(共65张PPT)
Module 5
Unit 2
The environment
Step One
词汇检测
一、Word checkpoints
1.经济n.
2.大气，氛围n.
3.污染n.
4.接近，靠近v.
5.明显的adj.
6.责任，职责n.
7.荒唐的，可笑的adj.
8.到达者，到来n.
9.设备，装备n.
10.建立，创立v.
economy
atmosphere
pollution
approach
obvious
responsibility
ridiculous
arrival
equipment
establish
11.资源n.
12.赞赏，欣赏v.
13.重要性n.
14.评估，评价v.
15.组织n.
16.农业的adj.
17.违法的，非法的adj.
18.有效的adj.
19.娱乐n.
20.行为，举止n.
resource
appreciate
importance
assess
organization
agricultural
illegal
effective
amusement
behaviour
二、Useful phrases
污染环境
按照……的程序
展开自由讨论
工业废物
大量的
此外
抹去；消灭，
大量的
……的数量
产卵，下蛋
对……产生持久的影响
pollute the environment
follow … schedule
open the floor for discussion
industrial waste
large amounts
in addition
wipe out
large numbers of
the number of
lay eggs
have a lasting effect upon/on sth.
grow to
cut back on
= cut down on
turn into
be beneficial to
It is obvious that…
be concerned about
the present situation
see … as …
be against
增加到
削减、缩减某物
转变成
对……有益的
很明显，……
担心，对….感兴趣
现状
将……视为……
反对
想起，想到
think of
躲避他们的责任
hide from their responsibilities
经济发展
economic development
我在这里想说的是……
What I’m here to say is that …
一起，并肩
side by side
稳定的经济
a stable economy
将……视为……
think of … as …
解决……的方法/答案
the key to
保护环境
preserve the environment
允许某人做某事
allow sb. to do
be willing to do
ask around
harm the environment
= do harm to the environment
future generations
be smart about sth.
cause the destruction
take the responsibility for
What if …
=What will happen if …
run out of
a little bit of
as long as
乐意做某事
四处打听
破坏环境
后代
对……聪明处理
引起破坏
负起对……的责任
倘使…..将会怎样……
用完……，耗尽……
一点点
只要= so long as
Step Two
重点单词
1．debate vi.&n.争论，辩论，讨论
【用法拓展】
debate on/about...就……辩论
debate with sb.about sth.和某人就某事辩论
考虑/讨论是否……
have a debate进行讨论、辩论
under debate在辩论中，在讨论中 open/close a debate开
始/终止辩论
(be)open to debate/a matter for debate还有待于讨论
debate with oneself仔细考虑，思考，盘算 debatable adj.
可争辩的，有争议的
【易混辨析】
debate/argue/discuss
(1)debate指在正式场合，和意见对立的一方进行全面地、彻底地、比较正式地争论，重在各述理由，双方交锋。后接名词或连接代词、副词引起的不定式短语，不接that从句。
(2)argue指就自己的看法、立场条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由，以说服他人。其后可接名词或that从句，不可接what，when，whether等引导的从句和不定式。
(3)discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分。其后可接名词、动名词、不定式短语或when，whether，what等引导的从句，但不可接that从句。
They had been debating for several hours without reaching a conclusion.
他们已经争论了好几个小时，仍然没有得出一个结论。
Education is the current focus of public debate.
教育是目前大众谈论的焦点。
She debated with herself for a while，and then picked up the phone.
她仔细琢磨了一会儿，然后拿起了电话。
The two sides debated with each other about who was the best for a whole day.
双方就谁是最优秀的问题相互争论了一整天。
He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend.
他当时正考虑是去散步还是去拜访一位朋友。
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完成句子
①He ________ us into believing that he was innocent.
他说服了我们，相信他是清白的。
答案：argued
②We ________ how to carry out the plan.
我们讨论了如何实施这个计划。
答案：discussed
2．expand vt.&vi.扩展，扩大
【用法拓展】
expand v．使变大，伸展，扩大，其名词为expansion
详述，进一步说明
expand into扩展成……
【易混辨析】
expand/spread/stretch
(1)expand指向四面八方扩大、扩张。
(2)spread指消息、疾病、瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物
铺开或把胳膊张开。
(3)stretch指手掌、手臂、腰、腿、颈由曲变直，由短变长的
伸展或伸出，多与out连用。
Committee members expanded on the issues at the meeting.
