首师大附中 吴胜会
Lesson 3 Teachers
教材分析：
本课是第十五单元第3 课，经过前面两课的学习，学生已经对教育和学校的话题有更深入的感受和认识。本课课文是Graham Lawrence对他的学生时代学业的回顾，特别是对他的老师Brian Jenkins对他的帮助的感谢；还有一段他的老师Brian Jenkins对他的学生Graham的回忆短文。通过阅读，学生将从学生和老师不同角度体会教师的工作和他们工作的价值。本课难度不大，学生本身就有很多的师生交流的体验。学生在本课中，要领会自信和兴趣是成功的关键，同时认识到在一个人的成长中老师的作用是至关重要的。本课的重点是通过阅读师生两个人的回顾，学习相关的词汇和表达法，并在此基础上，用自己的语言向他人介绍曾给自己帮助很大的某个老师。本课的语法是I wish构成的虚拟句式。本课重点是让学生理解并记住该虚拟句式的动词变化形式，并能在语境中使用。
本课计划分两课时进行：第一课时通过略读和细读，提取、组织有关师生双方的经历和体会的相关信息并能进行表达，学习和体会相关词汇的用法，体验I wish构成的虚拟句式在语篇中的运用；第二课时的重点是观察、归纳I wish构成的虚拟句式在语境中的区别和用法，并能在语言实践中使用该虚拟句式表达自己曾经历过的后悔经历。
教学内容：
话题：师生两人对彼此的回顾（阅读）
词汇：重点词汇： suppose, become interested in, subject, boring, make everything interesting, practical examples, simplify, pour, powder, flame, set off, lack confidence, give a presentation, bad behaviour, spit, drag, decrease the size of classes, worthwhile
相关词汇： rocket, triangle, angle, atom, acid, onion, laboratory
语法：I wish构成的虚拟句式
第一课时
First Period
教学目标
在本课学习结束时，学生能够：
1. 认读新词汇并使用新词汇转述课文；
2. 提取和整理有关师生双方的细节信息；
3. 用自己的语言描述对自己帮助很大的老师
教学过程
教学步骤 教学活动Activities 设计意图Intentions 互动模式&时间IP & Time
Lead in
Step 1Lead-in Talk about teacher’s own favorite teacherAsk the Ss to talk about their own favorite teaches [PPT 1] 激发学生的兴趣，将他们引入师生这一话题 IWCW2'
Pre-reading
Step 2Reading Pre-reading Vocabulary1. Show some pictures and ask the Ss what we usually have for breakfast.2. Guide the Ss to get the meaning of some new words by asking questions.[PPT 1-4] 帮助学生了解几个在阅读中的新词 CW4'
While-reading
Step3- Scanning Ask the Ss to quickly go through the passage to find some information to answer the next two questionsWhat kind of teacher was Mr. Jenkins What kind of student was Graham [PPT 6-7] 进一步提高学生的速读水平 IW & CW3'
Step4-Filling the form Play the tape for the Ss to read aloud the passage Ask them to complete the form with more detailed information[PPT 8-10] 帮助学生通过表格的提问和复数将所学的表达法内化 IW & GW12'
Step5-While-reading vocabulary When checking the form, encourage the Ss to infer the meaning of the next three new words: lack, access, worthwhile as well as the sentence: The governmentshould have put more money towards science education.[PPT 11-16] 进一步提高学生在上下文中猜测词义的能力 IW & CW5'
After-reading
Step3 Discussion After-readingAsk the Ss to exchange ideas about what makes a good teacher.Encourage them express their ideas.[PPT 17] 通过完成具体的任务，提高学生综合运用语言的能力 PWGW9'
第二课时
Second Period
教学目标
在本课学习结束时，学生能够：
1. 发现I wish构成的虚拟句式的动词变化形式。
2. 用I wish构成的虚拟句式表达后悔经历。
教学过程
教学步骤 教学活动Activities 设计意图Intentions 互动模式&时间IP & Time
Review
Step1: Revision Ask the Ss to find the sentences which show Mr. Jenkins or Graham’s regrets[PPT 1] 通过寻找相关的句子激活学生对课文的记忆。 IWCW4'
Grammar
Step2: Exploring the structure Lead the Ss to finish Ex 3 in Page 40Encourage them to find out the structure as well as the verbs’ change when using wish and should to express regretsGive more real language situations for Ss to try to use wish or should to express advice or regrets[PPT 1-9] 帮助学生理解I wish构成虚拟的动词形式并尝试在语境中应用 CW10'
Practice
Step3: Practice Offer some language situations for Ss to complete the sentences or make up a new sentence to express regrets[PPT 10-17] 进一步加强学生在语境中对该虚拟句式的应用，并在使用中逐步掌握 IW & CW13'
Application
Step4Presenation Encourage the Ss to express their regrets in groups[PPT 18] 通过完成具体的任务，提高学生综合运用语言的能力 PWGW8'
第一课时学案
Pre-reading Discussion
Your favorite teacher: ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Reading comprehension
Fill in the next form
Graham I used to be With Mr. Jenkins’s help, I changed.
a _________studentfound it all ____________3.___________ confidence He made _______________________________, so I ________________________. He made me ____________________________.Now I am __________________________.
