他的最新作品。
英语有大量名词是以-tion结尾的。而这些名词绝大多数是由动词后加-ion, -tion, -ation等后缀派生而生成的。如:
attract(吸引)—attraction; invent(发明)—invention
educate(教育)—education; graduate(毕业)—graduation;
operate(手术)—operation; introduce(介绍)—introduction
The introduction of this new _____________ made the country a leader in car ___________.
A. produce, product B. product, product
C. produce, production D. product, production
答案:D
思路分析:produce用作名词时,是集合名词,所以第一个空要填product,而第二个空强调的是汽车生产这一过程,所以用production。
即学即练:
1. What’s the _____________ of happiness?
A. mean B. means C. meaning D. meant
2. They were successful in ____________ a communication satellite.
A. launching B. launch C. to launch D. launched
3. Our teacher asked us _____________ our parents about their hobbies.
A. survey B. make a survey C. to survey D. to make a survey
4. He was ___________ thought so he didn’t hear her knocking the door.
A. deeply with B. deep with C. deeply in D. deep in
5. She said that factory ______________ this kind of engine in three weeks.
A. produce B. will produce C. produced D. would produce
答案:1~5CACDD
思路分析:
1. 句意“幸福的意义是什么?”the meaning of ……的意义,固定搭配。
2. 句意“他们成功地发射了一颗通讯卫星。”be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事。
3. 句意“老师让我们对父母的爱好做调查。”ask sb. to do 固定搭配,survey后可接名词或代词。
4. 句意“他陷入沉思中,所以没有听见她在敲门。”be deep in thought 深思;沉思。
5. 句意“她说那家工厂三周后将生产这种发动机。”根据said 和in three weeks 可知用过去将来时态。