委员会成员在会上详述了那些问题。
The sofa expands into a bed.那个沙发展开就是一张床。
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用expand，spread，stretch的适当形式填空
③The man ________ the information all over the town.
答案：spread
④Metals ________ when they are heated.
答案：expand
⑤The company has ________ its operations in Atlanta by building a new factory there.
答案：expanded
⑥Despite the recession，the company is confident of further ________.
答案：expansion
⑦She ________ out her hands to meet me.
答案：stretched
3．concern n．&v.关心，关注；担心，担忧
【用法拓展】
be concerned about/for sth.担心，挂念
be concerned in(＝be involved in)涉及，牵涉
be concerned with有关，关于
be concerned that...(＝be worried)担心
as/so far as sb./sth.is concerned就某人/某事而言
concerning prep.关于，就……来说
【特别提醒】
(1)concerned adj.作前置定语时，作“关切的”讲；作后置
定语时，作“有关的”讲。
(2)concern可作动词，但一般不用于进行时，意为“与……
有关系，涉及，影响到”。
(3)concern作名词，意为“所关切的事；担心，忧虑”。
The lack of rain deeply concerned the farmers.
缺雨使农民们深感忧虑。
He has never been very concerned about what other people think of him.
他从来不大在乎别人怎样看他。
As far as we’re concerned，you can go whenever you want.(＝We don’t mind when you go.)
就我们而言，你们随时想走都可以走。
Concerning your request，I am pleased to inform you that...关于你的请求，我非常高兴地告诉你……
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用concern及相关短语的适当形式填空
⑧Everyone who was ________ the affair regrets it very
much.
答案：concerned in
⑨This story is ________ a Russian family in the 19th
century.
答案：concerned with
⑩He has never been very ________ what other people
think of him.
答案：concerned about
________ (＝In my opinion)，the whole idea is crazy.
答案：As far as I’m concerned
How much money I earn is ________(与你无关)．
答案：none of your concern
________ that she might miss the turning and get lost，
she went up to the policeman.
答案：Concerned
4．range n．范围
【用法拓展】
(1)range n．[C](常用单数)(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区域
out of/beyond/outside the range of超出了……的范围
in the range of在……范围内
(2)range n．[C](常用单数)种类；一系列
a wide/full/great/diverse range of一系列；各种
(4)range vi.(在一定范围内)变化，变动
range from A to B/range between A and B
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完成句子
It is beyond ________ ________ of my ability.
这超出了我的能力范围。
答案：the range
There will be an increase ________ ________ ________
________ 0 to 3 percent.
将会有0到3个百分点的增长幅度。
答案：in the range of
Accommodation ________ ________ tourist class
________ luxury hotels.
住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。
答案：ranges from；to
5. effort n．努力；艰难的尝试
【用法拓展】
make an effort/make efforts to do sth.努力去做某事
make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力去做某事
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地去做某事
with(an)effort费力地，使劲地(＝with difficulty)
without effort毫不费力地
in an effort(to do sth.)费劲地，艰难地(去做某事)
try every means(to do sth.)不择手段(去做某事)
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完成句子
We should ________ ________ to finish the task on time.
我们应该尽力按时完成任务。
答案：make efforts
He ________ ________ ________ to save the patient.
他不遗余力地抢救病人。
答案：spared no effort
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6．create vt.创造，创作；引起，产生，造成
【用法拓展】
creation n．创造，创立 creative adj.有创造力的
creativity n．创造力，独创力 creator n．创造者
He created a wonderful meal from very few ingredients.
他用很少的几种食物原料做了一顿美餐。
We’ve created a good environment for economy.我们营造了一个良好的经济环境。
It’s important to create a good impression when you meet a new client.