Mr. Jenkins How do I feel about Graham now What do I think about teaching nowadays Why do I like being a teacher
Word Bank
第二课时学案
language situations
(1) I am waiting for a bus in the rain. The street is very busy so I am afraid that I will be late for school today.
It rains a lot. I wish __________________________.
I can’t fly to the school. I wish ___________________.
(2) Jim was absent yesterday. I was so busy that I didn’t call him to ask what was wrong with him.
* He ate so much cake. I wish ___________________________.
* I didn’t call him. I wish _____________________________.
Practice
*I don’t know many people ( and I’m lonely). _________________________________.
*I don’t have a key (and I need one). _________________________________.
*I live in a big city (and I don’t like it). _________________________________.
*When you were younger, you didn’t learn to play a musical instrument. Now you regret this.
_______________________________________________________________________.
* You’ve painted the gate red. Now you think that it doesn’t look very nice.
_______________________________________________________________________.
*I’m in a difficult position. What do you think ___________ (do)
*We don’t see you enough. You __________________ us more often.(come)
*When we got to the restaurant, there were no free tables. We hadn’t reserved one.
________________________________________________________________________.
*I went to Paris. A friend of mine lives in Paris but I didn’t go to see him while I was there. When I saw him later, he said: _______________________________________________.
The new words I’ve learned
Words used to describe teachers(共97张PPT)
Unit 15 Learning
学习
考纲知识预览
重点单词
1． vt.简化→ adj.简单的，易懂的
2. v．怀疑→ n．嫌疑犯，被怀疑的人 adj.可疑的→ adj.(对……)起疑心的；令人起疑的→ n．怀疑，疑心
3． v．教导，指导→ n．教育，指导→ adj.有益的，有教育意义的
simplify
simple
suspect
suspect
suspicious
suspicion
instruct
instruction
instructive
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4． n．作业；任务，工作→ vt.分配；指定，任命
5． adj.可选择的，另类的→
n．选择，替代物
6． n．惩罚，处罚→
vt.惩罚
7． vt.反映；反射→ n．反射；反省；想法
8． adj.少量的，微小的→ adv.稍微地，微小地
assignment
assign
alternative
alternative
punishment
punish
reflect
reflection
slight
slightly
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9． v．误解→
n．误解，误会→
v．理解，懂
10． n．接近或进入之路→
adj.(场所)易到达的，(事物)易到手的，(人)易接近的
11． adj.值得的→ adj.值得努力的→ adj.值，值得
12． v．缺乏，缺少，没有→ n．缺乏；匮乏；短缺→ adj.没有的，缺乏的
misunderstand
misunderstanding
understand
access
accessible
worthy
worthwhile
worth
lack
lack
lacking
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13． vt.忽视，不管，不理会→
n．无知→ 无知的，愚昧的
14． v．使适应，改编，改造→
adj.有适应能力的→ n．改编本，改写本
15． v．鼓舞，鼓励→
n．灵感，给予鼓舞(激励)之人/事
16． adj.传统的，保守的→ n．惯例，习俗
ignore
ignorance
ignorant
adapt
adaptable
adaptation
inspire
inspiration
conventional
convention
考纲知识预览
17． adj.有用的，有益的→
n．& v．利益；对……有益，受惠
18． vt.假定，假设→
n．假定，假设
19． n．欣赏→ vt.重视，鉴赏，感激
20． v．感到遗憾；惋惜→
adj.失望的，令人惋惜的
beneficial
benefit
assume
assumption
appreciation
appreciate
regret
regretful
考纲知识预览
高频短语
1． 老实说，说实话
2． 裁员；解雇
3． 发呆
4． 充满
5． 除……之外
6． 关掉(……的)开关
7． 行为不检点，品行不端
frankly speaking
lay off
go blank
swell with
aside from
loose conduct
switch off
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8． 在某种程度上
9． 出发
10． 延期，推迟
11． 习惯于
12． 经常做，倾向于
13． 赞成，赞许
14． 总的来说
15． 最后，总之
to a certain extent
set off
put off
be accustomed to
tend to
approve of
as a whole
in conclusion
考纲知识预览
常考句型
1．Now I’m the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.
