人教版（2019）高中英语 必修第一册同步训练 Unit 3　Sports and Fitnessword版含答案

Unit 3　Sports and Fitness
课时作业(一)　Listening and Speaking

必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Will you take part in the ________ (拳击) match next week?
2．Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in Hebei Province, will ________ (主办) the Winter Olympic Games in 2022.
3．What are the main ten ________ (大事) of 2019?
4．There will be a ________ (足球) game between Wuhan and Guangzhou.
5．Our school will build a ________ (运动场) next year.
6．He buys a magazine on ________ (健康) every month.
7．He decided to run a full ________ (马拉松赛跑) held by our city.
8．He began to ________ (流汗) because of hot weather.
9．I'm learning to ________ (滑雪)．
10．I have never been to the ________ (体育馆，健身馆)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She works ________ regularly to keep fit every week.
2．He never really makes ________ as an actor.
3．It's up ________ you to make a decision.
4．How about ________ (watch) badminton this afternoon?
5．I would like to stay at home instead of ________ (go) out.
6．I recommend ________ (read) English every morning.
7．I would like to ________ (work) in Beijing.
8．Why not ________ (ask) your teacher for help?

关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读
A
Sweat ran its way down my cheeks. It was hot, but the air was still and wet. One final play and the State Softball Championship was ours.
I looked towards people who were watching the game. Sure enough, I found my mom. I always hoped my dad were here. The farm needed his full attention, but I did not care.
Finally, we won! State Champs! I let out a scream of happiness, full of tears. My mom made a “V” to celebrate my success and smiled. I smiled back at her.
We all received medals, but I cannot remember any of it. I concentrated my thoughts on my dad. I ran to my mom, asking for her cellphone. I had to tell my dad about the happiest day of my life, and complained (抱怨) about how he did not care.
The phone rang twice, and no one answered. My heart sank, but I tried again anyway.
“Hello？” answered my dad.
“Dad！” I cried. “We won State！” Silence.
“Dad？” I could hear something on the other end. “Are you—crying？”
“I'm just really happy for you, Meggie，” he said. “And I'm sorry I couldn't be there.”
An apology was all I needed. I hung up the phone feeling relaxed, and I began to understand how it must feel to be a father. I forgave him for never being there. He worked so I could play. My father loved me enough to let me experience life's happiest moments without him.
1．Meggie's father didn't go to watch her game because ________.
A．Meggie did not care about his being there
B．Meggie's mother took his place to be there
C．the game wasn't so important to her father
D．he had a full schedule to work on the farm
2．The purpose of Meggie calling her father was to ________.
A．express her anger
B．show off her medals
C．get her father's praise
D．share her joy of success
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Meggie would thank her father for all he did for her.
B．Meggie could spend more time doing the farm work.
C．Meggie would apologize for being rude to her father.
D．Meggie could enjoy every moment without her father.
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．My Final Game
B．A Father's Love
C．My Growing Pain
D．A Father's Farm
B
Are you looking for an exercise program that's easy to learn, wants little or no equipment, and relaxes your mind while building your body? If so, please keep reading to learn more about yoga (瑜伽)．
Yoga seems like a hot new trend, but yoga actually began more than 3,000 years ago in India. The word yoga means “to unite mind, body and spirit”. Although yoga includes physical exercise, it is also a lifestyle of which exercise is just a part. Training your mind, body, and breath, as well as connecting with your spirituality (精神) are the main goals of the yoga lifestyle. Yoga has lots of benefits. It can improve strength, balance and patience. In addition, many people who practice yoga say that it reduces anxiety and stress, and even helps them sleep better.
Many gyms and community centers offer yoga classes. Your neighborhood may also have a yoga training center. Some yoga teachers offer private classes for students who want more professional training. You could also try using a yoga DVD. Websites, DVDs and books can't compare to learning yoga from a teacher, but they can help you find out more. They can be especially helpful if you have already taken yoga classes and want to practice at home.
Dress comfortably in clothing that allows you to move your body fully. Shorts or pants and a T－shirt or tank top are best. Yoga is practiced bare foot, so you don't have to worry about special shoes.
Before you begin any type of exercise program, it's a good idea to talk to your doctor, especially if you have a health problem.
5．From the passage we can learn many facts about yoga EXCEPT ________.
A．it's easy to learn
B．it needs little or no equipment
C．it can build your body and relax your mind
D．physical exercise is the most important part of it
6．Which of the following is TRUE about yoga?
A．Yoga first appeared in ancient China.
B．Yoga is not so popular in India now.
C．The yoga lifestyle is good for one's body and mind.
D．Yoga can give women more benefits than men.
7．If you want to get more professional training, you'd better ________.
A．have your own yoga training center
B．take private classes offered by yoga teachers
C．learn yoga from yoga DVDs and books
D．go to India for further learning
8．Before you do yoga, you should ________.
A．wear your best clothes
B．wear special shoes for yoga
C．ask your doctor for advice
D．read some yoga books
C
All of us spend a large part of our lives at home—eating, sleeping, relaxing and communicating with our family members. Our home is a shelter for us, away from the noisy, busy, and polluted world outside—a place where we can let our hair down and dress casually. Eco－friendliness (环保) is a hot word today and we all know we should make our environment as eco－friendly as possible. This is not only good for our health, but also good for the outward environment. Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home eco－friendly.
Kitchen
Plan the kitchen to be bright and airy so that you don't have to turn on the lights in the daytime. Don't make wasteful use of the gas. Keep all ingredients for cooking ready before lighting the gas. Turn it to “low” when not required—always using it on “high” burns a lot of gas.
Indoor plants
Plants are extremely eco－friendly and can be used to make your home look lively. Apart from adding life to home, they give out O2, thus making the air inside fresh. You can keep plants in your home, but be sure to show them some sunlight regularly. Also, if they are kept outside, clean their leaves with a wet cloth, as dust may be added to them. A home decorated (装饰) with plants looks attractive. Plants are a natural home decorating gift that shows concern about the environment. A green plant is a wonderful gift which will protect the earth and is sure to be appreciated.
Saving water
Most of the time, we_take_water_for_granted—we keep the water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes. Needless to say, this is a huge waste of natural resources (资源). Try to recycle water. For example, the water used for washing vegetables can be used for watering plants; the soapy water used for washing clothes can be used to clean the bathroom and kitchen.
9．Why is the importance of our home discussed in Paragraph 1?
A．To advise us to communicate more with our family members.
B．To show it's necessary to make our home eco－friendly.
C．To advise us to spend more time staying at home.
D．To show the outside world is noisy and polluted.
10．What is advised to be done in the kitchen?
A．To open the window.
B．To prepare simple meals.
C．To save energy.
D．To turn down lights.
11．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．We don't realize the importance of water.
