北师大版英语八年级上册重点单词Unit 3 Faster, Higher, Stronger Lesson 7 Time to Exercise导学案（含答案）

初中英语 重点单词（Unit 3 Faster, Higher, Stronger Lesson 7 Time to Exercise）
学习目标：
会拼读单词，掌握单词的基本含义。
掌握单词的基本用法，并能正确地使用。
重点难点：
重点：sick; joke; race ; record; large
难点：race的用法。
知识梳理：
一、单词领读
high jump 跳高 bit n. 少量；少许
long jump 跳远 a bit 稍微；有点儿
popular adj. 受欢迎的 sick adj. 想呕吐的；生病的
push-up 俯卧撑 active adj. 活跃的；积极的
sit-up 仰卧起坐 joke v. 开玩笑 n. 玩笑
race n. 赛跑 joke around 开玩笑，胡闹
rope n. 绳子 weak adj. 弱的，虚弱的
after-class 课下的 size n. 大小，尺寸
record n. 纪录；记录；唱片 average adj. 平均的
break the record 打破记录
二、重点单词
【单词学习】
1. sick adj. 想呕吐的；生病的
sick作形容词，常用的意思有三个。
（1）意为“病的”。此时sick同义词为ill, be sick = be ill。
Jack didn’t come to school, because he was sick ∕ ill.
杰克没来上学,因为他病了。
（2）意为“恶心的，想吐的”。
Please open the window, I feel a little sick.
请把窗户打开,我感觉有点恶心。
（3）意为“厌倦的”。常用句型为：be sick of ... 厌倦……，腻烦……
I am sick of reading the same book every day.
我厌倦每天都读同一本书。
Stop talking, I’m sick of you very much! Do you know?
别说了，我烦死你了！你知道吗?
ill和sick都有“生病的；有病的”之意，但用法并不完全相同。
ill表示“生病的；有病的”这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语；而sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如“病人”可以说a sick man 或the sick, 但不能说an ill man 或the ill。又如：She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。
She is looking after her sick father. 她在照顾她生病的父亲。
ill作定语修饰名词时是“坏的；邪恶的”之意。如：He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。
sick能作定语，修饰名词，表示“生病的”，但ill不能。如：一个生病的男孩，要说成 a sick boy, 而不能说成an ill boy。
*—Will you please sing for the at the city hospital to cheer them up?
—Certainly. I’ll be glad to.
A. ill B. sick C. patient D. lazy
答案：B
思路分析：the sick意为“病人”，故选B。
2. joke v. 开玩笑 n. 玩笑
（1）joke作名词，表示“笑话，玩笑”。
His joke made us scream with laughter.
他的笑话逗得我们哈哈大笑。
（2）joke作动词，表示“开玩笑，戏弄；闹着玩；说着玩”。
You must be joking. 你一定是在开玩笑吧。
play a joke on sb. 戏弄某人；对某人开玩笑。joke around 开玩笑。
The woman made her son laugh finally after she told him some .
A. joke B. jokes C. joking D. joke around
答案：B
思路分析：题意：tell sb. some jokes给某人讲了很多笑话。joke为可数名词，故选B。
3. race v., n. 赛跑
（1）race作动词，意为“赛跑”。
I’ll race you to the bus stop.
我要和你赛一赛，看谁先跑到汽车站。
（2）race用作名词，意为“赛跑”。
Every morning he spent two hours training for the race.
他每天早晨花两个小时练习赛跑。
race常与against连用，表示“和某人比赛，竞争”。
racer 名词，表示“赛车手”
*This is a close between the two competitors.
A. race B. run C. dash D. racing
答案：A
思路分析：题意：对于这两名选手来说，这是一场势均力敌的比赛。race可作名词，“比赛”，故选A。
4. record n. 纪录；记录；唱片
（1）record作名词，意为“纪录；记录；唱片”。
Try to keep a record of what you have done this week.尽量记录下来你本周所做的事情。
（2）record作动词，意为“记录；录音，录像”。
They were asked to record the time and place that they found the cards.
