(共89张PPT)
Unit
4
Helping
people
around
the
world
当一位志愿者不仅仅是帮助别人,对于志愿者自己也是很有好处的。这里有做志愿者的几个好处,你是否知道呢?
1.Teach
You
New
Skills
From
helping
making
websites,to
teaching
immigrant1
kids
your
native
language,to
arranging
events
for
charity,volunteering
can
really
be
almost
anything.That
means
you
start
to
master
completely
new
skills.
2.Can
Be
Therapeutic
Depending
on
what
you
choose
to
do,volunteer
work
can
have
a
tremendous
therapeutic
effect.There
are
many
options
that
can
be
tremendously
giving.One
of
my
close
personal
friends
has
completely
transformed
after
she
started
working
with
disabled
kids.Volunteering
helps
you
look
outside
yourself
and
your
problems,allowing
you
to
see
the
world
and
other
people
from
a
whole
different
perspective2,which
in
turn
can
make
you
grateful
for
what
you
already
have
and
see
your
own
personal
value.
3.Help
Improve
Social
Skills
If
you’re
the
kind
of
person
that
has
a
hard
time
putting
yourself
in
social
situations,volunteering
can
help.It
can
be
a
useful
tool
in
your
battle.A
permanent3
excuse
to
talk
to
people
and
try
to
get
along.And
you
will
make
some
new
friends
through
volunteering.
4.Help
You
Expand
Your
Network
One
of
the
great
things
with
volunteering,is
that
you
meet
a
very
wide
variety
of
people.Instead
of
looking
at
it
in
a
negative4
light
of
meeting
people
you
don’t
have
a
lot
in
common
with,think
of
it
as
expanding
your
network.You’re
getting
to
know
people
involved
in
many
different
jobs
in
life
that
you
wouldn’t
have
had
the
opportunity
to
meet
otherwise.
5.Help
You
Grow
Summed
up
in
one
line:volunteering
helps
you
grow.Not
only
as
a
person,but
as
we’ve
covered,it
can
help
you
develop
your
skill
set
as
well.The
only
real
downside
is
how
hard
it
is
to
leave
when
circumstances5
make
it
difficult
for
you
to
continue.
So
if
you’ve
ever
considered
volunteering,what
are
you
waiting
for?
译文
1.教给你新的技能
从帮忙建网站、教移民孩子学习你的母语,到为慈善事业安排活动,志愿活动可以说是无所不包。这意味着你要学着开始全面掌握新的技能。
2.可以有治疗作用
根据你选择的活动来看,志愿工作会有非常好的治疗效果。很多志愿工作都能给你带来很大的帮助。我有一位非常亲密的朋友,她在开始为残疾人孩子工作后完全变成了另外一个人。志愿工作能帮你从自己的问题中跳出来,允许你以一个全新的不同视角去观察世界和他人,这反过来也能让你对自己已有的东西心存感激,并看到自己的个人价值。
3.可以帮你改善社交技巧
如果你在社交场合觉得困难,志愿活动能帮上你的忙。它可以成为你战斗中的一项有用的工具。这样你永远有机会和别人交谈并可以试着和别人相处。并且你也能通过志愿工作交朋友。
4.帮你扩展人际网络
志愿服务的一大好处是你会接触到很多人。从负面的角度看,你遇到了很多没多少共同之处的人,但不如换个角度来看,把它看成是在扩展你的人脉。你会认识各行各业的人,要是不参加志愿服务你根本就没有机遇和这些人见面。
5.帮你成长
总结成一句话:志愿服务能帮你成长。就像我们刚介绍的那样,它不仅能让你在人格方面成长,也能让你在技能方面进步。真正的缺点是当环境不允许你继续下去时,你却发现自己舍不得离开。
所以如果你曾考虑过志愿服务,那还在等什么呢?
词海拾贝
1.immigrant
[?ImI?r?nt]
adj.
移民的
2.perspective
[p??spektIv]
n.观点
3.permanent
[?p??m(?)n?nt]
adj.
永久的
4.negative
[?neg?tIv]
adj.
消极的
5.circumstance
[?s??k?mst?ns]
n.情况,境遇
难句剖析
Volunteering
helps
you
look
outside
yourself
and
your
problems,allowing
you
to
see
the
world
and
other
people
from
a
whole
different
perspective,which
in
turn
can
make
you
grateful
for
what
you
already
have
and
see
your
own
personal
value.
句意:志愿工作能帮你从自己的问题中跳出来,允许你以一个全新的不同视角去观察世界和他人,这反过来也能让你对自己已有的东西心存感激,并看到自己的个人价值。
剖析:本句是一个复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句,what引导宾语从句,allowing
you
to
see...是动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
理解诱思
1.Which
of
the
followings
is
not
a
benefit
of
being
a
volunteer?
A.Helping
you
grow.
B.Helping
you
improve
your
social
skills.
C.Helping
you
expand
your
network.
D.Helping
you
earn
more
money.
2.Do
you
agree
that
being
a
volunteer
is
valuable?Why?
答案:1.D
2.Yes,because
people
can
help
those
in
need
and
people
also
learn
a
lot
through
volunteering.
Section
Ⅰ Welcome
to
the
unit
&
Reading
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
一、写作词汇
预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—What
are
you
doing
these
days?
—I
am
busy
doing
some
research
on
(受害者)
in
this
fire.?
2.—What
did
the
teacher
ask
you
to
do
yesterday?
—He
asked
me
to
give
a
detailed
(描述)
of
the
incident.?
3.—What
do
you
think
Mr
Mandela’s
achievement
is?
—Making
the
black
people
(平等的)
in
the
society.?
4.—What
is
the
scientist
doing
at
the
present?
—He
is
studying
how
to
raise
the
production
of
corn
without
(扩展)
the
field.?
victims
description
equal
expanding
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
5.In
order
not
to
let
the
little
dog
die
of
(挨饿),the
girl
went
home
to
(取来)
some
food.In
addition,she
covered
a
(地毯)
over
the
little
dog.?
6.The
man
used
to
be
a
manager
in
a
company
which
(出口)
some
products
to
foreign
countries.Later,he
became
very
rich
and
often
helped
some
small
companies
which
(缺少)money.In
his
spare
time,he
often
did
some
(志愿的)work
and
(获得)
a
good
reputation.?
starvation
fetch
carpet
exported
lacked
voluntary
acquired
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
二、阅读词汇
预习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。
Some
people
can’t
live
a
happy
life
for
lack
1.
of
fresh
water,but
some
of
us
often
keep
the
running
water
2.
running
all
day
long.The
problem
is
often
referred
to
3.
at
some
meetings
and
most
of
the
people
think
it
is
worthy
4.
to
be
discussed.In
addition
5. ,some
rich
people
have
contributed
6.
some
money
to
help
those
who
are
short
of
water.It
is
urgent
7.
that
the
government
should
take
some
effective
measures.?
缺少
自来水
提及
值得的
另外
捐赠
紧急的
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
三、阅读课文“The
UN—bringing
everyone
closer
together”,选择正确答案
1.The
UN
is
made
up
of
countries
that
want
to
.?
A.become
richer B.promote
world
peace
C.fight
against
hunger
D.become
stronger
2.Which
of
the
following
is
not
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.The
UN
was
set
up
in
October
1945.
B.Nearly
every
nation
in
the
world
belongs
to
the
UN.
C.The
UN
has
its
own
army.
D.The
UN
touches
the
lives
of
people
everywhere.
答案:B
答案:C
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
3.Which
word
can
take
the
place
of
the
word
“victims”
in
the
third
paragraph?
A.Enemies.
B.Sufferers.
C.Friends.
D.Peasants.
4.What
can
we
learn
from
the
fourth
paragraph?
A.The
author’s
job
is
paid
much.
B.The
author
visits
these
countries
just
for
fun.
C.The
television
and
press
will
record
the
author’s
visits
to
help
the
countries.