B．We try our best not to waste water.
C．We don't use water frequently.
D．We make full use of water.
12．Which could be the best title for the text?
A．Live a Relaxing Life.
B．Create a Clean and Safe Home.
C．Our Home Is a Shelter for Us.
D．Make Your Home Eco－friendly.
Ⅱ.七选五
How to Sleep Better
If you're having trouble getting good sleep through the night (turning, waking up more than once, for example), this text will tell you what you can do to ensure a peaceful night's sleep.
1. Get up on time. Changing your sleeping time by more than an hour can severely disturb (干扰) your sleep quality. __1__ For example, if you normally wake up at 6 a．m. on weekdays to get to work, you might go to bed around 10 p．m., because that's when you start to feel sleepy, and it's also a good time to ensure 8 hours of sleep. If, on the weekend, you sleep until 9 a．m., you probably won't be able to fall asleep that night until 1 a．m..
2. __2__ Wait at least three hours after dinner before going to sleep. Digestion (消化) slows down while asleep, and a full stomach may interrupt (打搅) sleep. Similarly, you should avoid going to bed on an empty stomach, as a completely empty stomach may equally disturb your sleeping patterns (模式)．
3. __3__ Exposure (暴露) to light during the time when you're supposed to be sleeping can disrupt (扰乱) your body's internal clock. Turn your light off, or use a very dim night light. __4__ They include windows, LED clocks, computer lights and cable boxes.
4. Change your sleeping position. You may think that it's impossible to control what position you sleep in since you don't fully understand what you are doing, but it is possible and it can make a big difference. __5__
A．Try to avoid all sources of light.
B．Keep the room as dark as possible.
C．Make note of unusual circumstances (状况)．
D．Be mindful of what you eat or drink before bed.
E．Sleep is considered to be adequate only when there is no daytime sleepiness.
F．In other words, sudden change of sleeping time will affect your “biological (生物的) clock”．
G．If you wake up in the middle of the night, make an effort to have a comfortable position.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Sports are the base of my life, next to my mother 1.________ raised me when my dad left us. I 2.________ (be) into sports since I was six years old. I have known many 3.________ (coach) and heard hundreds of their tips, but they usually 4.________ (focus) on drills (训练) to develop my skills and reach the next level of play.
When I was in Senior Two, I met the new school basketball coach, Brian Pawlowski. I thought I was certain to 5.________ (select) for the school team since I had been in it the year before. I showed up to the tryouts (选拔赛) and put out about 90% effort since I thought I'd make 6.________ with no problem. That was a big mistake.
Brian Pawlowski is the 7.________ (strict) coach I have ever met. He didn't expect 100% effort, but he expected 200% effort. Some think this is crazy, 8.________ it isn't. After training, as we were getting a cup of cold water to drink, I said, “Mr. Pawlowski, your lesson is the best I have ever had.” I was 9.________ (complete) sincere. He expects us to be excellent 10.________ just on the court but in the classroom. If I am not working on basketball, I am reading a book that he thinks will help us better understand life's challenges.
课时作业(二)　Reading and Thinking

必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Guangzhou is getting ready to welcome ________ (运动员) and friends from all over Asia!
2．It's not easy to pursue a ________ (硕士的) degree.
3．Most ________ (奖牌) are made of gold, silver and bronze.
4．He is going to win his fifth ________ (冠军头衔) in two seasons.
5．One of his eyes was ________ (受伤) in an accident, but after a delicate operation, he quickly recovered his sight.
6．Would you please wait a moment? Let me ask our ________ (队长，领班)．
7．His ________ (决心) to overcome difficulties always makes me inspired whenever I am in trouble.
8．His handwriting, from earliest childhood, was flowing and ________ (优美的)．
9．________ (失败) is the mother of success.
10．He lifted the stone with all his ________ (体力，力量)．
11．She was not allowed to run and win ________ (荣誉) for herself in the Olympic Games.
12．We should show ________ (尊敬) to the old.
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．Helen ________________ to all of us since she was young.
2．The West Lake attracts millions of people ____________ every year.
3．Yao Ming ________________ wildlife very much.
4．Never will we ________________ hope.
5．The Olympic athletes ________________ our country in 2016.
6．He has found a good way to learn English and we should ________ him.
7．He is afraid that their marriage will ________.
8．Whenever you are in trouble, you mustn't ________.
9．Would you like to ________ with us to the film tonight?
10．A park will be built ________ those who died in the big natural disaster in the city.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
There are many famous athletes at home and abroad. One of them is Lang Ping, a coach who led the China women's volleyball team to 1.________ (medal) at world championships and the Olympics. When preparing the Chinese team for the 2015 World Cup, her 2.________ (determine) was tested. One of the best players got 3.________ (injure), and the team captain left because of heart problems. Losing two important players didn't get Lang Ping 4.________ (lose) heart. She believed that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. And she really made 5.________. Two weeks later, they were world champions!
Another famous player is Michael Jordan. Known as “Air Jordan”， he changed basketball with his 6.________ (grace) moves and jumps. His skills were impressive, but the mental 7.________ (strong) that he showed made him unique. It seemed that in the final seconds of a game, Jordan could always find a way to win. When asked his secret 8.________ success, he says it is learning from his failures. Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give 9.________. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago 10.________ (help) young people since 1996.

关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读
Twenty?five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take up singing. But today, things stand differently.
According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or “vlogger”. The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as much as 40 percent of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.
This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.
In the past, the biggest stars were trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting with their fans about everyday life.
However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame (名声) and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.
Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follow careers that don't necessarily earn them fame, but allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies. Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. It's an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And that's enough for him.
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their job.
B．The Internet is influencing young Britons' career choice.
C．The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.
D．Young Britons cannot find jobs without the Internet.
2．Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?
A．Vloggers can earn greater fame and more money on the Internet.
B．There is too much competition in the traditional show business.
C．The Internet makes it convenient to enter show business.
D．Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.
3．What can we infer from the fifth paragraph?
A．Only a few vloggers can be successful.
B．A vlogger cannot earn fame and fortune.
C．People often see the bright side of being a vlogger.
D．Dreams will always remain to be dreams.
4．What do young people like David do on the Internet?
A．Learn from others. B．Become an online hit.
C．Hold running races. D．Mix jobs with hobbies.
Ⅱ.七选五
Last summer, over 12,000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watching online. __1__ It was esports (电子竞技), or competitive computer gaming. The prize money for the winners: ￡3 million.
Millions of people in the UK play games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full－time job. __2__ They practise for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also study videos of other players and plan ways to beat them.
__3__ You can watch games on video sites. They can be exciting to watch. Sometimes online viewers can interact with the game. For example, some games rename characters in the game with the names of online viewers.