现在，我就要从清华大学继续教育学院远程计算机工程专业毕业，获得学士学位。
about to graduate from
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2．In the past，if someone like me
to get into university through the college exam，he no chance of getting a degree.
过去，像我这样高考失败而没有进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。
3．I decided that it was time I
an Internet user.
我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。
had failed
would have had
became
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4．Anyway，it’s time now.
不管怎样，我现在得走了。
5．...I difficult at school...
……在上学时，我本不该这么叛逆……
6．Sometimes I wish I him and ask for his opinion!
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！
could phone
shouldn’t have been so
for me to go
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1. worthwhile adj. 值得努力的，值得花钱的，值得花时间的
（1）It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事
（2）worth adj.值得……
be worth doing值得做
It is worth one’s while to do/doing...值得做……
单词点击
点对点
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（3）worthy adj.值得的
be worthy of+n.值得……的
be worthy to be done/of being done值得做……
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It is worthwhile to see the film/seeing the film.
这部电影值得一看。
The work is well worth mentioning.
这项工作很值得一提。
His deed is worthy to be praised/of being praised.
他的行为值得称赞。
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【注意】 (1)worthwhile常用于It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.句型中，表示做某事是值得的，但不能说sth.is worthwhile doing。
(2)worth常用“be well worth doing”表示“很值得做……”，不用very。
(3)be worth doing中doing是主动形式表示被动含义，不可用being done。
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1.It is not________to discuss the question again and again.
A．worth B．worthy
C．worthwhile D．worth while
解析：选C。由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。
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2．The museum is________visiting.
A．worth of B．worthy
C．worth D．worthy to
解析：选C。be worth doing意为“值得做某事”。
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2. suspect vt.& n． 怀疑；不信任；嫌疑犯；可疑对象
adj. 可疑的；不可靠的
suspect sth.怀疑某事
suspect that?clause怀疑……
suspect sb.of（doing）sth.怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事
suspect sb.to be...猜想某人是……
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I began to suspect(that)they were trying to get rid of me.
我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。
They suspect him of murder.
他们怀疑他犯有谋杀罪。
What made you suspect her of having taken the money
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？
The police arrested the suspect yesterday.
警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。
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3．—Johnson was taken away by police yesterday.
—Sure.It is said that he was ________ of a theft.
A．charged B．suspected
C．innocent D．guilty
解析：选B。be suspected of“被怀疑”。与charge搭配的介词是with；innocent，guilty与句意不吻合。
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3. alternative adj. 可选择的；另类的
n．(两者或两者以上)选择；二选其一；可供选择的东西；替代物
alternative energy可替代能源
an alternative to...……的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做……
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I’m afraid I have no alternative but to report you to the police.
恐怕除了向警方告发你以外，我是别无选择了。(朗文P39)
The only alternative to being taken prisoner was to die fighting.
除了当俘虏之外，唯一的选择就是奋战至死了。(朗文P39)
We had to fight；there was no(other)alternative.
我们必须战斗，此外别无选择。(朗文P39)
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4．I offered the________suggestion of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.
A．alternative B．another
C．other D．others
解析：选A。alternative“两者择一的”，其他的无此用法。
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4. lack vt.& vi. 缺乏，缺少，没有
n． 缺乏，没有，缺少的东西
lacking adj. 没有的，缺乏的；不足的
for lack of因缺乏……
a lack of 缺少……
have no lack of不缺乏……
lack for nothing一无所缺
be lacking in...在……方面缺乏
lack money/courage缺钱/缺乏勇气
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A lack of food caused her to grow weak.
缺少食物导致她变得很弱。
We still lack the necessary information.
我们仍缺少必要的信息。
We cannot discuss the details now for lack of time.
因时间有限，我们现在无法讨论细节。
She lacked the confidence to make friends.
她缺乏交朋友的信心。
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思维拓展
be short of缺乏，缺少
run short of sth.把某物即将用尽
sth.runs short……不足、短缺
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5．Though________natural resources，the area is well developed.
A．lacked B．lacking of
C．lacking D．lacked in
解析：选C。lacking为现在分词与though连用作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句：Though the area lacks natural resources....。句意：尽管缺乏自然资源，该地区仍很发达。
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5. regret vt. 懊悔；遗憾；惋惜 n． 懊悔；遗憾；惋惜
regret doing sth.后悔做过某事
regret to do sth.（regret to say/inform/tell...）
对要做的事感到抱歉（遗憾地说/通知/告诉……）
I regret that...很遗憾……
with（great/deep）regret（非常）遗憾
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It is to be regretted that...
