(共117张PPT)
Unit
2
The
environment
【文章导语】地球是我们赖以生存的家园,保护好地球,拯救我们的家园。让我们行动起来吧!低碳生活,从我做起。
The
earth
is
crying—low
carbon
living
Nowadays,“Low
carbon
living”
becomes
more
popular.Because
this
is
the
problem
that
we
have
to
face
today,and
why
will
we
have
a
“Low
carbon
living”?It’s
because
of
the
global1
warming.Humans
make
lots
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air,and
the
carbon
dioxide
will
break
the
ozone2
and
that
makes
the
sunlight
straight
shining
on
the
poles
on
Earth.This
makes
the
icebergs3
melt
quickly,and
the
sea
level
will
get
higher
and
higher,and
some
islands
will
disappear
because
of
this,like
Japan,Hawaii,Indonesia.So
low
carbon
living
can
make
the
global
warming
slower.
How
to
have
a
low
carbon
living?Well,saving
energy
is
very
important.We
can
walk
to
work,or
ride
bicycle,we’d
better
not
take
the
lift,we
can
also
use
less
napkins4
to
protect
the
forest
and
we
can
use
replace
air
conditioners.We
can
also
eat
less
meat,because
lamb
and
beef
are
also
the
things
which
make
green
house
gases,so
if
you
want
to
lose
weight,then
eat
more
vegetables!
If
the
companies
and
schools
all
over
China
can
carry
out
the
concept
of
low
carbon
living,we
will
save
over
one
million
tons
of
paper
every
year!And
you
can
make
use
of
the
“Earth
hour”
to
save
energy,turn
off
the
light
and
sit
quiet
to
get
a
rest
for
an
hour!That’s
also
a
very
good
way
to
protect
the
earth.
Low
carbon
living
is
beside
us,beside
everyone,so
now
let’s
get
moving!
美文翻译
地球在哭泣——低碳生活
当今,“低碳生活”变得日趋流行。因为这是我们当今必须面对的一个问题,那么为什么我们必须要低碳生活?这是因为全球变暖。人类向空中排放了大量的二氧化碳,这些二氧化碳将破坏臭氧,这使太阳光直接照射在地球两极,这使冰山快速融化,致使海平面上升,像日本、夏威夷和印度尼西亚这些岛屿也将因为全球变暖而消失,因此低碳生活可以减缓全球变暖的进程。
如何低碳生活?节省能源是很重要的。我们可以步行或骑自行车去上班。最好不要坐电梯。为了保护我们的森林,尽量少用餐巾纸。用扇子代替空调。我们也要少吃肉,因为羊肉和牛肉也能产生温室气体,所以,如果你想减肥,多吃蔬菜。
如果全中国的公司和学校都贯彻执行低碳生活的理念,我们每年将会节省一百万吨纸!你可以利用地球一小时活动来节约能源,关灯静坐休息一小时!这也是保护地球的一个好方法。
低碳生活就在我们身边,现在让我们行动起来吧!
词海拾贝
1.global
[??l??bl]
adj.
全球的
2.ozone
[???z??n]
n.臭氧
3.iceberg
[?aIsb???]
n.
冰山
4.napkin
[?n?pkIn]
n.餐巾纸
难句剖析
1.Because
this
is
the
problem
that
we
have
to
face
today,and
why
will
we
have
a
“Low
carbon
living”?
因为这是一个我们当今必须面对的一个问题,那么为什么我们必须要低碳生活?
because引导原因状语从句,that
we
have
to
face
today为定语从句。
2.We
can
also
eat
less
meat,because
lamb
and
beef
are
also
the
things
which
make
green
house
gases,so
if
you
want
to
lose
weight,then
eat
more
vegetables!
我们也要少吃肉,因为羊肉和牛肉也能产生温室气体,所以,如果你想减肥,多吃蔬菜。
句中because引导原因状语从句,which
make
green
house
gases为定语从句。
理解诱思
1.Which
one
of
the
following
does
not
belong
to
low
carbon
living?
A.To
ride
bicycle
to
work.
B.To
walk
stairs.
C.To
eat
vegetables.
D.To
use
air
conditioner.
2.As
a
student,what
can
you
do
to
reduce
pollution
and
protect
our
environment?
答案:D
答案:Different
answers.
Section
Ⅰ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
一、写作词汇
语境考查:预习reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—Do
you
think
he
performed
his
(职责)??
—I
don’t
think
so.
2.—I
don’t
know
if
you
are
(乐意)to
go
there
together
with
me??
—I’m
glad
to.
3.—Have
you
(用完)all
your
money??
—No,a
little
left.
4.—Do
you
always
put
(数量)before
quality??
—No,I
think
quality
is
very
important.
5.We
held
a
class
meeting
to
(辩论)on
whether
(商人)should
take
(负责)for
the
(环境)pollution.?
duty
willing
used
up/run
out
of
quantity
debate
businessmen
responsibility
environmental
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
二、阅读词汇
预习reading部分的词汇,完成下列小短文。写出画线部分的汉语意思。
My
father
is
an
economy
consultant
1.
of
a
state-owned
company.He
is
a
man
of
great
credit
2.
in
his
company.
Yesterday
the
company
held
a
free
talk
on
how
to
improve
its
efficiency
3.
and
increase
production
4. .The
general
manager
asked
all
the
people
present
to
open
the
floor
5.
for
it.When
the
spokeswoman
6.
asked
my
father
to
give
some
advice
on
it,he
held
the
belief
7.
that
the
company
should
cut
back
on
8.
its
production,improve
the
working
conditions,reduce
air
pollution
and
take
some
measures
to
recycle
9.
some
old
machines.Only
by
doing
these
does
the
company
come
to
its
life
10. .?
顾问
声望
效率
产量
自由发言
女发言人
看法
削减
回收利用
焕发生机
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
三、阅读课文The
economy
or
the
environment—must
we
choose?,选择正确答案。
1.Where
was
the
debate
held?
A.Over
the
radio.
B.On
television.
C.In
the
newspaper.
D.In
a
classroom.
2.What
does
Ms
Lin
Shuiqing
think
we
should
teach
people
about?
A.Expanding
our
recycling
industry.
B.Reducing
the
amount
of
things
we
make
and
buy.
C.Environmentally
friendly
ways
of
living.
D.Cutting
back
on
production.
答案:B
答案:C
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
3.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
the
situation
that
worries
people
according
to
Ms
Lin
Shuiqing?
A.Large
areas
and
many
plants
and
animals
are
being
damaged
by
industrial
waste.
B.Factories
produce
large
amounts
of
poisonous
chemicals
which
pollute
the
air
and
make
us
sick.
C.Many
sea
creatures
are
being
wiped
out
by
fishing
boats.
D.We
should
try
to
cut
back
on
production
and
reduce
the
number
of
things
we
make
and
buy.
答案:D
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
4.About
the
economy
and
environment,Mr
Qian
Liwei
agrees
with
Ms
Lin
Shuiqing
on
.?
A.that
a
healthy
environment
and
a
stable
economy
should
be
possible
at
the
same
time
B.that
the
economic
development
isn’t
bad
for
the
environment
C.that
the
number
of
things
we
produce
should
be
reduced
D.that
recycling
is
a
good
way
to
solve
the
problems
worrying
people
5.After
the
speech,what
may
be
accepted
by
people?
A.The
development
of
economy
and
the
preservation
of
the
environment
should
go
at
the
same
time.
B.The
environment
comes
before
the
economy.
C.The
economy
should
be
paid
more
attention
to
than
the
environment.
D.There
is
no
co-operation
between
the
governments.
答案:D
答案:A
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
四、下面是课文The
economy
or
the
environment—must
we
choose?原文的浓缩,仔细阅读并根据课文内容将其补充完整。
Vast
areas
of
the
world
are
damaged
by
chemical
waste.Many
places
have
been
destroyed
and
many
plants
1.
animals
have
died.This
is
awful.Factories
produce
large
2.
of
harmful
chemicals.The
waste
3.
they
create
goes
4.
the
atmosphere
and
makes
us
sick.Other
types
of
waste
flow
into
our
water,5.
river
and
sea
life.?
In
addition,much
sea
life
is
being
destroyed
by
fishing
boats.These
boats
catch
large
numbers
of
fish
6.
giving
them
time
to
lay
eggs.This
will
result
7.
a
smaller
number
of
fish
left
for
us
8.
eat
in
the
future.?
and
numbers
that/which
into
killing
without
in
to
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
While
we
damage
our
environment,we
keep
producing
more
and
more
people
who
need
more
land
to
live
9.
and
more
food
to
eat!The
world’s
population
has
grown
by
six
times
10.
it
was
in
1800.The
figure
is
now
about
7
billion
people!?
on
what
1
Today’s
debate
question
is,‘The
economy
or
the
environment—must
we
choose?’(Page
22)
我们今天辩论的话题是:“要经济还是要环境——我们必须作出抉择吗?”
★考点:debate
n.&vi.
辩论;争论;讨论
①They
will
hold
a
debate
on
whether
to
carry
on
all-round
reform.
他们将就是否进行全面改革而进行辩论。
②We
are
having
a
debate
about
this
topic.
我们正在就有关这个话题进行讨论。
③I
don’t
want
to
debate
my
opinions
with
you.
我不想就我的看法同你辩论。
④We
debated
on
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
the
plan
for
an
hour.
我们花了一个小时讨论这个计划的利与弊。
考点延伸?
debate
指正式的辩论,通常在一位仲裁人的主持下,按照一定的规则进行,双方各自申述理论。也可指比较激烈的争论、讨论。
argue
指说理、论证,侧重于摆出事实,试图说服对方,也可能激烈地交换意见,以致争吵。
discuss
是一个普通用语,程度较为缓和,意为“讨论,商讨,商
量”。
hold
a
debate
on
sth.就某事辩论,争论
have
a
debate
against
sb.和某人辩论
beyond/without
debate无可争论
be
under
debate
在讨论中
debate
sth.with
sb.同某人争论某事
debate
on
sth.争论有关某事
2
Then
we
will
open
the
floor
for
the
discussion.(Page
22)
之后我们将展开自由讨论。
★考点:open
the
floor自由发言
①After
a
short
explanation,the
teacher
opened
the
floor
to
the
questions.
简单解释之后,老师让学生自由讨论这些问题。
②I’ll
open
the
floor
to
answer
any
question
you
might
have.
欢迎大家自由提问,我来回答。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体短语的含义
③The
President
then
took
the
floor
and
answered
the
journalists’
questions.