D.The
author’s
visits
will
encourage
more
people
to
go
there.
答案:B
答案:C
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
5.We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
.?
A.in
many
countries
water
is
not
safe
to
drink
B.the
UN
only
helps
countries
with
the
problems
caused
by
wars
C.the
work
of
the
UN
is
to
make
every
country
peaceful
D.in
2008,all
of
UN
members
agreed
to
meet
eight
development
goals
答案:A
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
四、下面一段文章是课文原文的浓缩,仔细阅读并根据课文内容将其补充完整
I’m
pleased
to
have
the
chance
to
give
a
talk
about
the
UN.I
will
give
you
a
short
1.
(describe)
of
the
UN.The
UN
is
an
organization
2. (make)
up
of
countries
that
want
to
promote
world
peace.It
3.
(set)
up
in
October,1945.The
UN
4.
(main)
has
four
functions.It
often
borrows
soldiers
from
different
countries
5.
belong
to
the
UN.6.
the
help
of
them,the
UN
assists
the
victims
of
wars
and
disasters
as
well
as
7.
(protect)
human
rights
and
works.My
voluntary
work
in
these
countries
8.
(follow)
by
the
television
and
press,which
will
encourage
people
to
work
on
the
projects.Apart
description
made
was
set
mainly
which/that
With
protecting
will
be
followed
Pre-reading?
While-reading
Post-reading
9.
the
urgent
problems
caused
by
wars
and
disasters,the
UN
helps
countries
with
other
problems
such
as
lack
of
education
and
starvation,and
one
of
them
is
to
ensure
that
clean
water
is
available
to
everyone.In
a
word,the
world
has
been
10.
(close)
than
before
with
the
work
of
the
UN.?
from
closer
1
I
am
pleased
to
have
this
chance
today
to
talk
to
you
about
the
United
Nations,or
the
UN,as
it
is
more
often
referred
to.(P50)
我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国,联合国也叫UN——这个名称更常用。
★考点一:as在句中引导原因状语从句,意为“因为”。
①I
must
stop
now
as
I
have
to
go
out.
我得就此打住了,因为我得出去。
②As
they
were
both
tired,they
stopped
working
to
have
a
rest.
因为两人都累了,他们停下手里的活,去休息了一小会。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出as引导的从句类型
③As
we
all
know,Liu
Huan
is
a
famous
musician.
我们都知道,刘欢是著名音乐人。
从句类型
?
④Such
women
as
knew
Tom
thought
he
was
charming.
那些认识汤姆的女人都认为他很迷人。
从句类型
?
⑤My
stand
on
this
is
just
the
same
as
it
was
four
years
ago.
我对这个问题的立场和四年前一样。
从句类型
?
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
注意区分下面两个句子:
他那么勤奋所以老师们都很喜欢他。
He
is
such
a
hard-working
boy
that
all
the
teachers
like
him.(that引导结果状语从句,在从句中不作成分)
He
is
such
a
hard-working
boy
as
all
the
teachers
like.(as引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语)
★考点二:
refer
to
谈及;提到
⑥Don’t
refer
to
this
matter
again,please.
请不要再提这件事了。
⑦Johnson
referred
to
the
discovery
as
a
major
breakthrough
in
medical
science.
约翰逊称这项发现是医学领域的一个重大突破。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
⑧Complete
the
exercise
without
referring
to
a
dictionary.
请在不查词典的情况下完成练习。
词组
含义
?
⑨The
figures
in
the
left-hand
column
refer
to
our
sales
abroad.
左栏的数字是关于我们海外销售额的。
词组
含义
?
⑩If,one
week
from
the
date
of
written
notice,the
pet
is
not
removed,the
student
is
referred
to
the
Student
Court.
如果书面通知后一周,宠物没被带走,那么这个学生将被叫到学生会去。
词组
含义
?
refer
to
查阅
refer
to
涉及,关于
refer
to
提交
11
He
said
that
this
was
a
good
book
of
reference.
他说,这是一本很好的参考书。
词性
含义
?
名词
参考
2
First
I
should
give
you
a
short
description
of
the
UN.(P50)
首先我应该给你们简单介绍一下联合国。
★考点:description
n.描述
①【高考典句】
(2020山东)Whatever
it
is,the
result
is
a
fine
and
vivid
description
of
the
purest
of
Central
Asian
traditions.不管它是什么,结果都是对最纯粹的中亚传统的精美而生动的描述。
②I
gave
them
a
description
of
my
new
car.
我给他们描述了我的新汽车。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
③I
found
this
play
boring
beyond
description.
我发现这部戏乏味得无法形容。
词组
含义
?
④The
police
asked
her
to
describe
the
two
men.
警察让她描述一下那两个人。
词性
含义
?
⑤He
described
going
downstairs
and
finding
his
mother
lying
on
the
floor.
他描述说下楼时发现妈妈躺在地板上。
词组
?
含义
?
beyond
description
无法描述
动词
描述
describe
doing
sth.
描述做某事
give
a
description
of
sth.描述某物/某事
beyond
description无法描述
describe
vt.
描述
describe
doing
sth.描述做某事
3
With
the
help
of
these
armies
and
other
worthy
organizations,the
UN
assists
the
victims
of
wars
and
disasters.(P50)
在这些军队和其他一些可敬的组织的协助下,联合国为战争及灾难的受害者提供援助。
★考点:worthy
adj.
令人敬重的(只作定语)
①Most
students
say
that
he
is
a
worthy
teacher.
大部分学生都说他是一位值得尊敬的老师。
②There
occurred
nothing
that
was
worthy
to
be
mentioned.
没有值得一提的事情发生。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
③
The
school
graduated
many
worthy
young
people.
这所学校培养了很多有为的年轻人。
词性
含义
?
④In
my
opinion,this
film
is
well
worth
seeing
again.
在我看来,这部电影很值得再看一遍。
词性
含义
?
词组
?
含义
?
⑤He
realized
he
would
take
a
loss
by
selling
it
to
us,but
it
was
worthwhile.
他意识到把它卖给我们他会遭受损失,但是那是值得的。
词性
含义
?
形容词
有为的
形容词
值得的
be
worth
doing
值得做……
形容词
值得的
易混辨析?
worth/worthy/worthwhile
worth通常只用作表语,不用于名词前作定语,worthy
和
worthwhile
可用作表语和定语。
worth习惯上不用
very
修饰(要表示类似意思可用
well),而worthy和worthwhile则可以用副词very修饰。
be
worth后可直接跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。(注意:其后可接动词-ing形式,不能接不定式,且接动词-ing形式时,总是用主动形式表示被动意义。)be
worthy
后不能直接跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式,若要接,应借助介词
of。
be
worthy可接不定式(若该不定式要表示被动意义,则应用被动形式)。
be
worthwhile
后接动词-ing形式或不定式均可。
be
worth
doing...值得做……
be
worthy
of...值得……
be
worthy
to
be
done...值得被……
It
is
worthwhile
doing...值得做……
It
is
worthwhile
to
do...值得做……
4
In
addition,the
UN
helps
protect
human
rights
and
works
to
improve
international
laws,for
example,those
on
child
labour
and
on
equal
rights
for
minorities
and
women.(P50)
另外,联合国帮助保护人权并致力于改善国际法,例如,那些关于童工的法律和少数名族及妇女平等权利的法律。
★考点一:in
addition
另外;此外
①In
addition,new
coffee-growing
techniques
are
poisoning
the
water
locally,and
eventually
the
world’s
groundwater.
另外,新的咖啡种植技术污染当地的水,最终蔓延至世界的地下水。
②I
haven’t
got
so
much
money.In
addition,I
don’t
like
its
color.
我没有那么多钱,另外,我也不喜欢它的颜色。
易混辨析?
in
addition意为“另外,此外”,用作副词短语,其后常是逗号;in
addition
to
意为“除了……”,
是介词短语,其后接名词或动词-ing形式。
In
addition
to
English,there
are
some
materials
in
French
and
German.
