牛津译林版九年级上册英语Unit 2-3单元宾语从句导学案（含部分答案）

教案
课程主题
宾语从句专题讲解
授课时间：
学习重难点以及学习目标
1.掌握宾语从句三要素时态、语序、连接词
2.
if
和whether的辨析
进门检测
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1.
These
flowers
are
from
Guangdong.
He
said.
He
said
_______
these
flowers
_______
from
Guangdong.
2.
Light
travels
faster
than
sound.
My
teacher
told
me.
My
teacher
told
me
_____
light
_______
faster
than
sound.
3.
There
will
be
a
meeting
in
five
days.
Jack
didn’t
know.
Jack
didn’t
know
_____
there
_____
____
a
meeting
in
five
days.
4.
Can
they
speak
French?
I
want
to
know.
I
want
to
know
______
_______
_______
_______
French.
5.
Are
the
children
playing
games?
Tell
me.
Tell
me
______
the
children
______
______
games.
6.
Have
you
finished
your
homework
yet?
Mr.
Zhao
asked
Ma
Gang.
Mr.
Zhao
asked
Ma
Gang
____
_____
____
____
___
homework
yet.
一、1.that,
were
2.that,
travels
3.that,
would
be
4.if/whether
they
can
speak
5.if/whether,
are
playing
6.if/whether
he
had
finished
his
课堂导入
让学生观察下列句子，独立思考并翻译出来。
1.
You
are
right.
I
think
(that)
you
are
right.
2.
Are
they
drawing?
The
teacher
asked
if
they
were
drawing.
3.The
sun
rises
in
the
east.
She
said
that
the
sun
rises
in
the
east.
学生思考：划线的句子在整个句子中作什么成分？
教师讲解：以上红体字的句子在整个长句中作宾语。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
知识精讲
知识点一、宾语从句的连接词
【知识梳理1】
that引导的宾语从句
如:“She
is
a
good
girl,”
the
teacher
told
us.=The
teacher
told
us
(
that
)
she
was
a
good
girl.
老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩。
注意:引导词that用于下列情况时不可省略:
(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时。
如:He
says
that
that
is
a
useful
book.他说那是一本有用的书。
(2)当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。
如:I'm
afraid
that
if
you've
lost
it,
you
must
pay
for
it.我恐怕如果你丢了它，你必须赔偿。
(3)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可以省略外，其余从句中的that都不可以省略。
如:He
said
(that)
the
film
was
very
interesting
and
that
he
enjoyed
seeing
it
very
much.
他说这部电影非常有趣，并且他非常喜欢看。
【知识梳理2】whether或if引导的宾语从句
如:“Are
you
from
Japan?”
He
asked
me.
=He
asked
me
if/whether
I
was
from
Japan.
他问我是不是来自日本。
“Do
you
like
watching
TV?”
He
asked
me.
=He
asked
me
if/whether
I
liked
watching
TV.
他问我是否喜欢看电视。
在下列情况下只能用whether，不能用if：
(1)在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
如：
I
can't
decide
whether
to
stay.
我不能决定是否留下。
(2)在whether…
or
not的固定搭配中。如：
1
want
to
know
whether
it's
good
news
or
not.
我想知道是否是好消息。
(3)在介词后，只能用whether。如：
His
father
is
worried
about
whether
he
loses
his
work.
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
(4)宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。如：
Whether
they
can
finish
the
work
on
time
is
still
a
problem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
(5)用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。
如：Could
you
tell
me
if
you
know
the
answer?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义。
【知识梳理3】特别疑问词引导的宾语从句
如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。
疑问词：
who/
whom/
whose/
which/what/when/where/why/how...引导的宾语从句
如：The
small
children
don't
know
what
is
in
their
stockings.
这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？
He
asked
whose
handwriting
was
the
best
in
our
class.
他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
如:When
did
he
leave
for
Japan?
Could
you
tell
me?
Could
you
tell
me
when
he
left
for
Japan?
你能告诉我他什么时候去的日本吗?
【例题精讲】
(1)
Police
have
found
appears
to
be
the
lost
ancient
statue(古代雕像).
A.
which
B.
where
C.
how
D.
what
D思路点拨:句意:警察已经找到了样子好像丢失的古代雕像的东西。Police
have
found是主句。空白处为宾语从句的引导词，这个引导词在宾语从句中作主语。where和how在宾语从句中不能作主语，排除掉;which“哪一个”，不符合句意;what“什么，什么样的，所……的”，在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语等。
(2)Experts
believe
people
can
waste
less
food
by
shopping
only
when
it
is
necessary.
A.
why
B.
where
C.
that
D.
what
C思路点拨:句意:专家认为人们只有在必要时去购物才能浪费较少的食物。主句是Experts
believe，空白处后面是宾语从句，空白处是从属连词，引导宾语从句。分析宾语从句可知，它也是一个主从复合句，only
when
it
is
necessary是时间状语从句。这个宾语从句结构完整，不缺成分，这种情况下引导词用that，此时that可以省略。
(3)一Have
you
finished
the
book?
一No，I've
read
up
to
the
children
discover
the
secret
cave.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
that
D.
where
D思路点拨:句意:一你看完这本书了吗?一没有，我已经看到孩子们发现秘密山洞的地方了。介词to后面是从句，作to的宾语。宾语从句中缺少地点状语，所以应选where作关系词。
(4)
I
don't
care
he
will
come
or
not.