总统随后讲话并回答了记者们的提问。
含义: ?
④Now,I
would
like
to
give
the
floor
to
Mr
He.
下面有请何先生。
含义: ?
⑤In
the
afternoon
I
managed
to
get
the
floor.
到了下午,我总算得到了发言的机会。
含义: ?
发表讲话
有请(某人)
获得发言权
open
the
floor
自由发言
take
the
floor
发表讲话(演讲)
give
the
floor
有请(某人)
get
the
floor获得发言权
fall
to
the
floor摔倒
3
The
world’s
population
has
grown
by
six
times
what
it
was
in
1800.(Page
22)
目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长了六倍。
★考点:...six
times
what...六倍于……
①This
factory’s
production
is
three
times
what
it
was
five
years
ago.
这家工厂的产量是五年前的三倍。
②The
population
of
Jiangsu
has
grown
to
more
than
twice
what
it
was
in
1949.
江苏的人口已增长至1949年人口的两倍多。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法
③It’s
said
that
the
power
plant
is
now
twice
as
large
as
what
it
was.
据说现在的这个发电厂是过去的两倍大。
④Our
classroom
is
three
times
bigger
than
yours.
我们的教室是你们教室的3倍大。
⑤The
newly-built
road
is
four
times
the
width
of
the
old
one.
新建的这条路是原来路的四倍宽。
⑥The
size
of
Asia
is
four
times
that
of
Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍大。
4
It
is
our
duty
to
try
to
cut
back
on
production...(Page
22)
尽力减少生产量……是我们的责任。
★考点一:duty
n.责任,义务,本分
①It’s
everybody’s
duty
to
keep
our
society
in
order.
维持社会秩序是每个人的义务。
②I
think
it
is
every
citizen’s
duty
to
work
hard
to
achieve
this
goal.
我认为努力实现这个目标是每个公民应尽的责任。
It
is
one’s
duty
to
do
sth.干某事是某人的职责。
do
one’s
duty尽自己的责任
on
duty
值班;上班
★考点二:cut
back
on减少,削减,缩减
③High
gas
prices
have
forced
many
car
owners
to
cut
back
on
the
amount
of
driving
they
do.
昂贵的油价致使很多有车族削减他们的汽车驾驶量。
④Try
to
cut
back
on
foods
containing
too
much
fat
and
sugar.
要尽量少吃脂肪和糖分含量过高的食物。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中cut构成的短语及含义
⑤The
doctor
told
me
to
cut
down
on
smoking.
医生让我减少吸烟量。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑥Hilversum
is
different
from
most
of
the
Netherlands
in
that
it
is
cut
off
from
big
cities.
希尔弗瑟姆不同于荷兰的大部分地方就在于它与大城市隔绝。
短语: 含义: ?
cut
down
on
削减
cut
off
切断,隔绝
⑦She
kept
cutting
in
on
our
conversation.
我们谈话时她老是插嘴。
短语: 含义: ?
⑧Her
eyes
are
red,because
she
has
been
cutting
up
peppers.
她眼睛发红,因为她一直在切辣椒。
短语: 含义: ?
cut
in
插话
cut
up
切碎
cut
down砍倒;削减
cut
in插嘴;超车
cut
off使隔绝;切断
cut
out(of
sth.)剪下,切去,戒除
cut
up
切碎;使悲伤;使难过
cut
away切除;砍掉
cut
across/through抄近路穿过
★考点三:production
n.生产;产量
⑨Daily
life
was
marked
by
farming,sheep
raising
and
wool
production.
日常生活以农业、养羊和羊毛生产为特点。
⑩The
production
of
eggs
has
increased
in
the
last
few
weeks.
鸡蛋产量近几个星期上升了。
考点延伸
production
指抽象的“生产,制造”或“产量”
produce
主要指农产品
product
指工业产品、产物
5
They
think
of
greedy
businessmen
hiding
from
their
responsibilities
and
only
worrying
about
money.(Page
23)
他们想到贪婪的商人,这些商人逃避责任,只关心钱。
★考点一:greedy
adj.贪婪的,贪心的
①There
is
no
peace
where
men
are
greedy.
在人们贪婪的情况下是永远不会有安宁的。
②The
greedy
boss
stopped
at
nothing
to
gain
profit.
贪心的老板为了攫取利润无所不为。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中greedy构成的短语及含义
③He
looked
at
the
shop
window
with
greedy
eyes.
他用贪婪的目光看着商店的橱窗。
短语: ?
含义: ?
④Do
not
be
greedy
for
windfalls
and
overdrink
yourself
either.
勿贪意外之财,勿饮过量之酒。
短语: ?
含义: ?
with
greedy
eyes
用贪婪的目光
be
greedy
for
对……贪婪(心)
⑤He
is
greedy
of
fame
and
gains.
他贪名图利。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑥He
is
a
person
who
is
greedy
to
gain
power.
他是一个渴望得到权力的人。
短语: ?
含义: ?
be
greedy
of
fame
and
gains
贪名图利
be
greedy
to
do
sth
渴望做某事
with
greedy
eyes用贪婪的目光
be
greedy
for
对……贪婪(心)
be
greedy
of
fame
and
gains贪名图利
be
greedy
to
do
sth.渴望做某事
★考点二:responsibility
n.责任,职责
⑦Students
must
clean
up
after
cooking.This
is
not
the
responsibility
of
housekeeping
staff.
学生做完饭后必须清理干净。这不是家政服务人员的责任。
考点延伸?
1)阅读下列句子,写出responsibility所构成的短语及含义
⑧You
should
have
responsibility
for
what
you’ve
done
and
said.
你应对你的所作所为负责。
短语: ?
含义: ?
have
responsibility
for
对……负责任
⑨We
need
to
take
responsibility
for
looking
after
our
own
health.
我们必须对自己的健康负责。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑩As
parents,they
should
take
on
responsibility
for
raising
their
children.
作为家长,他们应承担养育孩子的责任。
短语: ?
含义: ?
2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性,写出短语及含义
11
Who
should
be
responsible
for
the
accident
isn’t
clear.
谁该对此事故负责任还不清楚。
词性: 短语: ?
含义: ?
take
responsibility
for
对……负责任
take
on
responsibility
for
承担……责任(义务)
形容词
be
responsible
for
对……负责任
have
responsibility
for
对……负责任
take
responsibility
for
对……负责任
accept/shoulder/take
on
responsibility
for...承担……责任
escape/avoid
responsibility
for...逃避对……的责任
throw
responsibility
on...把责任推给……
a
sense
of
responsibility责任感
be
responsible
for
对……负责任
6
People
often
have
this
belief
that
development
is
bad
for
the
environment,but
this
does
not
have
to
be
true.(Page
23)
人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害,但这不一定是正确的。
句子剖析:that引导的同位语从句,是对前面名词belief的解释和说明。
★考点一:that引导同位语从句时,只起引导作用,不做任何成分,不可省略。
①My
father
made
a
promise
that
he
would
buy
me
an
iPhone
as
a
gift
if
I
passed
the
exam.
我爸爸许诺,如果我通过考试他就会给我买一部苹果手机。
②All
of
us
held
the
belief
that
our
team
would
win
the
match
at
last.
我们都一直坚信,我们队最终会赢那场比赛的。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出句中的从句是什么从句
③I
have
no
idea
when
he
will
come
back.
我不知道他何时回来。
when
he
will
come
back 从句?
④There
is
no
doubt
that
man
can
go
to
other
planets
besides
the
moon.
毫无疑问,人类除了月球之外还能去其他行星。
that
man
can
go
to
other
planets
besides
the
moon 从句?
⑤There
is
some
doubt
whether
the
answer
is
right.
这个答案是否正确值得怀疑。
whether
the
answer
is
right 从句
同位语
同位语
同位语
★考点二:belief
n.看法;信念
⑥One
traditional
belief
about
television
is
that
it
reduces
a
child’s
ability
to
think
and
to
understand
the
world.
有关对电视传统的看法就是电视降低了孩子的思考和理解世界的能力。
⑦Everyone
has
rights
to
have
religious
beliefs.
每人都有宗教信仰的权利。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中有关belief构成的短语及含义
⑧I
found
his
behavior
beyond
belief.
我发现他的行为不可信。
短语: 含义: ?
⑨The
man
has
a
strong
belief
in
God.
那个人信奉上帝。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑩He
came
to
me
in
the
belief
that
I
could
help
him.
他到我这里来,相信我能帮助他。
短语: ?
含义: ?
beyond
belief
无法令人相信
have
a
strong
belief
in...
坚信……
in
the
belief
that
相信……
beyond
belief无法令人相信
have
a
strong
belief
in...坚信……
in
the
belief
that...相信……
hold
a
firm
belief
that...坚信……
7
The
people
operating
these
factories
are
deeply
concerned
about
the
environment.(Page
23)
经营这些工厂的人对环境深表忧虑。
★考点一:operate
vt.&
vi.经营;动手术
①She
also
operates
a
website,where
she
shares
her
tips
and
recipes,...
她还经营了一家网站,在那里她分享她的建议和烹饪技巧,……
②The
doctor
decided
to
operate
on
the
patient
right
away.
医生决定马上给病人做手术。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出句中黑体词的词性及含义
③One
man
was
assigned
to
operate
each
section
of
roughly
10
jackscrews.
指派一个人来操作每个单元的大约十台螺旋千斤顶。
词性: 含义: ?
④Do
public
transport
services
operate
at
night?
公交系统夜间运营吗?
词性: 含义: ?
⑤The
operation
of
the
machine
is
simple
and
easy.
这台机器操作起来简单易行。
词性: 含义: ?
动词
操作,开动
动词
运行,运转
名词
操作
operate
on
sb.给某人动手术
operate
on
sb.for
some
disease因某种病为某人动手术
operation
n.操作,经营,手术
operator
n.操作员,接线员,经营者
★考点二:be
concerned
about...对……关心(切);对……担心
⑥She
is
concerned
about
the
result
of
the
experiment.
她关心这次实验的结果。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体部分的词性、构成的短语及含义
⑦The
news
concerns
your
hometown.
这则消息与你的家乡有关。
词性: 含义: ?
动词
关系到,与……有关
⑧His
illness
concerns
me
very
much.
他的病让我很担心。
词性: 含义: ?
⑨I’m
not
concerned
with
the
case.
我与那个案件没关系。
词性: 短语: ?
含义: ?
⑩As
far
as
I’m
concerned,he
is
unfit
for
the
job.
我个人认为,他不能胜任这项工作。
词性: ?
短语: ?