But are esports really sports? Are players athletes? Some say no. __4__ At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games, not as sports.
But others say yes: esports are sports. Players do need some physical skills, especially hand－eye coordination (协调) and timing. Snooker (斯诺克台球) and shooting are classified as sports. __5__ In fact, the governments of China and ROK do classify esports as sports.
A．Then perhaps esports should be, too.
B．They prove popular throughout the world.
C．Instead, it has great influence on their health.
D．It's not easy being a professional gamer, though.
E．But this wasn't a football, basketball or tennis match.
F．As well as playing games, many people like watching them, too.
G．Esports players don't need to run, jump, throw or do big physical actions.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all __1__ places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want __2__ somewhere else instead.
My daughter plays on a non－professional soccer team. They did very well this season and so __3__ a tournament (锦标赛), which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some __4__ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams __5__ trained. Through the first two games, her __6__ did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I hated seeing my daughter playing her best, __7__ still defeated.
It seemed that something clicked with the girls between Saturday and Sunday. When they __8__ for their Sunday game, they were __9__ different. They had begun to integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had __10__ the day before into their game. They played aggressively and __11__ scored a goal.
It __12__ me that playing against the other team was a great __13__ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. __14__ is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be __15__ what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.
1．A.public B．traditional
C．official D．special
2．A.passes B．works C. lies D．ends
3．A.won B．entered C．organized D．watched
4．A.painful B. strange C．common D．practical
5．A.less B．poorly C．newly D．better
6．A.fans B．tutors C．class D．team
7．A.if B．or C．but D．as
8．A.dressed B．showed up C．made up D．planned
9．A.slightly B．hardly C．basically D．completely
10．A.seen B．known C．heard D．read
11．A.even B．still C．seldom D．again
12．A.confused B．struck C．reminded D．warned
13．A.touching B．thinking C．encouraging D．learning
14．A.Experience B．Independence C．Curiosity D．Interest
15．A.harmful to B．mixed with C．different from D．applied to
Ⅳ.语法填空
You can tell Barcelona is a different football club—unlike other clubs with sports ads on their shirts, Barcelona pays the United Nations 1.________ (child) Fund $1.9 million a year to use its charity logo on its shirts.
When Barcelona fans cheer on their team at their home stadium, they often hold signs 2.________ (say) “M?s que un club”. This means, “More than a club”， and suggests the unique culture behind the 3.________ (succeed) team.
Unlike their English 4.________ (compete), Barcelona is not owned by a foreign billionaire, and is not hundreds of millions of euros 5.________ debt. The team is owned by its 150,000 or so members, 6.________ all pay around 150 euros a year. The members vote for a president to run the club so that the team can never fall into the hands of an owner who 7.________ (simple) wants to make money.
Barcelona has over 40 million fans in Europe. But to its followers, Barcelona is 8.________ than just a club. Barcelona is in Catalonia, an autonomous community in Spain. Many Catalans would like greater 9.________ (independent) from the central government of Spain. Their football team is a symbol of the strength of the region.
There is nothing Catalans like more than beating Real Madrid—a team 10.________ (link) to Spain's royal family.
课时作业(三)　Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)

必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.用附加疑问句完成句子
1．You have a sports meeting every year, ________？
2．He has never watched such an important match, ________？
3．Emily had to cut out sugar from her diet as her doctor suggested, ________？
4．There's going to be a talk on fitness next week, ________？
5．Come along with me, ________？
6．You can't swim, ________？
7．Let's take a short rest, ________？
8．You could hardly believe what he had said, ________？
9．They will work on the farm next week, ________？
10．Tom thinks you are cheating your friends, ________？
11．I don't think he is honest, ________？
12．She dislikes it, ________？
13．I'm your teacher, ________？
14．You must finish your homework today, ________________？
15．What beautiful weather, ________？
16．You must be hungry, ________？
17．They must have stayed at the hotel last night, ________？
18．Learning how to repair computers takes a long time, ________？
19．You must have studied dance for years, ________？
20．The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ________？
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I'm as tall as your sister, aren't I?
________________ (是的，你和她一样高。)
2．Tom made no answer, did he?
________________ (是的，他没回答。)
3．He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he?
________________ (是的，他应该知道。)
4．Everything is ready, isn't it?
________________ (不，还没准备好。)
5．David has been to a boxing match, hasn't he?
________________ (不，他没去过。) He always watches boxing on TV.
6．You can't cook, can you?
________________ (不，我会。) I'm good at cooking.

关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读
A
Teenagers' fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness. Exercise makes your body strong, and helps you to keep the right body weight. Sports scientist Dr. Helen Lopez offers the following advice to teenagers: “First, you need to find out your present level of fitness. Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier.”
Dr. Lopez suggests that there are three levels of fitness that need a change of lifestyle. “Overweight” means that the person gets very little exercise and often has a serious weight problem. “Inactive” means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight. “Active” refers to people who take part in sports and other physical activities, but do not have a high fitness level.
According to Dr. Lopez, overweight teenagers should keep active to keep healthy. “Ride a bike, play volleyball or basketball for a while, and go for a twenty－minute walk each day. All these will help to burn calories.” Inactive teenagers should do similar activities, but add some bending and stretching exercises, such as push－ups and sit－ups, starting with twenty of each a day. “Inactive people can take a little more exercise than overweight people because their bodies are stronger，” said Dr. Lopez. The same principle applies to active teenagers.
Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. “These are really important in order to prevent injuries，” Dr. Lopez said. Some weight－training and other body－strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase the person's strength.
1．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Active people always have a high fitness level.
B．Overweight people always take more exercise.
C．Inactive teenagers are not seriously overweight.
D．Keeping fit means changing teenagers' lifestyle.
2．What kind of exercise can you do in order to prevent injuries?
A．Walking. B．Stretching and bending.
C．Riding. D．Weight－training.
3．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Doing Exercise B．Teenagers' Fitness
C．Different Lifestyles D．Overweight Teenagers
B
Many places around the world host marathons that aim to provide their runners with a special experience. If you're planning to run a race, check out some of these beautiful marathon destinations.
Inca Trail Marathon
Are you up for a challenge? Hosted at Cusco, Peru, the Inca Trail Marathon is regarded as one of the most difficult marathons in the world. With Cusco's rich history of being once the capital of the Inca Empire, participants can explore several ancient archeological sites. During the run, participants will get to see the surprising landscape of the “Lost City of the Incas”， Machu Picchu, and the Sacred Valley.
Athens Marathon
Held in Greece, the Athens Marathon is perfect for those of you who are interested in history, mythology (神话), and architecture. There are many tourist spots and historic sites to visit like the Parthenon and the Acropolis of Athens. During the race, audience will be cheering on the participants creating an atmosphere similar to the Olympics.