除了英语,还有一些材料是用法语和德语写的。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词或词组的含义
③Apart
from
the
occasional
visit,what
does
she
do
for
her
kids?
除了偶尔的探望之外,她还为孩子做些什么?
含义
?
④The
teacher
as
well
as
the
students
likes
the
new
film.
老师和学生都喜欢这部新电影。
含义
?
⑤He
enjoyed
the
meal
and
what’s
more,he
ate
it
up.
他喜欢那顿饭,而且吃光了它。
含义
?
除了……
也,又
而且
⑥I
don’t
want
to
go
to
see
the
film.Besides,I
am
tired.
我不想去看电影,另外,
我很累了。
含义
?
⑦Furthermore,my
aim
is
to
provide
the
best
service.
并且,我的目标是提供最好的服务。
含义
?
另外
而且,并且
in
addition另外
in
addition
to...除了……
apart
from...除了……
as
well
as也;又
what’s
more而且
besides而且,另外
furthermore而且,并且
★考点二:equal
adj.
平等的
⑧Women
don’t
have
equal
rights
as
men
in
some
countries.
在一些国家里妇女没有和男人一样平等的权利。
⑨Our
laws
state
that
all
people
are
equal.
我们的法律规定人人平等。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义
⑩Choose
two
stones
of
equal
weight
and
size.
选两块重量和大小都差不多的石头。
词性
含义
?
11
I’m
sure
that
he
is
quite
equal
to
the
task.
我确信他完全能胜任这项任务。
词性
含义
?
12
Trade
balance
when
supply
equals
demand.
供需相当时贸易便达到平衡。
词性
含义
?
13
In
fact,when
it
comes
to
the
art
of
war,ants
have
no
equal.
事实上,说到战争的艺术时,蚂蚁是无与伦比的。
词性
含义
?
形容词
相等的
形容词
胜任的
动词
等于
名词
相等物
14
Women
have
yet
to
achieve
full
equality
with
men
in
the
work-place.
妇女仍需争取与男人在工作上完全平等。
词性
含义
?
15
We
try
to
divide
the
work
equally.
我们尽量平分工作。
词性
含义
?
名词
平等
副词
相等地
5
In
addition,my
visits
will
encourage
people
working
on
the
projects
and
draw
local
people’s
attention
to
the
situation.(P51)
此外,
我的访问会鼓励那些为这个项目工作的人们,吸引当地人对形势的关注。
★考点:attention
n.
注意;关注
①You
must
give
your
full
attention
to
what
you
are
doing.
你必须全神贯注做你所做的事情。
②Let
me
have
your
attention!请注意听我说话!
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的相关词组及含义
③He
was
walking
in
the
street
when
a
bird
caught/attracted/drew
his
attention.
他在街上走着,这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。
词组
?
含义
?
④The
children
paid
attention
to
their
teacher.
孩子们专心听老师讲话。
词组
含义
?
⑤The
teacher
tried
to
bring
her
words
to
the
boy’s
attention.
这位老师尽量使这个男孩注意自己的话。
词组
?
含义
?
catch/attract/draw
one’s
attention
吸引某人的注意力
pay
attention
to
注意
bring
sth.to
one’s
attention
让某人注意某事
⑥The
boy
devoted
all
his
attention
to
the
research
last
year.
这个男孩去年把所有精力都投入到这项研究中。
词组
?
含义
?
注意
在词组pay
attention
to...中,to是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
The
mother
pays
attention
to
varying
the
meals
every
day.
这位妈妈每天注意使饮食多样化。
devote
one’s
attention
to
专心于……
catch/attract/draw
one’s
attention吸引某人的注意力
pay
attention
to注意
bring
sth.to
one’s
attention让某人注意某事
devote
one’s
attention
to专心于……
6
They
collect
approximately
1.35
yuan
per
day
from
each
member
and
add
it
to
some
money
contributed
by
the
government.(P51)
他们每天从每个成员手中收取大约1.35元,将这些钱和政府资助给他们的钱加在一起。
★考点:contribute
vt.
&
vi.
捐献;捐赠(尤指款和物),捐助;贡献
①When
the
earthquake
happened,many
people
contributed
money
to
the
victims.
当地震发生时,很多人为受灾者捐款。
②Tu
Youyou’s
research
contributed
greatly
to
the
progress
of
science.
屠呦呦的研究对于科学的进步有很大的贡献。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
③He
often
contributes
an
article
to
the
newspaper.
他经常向这家报纸投稿。
词性
含义
?
④Our
appetite
for
new
products
also
contributes
to
the
problem.
我们对新产品的欲望也导致了这个问题。
词组
含义
?
⑤The
old
scientist
made
a
great
contribution
to
our
country.
这位老科学家对我们国家做出了重大贡献。
词性
含义
?
词组
?
含义
?
⑥The
contributor
left
in
a
hurry
after
the
ceremony
was
over.
典礼结束后,捐赠者匆匆离去了。
词性
含义
?
动词
投稿
contribute
to
导致
名词
贡献
make
a
contribution
to...
为……做贡献
名词
捐赠者
7
With
this,the
women
have
enough
money
to
acquire
materials
to
make
baskets.(P51)
这样,妇女们就凑够了钱去购买做篮子的编织材料。
★考点:acquire
vt.
(尤指通过努力)购得;获得;得到;学会
①The
TV
station
acquired
the
right
to
broadcast
the
event.
电视台获得了报道这个事件的权利。
②She
acquired
much
experience
from
the
work.
她从这次工作中获得了很多经验。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的含义
③I
have
never
acquired
a
taste
for
wine.
我从来没有真正喜欢过酒。
含义
?
④We
want
people
to
acquire
the
habit
of
using
public
transport.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通的习惯。
含义
?
喜欢……
养成……的习惯
8
With
luck
their
group
will
be
able
to
expand
and
maybe
set
up
a
shop.(P51)
运气好的话,她们的团队会进一步扩大,或许还能开一个店铺。
★考点:expand
vi.&vt.使……变大,扩大,扩张,伸展,伸开,张开,展开
①Their
expanding
business
became
a
large
corporation
in
1996,with
three
generations
of
Ans
working
together.
他们扩大的生意在1996年成为一个大的股份公司,安家的三代人在一起工作。
②The
merchant
is
eager
to
expand
his
business.
这个商人渴望扩大自己的买卖。
易混辨析?
expand/extend/spread/stretch
expand指向四面八方的扩大、扩张;
extend
强调指某一方向的延长;
spread
指消息、疾病、瘟疫等的传播、蔓延,也指把某物铺开,把胳膊张开;
stretch
指手掌、手臂、腰、腿、颈由曲变直,由短变长的伸展或伸出,多与out连用。
9
Apart
from
the
urgent
problems
caused
by
wars
and
conflicts,the
UN
helps
countries
with
other
problems
such
as
lack
of
education,starvation,disasters,AIDS
and
other
diseases.(P51)
除了由于战争和冲突引起的紧急问题外,联合国还帮助那些如因教育匮乏,食物短缺,灾难,艾滋病和其他疾病而引起问题的国家。
★考点一:urgent
adj.
紧急的;紧迫的
①I
have
something
urgent
to
deal
with,so
I
have
to
go.
我有些急事要处理,所以我得走了。
②It
is
not
urgent—we
can
do
it
next
week.
并不是很急,我们可以下周再做。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义
③No
delay!We
are
in
urgent
need
of
these
books.
不要拖延!我们急需这些书。
词组
含义
?
④Rarely
did
she
request
help
but
this
was
a
matter
of
urgency.
她很少求人,但这事确实很紧急。
词性
含义
?
in
urgent
need
of
急需
名词
紧急的事情
urgent
adj.
紧急的
urgency
n.紧急的事情
in
urgent
need
of急需
It
is
urgent
that...……是紧急的
★考点二:lack
n.&
vt.