含义: ?
动词
使担心(关切)
形容词
be
concerned
with
与……有关系
形容词
as
far
as
one
is
concerned
据某人所知,某人认为
be
concerned
about/for对……担心/关心/挂念
be
concerned
with
与……有关系
show
concern
for/about关心,担心
as
far
as...be
concerned
就……而言,……认为
8
Ms
Lin
suggested
we
should
cut
back
on
the
quantity
of
things
we
produce
in
order
to
save
the
environment.(Page
23)
林女士建议我们为了拯救环境,应该削减生产数量。
★考点:quantity
n.
数量;量
①In
transactive
memory,people
change
the
quantity
of
information.
在交互记忆中,人们改变了信息的数量。
②There
is
a
small
quantity
of
water
left
in
the
bottle.
瓶子里还剩下少量的水。
③She
has
quantities
of
good
clothes.
她有许多好衣服。
考点延伸?
1)“a
large/small
quantity
of
+
不可数名词和可数名词复数”表示“大量的/少量的……”,也可以用“large/small
quantities
of
+不可数名词或可数名词复数”来表达。
2)a
quantity
of后接不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数;后接可数名词复数形式时,谓语动词用复数;而quantities
of后同样可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式,谓语用复数。
3)quality
n.质量,品质
④They
are
high
quality
foods.
它们是高品质的食品。
in
quantity
大量地;在数量上
quantities
of(=amounts/masses
of)大量的
a
large/small
quantity
of
大(少)量的
in
quality在质量上
of
high
quality
高质量的
9
However,I
do
agree
that
we
should
produce
more
things
from
materials
that
have
been
recycled,and...(Page
23)
但是,我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品……
★考点一:“助动词do(did/does)+动词原形”表示强调。
①He
does
know
the
place
well.
他的确很熟悉这个地方。
②He
did
come
here
yesterday.
昨天他确实来过。
③I
do
hope
you
have
a
merry
Christmas!
我衷心祝福你圣诞快乐!
④Do
be
careful
while
crossing
streets.
过街时务必要小心。
考点延伸?
1)使用这一强调句时应注意以下几点:
①可以用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”来表示强调(只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中)。
②did可以用来强调一般过去时的肯定谓语。do用来强调肯定祈使句和主语为第一人称、第二人称和第三人称复数的一般现在时的肯定谓语。does用来强调主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时的肯定谓语。
③用了did或does表示强调后,谓语动词必须用原形。
④此强调不可用于否定句中。
2)阅读下列句子,写出句中的强调句式
⑤It
was
in
the
park
that
I
met
my
girl
friend.
就是在那个公园里,我认识了我的女朋友。
强调句式: ?
⑥This
kind
of
apple
is
pretty
sweet.
这种苹果非常甜。
强调句式: ?
It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who
very/pretty+adj.
几种强调句式
do/did/does+动词原形
It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who...
very/pretty+adj.
★考点二:recycle
vt.回收利用
⑦Even
when
the
machines
are
recycled
and
harmful
metals
removed,the
recycling
process
often
is
carried
out
in
poor
countries,...
甚至当机器在回收利用时,有害的金属被剥离出来,这一回收过程常常发生在贫穷国家,……
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出句中黑体部分的词性及含义
⑧The
boss
often
uses
the
recycled
paper
to
type
his
papers.
老板常用再生纸打印文件。
词性: 含义: ?
⑨Recycling
is
important
to
help
protect
our
environment.
回收利用对保护我们的环境很重要。
词性: 含义: ?
⑩Old
clothes,steel,glasses
and
paper
are
recyclable
resources.
旧衣服、钢、玻璃、纸张都是可回收利用的资源。
词性: 含义: ?
形容词
可再生的
名词
回收
形容词
可回收的
10
...I
find
many
people
willing
to
pay
a
little
higher
price
for
things
that
are
friendly
to
the
environment.(Page
23)
……我发现许多人都愿意支付稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。
★考点:willing
adj.
愿意的,乐意的
①The
author’s
father
can
be
best
described
as
a
participant
willing
to
share
his
knowledge.
作者的爸爸最恰当地被描述为一位乐于分享其知识的参与者。
②Are
you
willing
to
accept
responsibility?
你愿意承担责任吗?
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义
③And
Athenians
willingly
obeyed
the
written
laws
which
they
themselves
passed,...
雅典人乐意遵守他们自己制定的书面法律,……
词性: 含义: ?
④The
children
were
unwilling
to
turn
off
the
TV
and
go
to
bed.
孩子们很不情愿关上电视,上床睡觉。
词性: ? 含义: ?
⑤He
indicated
his
willingness
with
a
nod
of
his
head.
他点头表示愿意。
词性: 含义: ?
⑥He
has
such
a
strong
will;he
won’t
do
what
we
say.
他意志相当坚强,不会按我们说的去做。
词性: 含义: ?
副词
乐意地
形容词
不情愿的
名词
愿意
名词
意志(愿)
willing
adj.愿意的,乐意的
be
willing
to乐意……
will
n.
意志,决心;遗嘱 modal
v.愿意
unwilling
adj.
不愿意的
willingly
adv.愿意地,乐意地
willingness
n.情愿;乐意
11
Just
keep
in
mind
that
you
should
not
make
a
final
decision
until
you
have
read
or
listened
to
both
sides
and
understood
all
of
the
arguments
made
by
each
side.(Page
23)
记住:直到你读了或听了双方的辩论,并且明白了双方的辩词,你才能得出一个最终结论。
★考点:not...until...直到……才……
①Bach
died
in
1750,but
his
musical
gift
was
not
fully
recognized
until
the
early
19th
century.
巴赫死于1750年,但直到19世纪早期,他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。
考点延伸?
1)在until引导的时间状语从句做状语的句子中,主句谓语动词如果是延续性动词,则用肯定句;如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词,则用否定句。
②She
stayed
awake
until
her
mother
came
back.
=She
didn’t
go
to
bed
until
her
mother
came
back.
直到她妈妈回来,她才睡觉。
③There
is
one
more
day
to
go
until
your
favourite
music
group
play
live.
还有一天就到你最喜欢的乐队现场演出了。
2)until用于否定句时,构成“not...until...”结构,表示“直到……才……”,此时常用于强调句型与倒装句型中。强调句型的基本结构为“It
is/was
not
until...that...”
④It
was
not
until
near
the
end
of
the
letter
that
she
mentioned
her
own
plan.
直到信的结尾她才提到自己的计划。
3)当not
until位于句首时,主句用部分倒装语序。
⑤Not
until
he
went
through
real
hardship
did
he
realize
the
love
we
have
for
our
families
is
important.
直到他经受了真正的苦难时,他才意识到我们对家人的爱才是重要的。
12
There
is
no
debating
that
we
also
have
a
problem
with
population.(Page
25)
无可争辩,我们还存在人口问题。
★考点:There
is
no
debating
that...无可争辩……
①There
is
no
debating
that
the
Dallas
Mavericks
will
defeat
the
Washington
Wizards
in
the
next
game.
无可争辩的是,在下场比赛中,达拉斯小牛队会击败华盛顿奇才队。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中There
is
no
v.-ing含义?
②There
is
no
saying
when
he
will
come
back.
很难说他何时回来。
There
is
no
saying... 含义: ?
很难说……
③There
is
no
denying
that
the
new
method
has
greatly
increased
the
production.
不可否认,新方法大大提高了产量。
There
is
no
denying... 含义: ??
④There
is
no
knowing
whether
we
will
be
able
to
get
enough
raw
materials.
还不知道我们是否能得到足够的原材料。
There
is
no
knowing... 含义: ?
⑤There
is
no
joking
about
such
things.
这种事开不得半点玩笑。
There
is
no
joking... 含义: ?
不可否认……
不知道……
……开不得玩笑
There
is
no
doing
为一个固定的句型结构,后面可接介词短语或从句,意思由doing的具体内容而定。
There
is
no
saying...没法说/说不准……
There
is
no
denying...不可否认……
There
is
no
knowing...没法知道……
There
is
no
joking...……开不得玩笑
There
is
no
telling...不可能知道……
13
The
number
of
people
in
the
world
keeps
growing,and
we
are
producing
more
rubbish
and
using
up
more
raw
materials.(Page
25)
世界人口数目在持续增长,我们正在制造更多的垃圾和用尽更多的原材料。
★考点:use
up用尽
①Don’t
use
up
all
the
soap.Leave
me
some
to
wash
with.
不要用完肥皂,给我留点用。
②We
shouldn’t
use
up
all
the
resources
of
the
world.
我们不应耗尽世界上所有的资源。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中有关use构成的短语及含义
③When
did
the
umbrella
come
into
use?
雨伞是什么时候开始被使用的?
短语: ?
含义: ?
④To
be
a
good
learner,you
must
make
full
use
of
library
books.
要成为擅于学习的人,你必须充分利用图书馆里的书籍。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑤Turn
off
everything
not
in
use:lights,TVs,computers.
关掉所有不用的电器:灯、电视和电脑。
短语: 含义: ?
come
into
use
开始被使用
make
full
use
of
充分利用
in
use
在使用中
use
up
用完,用尽
come
into
use开始被使用
make
full
use
of
充分利用
in
use在使用中
It
is
no
use
doing
sth.做某事没有用。
14
What
if
they
run
out?(Page
25)
如果它们用尽了怎么办?
★考点一:what
if是一个固定短语,常用来表达疑问,后面跟一个陈述句,意思是“如果……怎么办?倘若……将会怎么样?”
①What
if
he
objects
to
our
plan?
万一他反对我们的计划怎么办?
②“What
if
we
invited
them
to
come
here
for
a
party
instead?”Dario
asked.
达里奥问道:“如果我们邀请他们来这里参加晚会怎么样?”
考点延伸?
1)What
for?为什么?目的是什么?
③—I’m
going
to
Paris.我要去巴黎。
—What
for?为什么?
2)So
what?那又怎么样?(认为某事无关紧要,尤其用于反驳他人的指责时)
④—He
is
fifteen
years
younger
than
you.
——他比你小十五岁呢。
—So
what?
——那又怎么样?
⑤So
what
if
nobody
else
agrees
with
me?
就算没有人赞成我的意见,那又怎么样?
3)How
come...?……怎么回事?(用于表示不理解情况是如何发生的,希望得到解释)
⑥How
come
you
are
so
late?
你怎么来得这么晚?
★考点二:run
out(of)用完,耗尽
⑦In
the
future,care
for
the
environment
will
become
very
important
as
earth’s
natural
resources
run
out.