Big Sur International Marathon
Held at Carmel, California, the Big Sur International Marathon is known as the world's largest rural marathon. Before the race, participants generally visit the world－famous Monterey Bay Aquarium (水族馆), which owns rich animals. The Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park is another attraction stretching from 3,000－foot mountain ridges (山脉) to underwater canyons and rocky seaside cliffs.
Big Five Marathon
Located at Limpopo, South Africa, participants can explore and check out the wildlife of the African savannah. The marathon is held in one of the “Big Five” game reserves in Africa. There are no fences or rivers that separate the runners from the African wildlife. Make sure to keep your mind clear. You might find an elephant or even find yourself running alongside giraffes.
4．What can participants do at the Inca Trail Marathon?
A．They can make the best performance.
B．They can enjoy ancient architecture.
C．They can learn about the Inca Empire.
D．They run through the Sacred Valley.
5．What do participants often do before the Big Sur International Marathon starts?
A．They go up 3,000－foot mountain ridges.
B．They see all kinds of sea creatures.
C．They visit underwater canyons.
D．They climb rocky seaside cliffs.
6．Which are you advised to take part in if you are interested in buildings?
A．The Athens Marathon.
B．The Inca Trail Marathon.
C．The Big Sur International Marathon.
D．The Big Five Marathon.
7．What should runners do when participating in the Big Five Marathon?
A．Protect the wild animals.
B．Avoid meeting wild animals.
C．Keep watch for wild animals.
D．Be careful not to fall into rivers.
Ⅱ.七选五
If you want to keep fit, please refer to the following：
Move More
Make it a daily habit to find ways to move your body. __1__ Climb stairs instead of taking the elevator (电梯). Walk your dog; play with your kids. It doesn't have to be an hour in the gym or a 45－minute dance class. But that's great when you're up to it. At the same time, move more.
Give up Smoking
Ever since 1960 when it was announced that smoking was harmful to health, Americans have been reducing their use of tobacco products. Just recently, we've seen more and more teens smoking. Could it be the Hollywood influence? __2__ Take care! Warn your children against smoking.
__3__
While recent studies show a glass of wine or one drink a day can help protect against heart disease, more than that can cause other health problems such as liver and kidney (肝和肾) disease and cancer.
Reduce Stress (压力)
Easier said than done. Stress comes in many ways. __4__ Spend 30 minutes a day doing something you like such as walking on the beach or in a park, reading a good book, visiting a friend, listening to relaxing music, and watching a funny movie.
Protect Yourself From Pollution
If you can't live in a smog－free environment, at least avoid smoke－filled rooms. __5__ Exercise indoors in air conditioning when air quality is bad.
A．Keep a Positive Mental Outlook
B．Avoid Excessive (过量的) Drinking
C．Think carefully about what you will do.
D．Exercise outside when the smog (雾霾) rating is low.
E．It seems that the stars in every movie smoke cigarettes.
F．There are many things you can do to move your arms and legs.
G．Some techniques given by experts are to think positive thoughts.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I can still remember one of the first times someone changed my world. She was the music teacher at my elementary school and the __1__ at our church. I had a strong feeling of love on her too and wanted to __2__ her more than anything. I had no __3__ at any instrument, however. My singing was quite __4__ though I was enthusiastic. One day she let me try playing her guitar. I did my best __5__ could only stumble (不流畅地演奏) along. When I was __6__， I put my head down. “I guess I am not very __7__，” I told her. She looked at me with her kind eyes, __8__， and said: “We are all good at something. You just need to __9__ what you are good at. Then you can __10__ it with the world.”
Those simple words changed me. They __11__ a seed in my soul that continues to grow to this day. They made me __12__ that I had something to give to others. I had something __13__ me that was good and that could change this world for the better. I just had to find it, __14__ it out and share it. And that is what I have tried to do all of the years since that __15__ day.
1．A.cleaner B．violist C．guitarist D．pianist
2．A.thank B．ignore C．inspire D．impress
3．A.idea B．defense C．attempt D．talent
4．A.urgent B．patient C．awful D．attractive
5．A.but B．and C．so D．since
6．A.disabled B．done C．concerned D．used
7．A.good B．comfortable C．cool D．convenient
8．A.glanced B．smiled C．rolled D．lay
9．A.add to B．give up C．find out D．show off
10．A.make B．play C．desert D．share
11．A.planted B．stored C．selected D．recognized
12．A.arrange B．realize C．imagine D．decide
13．A.against B．inside C．beyond D．on
14．A.point B．leave C．bring D．make
15．A.sunny B．strange C．amusing D．important
Ⅳ.语法填空
You may have already experienced the effects of an 1.________ (ill) and you know it's not fun. You may have felt tired, painful and 2.________ (sleep). But did you know, if you don't eat the proper foods each day, you can still feel all these symptoms (症状)? Getting the proper nutrition is one of the important things we need to do 3.________ (stay) active.
Breakfast is the most important meal of a day. It 4.________ (give) you the “fuel” you need to be active and productive. Take a close look at 5.________ word “breakfast”. If you divide it 6.________ two separate words, it spells “break” and “fast”. This literally (字面上) means in the morning we are to break the fast, or start out our day by 7.________ (eat)．
You may think the vegetables 8.________ are dark green in color are kind of unpleasant, but they are actually very good for you. Everyone likes sweet stuff, 9.________ too much sugar can not only make you gain weight but also do harm to your teeth. However, fruit is 10.________ (natural) sweet and contains many health benefits. Eating a certain amount of fruit each day will give you lots of energy and help your mind stay sharp.
课时作业(四)　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing

必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Be ________ (积极的) and joyful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
2．In order to be prettier and ________ (苗条的), some girls usually go on a diet.
3．Not everyone can get used to a different ________ (日常饮食), so why not cook meals by yourself?
4．Many students' ________ (错误) appeared because they didn't understand the verb phrase.
5．He ________ (强调) the importance of working with our own hands at the class meeting.
6．There are plenty of reasons why people shouldn't ______ (欺骗)．
7．Many young people like to ________ (慢跑) in the park on weekends.
8．If the ________ (观众) can't trust you, you will not be able to persuade them.
9．Have you ever watched a child pick up a stone and ________ (假装) it is a racing car?
10．Women were first allowed to ________ (竞争) in the Olympic shooting in 1968.
Ⅱ.选词填空
compare with， cut...out， rather than， be positive about， improve one's life， make sense， now and then， go on a diet， make a difference， be similar to
1．He insisted on staying ________ going back home.
2．Experience doesn't always ________ to the problem we are faced with.
3．The old man showed us how to ________ part of the surface of the wood.
4．________ other women, she is lucky indeed.
5．His parents go to see his grandparents living in the countryside with him ________.