会见新客户时，给对方留个好印象至关重要。
Step Tree重点短语
1.in addition另外
【用法拓展】
in addition另外，而且；单独使用，相当于副词，常用逗
号与句子隔开
in addition to除……之外还……；介词短语，后接名词或
代词
except介词，除……之外；除去同类事物
except for介词，除……之外；除去非同类事物
The meal was excellent except for the first course.
这顿饭好极了，只是第一道菜稍差些。
as well as 并列连词，既……又……，不仅……而且……
I’ve finished all the paper apart from the last question.
除了最后一道题，我全做完了。
Apart from/Besides/In addition to/As well as their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain.
他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。
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Everything was perfect for the picnic ________ the weather. A．in place of B．as well as
C．except for D．in case of
解析：except for为肯定整体，但局部美中不足，后跟名词。句意为：除了天气之外，一切都适合野餐。
答案：C
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2．run out(of)用完，耗尽
【易混辨析】
run out/run out of sth.be run out of。
→sth.be run out of。 sth.be used up
→sth.be used up
(2)run out相当于不及物动词,意为“用完,耗尽”,不能用于被动语态。
同义短语：give out(物)用完，耗尽；(人)筋疲力尽；分发；发出(气
味，热等)；发表，公布
【特别提醒】
run out为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；后接宾语时，需要
加介词of；use up用光，用尽，为及物动词短语；give out用完，耗
尽，为不及物动词短语。
We ran out of milk.我们的牛奶喝完了。
Supplies ran out.供应的物资用完了。
After a month，their food supplies gave out.一个月后，他们的食物贮
备消耗殆尽。
Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.把剩下的蔬
菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。
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With his money ________，he couldn’t go home.
A．leaving B．missed C．running out D．run out
解析：句意为：钱要花光了，他回不了家了。此处为with复合结构，run out为不及物动词，所以用现在分词。
答案：C
A teacher’s too long speech can make the students’ patience ________.
A．to run out of B．to run out C．run out D．run out of
解析：句意为：老师的讲话太长可能使学生失去耐性。
答案：C
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3. rely on依靠，依赖；信赖
【用法拓展】
rely on/upon sb./sth.依赖，依靠；信任，信赖某人/物
rely on/upon sb.to do sth.依赖；相信；指望某人去做某事
rely on/upon sb.for...依靠某人……
depend on/upon依靠，依赖
believe in信任；相信
She’s relying on her parents to pay her rent.
她靠父母的钱付房租。
I’m relying on you to be a good example for the others.
我相信你会成为其他人的好榜样。
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完成句子
As babies，we ________ entirely ________ others for food.
在婴儿时期，我们完全依赖别人喂食。
答案：rely；on
These days we ________ heavily ________computers ________ organize our work.
现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。
答案：rely；on；to
You can ________ ________ ________ __________ __________ your secret.
你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。
答案：rely on me to keep
He can’t be ________ ________ ________ ________ the truth.
不能指望他说真话。
答案：relied on to tell
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4．result in/lead to导致
【用法拓展】
result in导致，造成；后面跟的是结果
result from因……而起，由于；后面跟原因
as a consequence of由于
in consequence of由于，作为……的结果
lead to(to为介词)导致，造成(后果)；通向
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完成句子
The cyclone has ________ ________ many thousands of deaths.
飓风已经造成了成千上万人的死亡。
答案：resulted in
These policies ________ ________ many elderly and disabled people suffering hardships.
这些政策使得许多老人和残疾人在困苦中挣扎。
答案：resulted in
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单项选择
It was the serious water pollution that ________ the death of thousands of fishes.
A．ran into B．came from
C．led to D．began with
解析：考查动词短语的意思。句意为：是严重的水污染导致的成千上万条鱼死亡。run into撞上；come from来自；lead to导致；begin with以……开始。
答案：C
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5. pick out找出，挑选；认出
【易混辨析】
pick out/choose/select
(1)pick out指按个人喜好和希望进行挑选，多用于有形的东西
(人或物)。它还有“辨认出，区分出”的意思。
(2)choose挑选，选择。从若干人或事物中找出适合要求、满足
需要的，取决于个人意志，含最终选定的含义。
(3)select指有目的地仔细、认真地选择，有“精选”的意思。
She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.