缺乏
⑤【高考典句】
(2020天津)Lack
of
talent
and
time
is
no
reason
for
taking
no
action.
缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。
⑥The
young
man
lacked
the
skills
required
for
the
job.
这个年轻人缺乏这个工作需要的技能。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
⑦The
court
case
was
dismissed
for
lack
of
evidence.
这起诉讼因为缺乏证据而被驳回。
词组
含义
?
⑧She
seems
to
be
totally
lacking
in
common
sense.
她看起来好像一点常识都没有。
词性
含义
?
for
lack
of
因为缺乏……
形容词
缺乏的
★考点三:starvation
n.
挨饿;饿死
⑨The
traveler
got
lost
in
the
desert
and
died
of
starvation.
这位旅人在沙漠中迷路饿死了。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
⑩He
said
that
he
would
starve
rather
than
beg
for
food.
他说他宁愿饿死也不愿去要饭。
词性
含义
?
11
These
young
trees
are
starving
for
water.
这些小树急需要浇水。
词组
含义
?
12
If
they
can’t
get
enough
food,they
will
starve
to
death.
如果他们得不到足够的食物,会饿死的。
词组
含义
?
动词
(使)饿死
starve
for...
渴望……
starve
to
death
饿死
starve
v.(使)饿死;挨饿
starve
to
death饿死
starve
for
sth.渴望某物
starvation
n.挨饿;饿死
10
These
carpets
are
decorated
with
beautiful
traditional
patterns
and
can
fetch
a
high
price
on
the
international
market.(P53)
这些地毯被装饰成美丽传统的形式,它们可以在国际市场上卖得高价。
★考点:fetch
vt.
售得,卖得(高价);取来,去拿来
①The
painting
is
expected
to
fetch
￡10,000
at
auction.
这幅画在拍卖会上有望卖到1万英镑。
②I
asked
him
to
fetch
me
the
evening
paper.
我让他去给我把晚报拿来。
③She
rose
and
fetched
a
chair
from
the
next
room.
她站起身从隔壁屋里搬来一把椅子。
易混辨析?
bring/take/carry/fetch
这几个词都有“拿,带”的意思。
(1)bring指从别处把某人或某物带来或拿来。
Take
the
empty
box
away
and
bring
me
a
full
one.
把这个空盒子拿走,给我拿个满的来。
While
she
was
in
hospital,her
friends
used
to
bring
her
books.
她住院时,朋友们经常带书给她看。
(2)take指从这里把某人或某物带走或拿走。
On
his
days
off
he
takes
his
children
to
the
park.
休假的日子,他就带孩子们去公园。
(3)carry意为“拿,提,扛”,没有方向性,但有负重的含义。
Thank
you
for
helping
me
carry
the
heavy
box
upstairs.
谢谢你帮我把这个重箱子提到楼上。
The
young
mother
was
carrying
her
baby
in
her
arms.
年轻的母亲怀里抱着婴儿。
(4)fetch表示到别处去把某人或某物带来。
You
can
fetch
your
schoolbag
home.
你可以回家取书包。
11
...and
to
contribute
small
amounts
of
money
to
the
people
who
are
taking
part
in
order
to
get
the
project
going.(P53)
……捐赠一小部分钱给这些参加的人们,为了让这个项目运作起来。
★考点:get
the
project
going是“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。going是动词-ing形式,表示主动。
①It
is
so
cold
that
it
is
hard
to
get
the
car
going.
天这么冷,很难让车开动起来。
②The
girl
is
very
shy
and
it
is
hard
to
get
her
talking.
这个女孩很害羞,让她开口说话是很难的。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体部分的构成
③You
can
get
your
mother
to
help
it
this
time.
这次你可以让妈妈帮忙。
构成
?
④My
bike
doesn’t
work
and
I
will
get
it
repaired.
我的自行车坏了,我要去找人修理。
构成
?
get+宾语+不定式
get+宾语+过去分词
12
—I
did
not
know
very
much
about
what
they
did
before.—Neither
did
I.(P53)
——我对他们以前做的事并不是很了解。——我也是。
★考点:neither
did
I
是由neither引导的倒装句。“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”表示前者否定的情况也适合于后者。
①Lily
can’t
ride
a
bike
and
neither/nor
can
I.
莉莉不会骑自行车,我也不会。
②He
didn’t
go
to
school
yesterday
and
neither/nor
did
I.
他昨天没去上学,我也没去。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体部分的构成及含义
③—Tom
works
very
hard.—So
he
does.
——汤姆学习很用功。——他确实如此。
构成
?
含义
?
④He
has
a
lot
of
work
to
do
and
so
do
I.
他有很多工作要做,我也是。
构成
?
含义
?
so+主语+助动词
确实如此
so+助动词+主语
……也如此
注意
如果前文的叙述中既有肯定成分又有否定成分,这时用so
it
is
with
sb.或者it
is
the
same
with
sb.来表示前者的情况也适合于后者。
—My
mother
does
a
lot
of
housework,but
she
has
never
been
late.
—So
it
is
with
my
mother.
——我妈妈做很多家务,但是她从没迟到过。
——我妈妈也是这样。(共19张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage
写作词汇
预习Word
power
&
Grammar
and
usage部分的词汇,完成下列小对话。
1.—Can
you
suggest
an
(供选择的东西)??
—Sorry,I
can’t.
2.—Where
did
he
live
when
he
was
young?
—In
a
(偏远的)village.?
3.—What
is
your
wish
now?
— (要是)
I
had
enough
money.?
alternative
remote
If
only
1
If
I
had
taken
an
alternative
path
and
had
studied
medicine,I
would
have
a
lot
of
medical
knowledge.(P57)
如果我走另一条路,学医的话,我就会有许多的医学知识。
★考点:alternative
adj.
可供替代的 n.可供选择的事物
①We
returned
by
the
alternative
road.
我们从另一条路回来的。
②I’m
afraid
I
have
no
alternative
but
to
report
you
to
the
police.
恐怕除了向警方告发你之外,恐怕我别无选择。
易混辨析?
alternative,choose,pick和select
alternative作名词或形容词,多指两者之间的选择,常有“非此即彼”之意。
choose
是动词(choice
n.),适用范围最广,可与from或between连用。它一般指主观上的选择,还常带有最终选定的含义。
pick作动词或名词,是口头用语,指仔细地、精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思,一般指挑选有形的东西。
select用作动词,语气比choose重,多用于正式场合,指仔细地、审慎地精选,强调客观性,所挑选的对象一定是同种类的。
2
Should
a
child’s
parents
die,UNICEF
would
have
special
projects
to
help
the
child
even
if
he
or
she
lives
in
the
remotest
area.If
only
there
were
more
people
donating
money
to
charities!(P57)
若孩子的父母死了,联合国儿童基金会将会有特别项目来帮助儿童,即使他或她住在一个偏僻的地区。要是有更多的人给慈善机构捐款多好!
★考点一:remote
adj.
偏远的;偏僻的
①His
old
mother
lived
in
a
remote
village.
他的老母亲生活在一个偏僻的村子里。
②She
stared
at
the
remote
stars
and
said
nothing.
她凝视着遥远的星星,沉默不语。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义
③She
was
quiet
and
remote,which
made
us
feel
ignored.
她话不多,且很冷漠,让我们感到像被忽视一样。
词性
含义
?
④Your
chances
of
success
are
rather
remote.
你成功的机会微乎其微。
词性
含义
?
形容词
冷漠的
形容词
微小的
易混辨析?
distant,far和remote
(1)distant指时间上、空间上的遥远,也可指亲属关系上的疏远。
The
station
is
two
miles
distant
from
the
school.
车站距学校两英里远。
(2)far除表示实际距离的远和时间的遥远外,还可指程度的“远”,用于此意时可修饰表示“目光、前途、未来、过去”等的名词,还可用作副词。
A
scientist
is
always
a
man
of
far
sight.