在未来,爱护环境将会很重要,因为地球上的资源将濒临枯竭。
⑧My
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
the
beach
because
it
had
run
out
of
petrol.
在去海滩的路上,我的车因汽油耗尽而抛锚了。
考点延伸
run
out
用完,用尽。不及物动词短语,无被动形式,其主语通常为时间、金钱、食物等名词。
run
out
of
用完,用尽。及物动词短语,表示主动含义,主语一般是表示人的名词或代词,有被动形式。
use
up
用尽,用完。及物动词短语,可用于被动语态中。
give
out
用尽;筋疲力尽。不及物动词短语,没有被动形式。
We
went
on
a
journey
to
Jiuzhaigou
last
week.It
took
us
twenty
hours
to
drive
there
in
our
car.We
gassed
up
the
car
in
case
petrol
ran
out,because
it
was
a
long
distance.But
on
half
way
we
ran
out
of
the
petrol
and
we
had
to
gas
up
again.Unhappily,we
used
up
all
our
money,so
we
had
to
phone
our
friend
to
help
us.When
we
ended
the
journey,our
strength
gave
out.Tired
out
as
we
were,we
had
a
good
time.
上周我们去九寨沟旅行,开车二十小时到达那里。因为距离比较远,我们给车加满油免得汽油耗尽。但是,半途中我们的汽油用完了,我们不得不再加油。
不幸的是,我们的钱花光了,所以不得不给朋友打电话帮忙。当我们结束旅行时,我们已筋疲力尽。虽然很累,但我们玩得很尽兴。
run
across偶然遇到
run
into偶遇;无意中碰到
run
after追求;追赶
run
through浏览;快速读一遍(共23张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage
Verb-ing
一、指出画线部分v.-ing在句中的成分
1.People
working
in
that
bank
are
well
paid.( )?
2.The
nightmare
I
had
last
night
was
very
frightening.( )
3.I
heard
someone
playing
the
violin
in
the
next
room.( )?
4.The
poor
man
sat
by
the
road,begging.( )
5.They
often
communicate
with
each
other,using
English.( )?
6.Seeing
the
big
snake,the
girl
was
almost
frightened.( )?
7.Having
waited
in
the
line
for
half
an
hour,he
suddenly
realized
that
he
left
his
wallet
at
home.( )?
定语
表语
宾语补足语
伴随状语
方式状语
时间状语
时间状语
8.Not
knowing
what
to
do
next,he
turned
to
the
teacher
for
help.( )?
9.His
parents
died
in
the
war,leaving
him
alone
in
the
world.( )?
10.Putting
more
salt
into
the
soup,you
will
find
it
more
delicious.( )?
原因状语
结果状语
条件状语
二、用所给的动词的适当形式填空
1. (not
make)full
preparations,we
decided
to
put
off
the
meeting
till
next
week.?
2.European
football
is
played
in
80
countries, (make)it
the
most
popular
sport
in
the
world.?
3. (believe)the
earth
to
be
flat,many
feared
that
Columbus
would
fall
off
the
edge
of
the
earth.?
4. (grow)all
over
the
hills
and
around
the
lake
are
wild
flowers
of
different
kinds.?
5.He
sent
me
an
email, (hope)to
get
further
information.?
Not
having
made
making
Believing
Growing
hoping
6.Suddenly,a
tall
man
driving
a
golden
carriage
seized
the
girl
and
took
her
away, (disappear)into
the
woods.?
7. (work)hard,you
will
succeed
one
day.?
8.The
fish
can
eat
a
person
in
two
minutes, (leave)only
the
bones.?
9.Americans
like
travelling, (drive)their
cars.?
10. (be)a
student,I
must
work
hard.?
disappearing
Working
leaving
driving
Being
三、用Verb-ing完成下列句子
1.The
man
(图中跑步的)is
Li
Hua.?
2.I
heard
the
girl
(在唱英语歌)in
the
next
room.?
3. (听到那不幸的消息),they
couldn’t
help
crying.?
4. (如此生气),he
couldn’t
go
to
sleep.?
5.They
came
into
the
classroom, (有唱有笑的).
running
in
the
picture
singing
an
English
song
Hearing
the
bad
news
Being
so
angry
singing
and
laughing
6.A
cook
will
be
immediately
fired
if
he
is
found
(发现在厨房吸烟).?
7.While
(在看电视),we
heard
the
doorbell
ring.?
8. (由于没完成那项任务),they
have
to
stay
there
for
another
two
weeks.?
9.The
secretary
worked
late
into
the
night,
(为总统准备演讲).?
10.The
boy
fell
off
the
tall
tree, (腿摔断了).
smoking
in
the
kitchen
watching
TV
Not
having
finished
the
task
preparing
the
speech
for
the
president
breaking
his
legs
★考点一:基本概念
现在分词是非谓语动词的一种,它兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带有宾语或状语,现在分词和宾语或状语一起构成现在分词短语。
★考点二:时态和语态
时态
主动
被动
一般时
doing
being
done
完成时
having
done
having
been
done
1)从时态来看,现在分词分为一般时和完成时,一般时表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行,完成时所表示的动作则在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成。
The
sun
began
to
rise
in
the
sky,bathing
the
mountain
in
golden
light.
太阳从空中升起,山脉沐浴在金色阳光之下。
Having
worked
for
two
days,Steve
managed
to
finish
his
report
on
schedule.
工作了两天之后,斯蒂夫设法按时完成了报告。
2)现在分词的被动式表示一个被动动作,这个动作正在进行,或是与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时也用完成被动形式。
The
meeting
being
held
is
very
important.
正在举行的会议非常重要。
Having
been
bitten
by
a
snake,she
was
frightened
at
it.
被蛇咬了之后,她见到蛇就害怕。
★考点三:句法功能
现在分词在句中可以做定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1.做定语
现在分词如果是单个词,往往放在被修饰词前;如果是分词短语,则放在被修饰词后。
Upon
hearing
the
exciting
news,they
jumped
with
great
joy.
一听到那令人兴奋的消息,他们高兴地跳起来。
Last
night
there
were
millions
of
people
watching
the
opening
ceremony
live
on
TV.
昨晚有上百万的人看电视上直播的开幕式。
考点延伸?
不定式、过去分词、现在分词和动名词做定语的区别
这三种形式做定语,主要是体现在动作发生的时间上。
1)现在分词做定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
2)过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,或是没有一定的时间性。
3)不定式的被动式做定语时,表示一个未来的动作。
4)动名词做定语是对所修饰词的解释和说明。
Don’t
wake
up
the
sleeping
boy.
不要吵醒那个正在睡觉的男孩。
There
lies
a
broken
vase.
那里有一个打坏的花瓶。
There
is
a
lot
of
work
to
do
today.
今天有很多工作要做。
There
is
a
swimming
pool
in
our
school.
我们学校有一个游泳池。
2.做表语
现在分词做表语,多表示主语所具有的特征,一般跟在连系动词be,get,become,look,sound,feel,keep,remain,grow,seem等后面。
The
math
problem
seems
puzzling.
这道数学题令人迷惑不解。
The
story
is
moving.
故事很感人。
现在分词做表语,常见的有exciting,interesting,disappointing,shocking,discouraging,puzzling,confusing,amusing等。
考点延伸?
不定式、动名词和分词做表语时的区别
1)不定式和动名词做表语相当于一个名词做表语,含义是回答主语“是什么”;分词做表语相当于形容词做表语,含义是回答主语“怎么样”。不定式做表语表示具体、一次性、将要发生的动作;动名词做表语强调的是抽象性、经常发生的动作。
2)现在分词和过去分词做表语都是说明主语“怎么样”。现在分词说明主语的特征,而过去分词说明主语的状态。
Our
plan
is
to
keep
the
affair
secret.
我们的计划是让这事成为秘密。
Their
job
is
making
wheelchairs
for
disabled
people.
他们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。
The
music
they
are
playing
sounds
exciting.
他们演奏的音乐听起来令人兴奋。
The
painting
remains
unfinished.
画仍未完成。
3.做宾语补足语
现在分词做宾语补足语,常用于see,keep,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen
to,notice,leave,get等动词后,表示动作正在发生,即处于发生的过程中,还没有结束,或者表示使处于某种状态。
They
caught
Tom
smoking
in
the
workshop
and
dismissed
him.
他们发现汤姆在车间吸烟,把他开除了。
Listening
to
music
at
home
is
one
thing,going
to
hear
it
being
performed
live
is
quite
another.
在家听音乐是一回事,到现场听又是另一回事。
考点延伸?
分词、不定式做宾语补足语的区别
1)感官动词see,watch,observe,look,hear,listen
to,notice等和使役动词have后面的宾语补足语有三种形式,即原形动词(不带to的不定式)、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成,动词原形表主动和完成。
2)不定式、现在分词做宾语补足语
下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to的不定式做补语,但在被动语态中要加上to,它们是“五看三使两听一感觉”——五看(look,see,watch,notice,observe);三使(make,let,have);二听(listen
to,hear);一感觉(feel)。以上动词还可用现在分词做宾语补足语,即以上动词除let,make外都可以用现在分词做宾语补足语,此外find,catch,keep,have也可以用现在分词做宾语补足语。
Let
those
in
need
understand
that
we
will
go
all
out
to
help
them.
让那些需要帮助的人明白,我们将尽全力帮助他们。
He
observed
a
stranger
hanging
around
the
store.
他看到一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。
Back
from
his
two-year
medical
service
in
Africa,Dr.Lee
was
very
happy
to
see
his
mother
taken
good
care
of
at
home.
在非洲医疗援助两年回来后,李医生很高兴见到妈妈在家被照顾得很好。
4.做状语
现在分词做状语,表示原因、时间、方式、伴随、条件、结果、让步等,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,必须与句子主语有逻辑上的主谓关系,用分词表示的动作是次要动作。
(1)表原因
Being
ill,she
didn’t
go
to
school
today.
今天她生病了,所以没去上学。
Not
knowing
which
university
to
attend,the
girl
asked
her
teacher
for
advice.
由于不知道上哪所大学,那女孩征求老师的意见。
(2)表时间
Walking
in
the
street,I
saw
a
friend
of
mine.
我走在街上时,遇见了我的一个朋友。
Having
spent
the
past
year
as
an
exchange
student
in
Hong
Kong,Linda
appears
more
mature
than
those
of
her
age.
作为一名交换生在香港待了一年后,琳达表现得比她的同龄人更为成熟。
(3)表方式
We
eat
using
chopsticks.