她从大批求职者中被选中承担这项工作。
See if you can pick me out in this photo.
看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。
Can you pick out the three deliberate mistakes in this paragraph
你能找出这一段中3个故意犯的错误吗？
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完成句子
Our shops ________ only the best quality produce.
我们商店精选质量最好的产品。
答案：select
You are free to ________ your way of life.
你可以自由选择你的生活方式。
答案：choose
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单项选择
Kathy ________ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls，when she was on holiday there.
A．picked up B．picked out
C．made up D．turned up
解析：考查动词短语意义。pick up“无意中学会”；pick out“挑选”；make up“弥补，编造”；turn up“出现，露面”。由句意可知A项正确。
答案：A
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Step Four 重点句子
1.The waste they create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick.
他们制造的废物进入大气并且使我们生病。
本句主语为the waste，and连接两个并列谓语动词goes和
makes，make在此为使役动词，后接复合宾语，高考主要考查
其宾语补足语的形式。
【用法拓展】
make为使役动词，后接复合宾语结构，意为“使……成为……，
使某人做某事”。
(1)make＋宾语＋形容词
What he did made his teacher angry.他的所作所为让老师生气。
【特别提醒】
在此结构中，若宾语是不定式或that从句，常用it作形式宾语，
把真正宾语后置.构成结构:make it＋形容词＋不定式/that从句.
(2)make＋宾语＋名词
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
(谚语)只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会变成傻。
(3)make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式
SARS made him stay at home.
非典病毒迫使他待在家里。
(此结构变成被动语态时，原来不带to的不定式要加to)
→He was made to stay at home.
(4)make＋宾语＋过去分词
He couldn’t make himself heard/understood/known/believed.
他不能让别人听清他的声音/理解他/认识他/相信他。
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Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music.
A．making herself hear B．to make herself hear
C．making herself heard D．to make herself heard
解析：根据句意，应选不定式作目的状语，排除A、C两项；B、D两项中的make为使役动词，而后面的herself与hear是被动关系，故用过去分词heard作宾补。
答案：D
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2．...，and are very careful to spend money repairing any
damage they cause.……非常认真地花钱去弥补他们造成的
损害。
【用法拓展】
(1)spend多指花费时间、金钱和精力，它的主语必须是
人，其结构为：Sb.spend...
(2)cost常指花费金钱、精力、劳力、生命、健康等，一般
不用于花费时间。其主语必须是“事或物”，不以人作主
语，它可以接一个宾语，也可接双宾语。结构为：sth.cost
money，sth.cost sb.money/energy/life/health.
(3)pay的主语是人，宾语可以是人或金钱等，与介词for搭配。
(4)take作“花费”讲时，大多用来指时间，也可指精力、勇气、想像力等，主语一般是“事情”，有时也可以是人。常用于以下句型：
It takes sb.some time to do sth.花费某人一段时间干某事。
It takes some time for sb.to do sth.对某人来说要花一段时间去干某事。
Sb.takes some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事
Sth.takes sb.some time to do某事物花费某人一些时间来做
(5)offer vt.出价，构成短语：
offer＋价钱(for sth.)出……价(买某物)
offer sb.＋价钱＋to do sth.出……价雇某人去做某事
(6)buy vt.(用钱)买，购买，构成短语：
buy sth.for＋价钱 花……钱买某物
buy sb.sth/buy sth.for sb.给某人买某物
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用take，spend，cost，pay，offer的适当形式填空
He ________ a lot of money in buying a new car.
答案：spent
Making an experiment like this ________ much time and labour.
答案：costs
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He had to ________ 50,000 yuan for his new house.
答案：pay
It ________ the professor three years to carry out the experiment.
答案：took
Taylor ________ him 500 dollars to do the work.
答案：offered
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3．I liked it when you told that joke.我喜欢听你讲笑话。
【用法拓展】
it可充当形式宾语。当动词like，dislike，love，hate，
appreciate，take(认为)，hide(隐瞒)，depend on，see to
等后接宾语从句时，应先加it，再接宾语从句。
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完成句子
I took ________ that the train was late.
我认为火车晚点了。
答案：it
Never ________ that God will help you.