可惜的是……，令人遗憾的是……
regret at sth.对某事遗憾/失望
much to one’s regret使某人深感遗憾的是
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Later on，I regretted my decision not to take the job.
后来，我后悔没有接受这个职务。(朗文P1266)
We’ve always deeply regretted selling the farm.
我们一直为卖掉了这个农场后悔不已。(朗文P1266)
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I regret that I will be unable to attend.
很遗憾，我不能参加。(朗文P1266)
We regret to inform you that you owe the bank ￡100.
我们很遗憾地告诉你，你欠银行一百英镑。(朗文P1266)
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6．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
—Well，now I regret________ that.
A．to do B．to be doing
C.to have done D．having done
解析：选D。regret doing/having done something后悔做过某事。
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6. access n． 接近，进入，通路；接近(或进入)的方法，到达(或进入，使用，走访)的权利(或机会)
vt. 存(数据)；取(数据)；存取；访问；接近，使用
accessible adj. 可到达的，可进入的，可理解的
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access to接近……的机会，进入……的权利
have/get/gain/obtain access to
得以接近，得以会见，得以进入
give access to接见，准许进入
be accessible to易接近的；能进入；易受影响；可以理解
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He gained access to/into the building through the window.
他通过窗户进入大楼。
I had no access to education when I was young.
我小时候没有受教育的机会。
The old man is easy of access.那老人很容易接近。
An open minded person is accessible to reasons.
虚心的人易于服理。
The village is not accessible by car.
那个村子汽车无法抵达。
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7．完成句子
(1)The island is only________by boat.
答案：accessible
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(2)Cats should always have ________ to fresh water.
答案：access
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8．He succeeded in making a difficult subject accessible________the readers.
A．with B．to
C．for D．by
解析：选B。句意：他成功地把一个棘手的题目变得易于读者理解。be accessible to... 在此表示“易于……理解”。
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7. assume v． 假定，假设；承担，取得(权力)，就(职)；呈现；认为；装出；行使；担任，承担
assumption n． 假定；设想
assume sb./sth.to be...假设，假定某人/某事为……
on the assumption that假定
make assumptions about臆断，假定
assuming（that）...=supposing/suppose（that）...
假定……
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If he’s not here in five minutes，we’ll assume(that)he isn’t coming.
要是他再过五分钟还不来，我们就认为他是不来了。(朗文P73)
You will assume your new responsibilities tomorrow.
你明天就任新职。(朗文P73)
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We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.
我们假定了每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
Assuming(that)you’re right about this，what shall we do
假定在这件事情上你是对的，那我们该怎么办？(朗文P73)
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9．完成句子
(1)Let us________(假设)for a moment that the plan succeeds.
答案：assume
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(2)We need to challenge some of the basic________(假设)of western philosophy.
答案：assumptions
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8. adapt v． 使适应；改编，改造
adapt（oneself）to...使……适应
adapt...for...将……改编为……
adapt from...根据……改编
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These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
这些式样可以修改，以适应个人不同爱好。
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
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比较网站
adapt，adjust
(1)adapt指修改或改变，使某物或某人做些改变以适应新的条件。
(2)adjust指借正当的判断或熟练的技巧进行“调整、调节”，以使两者互相适应。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。(牛津P19)
It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
她过了一段时间才适应单身生活。
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10．翻译句子
(1)她很快适应了这种新气候。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：She adapted(herself)quickly to the new climate.
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(2)这本小说已被改编成剧本。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：This play has been adapted from a novel.
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9. ignore vt. 忽视，不管，不理会
ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/不理会某事
be in ignorance（of/about sth.）（对某事物的）无知
be ignorant （of/about sth.）（对某事物）不了解/无知
be ignorant that...不知某事
She ignored him and carried on with her work.
她没理他，继续干她的活。
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比较网站
ignore，overlook，neglect
(1)ignore指有意从开始就不理睬。
(2)overlook指由于不注意或胸怀宽大而忽略其他人的过错。
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(3)neglect“忽略，疏忽”，指没做到该做的事情或没尽到应尽的责任。
The government would be unwise to ignore the growing dissatisfaction with its economic policies.
政府忽视对其经济政策的日益增长的不满是不明智的。(朗文P756)
He seems to have overlooked one important fact.
他好像忽略了一个重要的事实。(牛津P1229)
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The buildings have been neglected for years.
这些大楼多年来一直无人看管。(牛津P1156)
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11．At that time I________events going on elsewhere，after all，because I was a little boy.