科学家总是目光远大。
(3)remote可指空间障碍,也指因离开正路而偏远、孤离原来地方,还可指关系远的,常与from连用。
Your
comments
are
rather
remote
from
the
subject
we
are
discussing.
你的评论跟我们正谈的问题关系不大。
★考点二:if
only但愿,要是……就好了。其后的从句中谓语用虚拟语气。
⑤If
only
I
had
enough
money!
要是我有足够的钱就好了!
⑥If
only
I
had
met
her
at
the
party.
如果我在聚会上遇到她就好了。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的相关词组及含义
⑦You
will
succeed
only
if
you
put
all
your
heart
into
it.
你只有全身心投入才会成功。
词组
含义
?
⑧Are
you
ready?If
not,I
will
go
without
you.
你准备好了吗?如果没有,我自己去了啊。
词组
含义
?
⑨What
if
they
fail
in
the
final
match?
要是他们在决赛中输了怎么办?
词组
?
含义
?
only
if
只有
if
not
不然,如果没有
what
if
如果……将会怎么样
注意
only
if
位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
Only
if
you
work
hard
can
you
achieve
your
goal.
只有努力工作,你才能实现目标。
语法指南?
虚拟语气(Ⅱ)
(一)含蓄虚拟条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示,而是通过上下文或介词短语来表示。
But
for
your
advice,I
could
not
have
done
it
so
successfully.
要是没有你的建议,我就不会做得那么成功。
The
changes
could
not
have
taken
place
without
the
open-door
policy.
要是没有开放政策,这些变化就不会发生。
I
was
so
busy
then.Otherwise,I
would
have
gone
to
help
him.那时我太忙了,否则我就去帮他了。
I
would
have
finished
the
work,but
I
have
been
ill.
我本来该完成这项工作的,但我生病了。
(二)虚拟语气在名词性从句和状语从句中的应用
(1)在suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,require,
insist,desire,urge等动词引导的宾语从句中,要用“(should+)动词原形”来表示建议、命令、要求等;由上述动词派生或转化的名词的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式。如:suggestion,proposal,plan,recommendation,demand,order,desire,
request,requirement,insistence,advice,decision
等词。
(2)在“It
is/was+某些形容词/过去分词+that
从句”句型中,that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即
“should+动词原形”或只用动词原形,表示“惊奇、遗憾、怀疑、不满”等。这些形容词有important,necessary,essential,natural,strange,advisable,desirable,
possible,probable,astonishing,surprising,desired,suggested,requested,
recommended,ordered,proposed,decided,moved等。
(3)在由for
fear
that,in
case,lest
等引导的状语从句中,用
“should+动词原形”表示
“唯恐”。如:
He
handled
the
instrument
with
care
for
fear
that
it
should
be
damaged.
他小心地拿着仪器,唯恐把它摔碎了。
(4)在
“It
is
(about/high)time+that
(从句)”
中,谓语动词常用过去式或should
do(should不能省略)表示虚拟语气。如:
It
is
high
time
that
people
learned/learnt
English.
正是人们学英语的时候。
(5)在
“as
if/as
though”
引导的状语从句中,谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟形式相同。如:
He
works
with
such
enthusiasm
as
if
he
never
knew
fatigue.
他这样热情地工作,好像从来不知道疲倦似的。
He
speaks
English
as
though
he
were
an
American.
他说英语好像他是美国人一样。
(6)在
look,seem等动词后的
“as
if/as
though”从句中,当表示真实情况时,用陈述语气,否则用虚拟语气。如:
It
seems
as
if
they
know
each
other.(真实情况)
他们好像彼此认识。
It
seems
as
though
it
were
already
spring.(虚拟语气)
好像已经是春天了。
(7)用在if
only
引起的感叹句中。如:
If
only
the
driver
hadn’t
driven
so
fast!
司机要是没开那么快就好了!
(8)动词wish引导的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的情况时,从句用一般过去时态;表示与过去事实相反的情况时,从句用过去完成时;表示与将来事实相反的情况时,从句用would+动词原形。如:
I
wish
I
were
taller.我要是个子高一些就好了。
We
wish
you
had
come
to
our
New
Year’s
party.
我们真希望你来参加了我们的新年联欢会。
I
wish
you
would
stay
a
little
longer.
我希望你再待一会儿。
(9)would
rather,would
sooner等表示愿望时,其宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句一般用过去时态表示现在或将来的愿望,用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。如:
I
would
rather
you
came
tomorrow.
我宁愿你明天来。
I’d
rather
you
hadn’t
done
it.
我宁愿你没这样做。
I’d
rather
she
left
the
heavy
work
to
someone
else.
我宁愿她把重活留给别人。(共62张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Task
&
Project
Pre-reading?
一、写作词汇
预习Task
&
Project部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—Why
has
he
become
so
rich
in
such
a
short
time?
—He
is
in
(拥有)
of
a
company
from
his
aunt.?
2.—How
will
you
persuade
your
father
to
quit
smoking?
—I
will
try
every
(方法).?
3.—What
does
your
brother
do
in
that
city?
—He
works
as
an
(口译员).?
4.—What
do
you
think
of
your
new
colleague?
—He
is
a
man
who
believes
in
honoring
his
(承诺).?
possession
means
interpreter
commitments
Pre-reading?
5.The
young
man
had
been
working
hard
to
get
the
(空缺的)
position.At
the
same
time,he
tried
his
best
to
get
rid
of
the
(障碍)
in
the
way.I
(提醒)
him
to
pay
attention
to
his
health,but
he
wouldn’t
listen.Later,he
(身体垮掉).?
6.The
(全体员工)
in
this
company
are
working
hard.What
the
manager
says
at
the
meeting
(有作用).He
often
says
that
he
will
improve
the
working
conditions
and
try
to
solve
the
(棘手的)
problems.So
the
company
is
never
(处于混乱状态).?
vacant
barriers
reminded
broke
down
staff
makes
a
difference
troublesome
in
chaos
Pre-reading?
二、阅读词汇
预习Task
&
Project部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。
The
old
man
had
retired
from
the
company
and
he
oftenthought
back
to
1.
those
days
when
he
worked
there.The
company
used
to
be
located
in
a
mountainous
2.
area.He
often
went
there
by
bike.One
of
his
colleagues
3.
got
hold
of
4.
a
chance
and
left
there,but
he
and
his
assistant
5.
remained
there.Later,he
obtained
6.
a
higher
position.?
回想
多山的
同事
抓住
助手
获得
Pre-reading?
三、阅读课文“Changing
the
world—my
commitment”,判断下列句子正(T)误(F)
1.The
medical
team
consists
of
five
people:there
are
two
doctors,two
assistants
and
a
nurse.
2.Many
local
people
there
can’t
speak
English
or
French,so
the
author
has
some
difficulty
in
communicating
with
them.
3.The
author’s
job
there
is
not
only
being
a
nurse
but
also
being
a
person
who
can
listen
to
and
comfort
others
who
have
lost
everything
as
well
as
some
of
their
family.
4.The
only
job
in
Sudan
for
the
author
was
to
set
up
centres
to
ensure
that
people
got
food
and
to
check
the
health
of
babies
to
make
sure
they
were
putting
on
weight.
答案:1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F
1
Possessions(P58)财产
★考点:possession
n.个人财产;拥有;具有
①That
famous
painting
has
come
into
his
possession.
那幅名画已经落入他的手里。
②Their
family
home
and
possessions
were
destroyed
in
the
fire.
他们家的房子和财产都在大火中被烧毁了。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
③Our
university
is
now
in
possession
of
those
buildings.
现在那些楼房是我们大学的。
词组
含义
?
④The
company
is
in
the
possession
of
a
young
man.
这个公司是一个年轻人的。
词组
?
含义
?
⑤We
have
bought
the
house,but
we
can’t
take/get
possession
of
it
before
July.