永远别指望上帝会帮你。
答案： depend on it
I would appreciate ________ if you paid in cash.
如果你用现金付款，我会不胜感激。
答案：it
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Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a ________ environment.(2007·湖北，30)
A．peaceful B．sensitive C．common D．stable
解析：A项“平静的”；B项“敏感的”；C项“共同的”；D项“稳定的”。句意为：“水能吸收和放出许多热量，这在温度上没有大的变化，因而就创造出了一个稳定的环境。”
答案：D
例1
教材原文对照
…, I know that a healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time.(P23)
The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，________ in the natural light during the day.(2007·天津，6)
A．to let B．letting C．let D．having let
解析：句意为“在入口处玻璃门已取代了木头门，在白天能让自然光进来。”空白处在句中作状语，let与句子的主语之间是主谓关系，且动作是同时发生的，故用现在分词形式。
答案：B
例2
教材原文对照
The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty. (P30)
We have every reason to believe that ________ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be ________ success.(2007·江苏，21)
A．/；a B．the；/ C．the；a D．a；a
解析：第一个空特指2008年北京奥运会，故用定冠词the；a success“一件成功的事”，success此时为可数名词。
答案：C
例3
教材原文对照
It has already been a success because… (P38)
We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only ________ violence.(2007·浙江，11)
A．runs into B．comes from
C．leads to D．begins with
解析：考查动词短语的意思。句意：“我们坚决认为战争不会解决任何事情，只会导致暴力。”run into撞上；come from来自；lead to导致；begin with以……开始。
答案：C
例4
教材原文对照
The pollution of the river has resulted in unsafe drinking water which has led to health problem for people living near the river. (P38)
Ladies and gentlemen，please remain ________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.(2009·四川，4)
A．seated B．seating C．to seat D．seat
解析：考查过去分词。remain seated“坐好，坐着不动”；seated既是过去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中作表语。再如：Please remain seated and keep your seat belts fastened.请坐稳并系好安全带。
答案：A
例5
教材原文对照
Less than 100 white-flag dolphins remain in the Yangtze River. (P38)
More Practice
1、After a long ________,the bill was passed by the House of the Commons.
A. argue B. debate C. discuss D. quarrel
2、______ snacks and drinks ,but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.(05.上海)
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
3、I would like a job which pays more, but ________ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.(06.浙江)
A. in other words B. on the other hand
C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact
B
B
B
4、______ in the queue for half an hour,Thomas suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(04.全国)
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
5、The destruction of the World Trade Center has put US economy in a difficult _______.
A.occasion B. case C. situation D. background
7、I hope that the little ______ I have been able to do does good to them all.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
C
C
C
8、The wounded boy ________ completely, obliging me ________ too, or I_______ him.
A. raised,to rise himself, could not supported
B. raised,to rise, could not have supported
C. raised himself, to rise, could not have supported
D. raised himself, to rise myself, could not supported
9、Americans eat _________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice as many B. more than twice
C. twice as many as D. as twice as much
10、Seen from space, the Earth, with water ____________ seventy percent of its surface, looks like a “blue ball”.
A. covered B. cover C. to cover D. covering
C
A
D
11.This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can ___ my mother.
A find out B pick out C look out D speak out
12.In the park, the number of visitors is tightly ____ to avoid damaging the environment or putting stress on the animals.
A limited B encouraged
C expected D intended
13 With many efforts_____, they solved the problem.
A to make B to do C made D done
14. The two sides debated ___ each other ___ who was the better for a whole day.
A to, to B with, about
C about, with D between, in
15.I’m afraid we won’t be able to go much farther, for the gas____.
A has run out B is run out
C was run out of D is running out
16.What caused this terrible traffic accident
In my opinion, his carelessness ___ this terrible traffic accident.
A resulted in B turned to
C went to D came to
17.He died of a deadly illness last year and before his death , he ___ a lot.
A missed B suffered C pained D ached
18.He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was ___ from the outside world.
A cut out B cut off C cut up D cut through
19.The company has ___ its operation inThailand by building a new factory there.
A obtained B expanded C declined D improve
20.I am sorry, this kind of car is ____.