6．Mary decided to ________ during the holiday.
7．A person who ________ his future will succeed more easily than those who aren't.
8．The two boxes ________ each other in colour.
9．We should make some positive changes to ________.
10．This sentence doesn't ________.

关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读
The other day, I read a news report that an athlete consumed steroids (类固醇) in order to perform better at a sports event. I was really surprised. To be honest, I really loved that athlete before the news report. But after I learned he consumed steroids, I no longer liked him.
Athletes that are in sports should not be allowed to consume steroids. Or if they are consuming steroids they should not be allowed to play sports. When athletes use steroids, they have the advantage of many things. For example, they have the advantage of doing better when doing their plays or when they are against their opponents (对手). Let's say that two athletes are competing, one does consume steroids and the other doesn't, who will win? It will more than likely be the athlete consuming steroids. This would be because steroids make people stronger and more energetic.
Steroid use should be avoided not only because it gives disadvantage to other athletes but also because it destroys the human body. Consuming steroids does not greatly change your body immediately. It does make you look built and strong, but its damages to your body will appear gradually.
In my opinion, steroids are not a good thing when it comes to sports. Steroids will not only be a disadvantage to those athletes who do not consume them but they will also have long－term negative effects on the human body. If an athlete was consuming steroids and had a great performance and later on the news found out that he was consuming steroids, it could affect the athlete's career. Most of the fans will think that the athlete has a bad reputation and the athlete can even get kicked off the team.
1．What surprised the author?
A．The athlete consumed steroids.
B．People stopped liking that athlete.
C．The news report lied about the athlete.
D．The athlete performed better than before.
2．According to the text, if an athlete consumes steroids, ______.
A．he may look very strange
B．it is unfair to his opponents
C．he may perform worse than before
D．it is harmful to him in the short run
3．In the author's opinion, steroid use ________.
A．isn't always a bad thing
B．is popular among athletes
C．is supported by some fans
D．may destroy the athlete's career
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why some athletes consume steroids.
B．Why athletes should not consume steroids.
C．Why steroids are harmful to the human body.
D．Why some athletes perform better than others.
Ⅱ.七选五
All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer. __1__ They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when their player or team wins.
__2__ Soccer, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy! __3__ So many people like to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada.
Some sports or games go back thousands of years like the marathon. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Both of them are only about a hundred years old yet. __4__ Water?skiing is one of the newest events in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends. __5__ One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.
A．And think of people in cold countries.
B．Sports help to train a person's character.
C．People aren't inventing new sports or games.
D．Many people like to watch others play games.
E．People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
F．Not a few people take part in different sports competitions themselves.
G．Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere take part in them.
Ⅲ.语法填空
When the modern Olympic Games 1.________ (start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. 2.________ (player) competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games. There was a 3.________ (compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting in 1901. But the Nordic Games were only to athletes 4.________ Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week 5.________ (hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, 6.________ competed in figure skating.
Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games and 7.________ (especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance 8.________ (take) part in skiing, ice hockey (冰球) 9.________ other sports. Now the Games have such 10.________ (interest) events as snowboarding and bobsleigh (雪橇比赛)．
Ⅳ.写作(共两节)
第一节：
假如你是李华，你的加拿大笔友Harry上周写信询问你的体育爱好。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1．你喜欢的运动项目及原因，如有益于身心健康(physical and mental health)，增强自信等；
2．何时喜欢上这项运动，现在参加该运动的情况如何；
3．询问对方的体育爱好。
注意：
1．词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Harry，
I am glad to receive your letter.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I am a mother of three and have recently completed my college degree.
The last class I had to take was sociology (社会学). The teacher was absolutely inspiring with the qualities that I wish every human had been graced with. Her last project of the term was called “Smile”. The class was asked to go out and smile at three people and document their reactions.
I am a very friendly person and always smile at everyone and say hello anyway, so, I thought this would be a piece of cake. Soon after we were given the project,_my husband,_youngest son,_and I went out to McDonald's one cold March morning. It was just our way of sharing special playtime with our son. We were standing in line, waiting to be served, when all of a sudden everyone around us began to back away, and then even my husband did.