我们买下了这座房子,但是要到七月份我们才能真正拥有。
词组
?
含义
?
in
possession
of
拥有……
in
the
possession
of
被……拥有
take/get
possession
of
拥有……
⑥They
are
potential
powers
we
possess:energy,skill,sound
judgment,creative
ideas—even
physical
strength
greater
than
most
of
us
realize.
它们是我们拥有的潜力:精力、技能、明智的判断、有创造性的想法——甚至比我们大多数人意识到的都要大的力气也算。
词性
含义
?
⑦Though
plain-looking,Mary
is
possessed
of
great
intelligence.
虽然相貌平平,玛丽却拥有智慧。
词组
?
含义
?
动词
拥有
be
possessed
of
拥有……
possession
n.
个人财产;拥有;具有
in
possession
of
拥有……
in
the
possession
of被……拥有
take/get
possession
of拥有……
possess
v.
拥有
be
possessed
of拥有……
易混辨析?
possess,own和have
possess较正式,强调对目前拥有或占有的东西可以控制或支配;也用于表示具有某种才能、品质特点或性能等。
own强调所属关系。
have为常用词,可指任何情况下的具有,包括物质的或精神的。
2
Health
care
is
limited
as
there
are
no
doctors
or
nurses
in
the
villages—no
one
has
the
means
to
pay
them.(P59)
医疗保健资源有限,因为村里没有医生和护士——没有人能出钱。
★考点:means
n.手段;方法
①The
cow
was
their
only
means
of
support,in
fact.
事实上,这头奶牛是他们唯一的支撑。
②In
China,the
car
is
getting
to
be
a
popular
means
of
transportation.
在中国,汽车逐渐成为受欢迎的交通工具。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的含义
③—Do
you
mind
if
I
invite
a
few
friends?—By
all
means.
——我邀请几个朋友你介意吗?——当然可以。
含义
?
④It
was
by
no
means
excellent
but
still
better
than
last
year.
它绝不能说是极好,但仍然比去年好。
含义
?
⑤They
arrived
at
the
small
country
by
means
of
a
land
bridge.
他们通过一座大陆桥到达了这个小国家。
含义
?
当然可以
绝不
通过……
易混辨析?
way,method和means
三个词均可表示“方法;方式”,但其用法有所不同。
(1)way是可数名词,其后可接of短语或不定式短语作后置定语。
I
know
a
better
way
to
do
it.
我知道一个更好地做这件事的方法。
He
had
a
strange
way
of
making
his
classes
lively
and
interesting.
他有一种奇特的方法使课堂生动有趣。
(2)method是可数名词,指(系统的、逻辑的)方法,办法,其后可接of
doing
sth.,通常不接不定式。
We
solved
the
problem
by
this
method.
我们用这种方法解决了这一问题。
I’d
like
to
see
more
scientific
methods
used.
我愿意看到更多的科学办法被使用。
(3)means单复数相同,其前有a,one,this,that,every等时,表示单数意义,有these,those,all等时表示复数意义,其后可接不定式,也可接of
doing
sth.。
Every
possible
means
has
been
tried.
每一种可能的方法都被试过了。
All
possible
means
to
solve
the
water
pollution
have
been
tried.
所有可能解决水污染的方法都被试过了。
注意
(1)means是单复数同形的名词,要根据句意来决定其谓语的单复数形式。例:
为救这个男孩一切办法都试过了。
Every
means
has
been
tried
to
save
the
boy.
=All
means
have
been
tried
to
save
the
boy.
(2)by
no
means位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装形式。
By
no
means
will
I
give
in
to
them.
我是绝不会向他们屈服的。
a
means
of
……的方式
by
all
means当然可以
by
no
means绝不
by
means
of通过……
3
The
trees
around
the
villages
are
gone,so
people
have
to
walk
further
and
further
away
to
obtain
wood
for
cooking
and
heating.(P59)
村庄周围的树不见了,因此人们不得不走得越来越远去获得做饭和取暖的木头。
★考点:obtain
vt.
获得;得到;买到
①Where
can
I
obtain
the
book?
我在哪里能买到这本书?
②We
obtain
knowledge
through
books.
我们从书本中获得知识。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义
③The
custom
still
obtains
in
some
countries.
这种风俗在某些国家仍旧流行。
词性
含义
?
④Different
laws
obtain
in
different
places.
不同的法律适用在不同的地方。
词性
含义
?
⑤These
are
not
easily
obtainable
materials.
这些不是可以轻易得到的材料。
词性
含义
?
动词
流行
动词
适用,通行
形容词
可得到的
4
However,if
the
pump
breaks
down,repairing
it
can
be
troublesome,as
an
engineer
has
to
come
from
the
nearest
town
to
repair
it.(P59)
然而如果水泵坏了,修理它会很麻烦,因为工程师必须从最近的镇上赶来修理水泵。
★考点:break
down
出故障;抛锚;中止;失败;分解;身体垮掉
①【高考典句】
(2020天津)Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
realized—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help
break
down
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
琼斯的想法已经完全实现了——“乐于聊天”长椅有助于打破无形的阻碍人们打招呼的社交障碍。
②Talks
between
the
two
sides
have
broken
down.
双方谈判已经失败了。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的相关词组及含义
③She
broke
away
from
his
hands
and
ran
away.
她挣脱了他的手,跑掉了。
词组
?
含义
?
④The
marriage
broke
up
just
a
few
years
later.
仅仅几年这桩婚姻就破裂了。
词组
含义
?
⑤A
house
in
this
area
was
broken
into
last
night.
昨天晚上这个地区的一座房子被闯入了。
词组
含义
?
⑥Each
child
broke
off
a
piece
of
bread.
每个孩子都掰了一片面包。
词组
含义
?
break
away
from
挣脱,脱离
break
up
破裂
break
into
闯入
break
off
折断
⑦The
other
day
a
quarrel
broke
out
between
the
couple.
前几天,这对夫妇发生了争吵。
词组
含义
?
⑧A
group
of
thieves
attempted
to
break
through
the
police
lines.
一群小偷试图突破警察的防线。
词组
含义
?
break
out
爆发
break
through
突破
break
down出故障;抛锚;中止;失败;分解;身体垮掉
break
away
from挣脱,脱离
break
up破裂
break
into闯入
break
off折断
break
out爆发
break
through突破
5
Children
sit
on
the
floor,and
there
is
often
only
one
teacher
to
teach
all
the
children
even
though
they
are
of
different
ages.(P59)
孩子们坐在地板上,通常只有一位老师教所有的孩子,即使他们不同龄。
★考点:
“(be+)of+名词”结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时,表示不同的人或物的共同特征,此时名词前通常带有冠词。常用的名词有size/kind/type/price/height/depth/width/length/weight/age/shape/colour等。
①Two
of
his
greatest
films,City
Lights
and
Modern
Times,were
of
this
kind.
他的两部最成功的电影《城市之光》和《摩登时代》都属于这类。
②The
two
boys
are
of
an
age.
这两个小男孩同岁。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,替换黑体部分
③What
he
said
at
the
meeting
was
of
great
value.
他在会上讲的话很有价值。
替换
?
④This
medicine
is
of
little
use.
这种药没什么效果。
替换
?
⑤The
book
is
of
little
value.
这本书没什么价值。
替换
?
was
very
valuable
is
useless
is
valueless
6
Changing
the
world—my
commitment(P62)
改变世界——我的义务
★考点:commitment
n.承诺;保证;投入;奉献;不得不做的事情
①We
have
made
a
commitment
to
help,and
we
will.
我们已经答应帮忙,就一定会做到。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性、相关词组及含义
②The
study
aims
to
find
out
what
makes
people
commit
crimes.
研究旨在找出人们犯罪的原因。
词性
含义
?
③Reports
suggest
that
the
singer
committed
suicide.
报道暗示那位歌手是自杀的。
词组
含义
?
④The
agreement
commits
them
to
a
number
of
performances
per
year.