他们被要求记录下他们找到卡片的时间和地点。
常考名词record“记录”。
recorder 名词，“录音机；记录者”；recorder-breaker名词，“打破记录者”。
After hard training for a long time, Liu Xiang broke the again.
A. race B. record C. prize D. medal
答案：B
思路分析：break the record打破记录，故选B。
5. large adj. 大的； 大规模的
large为形容词，意为“大的，高大的，大量的”。
Los Angeles is the second largest city in the US. 洛杉矶是美国第二大城市。
辨析：big, large, great
large 特别强调远远超过标准的大，指体积、面积、容积、数量之大。 This coat is too large for me.
这件大衣对我来说太大了。
big 指具体事物的大小，强调比正常形体的标准大，既可用在普通场合，也可用在正式场合。它可用来指人的身材高大或“长大了”，还可表示“伟大”，“重要”之意。 Can you lift up this big stone?
你能举起这块大石头吗？
great 除了表示数量、体积之大外，又指抽象的程度，意味着伟大性，重要性，优越性；常用于抽象或无形的东西；用于有形的东西时，常带有“伟大”，“大得令人吃惊”等意思，含有一定的感彩。 China is a great country with a long history.
中国是一个有悠久历史的伟大国家。
*On the last day I made a decision.
A. big B. great C. large D. huge
答案：A
思路分析：a big decision一个很重要的决定，故选A。
即学即练：
*1. In the end, he decided to send the child to hospital.
A. sick B. ill C. illness D. sickness
答案：A
思路分析：sick作定语，修饰名词，表示“生病的”，故选A。
2. They dare not play a joke him in case he becomes angry.
A. to B. in C. on D. of
答案：C
思路分析：题意：他们不敢对他开玩笑,怕他发火。play a joke on sb. 对某人开玩笑。故选C。
**3. She will be racing some of the world’s top athletes.
A. for B. to C. against D. on
答案：C
思路分析：题意：她将与一些世界顶尖运动员进行比赛。race against，表示“和某人比赛，竞争”，故选C。
4. Liu Xiang won the first Olympic gold ____________ in the 110m hurdles for China.
A. medal B. prize C. symbol D. record
答案：A
思路分析：由题意“刘翔为中国赢得了第一块奥运会110米栏金牌”可知：用gold medal符合题意。
*5. He was one of the scientists.
A. biggest B. greatest C. largest D. great
答案：B
思路分析：题意：他是最伟大的科学家之一，one of +最高级。great有“伟大”之意，故选B。
同步练习：

（答题时间：15分钟）
一、根据提示写单词
1. “Mary” is a very （受欢迎的）name for a girl.
2. She has watched the （比赛）on video.
3. The teacher’s so （软弱）that the children do what they like.
4. Professor though he was, he took an （积极的）part in politics.
5. Roger Kingdom set the world （记录）of 12.92 seconds.
6. The mother sat by the （有病的）child all night long.
7. The young man has just set up a new national record in （跳高）.
二、写出下列单词的比较级形式
long old many much little badly happily
hot late smart interested outgoing easy difficultly
三、短文填空
to city five control heavy know take rapid large many
In 2005, the world’s population was about 6.5 billion. 1 than three billion people live in Asia now. That’s about half of the world’s population.
China has the 2 population than any other country in the world, and about one 3 of the people in the world live in China. Because of large population, there’s less living space for each family. And it’s difficult for lots of people to find jobs. The large population also causes many other difficulties for the whole nation. For example, we are short of energy and water. Most 4 are more crowded than before, and the traffic is much 5 . The large population has become a serious problem.
So far, our government 6 many measures to control the population. One is 7 as the one-child policy. It has worked well in 8 China’s population. Thanks 9 the policy, China is developing quickly and people’s living conditions are improving 10 . However, the population problem is still serious in China. We still have a long way to go.
答案：
一、根据提示写单词
1. popular 2. race 3. weak 4. active 5. record 6. sick 7. high jump
二、写出下列单词的比较级形式
longer older/elder more more less worse more happily
hotter later smarter more interested more outgoing easier
more difficultly
三、短文填空
1. More 2. larger 3. fifth 4. cities 5. heavier
6. has taken 7. known 8. controlling 9. to 10. rapidly