A．was ignorant of
B．was in ignorance
C．was ignorant in
D．was ignorance of
解析：选A。be ignorant of和be in ignorance of两者的意思都为“无知，不知道”，根据句意和句子结构以及所给的选项来做出正确的选择。
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1．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
He likes ________(art)so much and he wants to become an________(art)．
答案：art；artist
单词巧记
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归纳与比较：n.(或 al结尾的形容词)＋ ist
n.(名词)/adj.(形容词) 后缀 (n./adj.＋ ist)人
art(艺术) ist artist(艺术家)
science(科学) scientist(科学家)
social(社会的) socialist(社会学家)
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2．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
There is an________ (end)to life，but learning is________(end)．
答案：end；endless
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归纳与比较：n./v.＋ less
n./v.(名词/动词) 后缀 adj.(形容词)
care(关心) less careless(粗心的)
home(家) homeless(无家可归的)
end(尽头) endless(无止境的)
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10. aside from 除……之外
Aside from that one little problem，the day was perfect.
除了那个小问题外，那天过得好极了。
短语扫描
线连线
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思维拓展
except for除……之外(没有)
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except/but除……之外(没有)
except that＋从句 除……之外
In addition to his job at the university，he’s now running his own research company.
除了他在大学的工作以外，他现在还经营自己的研究公司。
The house was just as I left it except that everything was covered with dust.
除了积满灰尘外，这所房子与我离开时没什么两样。
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12．The city，________being an industrial centre，enjoys a high moral record.
A．as to B．due to
C．in fact D．aside from
解析：选D。as to关于；due to由于；in fact事实上；aside from意为“除……之外”，符合句意。句意：这座城市不仅是一个工业中心，道德风气也一向很好。
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11. to a certain extent 在某种程度上
to some extent在某种程度上
to a great/large extent在很大程度上
to such an extent/to the extent that
达到如此程度/达到……的程度
to what extent...在多大程度上……
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I agree with you to a certain extent.
在某种程度上，我同意你的观点。
To a certain extent，we are all responsible for this tragic situation.
我们都在一定程度上对这悲惨的局面负有责任。
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13．完成句子
(1)我们丢掉合同在某种程度上是我的错。
________________________________it was my fault that we lost the contract.
答案：To a certain extent
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(2)暴力事件多到了令居民不敢出门的程度。
Violence increased________________________that residents were afraid to leave their homes.
答案：to the extent
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(3)对于这种信息缺乏的状况，我们能在多大程度上指责政府呢？
________________________can we blame the government for this lack of information
答案：To what extent
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12. lay off (尤其指在生意萧条期临时性地)解雇(雇员)；停止，中止；戒绝
lay sth.aside储存某物待用
lay out展开；布置；花费
lay on提供，安排
lay the blame on...责怪/责备……
lay stress/emphasis on...强调……
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During the recession they laid us off for three months.
在营业衰退时期，他们停雇了我们三个月。(朗文P857)
You’d better lay off(alcohol)for a while.
你最好戒绝(喝酒)一个时期。(朗文P857)
Lay off hitting me!
住手，别打我了！(朗文P857)
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思维拓展
(1)lay(laid；laid；laying)放置；产(卵)
(2)lie(lay；lain；lying)躺；位于
(3)lie(lied；lied；lying)说谎
(4)lay既是“放置、产(卵)”的原形，又是“躺、位于”的过去式(还可作形容词“外行的”)。lying既是“躺、位于”的现在分词，又是“说谎”的现在分词。
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14．完成句子
(1)她设法每周从薪水中存上几个英镑。
She’d managed to________________a few pounds each week from her wages.
答案：lay aside
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(2)双方开始想方设法互相指责。
Both sides started trying to________________________________each other.
答案：lay the blame on
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(3)哈里下岗6个月了。
Harry was________________for six months.
答案：laid off
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(4)把地图铺在桌上，让我们看一下。
________________the map on the table and let’s have a look.
答案：Lay out
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13. be accustomed to 习惯于
be accustomed（used）to（doing）sth.习惯于（表状态）
become/get accustomed（=used）to（doing）sth.
习惯于（表动作）
accustom oneself/sb.to（doing）sth.
使自己/某人习惯于……
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Painting barns red is an accustomed practice.
仓房刷成红色是一种习俗。
He has become accustomed to the way the teacher gives lectures.
他已经习惯了那个老师的讲课方式。
You must accustom yourself to the new environment.
你必须使自己适应新环境。
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15．The trains________the travelers who want to go to the other places.
A．are accustomed to carrying
B．get used to carry
C．get accustomed to carry
D．are used to carry
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解析：选D。此句为一被动语态的句子，are/get accustomed/used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；are accustomed to do没有这一用法；be used to do sth.被用来做某事。
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14. approve of 赞成，赞许
approve sth.核准（批准）某事
approve of sb./sth.赞成某人（某事）
approve of sb.’s doing sth.同意某人做某事
The minister approved the building plan.