我们用筷子吃饭。
Like
ancient
sailors,birds
can
find
their
way
using
the
sun
and
the
stars.
像古代的水手一样,鸟能利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。
(4)表伴随
He
sat
at
the
table,reading
newspapers.
他坐在桌子旁边看报纸。
The
park
was
full
of
people,enjoying
themselves
in
the
sunshine.
这个公园挤满了人,在阳光下他们玩得很尽兴。
(5)表条件
Working
hard,you
will
succeed.
努力工作,你就会成功。
Turning
to
the
left,you
will
find
the
path
leading
to
the
park.
向左转,你将会找到通向公园的小道。
(6)表结果
His
father
died,leaving
him
a
lot
of
debt.
他的父亲去世了,给他留下了一身债务。
The
child
fell,striking
his
head
against
the
door.
那小孩摔了一跤,头碰到了门。
(7)让步状语
Weighing
almost
one
hundred
jin,the
stone
was
moved
by
him
alone.
虽然那块石头重达一百斤,他一个人就把它挪动了。
Hoping
to
get
the
toy,the
boy
had
no
money
to
buy.
尽管那男孩想得到那个玩具,但他没钱买。
5.有些现在分词,不受上下文的影响,它们被称作独立成分。如generally/frankly
speaking,judging
from,considering,talking
of...
Judging
from
his
accent,he
is
from
the
south.
从口音判断,他来自南方。
6.独立主格结构中的现在分词。现在分词做状语时与后面的主语没有逻辑上的主谓关系,有自己的主语。
Time
permitting,I
will
go
there
to
see
you.
如果时间允许的话,我会去那里看你的。
His
lecture
having
been
given,a
lively
question-and-answer
session
followed.
他的演讲结束后,将有一个现场回答环节。
★考点四:现在分词的否定形式
现在分词的否定形式由“not+现在分词”构成。完成式的否定形式将not置于having之前。
Not
knowing
what
to
do
next,she
went
to
her
father
for
help.
她不知道下一步该干什么,就去请她爸爸帮忙。
Not
having
received
his
reply,I
rang
him
again.
没有收到他的答复,我又给他打了一次电话。(共108张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Task
&
Project
一、写作词汇
语境考查:预习Task
&
Project部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—What
are
the
farmers
doing
in
the
field?
—They
are
getting
in
the
(庄稼).?
2.—How
shall
we
deal
with
the
problem?
—In
my
opinion,we
should
take
strict
(措施)to
stop
it.?
3.—If
(气候)changes
continue,we
will
suffer
the
consequences.?
—I
can’t
agree
more.
crops
measures
climate
4.—What’s
wrong
with
the
machine?
—It
doesn’t
work.I
think
it
lies
in
the
(发动机)of
the
car.?
5.At
the
conference
the
experts
put
forward
a
(系列)of
problems, (尤其),environmental
problem.During
this
(十年)we
focus
our
attention
on
economy
development,ignoring
the
environmental
protection.Thus
a
lot
of
serious
problems
happen,such
as
a
lot
of
rich
(土壤)being
washed
away, (洪水泛滥).They
(赞赏)the
government’s
policy
about
the
environmental
protection.
engine
range
in
particular
decade
soil
flooding
appreciate
二、阅读词汇
预习reading部分的词汇,完成下列小短文。写出画线部分的汉语意思。
From
satellites
1.
in
space,we
can
see
that
the
forests
on
the
earth
are
decreasing
2.
year
by
year.Typhoons
3.
attack
our
living
areas,so
our
environment
is
becoming
more
and
more
terrible.We
must
take
quick
action
to
protect
our
environment.
Ecological
conservation
4. is
of
the
most
importance
and
we
have
to
take
measures
to
prevent
people
from
the
illegal
5.
hunting
of
the
wild
animals
and
cutting
down
the
trees.We
wish
our
government
administrations
6.
to
take
their
responsibility
for
protecting
our
living
environment.From
today
on,fewer
and
fewer
electrical
7.
plants
will
be
built
to
reduce
人造卫星
减少
台风
保护
非法的
管理部门
电的
carbon
dioxide
emissions
8.
.With
regard
to
9.
every
citizen,we
should
do
our
part
10.
to
protect
our
environment.We
should
live
a
low
carbon
life,for
example,riding
to
work.?
二氧化碳排放
至于
尽职尽责
三、阅读下列句子,翻译画线短语意思
1.Come
and
queue
up,children.Let’s
go
to
the
theater.?
2.Please
pick
out
the
bad
tomatoes
from
the
basket.?
3.The
research
project
has
only
been
under
way
for
three
months,so
it’s
too
early
to
evaluate
its
success.?
4.With
regard
to
housework,my
mother
always
argues
with
my
father.?
5.The
janitor
let
off
some
steam
because
the
pressure
was
too
high.?
答案:排队等候
答案:挑出
答案:进行中
答案:关于,至于
答案:排放
6.I
am
interested
in
stories
in
general,and
in
detective
stories
in
particular.?
7.The
president
asked
every
citizen
to
do
his
part
in
defending
their
motherland.?
8.The
dissatisfaction
of
the
workmen
resulted
in
a
strike.?
9.Time
is
an
important
consideration
in
this
case.?
10.The
article
covered
a
wide
range
of
topics.?
答案:尤其,特别
答案:尽职尽责
答案:
导致
答案:在这种情况下
答案:
一系列的,广泛的
四、语篇阅读
Ⅰ.阅读“Protecting
the
Yangtze
River”完成下列各题
1.What
environmental
problems
does
the
Yangtze
River
have?
A.The
waste
being
put
back
into
the
river
is
increasing.
B.The
water
is
unsafe
to
drink.
C.The
waste
in
the
river
endangers
the
fish
and
wildlife
living
in
or
along
the
river.
D.All
of
the
above.
答案:D
2.What
measures
has
the
government
taken
to
protect
the
Yangtze
River?
A.Many
people
have
realized
the
importance
of
protecting
the
river.
B.Some
governmental
organizations
and
projects
have
been
set
up.
C.The
government
has
made
laws
to
protect
the
Yangtze
River.
D.Both
B
and
C.
3.Which
of
the
following
doesn’t
belong
to
the
things
that
the
organizations
and
projects
do
to
protect
the
Yangtze
River?
A.Educating
people
on
the
importance
of
protecting
the
river.
B.Watching
the
river
and
stopping
the
illegal
hunting
of
animals.
C.Assessing
the
river
and
trying
to
work
out
possible
solutions
to
many
problems.
D.Replacing
the
crops
on
the
farmland
with
trees
and
grassland.
答案:B
答案:C
4.Which
of
the
following
statements
about
the
Yangtze
River
is
TRUE?
A.We
still
have
to
do
many
things
to
protect
the
Yangtze
River.
B.All
people
have
realized
the
importance
of
protecting
the
Yangtze
River.
C.The
environmental
situation
of
the
Yangtze
River
has
improved
well.
D.Only
the
people
who
have
worked
for
the
protection
can
appreciate
our
work.
答案:A
Ⅱ.阅读“Climate
change
and
a
low-carbon
life”并选择正确答案
1.What
activity
will
not
let
off
carbon
gases?
A.Breathing.
B.Burning
something.
C.Driving
a
car.
D.Riding
a
bike.
2.To
help
decrease
carbon
gases,one
should
.?
A.not
travel
long
distance
B.never
travel
alone
C.always
walk
or
ride
a
bike
D.use
as
little
energy
as
possible
答案:D
答案:D
3.What
is
the
best
way
to
use
energy?
A.Never
turning
on
the
lights.
B.Recycling.
C.Making
things
by
hand.
D.Never
throwing
things
away.
4.By
planting
trees,we
will
.?
A.breathe
in
fresher
air
B.get
a
forest
C.stop
letting
off
carbon
gases
D.stop
the
climate
change
答案:B
答案:A
1
With
the
opening
of
the
city’s
Modern
Art
Museum,hundreds
of
people
queued
up
to
be
among
the
first
to
view
modern
paintings.(Page
32)
随着现代艺术馆的开放,成千上万的人排队想成为第一批观看现代艺术品的人。
★考点:queue
vi.
排队等候 n.
队,行列
①Some
shoppers
queue
all
night
to
buy
goods
in
the
January
sales.
在一月的促销季里,一些顾客排整夜的队去购买各式商品。
②Look!A
lot
of
people
are
queuing
up
at
the
box
office
to
buy
tickets.
瞧!很多人在售票处正排队购票。
③I
watched
as
he
got
a
tray
and
joined
the
queue.
我看着他拿了个托盘排起了队。
queue
up排队
line
up排队
in
a
queue排队
2
This
is
one
of
the
cheapest
and
best
ways
of
decreasing
desertification.(Page
33)
这是减少沙漠化最经济且最好的方法之一。
★考点:decrease
vt.&
vi.减少 n.
减少
①To
decrease
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
environment,more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.
为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境,更多的政府正要求人们回收利用材料。
②The
number
of
new
students
decreased
from
210
to
160
this
year.
今年新生人数从210减少到了160。
③The
price
of
TV
sets
has
decreased
by
15%.
电视机的价格降低了15%。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体单词的词性及含义
④There
has
been
some
decrease
in
military
spending
this
year.
今年的军费开支有所减少。
词性: 含义: ?
⑤The
increase
in
our
population
will
have
lasting
effects
on
our
social
development
and
our
way
of
life.
人口的增长将会对社会的发展和我们的生活方式有着持久的影响。
词性: 含义: ?
⑥The
manager
broke
his
promise
to
increase
wages.
经理没有履行增加工资的诺言。
词性: 含义: ?
名词
减少
名词
增长
动词
增加
decrease
by
减少了
decrease
to减少到
on
the
decrease在减少中
increase
by增加了
increase
to增加到
on
the
increase
在增加中
3
The
centre
has
over
300
scientists
devoted
to
finding
measures
that
will
stop
desertification.(Page
33)
这个中心有300多名科学家致力于发现阻止土地沙漠化的措施。
句子剖析:devoted
to
finding
measures...为分词短语做后置定语,that
will
stop
desertification为定语从句,修饰measures。
★考点一:be
devoted
to致力于,献身于
①Some
complain
of
unfriendly
coworkers
and
feel
sad
for
eight-hour
workweeks
devoted
to
tasks
they
hate.
有些抱怨不友好的同事,对一周致力于他们所讨厌的八个小时工作日感到难过。
②The
old
teacher
was
devoted
to
the
party’s
cause
of
education.