A in stock B out of stock C on stock D of stock
22.Please keep on trying. I’m sure the efforts you are ___ will pay off.
A doing B giving C making D sparing
23.Exams are not the only means of ___ a student’s ability.
A showing B expressing
C explaining D assessing
24.To allow time for fish eggs to hatch and grow up, the lower reaches of the Changjiang River are closed. Fishermen ___ from fishing there for a few years.
A prohibited B have been prohibited
C prohibiting D being prohibited
25.Animals that live in the zoo under the care of humans are lucky. They don’t need to worry about global warming ___ their enviroment.
A to destroy B destroying
C having destroyed D could destroy
26.The family is now leading a peaceful life as the parents have a ___ income every month.
A stable B broken C limited D still
27. Voices were ____ as the argument between the two housewives became heated. This attracted a crowd of spectators.
A increased B repeated C raised D developed
28.I stood up and asked her to dance with me but she didn’t ____.
A respond B behave C perform D promiseTeaching Plan for Grammar and usage
Teaching Aims
1. Help Ss understand verbing form as an adjective or adverb
2. Master a verb-ing as attributive, predicative, object complement ect.
Teaching difficult points
1. How to use verb-ing form as an adjective or adverb
2. How to use verb-ing phrases
Teaching steps;
Step1 Lead-in
1. The children stopped____as the teacher came in
A.talk B.to talk C.talking D.talked
2. If he can stop them ____there ,I will do it
A.go B.to go C.gone D.going
3. He is quite used _____in all sorts of weather
A.fly B.to fly C.to flying D.to flied
4. Doctor Bethune went on_____throughtout the night
A.work B.worked C.to work D.working
5. Your shoes are dirty .They need____badly
A.wash B.washed C.to wash D.Washing
Step2 1.Verb-ing form as an adjective or adverb
*Attribute
It is a very moving film and it is well worth seeing
Canada is an English-speaking country
The girl sitting in the corner is my best friend.
*Predicative
Your journey in Kerya is really exciting
What you did was disappointing.
*Object complement
We find the journey to America exciting.
I heard someone playing the violin in the next room.
注:在see hear watch feel notice等动词后，用现在分词构成的复合宾语，表示动作正在进行。而动词原形则表示动作的全过程，即动作已结束。
We saw the teacher making the experiment.
Isaw the girl get into the car and drive off.
2.A verb-ing can be used after verbs like stand,sit,lie .These two action are happening at the same time.
They stood talking to each other .
They stood when they were talking to each other.
3.A verb-ing has a perfect form , eg having worked,
Having worked side by side with many environmentalists,I know that a healthy environment and stable economy should be possible at the same time.
Step 3. Practise. P29 A and B
Homework: 1. Review Verb-ing form as an adjective
2. Finish the exercise
Verb-ing phrases
Teaching steps;
Step 1: Lead-in
1.-------full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.
A.We did not make B.Having not make C We had not made D.Not having made
2.European football is played in 80 countries,-------it the most popular sport in the world.
A.making B makes C made Dto made
3.-------what the situation would be like ,they decided to keep silent.
A. Having not know B Knowing not C.Not know D.Not knowing
Step 2 Verb-ing phrases
1. Verb-ing phrases can express
*time
Seeing the big snake ,the girl was almost frightended to death.
=When she saw the big snake,………
*reason
Being a student,I must work hard.
=Because I am a student, I must work hard.
*result
The factory keeps releasing smoke,making the air dirty.
=The factory keeps releasing smoke.As a result ,the air is made dirty.
*condition
Preparing fully, we can achieve great things
=If we prepare fully, we can ….
2. We can also use the pattern conjunction+verb-ing to express time.The common conjunctions are when,whenever,while,once,and until.
We have to take environmental protection into consideration when developing the economy.
3. The understood subject of a verb-ing clause is usually the same as the subject of the main clause
He travelled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.
=When he travelled on the plane like this , he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket.
4. We put NOT before the verb-ing to create its negative form
He sat there, not knowing what to say.
Step 3. Practise P31
Step 4 Exercise:
Homework: 1.Review Verb-ing phrases
2. Finish the exercise