I did not move a bit...a strong feeling of fear welled up inside of me as I turned to see why they had moved. As I turned around I smelled a terrible “dirty body” smell, and there standing behind me were two poor homeless men. As I looked down at the short gentleman,_close to me, he was “smiling”. His beautiful sky blue eyes were full of hope as he searched for acceptance.
He said, “Good day！” as he counted the few coins he had been holding. The second man was obviously mentally disabled. I held back my tears as I stood there with them.
The young lady at the counter asked him what they wanted. He said, “Coffee is all, Miss，” because that was all they could afford (If they wanted to sit in the restaurant and warm up, they had to buy something. He just wanted to be warm.)．
Then I really felt the desire was so great that I almost reached out and hugged the little man with the blue eyes.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
That is when I noticed all eyes in the restaurant were set on me, judging my every action.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
I turned in “my project” and the instructor read it.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Unit 3　Sports and Fitness
课时作业(一)　Listening and Speaking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．boxing　2.host　3.events　4.soccer　5.stadium　6.fitness
7．marathon　8.sweat　9.ski　10.gym
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．out　2.it　3.to　4.watching　5.going　6.reading　7.work　8.ask
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文。Meggie的父亲因为工作繁忙，没能观看她的比赛。Meggie比赛一结束就迫不及待地打电话与父亲分享成功的喜悦。由父亲的反应Meggie明白了伟大的父爱。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I found my mom. I always hoped my dad were here. The farm needed his full attention”可知，只有妈妈来看比赛，爸爸没来是因为农场需要爸爸。
2．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I had to tell my dad about the happiest day of my life”及下面文章中与父亲的对话可知，Meggie给父亲打电话是想告诉父亲她们队赢了，想和父亲一起分享成功的喜悦。
3．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据末段可知，Meggie明白了父亲不能来观看比赛，是因为他在为了她而辛苦工作，由此可推断出，Meggie会感谢她父亲为她所做的一切。
4．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了Meggie的父亲没能观看她的比赛，但Meggie明白了父亲是爱她的，是为了她才努力工作的。文章的末句点明了主旨，由此可知，本文最好的标题是“一个父亲的爱”。
B
【语篇解读】　瑜伽运动对人的身体和精神健康都有好处，这篇文章就如何开始瑜伽训练给出了建议。
5．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段“ Although yoga includes physical exercise, it is also a lifestyle of which exercise is just a part.”可知，锻炼只是瑜伽这种生活方式的一部分，并没有说是最重要的一部分。
6．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。第二段提到瑜伽能“...improve strength, balance and patience...reduces anxiety and stress, and even helps them sleep better.”，由此可见，瑜伽对人们的身体和精神都有益处。
7．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段“Some yoga teachers offer private classes for students who want more professional training.”可知，想要进行专业的瑜伽锻炼，我们可以请瑜伽教练进行私人培训。
8．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。最后一段提到“Before you begin any type of exercise program, it's a good idea to talk to your doctor...”，在进行瑜伽锻炼之前最好先咨询一下医生。
C
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了如何营造环保的家，从厨房节约能源、种植室内植物和节约用水三方面提出了建议。
9．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何营造环保的家园，因此可推断，第一段讨论家庭的重要性是为了表明创造环保家园是有必要的，从而引出下文。
10．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Don't make wasteful use of the gas.”可知，作者建议节约使用天然气，即在厨房要节约能源。
11．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“we keep the water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes”可知，我们在刷牙或洗衣服时让水一直流着，因此可推测，画线部分的意思是我们并没有意识到水的重要性。
12．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home eco－friendly.”可知，本文主要阐述如何营造环保的家园。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文阅读。作者通过这篇文章给出了一些保证良好的睡眠的方法和建议。
1．答案与解析：F　本段的标题为“准时起床”。根据上文提到的“Changing your sleeping time by more than an hour can severely disturb your sleep quality.”可知，F项“换句话说，睡眠时间的突然改变会影响你的‘生物钟’”是对上一句的解释。
2．答案与解析：D　根据下文中提到的“Wait at least three hours after dinner before going to sleep.”可知，D项“注意睡前吃或喝的东西”可作为该段的小标题。
3．答案与解析：B　根据下文提到的“Exposure to light during the time when you're supposed to be sleeping can disrupt your body's internal clock.”可知，光照会打乱你的生物钟，故B项“(当你睡觉时)尽可能保持黑暗”概括本段内容。
4．答案与解析：A　本段的主题为“睡眠与光线”。根据上文提到的“Turn your light off, or use a very dim night light.”，再结合下文的“They include windows, LED clocks, computer lights and cable boxes.”可知，空格处表示“避免所有的光线”。
5．答案与解析：G　本段的小标题为“改变你的睡姿”。下文叙述睡姿会对你产生很大的影响。G项“如果你在午夜醒来，努力保持一个舒适的姿势”与本段中心词sleeping position意义一致。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在高中时期遇到的篮球教练，他对作者要求严格，对作者影响很大。
1．答案与解析：who/that　此空引导定语从句，修饰先行词my mother，指人，且引导词在定语从句中作主语。故填who/that。
2．答案与解析：have been　since作“自从”讲，从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。
3．答案与解析：coaches　设空处前有many修饰，名词要用复数形式，coach是以－ch结尾的名词，变复数时在词尾加－es。故填coaches。
4．答案与解析：focused　句意为：我认识很多教练，听过他们数百条建议，但是他们通常只注重训练，提高我的技能，使我达到更高一级水平。根据句意可知，应用一般过去时，故填focused。
5．答案与解析：be selected　主语I与select之间为被动关系，应用被动结构，故填be selected。
6．答案与解析：it　make it为固定搭配，意为“做到；成功”。
7．答案与解析：strictest　此处指他是“我”见过的工作最严厉的教练。定语从句I have ever met修饰先行词coach，根据句意可知此处应用最高级形式。
8．答案与解析：but　句意为：一些人认为这很疯狂，但事实并非如此。根据句意可知，此处表示转折。故填but。
9．答案与解析：completely　空后的sincere是形容词，故此处应用副词修饰形容词。
10．答案与解析：not　句意为：他期望我们不仅要在球场上表现优秀，在课堂上也要如此。not just...but...意为“不仅……而且……”。
课时作业(二)　Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．athletes　2.master's　3.medals　4.championship　5.injured
6．captain　7.determination　8.graceful　9.Failure　10.strength　11.glory　12.honour
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．has set a good example　2.at home and abroad　3.cares for
4．give up　5.brought honour and glory to　6.learn from
7．fall apart　8.lose heart　9.come along　10.in honour of
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．medals　2.determination　3.injured　4.to lose　5.it　6.graceful
