外研版（三起）英语八年级上册重点单词Module 4 Planes, ships and trains 导学案（含答案）

初中英语 重点单词（Module 4 Planes, ships and trains）
知识梳理：
一、单词领读
road n. 公路 crowded adj. 拥挤的
accident n. 交通事故 all the time
一直，不断地
except prep. 除……之外 journey n. 旅行
choice n. 选择 book v. 预定
classmate n. 同班同学 park v. 停放（车）
far adj. adv. 遥远的 outside prep. adv.
n. adj. 在……之外，在外面，外部，外部的
far from
远离 however adv. 然而；但是
close adj. adv. 近的，接近地 cost v. n. 花费，成本
二、重点单词
【单词学习】
1. heavy ☆☆
【用法】
adj. 拥堵的
【例句】
There was a road accident, and the traffic was very heavy.
路上有事故，因而交通非常拥堵。
【拓展】
heavy除了“拥堵”之意外，还有如下含义：
adj. 沉重的
The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
箱子太沉了，我搬不动。
adj. （雨）大
They were caught in the heavy rain.
他们遇到了大雨。
It has been raining heavily for a day.
大雨下了一天。
【考题链接】
请判断heavy的词义
1. The bag is so heavy!
2. The snow is very heavy.
答案：前者表示沉重，后者是描述雪大。
思路分析：根据句子来进行判断。
2. worry ☆☆☆
【用法】
v. 担心
【例句】
Don’t worry, I will be careful.
别担心，我会小心的。
【拓展】
worry的搭配可以有worry about sth.，为某事而担心。但是大家一定要注意worry的过去式worried，因为这个词还可以解释为（形容词）“担心的”，所以我们可以有以下若干种搭配：
be worried about, worried about, be worrying about, worries about, worry about
这几种搭配都是正确的写法。
【考题链接】
请用worry的适当形式填空
1. At last we found you! Your mother _____________ about you now!
2. He often ___________ his study.
3. She is often _____________ her work.
答案：1. is worrying. 2. worries about. 3. worried about
思路分析：根据具体的句式来进行填写。
3. far ☆☆
【用法】
adj. adv. 遥远的，远
【例句】
He lives farthest from school, so he goes by bus.
他住的离学校最远，所以他坐公交车上学。
【拓展】
形容词比较级和最高级的相关变化方法总结如下：
1. 直接加er，est
tall – taller – tallest long – longer – longest hard – harder – hardest
2. 以字母e结尾的，加r或st
nice – nicer – nicest fine – finer – finest late – later – latest
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该字母，再加er，est
big – bigger – biggest thin – thinner – thinnest hot – hotter – hottest
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加er或est
busy – busier – busiest early – earlier – earliest easy – easier – easiest
5. 多音节的变化方法则是在词前加more或most
6. 特殊变法：
good / well – better – best bad / ill / badly – worse – worst many / much – more – most
little – less – least far – farther / further – farthest / furthest
【考题链接】
请把下面的形容词或副词进行比较级和最高级的变化
red, old, close, carefully
答案：red – redder – reddest, old – older – oldest, close – closer – closest, carefully – more carefully – most carefully
思路分析：根据变化规则变化即可。
4. across ☆☆
【用法】
prep. 穿过
【例句】
You can go across the North Sea by car or by boat.
你可以坐车或者坐船穿过北海。
【拓展】
across, through和over的区分
across表示从表面上穿过，through表示从内部穿过，over则表示不和物体表面接触而穿过。
【考题链接】
请用across, through和over填空
1. We should go __________ the road.
2. They went __________ the desert.
3. The river goes ___________ the town.
4. There is a bridge ____________ the river.
5. She goes ____________ the forest.
答案：1. across 2. across 3. through 4. over 5. through
思路分析：具体情况应该具体分析。
5. book ☆☆
【用法】
v. 预定
【例句】
Book your ticket before you book your hotel or a place to camp.
在你预定酒店或住处之前，预定好你的车票。
【拓展】
book还可以作为名词使用，翻译为“书”。
【考题链接】
请判断下面粗体词的词性。
1. Hand me your book.
2. You have to book a ticket.
3. Why not take a walk in the park.
4. They headed to the west.
5. She is watering some flowers in the garden.
答案：动词，动词，名词，动词，动词
思路分析：很多词能够根据句子的结构判断出来。
【即学即练】
翻译句子：
1. 他非常为我们担心。
2. 穿过大门，然后一直走。
3. 这个箱子不沉，很轻。
答案：
1. He worries about us a lot.
2. Go through the gate, and then walk along.
3. This box is not heavy, it is light.
思路分析：根据所学的词的内容加以运用。
同步练习：
（答题时间：15分钟）
一、Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below.
bad, close, comfortable, dangerous, expensive, far
1. Lingling lives ______________ to school, so she always walks.
2. Taking a taxi is ________________ and ________________ way to go to school.
3. Tony lives ______________________ from school.
4. The underground is ________________ way to go to school because it is so crowded.
5. ________________ way to go to school is by bicycle.
二、Complete the sentences with the words and expressions below.
road accident, crowded, except for, worst
1. _____________ going by bike, what is the best way for you to go to school?
2. What is the __________ way to go to school?
3. How often do you see a (n) ______________ on the way to school?
4. I don’t take the bus to school because it’s usually very ________________.
三、Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
choice, cost, however, journey, outside
There are four ways to get from London to Amsterdam, but my first __________ is to go by train because the __________ takes only four hours. ____________, it is quite expensive, and going by car and boat, or coach doesn’t _______________ as much as by train. When you go by car and boat, remember that parking in Amsterdam isn’t cheap, so it’s best to stay __________ the city centre and travel in by bus or train.
四、完形填空。
Mary has some friends. 1 Betty, Peter, Alice 2 Mike. Mary is the oldest 3 . Betty is thirteen years 4 . She is younger than Mary and older than Peter. Alice is nine and Mike is seven.
Betty and Peter are 5 runners. But Peter runs faster. Mary and Betty like to 6 . Mary plays better than Betty. Alice sings 7 of them. Mary and Betty study in a middle school. Alice and Mike study in a primary school. They 8 work hard at school. But Betty works 9 . Her handwriting is good, 10 .
1. A. They are B. It is C. There are D. We are
2. A. but B. or C. them D. and
3. A. in the five B. of five C. of the five D. for the five
4. A. older B. old C. oldest D. very old
5. A. best B. better C. well D. good
6. A. play basketball B. play a basketball
C. play the basketball D. play basketballs
7. A. good B. better C. best D. well
8. A. six B. all C. four D. both
9. A. hard B. harder C. very hard D. hardest
10. A. too B. two C. at D. also
答案：
一、1. the closest
2. the most comfortable; the most expensive
3. farthest
4. the worst
5. The most dangerous
二、1. Except for 2. worst 3. road accident 4. crowded
三、choice, journey, However, cost, outside
四、1-5 ADCBD 6-10 ACBDA