协议指定他们每年应当演出的数量。
词性
含义
?
⑤They
will
have
to
commit
more
money
to
the
project
if
it’s
to
succeed.
如果想成功,他们必须把更多的钱投入到工程中。
词性
含义
?
动词
犯(罪)
commit
suicide
自杀
动词
使同意,使承诺
动词
投入
make
a
commitment做出承诺
commit
suicide自杀
commit...to...把……托付给……;把……投入到……
7
Arrived
here
to
find
everything
was
in
chaos.(P62)
到达这里后发现一切都是乱糟糟的。
★考点:本句是省略句,省略了主语I,谓语是arrived,动词不定式to
find
everything
was
in
chaos作结果状语。动词不定式作结果状语,通常表示未预料的,一般为不好的结果。而动词-ing短语也可表结果,动词-ing短语作结果状语,表示自然而然产生的结果。
①He
tried
to
lift
the
stone,only
to
hit
his
foot.
他努力搬起了石头,却砸了自己的脚。
②He
hurried
to
the
station,only
to
be
told
that
the
train
had
left.
他匆忙赶到车站,却被告知,火车开走了。
③His
parents
died,leaving
him
to
be
an
orphan.
他的父母去世了,使他成了孤儿。
8
Yesterday,my
colleagues
on
the
medical
team
and
I
(two
doctors,one
nurse—me—and
two
assistants)
found
a
vacant
health
centre
on
the
north
side
of
the
town.(P62)
昨天,我和医疗队的同事(两名医生,一名护士——我和两名助手)在小镇的北部找到了一个空的保健中心。
★考点:vacant
adj.
空着的;未被占用的,(职位)空缺的
①There
were
many
vacant
seats
in
the
theatre.
剧院里有很多空位子。
②Are
there
any
vacant
positions
in
your
firm?
你们公司的职位有空缺吗?
易混辨析?
empty和vacant
都有“空”的意思,但含义不同。
empty的意思是里面没有东西,具有空无一物的意义,可以用来描绘box,cupboard,bag,room,street,stomach等,如:
This
trunk
is
empty
of
its
contents.这只箱子空空如也。
At
midnight,even
the
busiest
street
is
empty.
午夜时分,甚至最繁忙的大道上也不见人影。
vacant的意思是“闲着的”“无人占据的”,着重指临时的情况,如vacant
seat,vacant
apartment,vacant
position等。
9
...people
who
need
to
take
medicines
regularly
cannot
get
hold
of
them
in
a
disaster
such
as
this.(P62)
……在这样的灾难中,那些需要定期服药的病人无法得到药品。
★考点:get
hold
of
得到;抓住;握住;找到
①Can
you
get
hold
of
Mike
and
tell
him
the
meeting?
你能找到迈克告诉他会议的事情吗?
②I
have
managed
to
get
hold
of
some
good
wine.
我设法搞到了一些好酒。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的含义
③Suddenly
the
girl
got/caught/took
hold
of
his
hand.
突然这个女孩抓住了他的手。
含义
?
抓住
10
It
reminded
me
of
my
time
in
Sudan,where
several
Doctors
without
Borders
staff
were
attacked
as
people
tried
to
get
the
food.(P63)
这使我想起了在苏丹的那段时间,当时人们哄抢食物,有好几名无国界医生组织的工作人员受到了攻击。
★考点:remind
vt.
提醒;使想起
①It
can
do
things
such
as
reminding
an
elderly
family
member
to
take
medicine
or
taking
family
photos.
它能做一些像是提醒老年的家庭成员吃药或者拍家庭照片这样的事情。
②Please
remind
me
to
write
to
my
parents
this
evening.
今晚请提醒我给父母写信。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义
③The
waiter
was
clearing
the
tables,which
served
as
a
reminder
that
it
was
time
to
leave.
服务员在整理桌子,那是在提醒顾客该走了。
词性
含义
?
名词
提醒物;提示
remind
sb.of
sth.提醒某人某事
remind
sb.to
do
sth.提醒某人做某事
reminder
n.提醒物;提示
11
When
I
think
back
to
all
the
experiences
that
I
have
had
around
the
world
since
joining
Doctors
without
Borders,I
feel
that
I
have
been
very
lucky
to
be
able
to
help
others
and
do
something
worthwhile.(P63)
回想起我加入无国界医生组织以来在世界各地的所有经历,我觉得自己非常幸运,能够帮助别人做一些有价值的事情。
★考点:think
back
to回想
①I
have
been
trying
to
think
back
to
that
last
evening.
我一直在努力回想最后的那个晚上。
②The
old
man
often
thinks
back
to
the
past.
这位老人经常回想过去。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的相关词组及含义
③Have
you
had
time
to
think
things
through?
你有时间彻底考虑问题吗?
词组
含义
?
④Let’s
think
over
his
suggestion
before
we
see
him
again.
让我们仔细考虑他的建议后再和他见面吧。
词组
含义
?
⑤She’d
have
to
think
up
a
good
reason
for
being
late.
她不得不为迟到编造一个像样的理由。
词组
含义
?
⑥I’d
think
twice
before
buying
that
car
if
I
were
you.
如果我是你,我就会重新考虑是否要买那辆车。
词组
含义
?
think
through
彻底考虑
think
over
仔细考虑
think
up
编造
think
twice
重新考虑
think
back
to回想
think
through彻底考虑
think
over仔细考虑
think
up编造
think
twice重新考虑,再三考虑
12
I
know
I
can’t
change
the
whole
world,but
I’m
proud
that
I
can
help
here
and
there,and
make
a
difference
to
people’s
lives.(P63)
我知道我无法改变整个世界,但我很自豪,因为我能处处给人们提供帮助,改变他们的生活。
★考点:make
a
difference有作用(关系、影响)
①The
fresh
air
here
will
make
a
difference
to
her
health.
这里的新鲜空气会对她的健康有好处。
②What
you
will
say
will
make
a
big
difference
to
her.
你要说的话会对她有很大的影响。
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的相关词组及含义
③It
made
no
difference
whether
you
would
come
or
not.
你来还是不来没什么关系。
词组
含义
?
④It
is
hard
to
tell
the
difference
between
the
two
vases.
很难判断这两个花瓶的区别。
词组
含义
?
⑤The
man
is
quite
different
from
his
twin
brother.
这个男人和他的孪生哥哥很不相同。
词组
?
含义
?
⑥The
bike
differs
from
that
one
in
color.
这辆自行车在颜色上和那辆不同。
词组
含义
?
make
no
difference
没有影响
tell
the
difference
说出区别
be
different
from...
不同于……
differ
from...
不同于……
make
a
difference起作用(关系、影响)
make
no
difference没有影响
tell
the
difference说出区别
be
different
from...不同于……
differ
from...不同于……(共6张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Writing
如何写建议信
建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告,以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题。建议信可以写给个人,也可以写给某个组织或者机构。建议信要给出写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由,而且提出的理由要合情合理,语气一定要得当,既要委婉礼貌,又要有说服力。
写作技巧与方法:
1.注意信件的基本格式;
2.明确写作意图,简要陈述事由,简单介绍自己,注意语气;
3.针对具体情况提出善意的建议;
首段:简介自己,说明目的,注意语气
主体:提出具体建议,时时提到你我,否则容易跑题写成议论文
4.总结建议,对自己提出的所有建议,简要地作个小结,提出希望采纳建议。
1.I
am
writing
to
express
my
views
concerning...
我写信给你是表达我对……的观点。
2.I
would
like
to
suggest
that...我想建议你……
3.You
have
asked
for
my
advice
with
regard
to...and
I
will
try
to
make
some
suggestions.
你问我关于……的建议,我想提出一些建议。
4.Why
don’t
you...?为什么不……?
5.Have
you
considered
doing...?你考虑过……吗?
6.Maybe
it
would
be
better
to...或许……会更好的。
7.There
are
several
things
we
could
do.