7．strength　8.to　9.up　10.has been helping
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
【语篇解读】　本文介绍英国年轻人的梦想职业。
1．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as much as 40 percent of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.”和第三段第一句“This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media.”可知，互联网正影响着年轻英国人的事业选择。故选B。
2．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段“This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.”可知，互联网使进入演艺圈更方便。故选C。
3．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame and fortune.”可知，只有几个视频博主可以成功。故选A。
4．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. It's an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And that's enough for him.”可知，像David这样的年轻人把工作和业余爱好结合在一起。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　电子竞技算不算体育运动，众说纷纭。
1．答案与解析：E　根据空后的“It was esports, or competitive computer gaming.”可判断，不是足球赛、篮球或网球比赛，所以选E项。
2．答案与解析：D　根据空后的“They practise for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week.”可知，D项“成为专业玩家不容易”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：F　根据空后的“You can watch games on video sites. They can be exciting to watch.”可知，F项“除了玩游戏，很多人也喜欢看它们”可承接上文。
4．答案与解析：G　根据空前的“But are esports really sports? Are players athletes? Some say no.”可判断，这里的句子用来解释原因、判断，电子竞技玩家不需要跑、跳、扔或做大的身体动作，所以选G项。
5．答案与解析：A　根据空前的“Snooker and shooting are classified as sports.”可知，A项“那么也许电子竞技也应该(归类为体育运动)”，故选A项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。一次作者看到女儿所在的足球队在和强大的对手比赛的时候失败了，但是这些女孩子们把在比赛中得到的教训融合到了第二天的比赛中，终于得分了。作者通过这件事认识到亲身经历是最好的老师。
1．答案与解析：B　考查形容词。根据上文“School? A friend? A tutor？”我们知道这些都是传统的(traditional)学习的地方。public公共的；official官方的；special特殊的，故选B。
2．答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据下文“somewhere else instead”可知，你所想要学习的就位于(lie)某个其他的地方。pass经过；work工作；end 结束，故选C。
3．答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据空格后面的“a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams.”可知只有技术好的队才能参加(enter)锦标赛。win赢； organize组织； watch观看，故选B。
4．答案与解析：A　考查形容词。根据下文“ as they played against teams __5__ trained. Through the first two games, her __6__ did not get one serious shot on goal.”可知她们周末对抗的对手是一些强队，她们总是输。因此这给她们带来了一些痛苦的(painful)经历。strange奇怪的 ；common 普通的；practical实际的，故选A。
5．答案与解析：D　考查副词。根据上文提到的“more skilled club teams”可知，参加这些锦标赛的球队都是经过更好(better)训练的球队。less更少； poorly糟糕地； newly最近，故选D。
6．答案与解析：D　考查名词。根据空格后面的“did not get one serious shot on goal.”(没有得到过一次真正的射门分数)可知，此处指作者女儿所在的球队(team)。fan迷，狂热爱好者； tutor导师； class班级，故选D。
7．答案与解析：C　考查连词。根据空格前面的“playing her best”和空格后面的“still defeated”可知，虽然尽力了，但还是失败了，这里是一种转折的关系，故选C。
8．答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据空格后面的“for their Sunday game”可知此处指她们在周日比赛露面(showed up)的时候。dress 穿(衣服); make up 编造；plan计划，故选B。
9．答案与解析：D　考查副词。根据上下文的语境，尤其是上文的“...something clicked with the...”可知好像这些女孩子们突然领悟到了什么，这次她们出场的时候，完全(completely)不一样了。slightly稍微； hardly几乎不； basically基本地，故选D。
10．答案与解析：A　考查动词。根据空格前面的“They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had...”和后面的信息the day before可知作者的女儿所在的队把昨天她们看到的与今天的比赛融合到一起，故选A。
11．答案与解析：A　考查副词。结合空格前面的“They played aggressively...”可知，她们积极地比赛，甚至(even)得分了，故选A。
12．答案与解析：B　 考查动词。这里是一个固定的句型：It strikes /struck sb. that...(某人突然想起……)，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。confuse使困惑；remind 提醒；warn警告，故选B。
13．答案与解析：D　考查形容词。本文主要谈论的是学习，我们知道作者认为和其他强队进行比赛，是这些女孩子们学习(learning)的良机，故选D。
14．答案与解析：A　考查名词。与上文的“playing against the other team”呼应，作者认为和强队进行比赛，这种经历(experience)是最好的老师，故选A。
15．答案与解析：C　考查形容词短语。根据空格前面的“The lessons they learned...”和空格后面的“...what they would have gotten in school...”可知，她们学到的经验与她们在学校中学到的东西没有什么不同(different from)。be harmful to对……有害； be mixed with与……混合； be applied to应用于，故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　巴塞罗那俱乐部与众不同，它不像其他的俱乐部一样在球衣上印体育广告，而是每年向联合国儿童基金会支付巨资，使用其慈善标志。
1．答案与解析：Children's　考查名词所有格。fund是名词，前面应该是名词的所有格作定语，所以填Children's。
2．答案与解析：saying　考查非谓语动词。sign和say有逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词－ing形式作伴随状语。
3．答案与解析：successful　考查形容词。team是名词，所填的词应为形容词形式，所以用successful。
4．答案与解析：competitors　考查名词复数。根据前面的修饰语可知，所填的词是指人的名词，所以用competitors，意为“竞争对手”。
5．答案与解析：in　考查介词短语。in debt意为“负债”，是固定短语。
6．答案与解析：who　考查定语从句。先行词是人，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填who。
7．答案与解析：simply　考查副词。修饰动词，要用副词形式。
8．答案与解析：more　考查固定搭配。根据后面的than可知，这里是more than，意为“不仅仅……；超过”。
9．答案与解析：independence　考查名词。greater是形容词，后面要接名词，所以用independence，意为“独立”。
10．答案与解析：linked　考查非谓语动词。link和team有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词－ed形式作定语。
课时作业(三)　Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.用附加疑问句完成句子
1．don't you　2.has he　3.didn't she　4.isn't there　5.will you
6．can you　7.shall we　8.could you　9.won't they　10.doesn't he　11.is he　12.doesn't she　13.aren't I　14.needn't you/mustn't you
15．isn't it　16.aren't you　17.didn't they　18.doesn't it
19．haven't you　20.wasn't it
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Yes, you are.　2.No, he didn't.　3.Yes, he ought to.
4．No, it isn't.　5.No, he hasn't.　6.Yes, I can.
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　在“青少年健康”这个话题上，体育锻炼非常重要。它可以减少压力并改善身体状况。锻炼可使人身体强壮，有助于保持体形。
1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句“‘Inactive’ means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight.”可知，C项正确。
2．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段的第一、二句中“together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. ‘These are really important in order to prevent injuries，’”可知，伸展和弯腰运动可防止受伤。
3．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。文章的第一句“Teenagers' fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important.”是主题句，由此可知，B项为最佳标题。
B
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了四个与众不同的马拉松比赛：印加古道马拉松、雅典马拉松、大苏尔国际马拉松赛和非洲五大猛兽马拉松。
4．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“With Cusco's rich history of being once the capital of the Inca Empire, participants can explore several ancient archeological sites.”可知，在Inca Trail Marathon，参赛者亲临几个考古遗址，了解印加帝国的历史。