部长批准了这项建筑计划。
Do you approve of my idea
你同意我的想法吗？
Mother doesn’t approve of her smoking.
母亲不赞成她吸烟。
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16．She ________to have lunch with her friend，saying that she wasn’t feeling well.
A．declined B．resigned
C．tended D．approved
解析：选A。decline婉拒。句意：她说自己身体不舒服就婉言谢绝了和朋友共进午餐。resign辞职；tend易于，倾向于；approve赞同，同意。
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15.【教材原句】 Now I’m about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at QingHua University...
现在，我就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业……
【句法分析】 be about to do sth.意为：即将……；正要……。这个结构表示动作即将发生；在be about to do sth.后不能接表示具体时间的时间状语(如：on Sunday；in 2009等)，但可以接when引导的时间状语从句。
句型探究
面对面
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be about to do sth.when...意为“正要干……这时……”。
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
我正要出门，这时电话铃响了。
The meeting was about to be held when it began to rain.
会议正要开始，这时开始下雨了。
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17．I was about to go to bed ________ I heard someone knocking at the door.
A．while B．as
C．when D．before
解析：选C。be about to do sth....when...正要干……这时……。句意：我正要上床睡觉，这时我听见有人在敲门。
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16.【教材原句】 Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion!
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！
【句法分析】 I wish I could...我真希望能……。
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I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round.
但愿北京全年都是秋天。
He wished he had not lost the chance.
他真希望没有失去机会。
I wish it would stop raining.
但愿雨能停住。
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18．翻译句子
(1)我希望我是一只小鸟。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I wish I were a little bird.
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(2)他真希望他没做那件事。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He wishes he hadn’t done that.
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17.【教材原句】 ...I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school...
……我在上学时本不该这么叛逆……
【句法分析】 shouldn’t have done意为“本不应该……(有时含有责怪之意)”。
Look，Tom’s crying.I shouldn’t have been angry at him.
看，汤姆在哭，我本不应该对他发火。
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You should not have said such a thing to him.
你本不应该跟他讲这样的事。(事实上已经讲了)
You should not have left college so early.
你本不应该这样早就中断大学学业。
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思维拓展
情态动词的完成式可表示对过去的虚拟或猜测：
(1)need have done表示必须做的事没做；needn’t have done表示不必做的事而做了。
You needn’t have spent so much time on the problem.
你本不必在这个问题上花费这么长时间。
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(2)ought to＋have＋过去分词，表示“(过去)本应该做某事，而实际却没做”是对已发生的情况的“责备”“惊奇”或“推测”。
You ought to(should)have been more careful in this experiment.
你本应该在这个实验上更仔细些。
(3)can/could＋have＋过去分词，表示“(过去)本能够做某事，而实际上却没做”；其否定形式表示“(过去)不可能做某事”。两者都是对过去情况的一种推测。
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(4)may/might＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去发生的行为的推测，含有“也许”之意。might语气较弱。
Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.菲利普也许在这场汽车事故中伤得很重。
(5)must＋have＋过去分词，表示“(过去)必定发生了某事”，属肯定性推测。
I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.
我没有听见电话响，我一定是睡着了。
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19．I was really anxious about you.You________home without a word.
A．mustn’t leave
B．shouldn’t have left
C．couldn’t have left
D．needn’t leave
解析：选B。句意：我真是很担心你，你不应该没打招呼就离开了家。
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20．Sorry I’m late.I________have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A．might B．should
C．can D．will
解析：选A。句意：对不起，我迟到了。我有可能把闹铃关掉后又睡着了。这里表示对过去的推测，“might have done”句型正好表达此意。
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21．He________without saying goodbye to them，for he always has good manners.
A．mustn’t have left
B．may not leave
C．shouldn’t have left
D．can’t have left
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解析：选D。句意：他不可能没向他们道别就离去了，因为他一向很有礼貌。A项mustn’t have left没有此结构。B项不合时态。C项shouldn’t have left不应该离开而离开了，不合句意。D项can’t have left不可能离开。can’t have done表示对过去的猜测。
随堂即时检测
点击进入
课时活页训练
点击进入Unit15 Learning
同步测试题
说明：本次考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
Ⅰ.听力部分(15分)
听第1段对话，回答1—3题。
Who is the woman most probably speaking to
A passenger.
A railway man.
A conductor.
What do we know about the train
It takes half an hour to Sevenoks.
It is for long journey travelers.
It is a slow train.
What is the woman going to do then
To change to another train.
To give up the journey.
To buy a ticket for this train.
听第2段对话，回答4—5题
4． What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A. Husband and wife.