这位老教师献身于党的教育事业。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出下列黑体部分的词性及含义
③She
devoted
her
life
to
helping
the
poor.
她为救济穷人耗尽了毕生的精力。
词性: 含义: ?
④First
of
all,I
respected
his
devotion
to
teaching.
首先,我敬重他对教学的专注。
词性: 含义: ?
动词
献身,致力,专心
名词
献身,专注,热爱
be
devoted
to+n./v.-ing致力于,献身于
devote
oneself/one’s
life
to+n./v.-ing致力于,献身于
be
devoted
to
sb.对某人忠诚(忠贞)
be
devoted
to专载(刊)
devotion
n.献身,忠诚,热爱
★考点二:measure
n.措施,方法,尺度
⑤The
three
letters
present
viewpoints
on
measures
to
punish
road
offences.
这三封信展示了有关惩罚道路违法行为措施的不同观点。
⑥We
should
take
some
measures
to
solve
these
difficulties.
我们应该采取措施来解决这些难题。
⑦Is
this
kind
of
test
a
good
measure
of
reading
comprehension?
这种测试是判断阅读理解能力的好方法吗?
⑧My
mother
made
a
new
coat
to
my
own
measure.
妈妈按照我的尺寸做了一件新外套。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体词的词性及含义
⑨It
is
difficult
to
measure
the
result
of
the
plan
now.
现在还难以估量这个计划的结果。
词性: 含义: ?
⑩The
doctor
weighted
the
baby
and
measured
its
height.
这个医生给婴儿称体重,量身高。
词性: 含义: ?
11
It
measures
20
yards
from
side
to
side.
从这边到那边的距离为20码。
词性: 含义:
?
12
By
most
measurements,he
was
a
happy
man.
总的衡量起来,他算是个快乐的人。
词性: 含义: ?
动词
估量,判断
动词
测量,测定
动词
(长度、宽度、数量的)数值为
名词
测量,衡量
by
measure按尺寸
take
measures
to
do
sth.采取措施干某事
beyond
measure极其;非常;无法估量
make
sth.
to
sb.’s
measure量身定做
measurement
n.测量,衡量
4
...using
satellites
to
pick
out
areas
likely
to
be
affected
by
desertification.(Page
33)
……用卫星探测可能被沙漠化影响的地区。
★考点:pick
out
找出,挑选;找出;认出;辨别出,领会
①If
we
have
mistakes,please
pick
them
out.
如果我们有错,请指出来。
②She
was
picked
out
from
the
whole
class
to
represent
them
to
attend
the
meeting.
她被从班上选出来,作为班级代表去参加会议。
③There
were
so
many
people
at
the
conference
that
I
couldn’t
pick
him
out.
参加会议的人太多了,我没法认出他。
④I
picked
out
the
meaning
of
the
passage.
我领会了这段文章的含义。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中pick
up的含义?
⑤The
boy
picked
up
the
hat
for
the
old
man.
男孩为老人捡起了帽子。
含义: ?
⑥My
radio
can
pick
up
BBC
very
clearly.
我的收音机能清楚地收听到BBC。
含义: ?
⑦He
picked
up
some
French
while
he
was
on
a
business
trip
in
Paris.
他在巴黎出差时顺便学了点法语。
含义: ?
捡起
收听
习得
⑧I’ll
drive
over
and
pick
you
up
at
the
airport.
我开车去机场接你。
含义: ?
⑨After
a
short
rest,you
will
soon
pick
up.
你稍休息一下,就会马上好起来。
含义: ?
开车接(某人)
改善,好转
pick
out找出,挑选;认出;辨别出,领会
pick
up捡起;开车接(某人);获得;收听,接收;改善;好转
pick
on选中
pick
and
choose精挑细选
5
Nor
is
it
good
news
for
the
wide
range
of
fish
and
wildlife
that
live
in
or
along
the
river.(Page
38)
对生活在江中或岸边的大量鱼类和野生生物来说也是个不好的消息。
★考点:range
n.范围;一系列;山脉
①The
restaurant
has
become
popular
for
its
wide
range
of
foods
that
suit
all
tastes
and
pockets.
这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它的各种各样的食物适合各类人群。
②Reading
should
be
a
pleasure,so
the
text
should
be
within
your
ability
range.
阅读是一种乐趣,其内容应该在你的能力范围之内。
③Between
Italy
and
France,there
is
a
mountain
range
called
the
Alps.
在意大利和法国之间,有一条山脉叫阿尔卑斯山脉。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体单词的词性及含义
④In
colonies(群体)that
range
in
size
from
a
few
hundred
to
tens
of
millions,...
在从几百到几千万这样的群体中……
词性: 含义: ?
⑤His
lecture
ranged
widely
over
a
variety
of
topics.
他的讲座广泛涉及了各种话题。
词性: 含义: ?
⑥Cups
and
plates
are
neatly
ranged
on
the
shelf.
杯子和盘子整齐地排列在架子上。
词性: 含义: ?
动词
(在一定范围内)变化
动词
包括
动词
排列(序)
a
range
of
mountains
一条山脉
a
wide
range
of...各式各样的……
in/within
range
of...在……范围内
out
of/beyond
range
of...超出……范围
be
out
of
one’s
range某人所不能及,非某人知识范围之内
range
over涉及;包括
6
Two
special
government
projects
are
also
under
way.(Page
38)
两个专门的政府方案也已经开始实施了。
★考点:under
way进行中
①The
annual
campaign
to
raise
money
for
the
Red
Cross
is
already
under
way.
一年一度为红十字会募集资金的运动已在进行中。
②He
gave
his
agreement
for
the
project
to
get
under
way.
他同意将这项工程付诸实施。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳句中黑体短语的含义
③The
problem
is
under
discussion.
这一问题正在讨论之中。
短语:under
discussion 含义: ?
④The
railway
station
is
under
construction.
火车站正在建设中。
短语:under
construction 含义: ?
⑤The
plan
is
under
consideration
by
the
Ministry
of
Education.
教育部正在考虑这项计划。
短语:under
consideration 含义: ??
正在讨论
正在建设中
正在考虑中
⑥The
wounded
pilot
was
under
treatment.
受伤的飞行员正在治疗中。
短语:under
treatment 含义: ?
⑦The
old
bridge
is
under
repair;take
another
road.
这座旧桥正在维修中,请走另外一条路。
短语:under
repair 含义: ?
正在治疗中
正在维修中
in
the
way挡路;碍事
on
the
way在路上;即将到来
in
any
way无论如何
No
way!没门!不可能!
in
no
way绝不
7
We
still
have
a
long
way
to
go
to
solve
all
the
problems
in
regard
to
the
Yangtze
River.(Page
38)
要解决有关长江的所有问题,我们还有很长的一段路要走。
★考点:in
regard
to也作with
regard
to
关于,至于
①I’d
like
to
hear
your
opinion
in/with
regard
to
this
problem.
我想听听你对这个问题的看法。
②In/With
regard
to
your
request,no
decision
has
been
made.
关于你的请求还没有做出决定。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳句中短语的含义
③Is
there
any
demand
as
regards
qualification?
关于资格有什么要求吗?
归纳:as
regards 含义: ?
④As
for
money,you
shouldn’t
worry
about
it.
至于钱方面,你不用担心。
归纳:as
for 含义: ?
⑤As
far
as
I’m
concerned,the
book
is
worth
reading
again.
就我而言,这本书值得再读一遍。
归纳:as
far
as
one
is
concerned 含义: ?
⑥They
went
on
working
regardless
of
high
temperature.
他们不顾高温,继续工作。
归纳:regardless
of 含义: ?
关于
至于
就……而言
不顾(管)
in/with
regard
to关于,至于
as
for/to关于,至于
as
regards
关于,至于
?
in
terms
of就……而言,在……方面
considering鉴于,就……而论
as
far
as
one
is
concerned
就……而言
regardless
of不顾(管)
8
The
efforts
of
the
Chinese
government
and
people
to
protect
this
much-loved
river
will
be
appreciated
for
years
to
come.(Page
38)
中国政府和人民保护这条他们所挚爱的河流的努力将来是会得到肯定的。
★考点一:effort
n.努力;努力的结果
①One
can
find
his
way
out
of
difficulties
with
efforts.
人通过努力可以找到克服困难的方法。
②Their
efforts
were
rewarded
with
success.
他们的努力获得了成功。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳句中effort构成的短语及含义
③With
effort
she
managed
to
stop
herself
laughing.
她好不容易才忍住了笑。
短语: ?
含义: ?
④...our
adult
lives
will
be
consumed
by
the
struggle
for
money,but
we
don’t
make
an
effort
to
teach
children
how
to
manage
it...
……我们成人的生活将消耗在为金钱奋斗上,而我们却不努力教育孩子如何理财……
短语: ?
含义: ?
with
effort
努力地;费力地
make
an
effort
to
do...
努力干……
⑤He
worked
it
out
without
effort.
他毫不费力地解出了那道题。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑥We
will
spare
no
efforts
to
prevent
them
from
taking
this
step.
我们将竭尽所能阻止他们采取这一措施。
短语: ?
含义: ?
without
effort
毫不费力地
spare
no
efforts
to
do...
不遗余力做……
spare
no
efforts
to
do
sth.不遗余力地做某事
with(without)effort
(毫不)费力地
★考点二:appreciate
vt.
欣赏,赞赏;感谢;领会
⑦You
can’t
fully
appreciate
foreign
literature
in
translation.
看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。
⑧When
you
look
people
in
the
eye,they
feel
you
appreciate
what
they
are
saying.
当你直视人们时,他们感觉你在赞赏他们说的话。
⑨...she
learned
to
appreciate
life
rather
than
to
judge
everything
so
harshly.
……她学会了感恩生活而不是对每件事情很刻薄。
⑩He
didn’t
fully
appreciate
the
importance
of
signing
the
contract.
他没有完全理解签订合同的重要性。
考点延伸?
1)appreciate作“感激”讲,是及物动词,后面需接宾语,但不能直接加从句,而需借助it。
11
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
would
help
me
with
it.
如果你能帮助我,我将不胜感激。
表示程度,可以用deeply,highly,really等副词修饰。
12
I
deeply/highly/really
appreciate
your
kindness.
我深深感谢你的好意。
2)appreciate
doing喜欢干……,乐意干……
13
I
really
appreciate
working
with
someone
who
does
such
a
good
job.
我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。
3)appreciation
n.
欣赏;感激
14
He
has
a
deep
appreciation
of
literature.
他对文学有很高的鉴赏力。
15
She
showed
an
appreciation
of
my
help.