5．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Before the race, participants generally visit the world－famous Monterey Bay Aquarium, which owns rich animals.”可知，比赛前选手通常会参观世界著名的蒙特利湾水族馆。
6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“...the Athens Marathon is perfect for those of you who are interested in history, mythology, and architecture.”可知，在Athens Marathon中，选手可以了解到历史、神话以及建筑风格。
7．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文中最后一段可知，因为Big Five Marathon并没有把选手与野生动物用栅栏隔开，因此选手在奔跑的过程中随时会遇见这些野生动物，所以选手跑的时候要当心野生动物。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　如果我们想保持健康，可以参考以下建议：多运动、戒烟、避免过量饮酒、减轻压力、使自己远离污染。
1．答案与解析：F　由本段主题“Move More”和本空前一句中的“find ways to move your body”可知F项“有很多能活动胳膊和腿的事情可以做”符合语境。
2．答案与解析：E　由本段主题“Give up Smoking”和本空前一句中的“the Hollywood influence”可知，应选E项。
3．答案与解析：B　本段讲的是最新研究表明每天一杯酒可以预防心脏疾病，但多于一杯则可能会引起其他健康问题。由此可知此段建议避免过量饮酒。故选B项。
4．答案与解析：G　本段讲的是应减轻个人压力，每天放松自己，G项“一些专家提供的技巧是多一些积极的想法”符合语境。
5．答案与解析：D　由本段主题中的“Pollution”和空前的“smog－free environment...avoid smoke－filled rooms”可知，应选D项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　 本文为记叙文。介绍了小学时一位老师给我带来的改变，她给予了我鼓励与自信。
1．答案与解析：C　考查名词。句意：她是我们小学的音乐老师，也是我们教堂的吉他手。A.cleaner清洁工；B.violist小提琴演奏者 ；C.guitarist吉他手；D.pianist 钢琴家。根据下文“One day she let me try playing her guitar.”可知，她是吉他手，故选C。
2．答案与解析：D　考查动词。句意：我想要给她留下深刻印象。A. thank感谢；B.ignore忽视；C.inspire鼓舞，鼓励；D.impress给……留下深刻印象。根据上文“I had a strong feeling of love on her”可知，我希望给她留下深刻印象，故选D。
3．答案与解析：D　考查名词。句意：我对任何乐器都没有天赋。A. idea主意，想法；B.defense防御，防卫；C.attempt试图，尝试；D.talent天资，才能。根据下文however判断，我在乐器上没有天赋，故选D。
4．答案与解析：C　考查形容词。句意：我尽管有热情，但是唱得很糟糕。A. urgent紧急的；B.patient有耐心的；C.awful糟糕的；D.attractive吸引人的。根据下文“though I was enthusiastic”可知，此处指我唱得很糟糕，故选C。
5．答案与解析：A　考查连词。句意：我尽了最大努力，但是，只能是不流畅地演奏。此处前后为转折关系，故选A。
6．答案与解析：B　考查形容词。句意：当我结束了，我垂下了头。A. disabled残疾的；B.done完毕，结束；C.concerned担忧的，关心的；D.used习惯于，适应；二手的。此处指当我演奏完成时，故选B。
7．答案与解析：A　考查形容词。句意：我认为我做的不好。 A. good好的，擅长的；B.comfortable舒适的；C.cool凉爽的；D.convenient方便的，便利的。根据上文“could only stumble(不流畅地演奏) along”及下文“We are all good at something.”可知，我不太擅长(good)，故选A。
8．答案与解析：B　考查动词。句意：她用亲切的目光看着我，微笑着说。A. glanced瞟一眼，瞥一眼；B.smiled微笑；C.rolled滚动；D.lay躺，躺下。根据上文“with her kind eyes”与下文“We are all good at something.”可知，她微笑着，故选B。
9．答案与解析：C　考查动词短语。句意：你只需要弄清楚你擅长什么。A. add to增加，增添；B.give up放弃；C.find out找出，查明，弄清楚；D.show off炫耀。我们都擅长某件事，因此你需要弄清楚你所擅长的，故选C。
10．答案与解析：D　考查动词。句意：然后，你可以与世人分享。A. make做，制造，使得；B.play做游戏，演奏；C.desert遗弃；D.share分享。弄清楚你所擅长的，然后与世人分享，故选D。
11．答案与解析：A　考查动词。句意：他们在我的灵魂中播下了一颗种子，这颗种子一直生长到今天。A. planted种植；B.stored储存；C.selected挑选；D.recognized识别，认出。根据上文“Those simple words changed me.”判断，他们在我的灵魂中种下了一粒种子，故选A。
12．答案与解析：B　考查动词。句意：他们让我意识到我总会有东西可以给予他人。A. arrange安排；B.realize意识到；C.imagine想象；D.decide决定。此处指作者的感悟，故选B。
13．答案与解析：B　考查介词。句意：我的内心有一些美好的东西。 根据上文“They made me ____ that I had something to give to others.”可知，我内心深处有一种美好的东西，可以让这个世界变得更好，故选B。
14．答案与解析：C　考查动词短语。句意：我只需要找到它，把它拿出来，然后与人分享。A. point out指出；B.leave out遗漏，被忽视；C.bring out拿出，使显示；D.make out理解，辨认出。此处指把它拿出来，故选C。
15．答案与解析：D　考查形容词。句意：那就是自从那个重要的日子以来，我一直在努力所做的事情。A. sunny阳光充足的；B.strange奇怪的，陌生的；C.amusing有趣的，引人发笑的；D.important重要的。老师的话语改变了我，因此这就是我在那个重要的日子以来所做的一切，故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何正确地通过饮食摄取营养提供了几条建议。
1．答案与解析：illness　考查名词。根据前面的an可知，此处用ill的名词形式，所以填illness。
2．答案与解析：sleepy　考查形容词。根据空格前的“You may have felt tired, painful and”可知，and前后词性一致，所以此处填sleep的形容词形式sleepy。
3．答案与解析：to stay　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，所以填to stay。
4．答案与解析：gives　考查主谓一致。主语是It，所以此处用动词give的第三人称单数形式。
5．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。此处表特指，所以用定冠词the修饰。
6．答案与解析：into　考查介词。divide...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”。
7．答案与解析：eating　考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词作宾语。
8．答案与解析：that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。根据语境可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是the vegetables，所以用that或者which引导。
9．答案与解析：but　考查连词。根据语境可知，空格前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，所以填连词but。
10．答案与解析：naturally　考查副词。此处用副词修饰形容词，所以填naturally。
课时作业(四)　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．positive　2.slimmer　3.diet　4.error　5.stressed　6.cheat
7．jog　8.audience　9.pretend　10.compete
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．rather than　2.make a difference　3.cut out　4.Compared with　5.now and then　6.go on a diet　7.is positive about　8.are similar to
9．improve our life　10.make sense
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
【语篇解读】　本文为一篇议论文。作者认为运动员不应该服用类固醇，因为这不但对别的运动员不公平，对服用者本人也有害。
1．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第一段“...I read a news report that an athlete consumed steroids in order to perform better at a sports event. I was really surprised”可知，是那位运动员服用类固醇这件事让作者很惊讶。
2．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由第二段所举的例子可知，运动员服用类固醇后更易取胜，因为类固醇会让人更强壮、精力更充沛。因此这对他的对手而言是不公平的。
3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由最后一段“...later on the news found out that he was consuming steroids, it could affect the athlete's career”可知应选D。
4．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。由文章内容可知，本文主要是围绕为什么运动员不应该服用类固醇展开的。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对运动的热爱以及运动给人们带来的益处。
1．答案与解析：D　根据后句内容可知人们喜欢看比赛，买票去现场观看或者在电视上看，还会因为自己喜欢的选手或队伍获胜而高兴。由此判断D项内容符合语境，能够引出下文。
2．答案与解析：G　本段主要介绍了几种风靡全世界的运动，如足球、游泳等。由此可知G选项内容可以作为段落主题句。
3．答案与解析：A　空后内容提到在日本、挪威、加拿大这些地方的人们十分喜爱滑冰或滑雪这些运动，这些都是寒冷地区人们的运动，故A选项内容符合语境。
4．答案与解析：E　空格前后内容介绍了历史悠久的运动、不是很悠久的运动和新兴的运动。由此判断E选项内容符合语境。
5．答案与解析：B　空格后内容介绍在运动中，人们能够学到努力拼搏和公平竞争，胜不骄，败不馁的精神。这是运动对人们性格的塑造。故B项内容符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冬奥会的发展历史。
1．答案与解析：started　考查动词时态。句意：1896年，现代奥运会在希腊雅典开始的时候，并没有像冬奥会这样的比赛。根据时间状语in 1896判断用一般过去时。
2．答案与解析：Players　考查名词的数。句意：运动员们只参加夏季奥运会。player是可数名词，