B. Son and mother.
C. Father and daughter.
5. what does the woman tell the man about
A. The big storm.
B. The power line.
C. The sharp cry in the dark.
听第下面1段独白。请根据题目要求，从听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入标号为6--10的空格中。听录音前，你有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。（5分）
The place of the Mayflower arrived in _________6_________________
The exchanged things of human freight for __________7_________
The year of Jope set twenty Blacks ashore __________8________
The year of Isabella’s first Black child born _________9_________
The length of time of slaves was sold _________10___________
Ⅱ.语言知识及运用
第一节 完型填空（共10小题，每小题2分，总分20分）
The first time that I ever left home was to go on holiday to America. My –(11)—were that the Americans would be very loud and ---(12)---. This was certainly true and I soon ---(13)--- them. However, I also met a few Americans who were shy and modest. One of the nicest people I met in America was a ---(14)--- who worked in a restaurant on my first day and she was really helpful. I had never eaten ---(15)--- and eggs for breakfast before so she made me a few slices of ---(16)---instead. She also told me where I could ---(17)--- my traveler’s cheques. I didn’t really know how the ---(18)--- system works in America so I asked her. She told me that the---(19)--- in America was to tip 15% but that I had to join her that evening to watch her sing in her---(20)--- ! I went along and it was one of the best nights of my holiday.
11 a. expectations b. requests c. ideas d. warnings
12. a. shy b. lovely c. outgoing d. outdoors
13. a. got going b. got used to c. got into d. got ahead
14. a. waiter b. waitress c. headmaster d. chef
15. a. wine b. beer c. food d. bacon
16. a. toast b. roast c. coast d. dessert
17. a. buy b. change c. exchange d. pay
18. a. tiping b. service c. tipping d. serving
19. a. habit b. tradition c. guest d. custom
20. a.. group b. team c. friends d. band
第二节，语法填空，根据上下文在空白处填写适当的词语，或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。(每小题，2分，总分20分)
Expressions about water are almost as common __21__ water itself. But many of the expressions___22___(use) water have unpleasant meanings. The expression ‘to be in hot water” is one of them. It’s ___23___ old expression.
“ Hot water” which was used five hundred years ago means being___24___ trouble. One story it got the meaning ___25___ the custom of throwing down extremely hot water on enemies___26___ (attack) a castle. That no longer happens, but we still get in hot water. ____27____ we are in hot water, we are in trouble. It can be any kind of ____28____,serious or not so serious. A person _____29____ breaks a law can be in hot water with the police. A young boy can be in hot water with his mother if he walks in a house with____30____(dirt) shoes. “ Being in deep water: is almost the same as “ being in hot water”. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult position.
第三部分: 阅读理解 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并把答题卡上
A
Language and culture
Three foreign gentlemen came up to a bus–stop in London. About five minutes later the bus which they waited for came along. They prepared to get on it. Suddenly there was a noise behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The three foreign gentlemen looked puzzled(迷惑) and embarrassed(使困惑) no one had told them about the British custom of waiting for a bus so that the first who arrives at the bus–stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country is not enough. One should know as much as possible about the manners and customs of different countries. You’ll be surprised how different they can be from your own. For example, in India, people consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. In many places you might see a person shaking his head at another to express he is disagreeing, but in Bulgaria a shake of the head means “Yes” and a nod “No”. In Europe it is quite usual to cross your legs when sitting talking to someone, but in Thailand, it is considered impolite.
Knowing about the customs of different countries is not only useful but also important to everyone.
66. Knowing about the manners and customs of different countries __________.
A. is as important as learning their nation languages
B. is as important as learning their languages
C. is not so important as learning their language
D. is much more important than learning their language
67. Someone shouted at the three gentlemen just because __________.
A. they are foreigners
B. they didn’t line up for their turn
C. they got the wrong bus
D. they didn’t buy tickets
68. Passing food at table __________ in India.
A. with your right hand is impolite
B. with your both hands is good manners
C. with your left hand is polite
D. with your left hand is not a polite way
69. Nodding one’s head at another expresses __________ in Bulgaria.
A. disagreement B. agreement C. politeness D. impoliteness
70. The passage tells us that one should know about __________ of different counties.
A. either the language or the customs
B. neither the language nor the customs
C. not only the language but also the customs
D. the language on the customs
B
You have been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give you a blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for you. If the blood is too different from your own, the transfusion could kill you.
There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB and O. A simple test can show a person’s blood type. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood . Blood type, like hair color and height, is received from parents.
Because of substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group; hence, it is often called the universal donor (供血者). For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient (受血者). However, because so many reactions can happen in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (血浆) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. In this way, it is possible to keep away from any bad actions to the transfusion.