她感谢我的帮助。
appreciate
宾语必须是表示物的名词或代词。
thank
宾语是表示人的名词或代词。
16
I
greatly
appreciate
your
help.
我十分感激你的帮助。
17
Thank
you
for
your
kindness.
谢谢你的善意。
...appreciate
it
if...如果……不胜感激
appreciate
doing...乐意干……
appreciate
that...理解,意识到……
show
appreciation
of
显示对……的欣赏
in
appreciation
of
为了感激……
appreciative
adj.
感谢的;赞赏的
9
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
world
climate
has
been
changing
in
recent
years.(Page
39)
毫无疑问,世界气候在最近几年一直变化。
★考点:There
is
no
doubt
that...毫无疑问……
①...,but
there
is
no
doubt
that
the
way
we
use
money
is
changing.
……但是,毫无疑问我们花钱的方式在改变。
②There
is
no
doubt
that
he
is
guilty.
毫无疑问,他是有罪的。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳有关“There
be
no/some+n.”句型并写出其含义?
③There
is
some
doubt
whether
he
is
fit
for
the
job.
他是否适合干这项工作值得怀疑。
归纳:There
is
some
doubt
whether...
含义: ?
④There
is
no
possibility
that
they
will
win
the
match.
他们要赢那场比赛是不可能的。
归纳:There
is
no
possibility
that...
含义: ?
⑤There
is
no
point
in
quarrelling
with
her
about
the
problem.
和她争吵这个问题没意义。
归纳:There
is
no
point
in
doing...
含义: ?
……值得怀疑
……不可能
干……没意义
⑥There
is
no
need
that
you
go
there
in
person.
你亲自去那里没必要。
归纳:There
is
no
need
that... 含义: ?
……没必要
There
is
no/little
doubt
about
sth.对某事没有疑问
There
is
some
doubt
+
whether/wh-……还不确定
There’s
not
much
doubt
about
it.
那件事情没有什么可疑之处。
There
is
no
possibility/chance
that...……不可能
There
is
no
point
in
doing...干……没意义
There
is
no
need
that...……没必要
10
Therefore,the
more
petrol
and
electricity
we
consume,the
more
carbon
we
are
letting
off.(Page
39)
因此,我们消耗的汽油和电越多,我们排放的碳就越多。
★考点一:consume
vt.
消耗,耗费;消费
①Recently
there
has
been
a
great
demand
for
small
cars
that
consume
a
little
gas.
近来,对耗油量小的小型车需求很大。
②In
one
study,people
who
ate
meals
in
a
blue
room
consumed
33
percent
less
than
those
in
a
yellow
or
red
room.
一项研究中发现,在蓝色房间吃饭的人比在黄色或红色房间吃饭的人少吃33%。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体部分的词性及含义
③Consumption
of
cotton
increased
even
after
it
rose
in
price.
甚至在棉花的价格提高后,棉花的消耗依然增加。
consumption 词性: 含义: ??
④The
price
increases
were
passed
on
to
the
consumers.
上涨的费用转嫁到了顾客身上。
consumer 词性: 含义: ??
名词
消耗,消费
名词
消费者
★考点二:let
off排放
⑤The
power
station
lets
off
a
lot
of
dust
and
heavy
smoke
every
day.
发电厂每天排放出大量的烟尘。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳let
off的含义?
⑥The
school
bus
stopped
at
the
gate
and
let
the
pupils
off.
校车停在大门口,让学生们下了车。
含义: ?
使(让)下车
⑦The
factory
manager
let
the
workers
off
for
a
week.
厂长给工人们放了一周的假。
含义: ?
⑧I’ll
let
her
off
the
housework
this
weekend.
这个周末我将免了她的家务活。
含义: ?
⑨All
you
can
do
now
is
let
off
some
firecrackers.
你们现在能干的就是放些鞭炮。
含义: ?
⑩Willie
accidently
let
off
his
father’s
shotgun
and
made
a
hole
in
the
wall.
威利无意中发射了爸爸的猎枪,把墙打了个洞。
含义: ?
放假
放过(某人)
燃放(烟花)
发射
let
alone
更不必说;不打扰
let
down
放下,降低;使失望
let
out
放走,释放;泄露;放出,发出(叫喊)
let
in
让……进去;放……进来
11
In
this
case,public
transport
such
as
buses
and
the
underground
is
always
a
much
better
choice
than
a
private
car
or
a
taxi.(P39)
如果这样的话,诸如公共汽车和地铁这样的公共交通工具要比私家车和出租车好得多。
★考点:in
this/
that
case在这/
那种情况下
①Even
in
this
case,you
should
give
us
an
explanation.
即便是这样,你也应当向我们解释一下。
②In
that
case,please
call
110
for
help.
在那种情况下,请拨打110救助。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳句中有关case的短语及含义
③In
any
case,do
your
best.
无论如何要尽力而为。
短语: ?
含义: ?
④Take
an
umbrella
in
case
it
rains.
带把雨伞以防下雨。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑤In
case
of
an
air
crash,what
would
you
do?
万一发生空难,你会怎么做?
短语: ?
含义: ?
in
any
case
无论如何
in
case
以防,免得
in
case
of
万一
⑥In
no
case
should
you
leave
your
post.
在任何情况下,你都不应离开岗位。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑦In
the
case
of
my
pay,I
have
no
complaints.
就工资而言,我没什么不满的。
短语: ?
含义: ?
in
no
case
在任何情况下都不
in
the
case
of
就……而言,关于……
in
case万一,以防,以免(后接从句)
in
case
of
万一,以防,以免(后接名词、代词)
in
this/that
case在这种/那种情况下
in
some
cases在某些情况下
in
any
case在任何情况下,不管怎样
in
no
case
决不,在任何情况下都不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
?
as
is
often
the
case这是常有的事
in
the
case
of
就……而言
12
In
particular,metal
products
and
paper
products
require
a
lot
of
energy
to
produce,so
you
should
find
ways
to
use
these
again
without
throwing
them
away.(Page
39)
尤其是金属制品和纸制品生产时需要大量的能量,所以应该找到循环使用它们的方法,而不是将其扔掉。
★考点:in
particular
尤其,特别
①The
whole
meal
was
good
but
the
wine
in
particular
was
excellent.
整顿饭都很好,尤其是葡萄酒更好。
②—Is
there
anything
in
particular
you’d
like
for
dinner?
正餐你有什么特别喜欢的吗?
—No,nothing
in
particular.
没有,什么都行。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出有关particular构成的短语及含义
③The
girl
is
particular
about
dress,but
cares
little
for
eating.
这个女孩对穿着很讲究,但不在乎吃。
短语: ?
含义: ?
④Such
customs
are
particular
to
China.
这种风俗是中国所特有的。
短语: ?
含义: ?
be
particular
about(over)
对……讲究(挑剔)
be
particular
to
是……所特有的
nothing
in
particular没什么特别的
be
particular
about/over对……挑剔/讲究
be
particular
to是……所特有的
a
particular
customer挑剔的顾客
particularly
adv.特别地;特殊地
13
Last
but
not
least,you
can
plant
a
tree,because
trees
absorb
the
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air
to
produce
oxygen.(Page
39)
最后,但并非最不重要的是,你可以种树,因为树会吸收空气中的二氧化碳,释放氧气。
★考点:absorb
vt.
吸收;理解,掌握;使全神贯注
①While
watching
TV,children
do
not
merely
absorb
words
and
images.
当在看电视时,孩子们不仅仅是吸收话语和影像。
②Did
you
absorb
everything
the
teacher
said?
老师讲的东西你全都懂了吗?
③The
study
of
the
English
language
absorbs
all
his
attention.
他全神贯注地学习英语。
④A
weak
ray
of
light
came
in
through
a
small
hole
in
the
wall
and
he
was
absorbed
in
reading.
一束微弱的光线从墙上的小洞里射进来,他正在聚精会神地读书。
absorb
one’s
attention吸引某人的注意力
absorb...into...把……吸收进……
absorb
one’s
time占用某人的时间
absorbed
adj.专心致志的;全神贯注的
be
absorbed
in
专心于……;全神贯注于;热衷于……
be
absorbed
by/into被……吞并;为……所吸收
表示“集中精力”的短语:be
buried
in,be
lost
in,fix
one’s
attention
on,concentrate
one’s
mind
on等。
14
...you
will
find
a
sense
of
satisfaction
knowing
that
you
did
your
part
to
help
solve
the
problem
of
climate
change.(P39)
……知道自己尽责来帮助解决气候变化这一问题时,你会有一种满足感。
★考点:do
one’s
part尽自己的职责
①As
a
citizen,we
should
do
our
part
in
building
our
country.
作为一个公民,我们应尽自己的职责来建设我们的国家。
②He
has
done
his
part
to
support
his
family.
他已尽到自己的职责来供养他的家庭。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,归纳part构成的短语及含义
③Besides
dieting,exercising
plays
an
important
part
in
losing
weight.
除了节食外,锻炼在减肥中也起着重要的作用。
短语: ?
含义: ?
④At
college
I
took
an
active
part
in
all
kinds
of
activities.
在大学里,我积极参加各种活动。
短语: ?
含义: ?
play
a
part
in
在……起作用
take
an
active
part
in
积极参与……
⑤Practical
work
forms
a
part
of
the
course.
实习是这门课的一部分。
短语: ?
含义: ?
⑥The
school
took
the
teacher’s
part
and
told
Jack
to
leave.
校方支持那位老师,要求杰克退学。
短语: ?
含义: ?
form
a
part
of
是……的一部分
take
one’s
part
站在某人的立场上,支持某人
do
one’s
part尽某人的职责
play
a
part
in
在……中起作用
take
an
active
part
in
积极参加
form
a
part
of是……的一部分
take
one’s
part
站在某人的立场上,支持某人
play
a
role
of扮演……角色(共8张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Writing
如何写好海报
海报是向大众发布某种消息的布告。海报的形式多为招聘广告、活动宣传和人物介绍。英文海报的内容常为球讯、影讯、商业报道、展览会、报告会、专题讲座等。
1.海报的结构
海报一般由标题、正文和落款三部分组成。
(1)标题在第一行的正中间写上“POSTER”字样。接着在第二行即“POSTER”下面写上活动的具体名称或活动的内容。如:An
Exciting
Football
Match
(2)正文在第三行空4个字母格写正文,为一段。海报的正文要求写清楚以下内容:第一,活动的目的和意义。第二,活动的主要项目、时间、地点等。第三,参加的具体方法及一些必要的注意事项等。
(3)落款要求写上主办单位的名称及海报的发文日期。
2.海报写作的注意事项
(1)时态:用一般将来时或一般现在时。
(2)语言:海报文字要求简洁明了,篇幅要短小精悍。文中可以用些鼓动性的词语,但不可夸大其词。
(3)要求:海报一定要具体真实地写明活动的时间、地点、主要内容、参加规定及主办单位。
1.We’ll
have
a
show/football
match
on
July
16th.