我们可以做几件事情。
8.I
hope
you
will
find
these
proposals/suggestions
practical/useful/helpful.
我希望你会觉得这些建议有用。
为了帮助中学生健康成长,某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie,收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰:近日容易发脾气,使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
内容要点如下:
1.表示理解并给予安慰;
2.提出建议(如找朋友倾诉,户外运动,乐观的态度等)。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.信中不能出现与本人相关的信息;
3.信的开头与结尾已为你拟好,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:temper
n.脾气,情绪
Hi
Worried,
I’m
sorry
to
know
that
you’re
having
such
a
bad
time
at
the
moment.?
Yours,
Jamie
参考范文
Hi
Worried,?
I’m
sorry
to
know
that
you’re
having
such
a
bad
time
at
the
moment.You
don’t
have
to
worry
so
much.The
important
thing
is
to
learn
to
control
your
temper
so
that
you
may
not
do
or
say
anything
you’ll
regret.Here
are
three
useful
tips.?
First,talk
to
someone
you
trust
about
how
you
feel.This
is
a
good
way
of
letting
your
anger
out
without
hurting
others
or
yourself.Second,go
outdoors
and
play
games
with
your
friends
as
physical
exercise
is
an
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
anger.And
third,remain
optimistic
about
your
future.Such
a
positive
attitude
towards
life
can
be
helpful
in
lifting
your
spirits.
I
hope
you’ll
soon
feel
calmer
and
carry
on
as
normal.
Yours,
Jamie(共15张PPT)
单元重点小结
重点句型
1.I
am
pleased
to
have
this
chance
today
to
talk
to
you
about
the
United
Nations,or
the
UN, more
often
referred
to.?
我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国,联合国也叫UN—
—这个名称更常用。
2....and
to
contribute
small
amounts
of
money
to
the
people
who
are
taking
part
in
order
to .?
……捐赠一小部分钱给这些参加的人们,为了让这个项目运作起来。
3.—I
did
not
know
very
much
about
what
they
did
before.
— .?
——我对他们以前做的事并不是很了解。
——我也是。
as
it
is
get
the
project
going
Neither
did
I
4. there
were
more
people
donating
money
to
charities!?
要是有更多的人捐款给慈善机构多好!
5.Arrived
here
everything
was
in
chaos.?
到达这里后发现一切都是乱糟糟的。
If
only
to
find
重点语法
虚拟语气(Ⅱ)
1.错综虚拟语气
If
I
were
you,I
.?
如果我是你,我就在法国度假。
2.用otherwise/with/without/but
for等代替条件句
I’m
too
busy
now, .?
我现在太忙了,否则我会帮你做的。
3.even
if/as
if/if
only引导的虚拟语气句
Nicholas
is
smiling
.?
尼古拉斯在笑,好像他对此一无所知似的。
would
spend
my
holiday
in
France
otherwise
I
would
help
you
do
the
work
as
if
he
knew
nothing
about
it
4.wish/would
rather后面的宾语从句
I
wish
.?
我但愿世界上没有战争。
5.表示建议、要求等虚拟语气句
The
situation
.?
情况要求每人都要到场。
there
were
no
wars
in
the
world
required
that
everyone
be
present
功能
Talking
about
the
weather(谈论天气)
1.
It
looks
like
it’s
going
to
be
sunny.今天看来像是个晴天。
2.Yes,it’s
much
better
than
yesterday.是的,比昨天好多了。
3.They
say
we’re
going
to
get
some
rain
later.据说待会儿要下雨。
4.I
think
it’s
going
to
be
a
nice
day.我想今天会是一个晴天。
5.It’s
certainly
a
big
improvement
over
yesterday.肯定比昨天大有好转。
6.But
it’s
supposed
to
get
cloudy
and
windy
again
this
afternoon.但是,据说今天下午又要转阴刮风了。
7.Well,the
worst
of
the
winter
should
be
over.哦,冬天最糟糕的日子总该结束了。
8.It
seems
to
be
clearing
up.看来天要放晴了。
9.I
really
don’t
think
this
weather
will
last.我确实认为这样的天气长不了。
10.Let’s
just
hope
it
doesn’t
get
cold
again.但愿不会再冷。
11.I
wish
it
would
stay
this
way
for
the
weekend.但愿整个周末都能保持这样的好天气。
12.As
long
as
it
doesn’t
snow!只要不下雪就行啊!
走近高考
短文改错解题技巧
一、命题特点
短文改错在命题时主要从词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑三个方面进行命题,一般情况下,10处错误中,缺词一处,多词一处,其余八处是词法、句法或者行文逻辑方面的错误。常见设题角度有以下几种:
1.一致关系:包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代等。
2.平行结构:包括动词与动词相配、形容词与形容词相配、分词与分词相配、不定式与不定式相配等。
3.非谓语动词的用法:如不定式符号to的省略、过去分词与现在分词的误用等。
4.多余词:常常是介词、副词等的多余。
5.词性的混用:文中使用了错误的词类,导致了句法错误,如使用动词原形作主语等。
6.行文逻辑判断:文中使用了错误的逻辑标志词或过渡词,如在表示顺承关系时使用了however或but等。
二、解题技巧
1.通读全文,把握大意。在理解全文的基础上,关注全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。
2.分句阅读,逐句找错误。在纠错时要仔细读懂每一个句子,从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个方面进行考虑,并关注常考类型的设题角度。
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拓展阅读
The
meaning
of
the
word
“volunteer”
may
be
a
little
different
in
different
countries,but
it
usually
means
“one
who
offers
his
or
her
services”.Volunteers
may
work
within
their
own
countries
or
in
other
countries.They
are
often
people
with
a
strong
wish
to
help
those
who
are
less
fortunate
than
themselves.Volunteers
don’t
expect
any
kind
of
pay.
Here
are
stories
of
two
volunteers
coming
to
Nepal
to
help:
“I
came
to
Nepal
not
knowing
what
to
expect
but
it
turned
out
to
be
the
most
rewarding1
experience
of
my
life.First
of
all,Kamal,my
translator2,was
wonderful
and
he
always
tried
his
best
to
make
me
feel
comfortable.The
first
few
days
in
Chitwan,I
wasn’t
sure
what
to
do
with
myself
since
there
was
no
program
in
place.Then
Kamal
came
and
made
me
realize
that
my
trip
would
be
what
I
would
make
of
it.Now
I
have
plans
to
work
to
fund
a
factory
for
women.This
trip
has
truly
changed
my
life.I
will
definitely
be
back
to
Nepal.”
“I
was
able
to
see
some
of
the
major
attractions
of
Nepal
through
the
program
offered
by
Fun-NEPAL.I
was
able
to
volunteer
in
a
farming
community
teaching
Math
and
English.There,I
experienced
first-hand
how
they
live,what
they
eat,and
how
they
observe
their
religious3
beliefs.Not
only
did
I
immerse4
myself
in
Nepalese
culture
learning
their
traditions,customs
and
beliefs,I
also
made
a
lot
of
friends.It
was
a
travel
adventure
I
will
never
forget
and
I
will
always
cherish5
in
my
heart!”
词海拾贝?
1.rewarding[rI?w??dI?]
adj.
值得的
2.translator[tr?nz?leIt?(r)]
n.翻译员
3.religious[rI?lId??s]
adj.
宗教的
4.immerse
[I?m??s]
vt.
沉浸
5.cherish[?t?erI?]
vt.
珍爱
理解诱思?
1.What
can
we
learn
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.Volunteers
only
work
within
their
own
countries.
B.Volunteers
offer
to
help
in
order
to
get
some
money.
C.Volunteers
often
help
those
who
are
very
lucky.
D.Volunteers
often
offer
to
help
without
expecting
any
pay.
2.If
you
were
given
a
chance
to
be
a
volunteer,what
would
you
do?
答案:1.D 2.I
would
try
my
best
to
help
those
who
are
in
need.