There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among Europeans and people of European ancestry, about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O. The rarest is type AB. Other races have different percentages. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O.
36.A good title for this selection is ____________.
A. Getting Blood and Plasma
B. Special Blood Color
C. Human Blood Types
D. The Relationship Between Your Blood Type and Your Nationality
37.The word “hence” in the third paragraph means _____________.
A. always B. often C. sometimes D. therefore (因此)
38. The author suggests that the third most common blood type in Europe is _________.
A. A B. B C. AB D. O
39. People with type A blood can receive ______________.
A. AB B. B C. O D. None of the above
40.If you need a transfusion, the best and safest blood for you is _________.
A. type AB B. type B
C. exactly the same type as yours D. a mixture of salt, plasma, and type O
第二节，信息匹配。阅读相关信息，并按要求匹配信息
下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合的信息，请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
a. Needed: Full time secretary position available. Applicants should have at least 2 years experience and be able to type 60 words a minute. No computer skills required. Apply in person at United Business lad, 17 Browning Street
b. Are you looking for a part time job We require 3 part time shop assistants to work during the evening No experience required. Applicants should be between 18 and 26. Call 366 – 76564 for more information.
c. Computer trained secretaries: Do you have experience working with computers Would you like a full time position working in an exciting new company If your answer is yes , give us a call at 457-896754
d. Teacher Needed: Tommy’s Kindergarten needs 2 teacher/trainers to help with classes from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Applicants should have appropriate licenses. For more information visit Tommy’s Kindergarten in Leicester Square No. 56
e. Part Time work available: We are looking for retired adults who would like to work part time at the weekend. Responsibilities include answering the telephone and giving customers information. For more information contact us by calling 345-674132
f. University positions open: The University of Cumberland is looking for 4 teaching assistants to help with homework correction. Applicants should have a degree in one of the following . Political Science, Religion, Economics or History. Please contact the University of Cumberland for more information.
请阅读以下职位申请者的信息，然后匹配申请者和他/她拟要申请的职位：
Jack Anderson. Jack graduated from the University of Trent with a degree in Economics two years ago. He would like an academic position.
Margaret Lillian. Margaret is 21 years old and would like a part time position to help her pay her university expenses. She can only work in the evenings.
Alice Fingelhamm. Alice was trained as a secretary and has six years of experience. She is an excellent typist but does not know how to use a computer. She is looking for a full time position.
Peter Florian. Peter went to business school and studied computer and secretarial skills. He is looking for his first job and would like a full time position.
Lynne Nagata. Lynne, aged 65, once worked in a kindergarten. She is now a housewife, helping her daughter with her housework on weekdays. She is looking for a part time job.
申请者 申请职位
41.Jack Anderson A. full time secretary
42.Margaret Lillian B. part time shop assistant
43.Alice Fingelhamm C. computer trained secretary
44.Peter Florian D. kindergarten teacher
45.Lynne Nagata E. part time job at the weekend
F. university teaching assistant
第四节，读写任务
阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇120词左右的英语短文
When asked to point out one or two things that are important to themselves, many put friends ahead of homes, jobs, clothes and cars.
A true friendship carries a long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. It is a treasure that we should protect. Unfortunately, the better friends you are, the more probably you’ll have disagreements. And the result can be what you don’t want—an end to the relationship.
The good news is that most troubled friendship can be mended. First, don’t let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought out in the open. Second, apologize when you are wrong—even if you have been wronged. Over the course of friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person take the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. Third, see things from your friend’s point of view. And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle change. Making friends can sometimes seem easy. The hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs that have an effect on all relationships. My suggestion: Consider friendship an honor and gift, and worth the effort to treasure and nurture.(营养)
（写作内容）
概括短文要点，该部分的字数大约30词；
就“友谊”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词：
你认为什么是真正的友谊；
当你和你的好朋友发生矛盾时，你通常怎么办；
谈一谈你与一个好朋友的交往过程。
（写作要求）
你可以用实例或其他方法论证支持你的观点，不能抄袭原文的句子，题目自拟
高二年级英语试卷答题卡
1 2 3 4 5 1
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45
听力获取信息：
6_____________ 7______________ 8 _______________ 9 _______________ 10 ____________
语法填空：
21 ___________22 ______________23______________24________________25_____________
26____________27______________28______________29_________________30____________
写作：
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高二年级英语试卷答案
1 2 3 4 5
A C C A A
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A C B B D A C C D D
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
C A C D A C D B C C
41 42 43 44 45
F B A C E
听力获取信息：
6. 79 7. 66 8. 75 9. 20 10. 70
语法填空：
21__as__22 using 23 a 24 in 25 from
26 attacking 27 when 28 trouble 29 who/that 30 dirty
写作：
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