2.There
is
a
piece
of
news
that
we’ll
hold
a
...+地点+时间.
3.We
hope
to...
4.It
will
be
held...The
match
will
be
wonderful.
5.You
can
buy
tickets
in...and
the
price
is
2
yuan
for
each.
6.All
are
warmly
welcome.
7.Everyone
is
welcome.
8.Catch
the
chance,or
you
will
regret.
9.Sigh
up
and
have
a
good
time.
写作模板
POSTER
标题(赛事)
All
Are
Welcome
Organized
by
主办单位,赛事
will
be
held
between
A方
and
B方+地点(从小到大排列)+时间(从小到大排列)
Please
come
and
cheer
for
them.
发海报部门(单位)
发海报的时间
POSTER
标题(影讯)
Name:片名(斜体)
Time:7
p.m.Saturday,April
10(时间)?
Place:The
meeting
hall(地点)?
Fare:One
yuan(票价)?
Ticket
office:The
school
gate
house(售票地点)?
The
School
Students’
Union(发海报单位)?
就下列内容写一则海报:
我校外语系邀请美国加利福尼亚大学琼斯教授来我校访问,定于10月16日下午2点在第二教学楼T008教室举行“How
to
protect
environment”的讲座。写海报的时间:10月15日。
参考范文:
(一)
Lecture
A
lecture
on
How
to
protect
environment
will
be
held
in
Room
T008,the
Second
Teaching
Building
at
2:00
P.M.,Oct.16
by
professor
Jones
from
California
University
of
U.S.A.
Foreign
Language
Department
Oct.15
(二)
Lecture
Speaker:Prof.Jones
of
California
University
of
U.S.A.
Subject:How
to
protect
environment
Time:2:00
P.M.,Oct.16
Place:Room
T008,the
Second
Teaching
Building
Foreign
Language
Department
Oct.15(共18张PPT)
单元重点小结
重点句型
1)The
world’s
population
has
grown
by
what
it
was
in
1800.?
目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长了六倍。
2)People
often
have
this
belief
development
is
bad
for
the
environment...?
人们经常认为发展对环境有害……
3)However,I
that
we
should
produce
more
things
from
materials
that
have
been
recycled...?
但是,我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品……
4) that
we
also
have
a
problem
with
population.?
无可争辩,我们还存在人口问题。
5) they
run
out??
如果它们用尽了怎么办?
six
times
that
do
agree
There
is
no
debating
What
if
重点语法
现在分词
一、现在分词的句法功能
1)做定语
China
is
a
.中国是一个发展中国家。?
2)做表语
The
damage
is
.损失是令人吃惊的。?
3)做宾语补足语
We
found
his
proofs
.我们发现他的证据是令人信服的。?
developing
country
amazing
convincing
4)做状语
①They
stood
there
.他们站在那里怒目而视。?
②He
opened
fire, .他开枪,打死了一只鸟。?
③We
heard
her
in
the
next
room.我们听到她在隔壁房间里唱歌。
glaring
at
each
other
killing
a
bird
singing
a
song
二、现在分词的完成时
5) ,he
went
out
to
play.完成作业后,他出去玩了。?
三、现在分词的否定式
6) ,he
decided
to
write
to
her
again.?
由于没收到答复,他决定再次给她写信。
Having
finished
homework
Not
having
received
a
reply
功能
Conclusions
I
think/believe
that...
From
my
point
of
view
it
seems
that...
It
seems
to
me
that...
Personally,I
agree/disagree
because...
Reasons
because...
as
a
result
of...
due
to...
owing
to...
thanks
to...
on
account
of...
by
reason
of...
for
the
sake
of...
走近高考
一、完形填空命题特点
1.命题特点。高考英语完形填空是一种旨在测试考生的英语语言综合能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读题,综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇辨析能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
2.体裁分析。近三年高考完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主,叙中有议,文章情节完整,语言地道纯正,体现了“跨文化意识”,篇章与语句的结构富有变化,常涉及人物心理活动的细致描写,启迪性强。近几年,高考完形填空的体裁已突破了单一的叙述文体,间或有说明文和议论文出现。这就要求学生在备考中,在关注记叙文练习的同时,也应时常涉猎其他文体的训练。
3.话题分析。近四年高考完形填空的话题新颖、时尚,把知识、教育、趣味融为一体,内容贴近学生的学习和实际生活,反映社会现实,体现人文精神,符合高中生的兴趣爱好和认知特点。在备考中,精神信念、人格尊严、生活心态、人间真情、科技进步、人生感悟、合作、赏识、责任等话题仍需关注。
4.考点分析。高考完形填空设空以单词填空为主,短语或词组填空为辅;考查以实词为主,虚词为辅。高考完形填空题的命题将继续坚持“考查语境,突出语篇,注重实词”的命题原则,继续加大对实词意义辨析的考查力度,并突出考查考生的分析判断能力、连贯性思维能力和对语境的把握能力。
二、完形填空方法指导
1.细读首句,预测主题
第一句往往是所读文章的主题句。它是文章的窗口,通过它可以大致了解短文与作者的意图。所以细读首句、重视首句、正确理解首句是解题的关键,是正确预测主题的基础。要细心阅读,客观分析,理性思考,以便挖掘出更多有用的潜在信息,为解题打下坚实的基础。
2.速读全文,领会大意
在这一步要运用跳读技巧。借助首句所给的启示,跳过空格,快速把全文从头到尾通读一遍。力争捕捉文中有用的关键信息,从而了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构、情节发展、前因后果、论点论据等,进一步从整体上理解所读文章的大意。同时对空格所选答案进行估计,即试探性的猜测。切忌看一句,选一空。
3.细读全文,试填答案
根据大意,以全文为背景,以上下文为依托,选取语法上正确、文意贴近的答案填入,初步完成空格上的内容。试填选项时,一定要注意在语境上下功夫,一定要抓住上下文的内容内在的联系和逻辑关系,进行多角度、全方位地分析。在通读时要复读上一句,兼顾着下一句,即“瞻前顾后”。在阅读时不要忽视连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词,它们具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下的特殊功能。
4.完形完义,立足全局
做完形填空有两个程序:一是完形(选择选项,然后填补空白);二是完义(阅读短文,然后理解短文)。但是完形必须在完义的基础上进行,也就是说首先要在阅读理解短文的基础上做好完形。完形必须服从完义,单句必须服从段落,段落必须服从全文,局部必须服从全局。因此,我们在做完形填空题时,不能读一句做一句,更不能看到就填,这样往往要出差错。先从整体到局部完义,再从局部到整体完形,完形完义,立足全局。
5.复读全文,验证答案
题目做完以后,我们要把“完形”后的全文再读一遍,看看是否“完义”,检查自己对全文的理解是否准确,情节发展是否合理,全文前后上下是否符合逻辑,验证自己完形后的答案是否能使全文贯通流畅,如果读起来流畅而通顺,说明既完形又完义。
总之,我们要从完形和完义、语法和语义等方面进行推敲,修正错误,弥补疏漏,从而使自己的答案尽可能地接近或达到完美。
拓展阅读
Planetary
changes
which
will
have
an
influence
on
many
are
drawing
near
because
of
the
poor
ecological1
state
of
the
planet.Actually
change
has
already
begun
through
climate
changes,but
most
humans
haven’t
noticed
yet.Climate
change
has
begun
to
influence
the
world
already
and
will
begin
to
worsen
within
the
next
few
years.Most
people
will
begin
to
see
that
the
results
of
climate
change
will
be
far
more
serious.
As
the
planet
is
under
big
geological2
stresses,which
are
continuously
increasing,it
will
in
the
future
no
longer
be
able
to
support
its
population.Scarcity3
of
resources,overfarming,lack
of
clean
air,not
enough
clean
drinking
water
and
drought
are
some
of
the
issues
that
will
all
play
a
much
greater
role
in
the
near
future.
Humans
have
caused
large
ecological
devastation(破坏).The
lifestyles
of
many
people
are
improving
at
a
fast
speed;however,this
will
finally
result
in
a
lack
of
some
precious
resources.When
this
scarcity
begins
to
happen,people
will
no
longer
be
able
to
have
sustainable4
lifestyles.
It’s
important
to
understand
that
everyone
plays
a
role
in
the
whole
process
of
life.Each
person’s
decision
can
finally
affect
the
future.These
decisions,all
combined,can
have
a
very
good
effect
on
what
the
future
will
be
like
for
humans.So
the
future
depends
on
the
choices
we
make
at
the
present
moment.
While
more
and
more
people
are
becoming
aware5
of
climate
change
and
other
environmental
problems
related
to
global
warming,not
all
are
fully
understanding
how
far-reaching
its
effects
will
be.Unfortunately,most
of
the
humans
are
aware
that
the
planet
isn’t
functioning
well,but
they
don’t
understand
that
this
is
creating
a
major
problem
for
the
future
survival
of
humans.
So,every
person
should
make
the
necessary
changes
to
reduce
their
influence
on
the
environment
and
help
create
a
more
sustainable
future.
词海拾贝?
1.ecological
[?i?k??l?d?Ikl]
adj.生态的
2.geological
[?d?i???l?d?Ikl]
adj.
地质的;地理的
3.scarcity
[?ske?s?tI]
n.
不足,缺乏
4.sustainable
[s??steIn?bl]
adj.
可持续的
5.aware
[??we?(r)]
adj.
意识到的
难句剖析?
1.As
the
planet
is
under
big
geological
stresses,which
are
continuously
increasing,it
will
in
the
future
no
longer
be
able
to
support
its
population.
由于这个星球正承受着巨大的地质压力,这种地质压力还会持续增加,它在将来再也不能承载上面的人口。
在As
the
planet
is
under
big
geological
stresses中,as引导原因状语从句;which
are
continuously
increasing为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
2.These
decisions,all
combined,can
have
a
very
good
effect
on
what
the
future
will
be
like
for
humans.
所有这些有关联的决定将对人类的未来是个什么样子有着很好的影响。
all
combined过去分词做非限制性定语,what
the
future
will
be
like
for
humans为what
引导的宾语从句。