A.
weather
B.
if
C.
whether
D./
C思路点拨:句意:我不关心他是否会来。whether和if都表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时可互换，但句中如果有or
not，则只能用whether。
【巩固练习】
(1)
struck
me
most
in
the
movie
was
the
father's
deep
love
for
his
son.
A.
That
B.
It
C.
What
D.
Which
C电影中最让我感到震撼的是那个父亲对他儿子深深的父爱。
本题考查主语从句。主句谓语动词
was
前为主语从句部分，从句中缺少主语，且指代事物（the
father's
deep
love
for
his
son），故使用代词
what。that
在名词性从句中不充当成分，没有实际意义，排除A项。which
表示在确定范围内进行选择，意为
“哪一个”，不合题意，排除D项。故正确答案为C。
(2)
At
first
he
hated
the
new
job
but
decided
to
give
himself
a
few
months
to
see
it
got
any
better.
A.
when
B.
how
C.
why
D.
if
D刚开始的时候他很讨厌这份新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月时间看看是否会变好一点。
see
后面为宾语从句，缺少一个引导词。根据句意应该选择
if，意为“是否”。其他选项均不符合句意。故
(3)
With
his
work
completed,
the
businessman
stepped
back
to
his
seat，feeling
pleased
he
was
a
man
of
action.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
whether
B本题考查的是形容词后的宾语从句。feel是连系动词，与pleased构成系表结构，相当于be
pleased。
he
was
a
man
of
action作pleased的宾语从句，因为此从句的结构和意义都很完整，故用连词that。
(4)It
doesn't
matter
you
turn
right
or
left
at
the
crossing-both
roads
lead
to
the
park.
A.
whether
B.
how
C.
if
D.
when
A在十字路口，不管向左拐或向右拐都没关系——两条路都可以通到公园。
whether...or...，意为“不管是...还是...”，其他项均不能与
or
搭配并表此意，故正确答案为A。
【知识梳理4】宾语从句属于名词性从句，其引导词及作用见下表:
引导词引导词的作用that本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略what
,
which，who,
whose
,whom等连接代词在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等when(表时间)，where(表地点)，why(表原因)，how(表方式)等连接副词在从句中作状语if/whether意为“是否”、不作句子成分，但不能省略
知识点二、宾语从句要注意的几个问题
【知识梳理1】主句与从句时态一致的问题
1.
如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态可视情况使用任何一种相关的时态。
2.
如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。
3.
如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时。
4.
情态动词could
/
would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。
【例题精讲】
?1.Excuse
me,
could
you
tell
me
when
__the
new
Olympic
Center?
[沈阳市]
A.
are
we
visited
B.
will
we
visit
C.
we
are
visited
D.
we
will
visit
[答案]D。
[解析]考查宾语从句的用法。从句要用陈述句语序，而且时态要与主句一致。从句意看本句不能用被动语态，故排除A、c。本题考查的是以when引导的宾语从句。B没用陈述句语序，故排除，此处could只表委婉的语气，并不表过去。
2.—Could
you
tell
me
whom
the
radio
_________by?
一Sorry，I
have
no
idea．[福州市]
A.
invents
B.
invented
C.
is
invented
D.
was
invented
[答案]D。[解析]考查宾语从句的时态和语态的用法。从句中的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者，这时应使用被动语态，这样A、B两项可以排除。我们还应考虑到，收音机的“发明”一定是过去的事情，所以该句的时态应是一般过去时，谓语的构成为“was／were+动词的过去分词”。
3.I
didn’t
understand
__________,
so
I
raised
my
hand
to
ask..
?A.
what
my
teacher
says??
B.
what
does
my
teacher
say
?C.
what
my
teacher
said??
D.
what
did
my
teacher
say
?答案为C。本题为宾语从句，由于需要用陈述语序可排除B、D；另外，主句时态为一般过去时，则从句也要用对应的过去时态，故还可排除A。
【知识梳理2】宾语从句的语序问题
在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律是用“连接词＋陈述句语序”，其标点符号由主句来决定。
【例题精讲】
1．—Do
you
know
______________now?
一In
the
People's
Hotel．[北京市]
A.
where
is
Tom
working
B.
where
did
Tom
work
C.
where
Tom
is
working
D.
where
Tom
worked
[答案]C．[解析]考查宾语从句要用陈述句语序。宾语从句要注意两点：①从句用陈述句语序；②前后时态要一致。故排除A、B，D时态不对，故选C。
【知识梳理3】否定转移问题
当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think,
believe,
suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如:I
don't
think
he
will
come
with
you.
【例题精讲】
I
think
Daniel
has
finished
his
homework.(改为否定句)
I
Daniel
finished
his
homework.
don’t
think
has
思路点拨:在主从复合句中，主句的人称为第一人称，谓语动词为think,believe等时，要将宾语从句的否定转移到主句中。
【知识梳理4】宾语从句简化的问题
当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,
remember,
forget,
learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
【例题精讲】
I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do
with
the
letter.
（改为简单句）（年山东烟台）
I
don’t
know
what
___________
___________
with
the
letter.
??????
答案与解析：答案为to
do。当主句谓语动词是know，learn，forget，remember等，其后接疑问词（连接代词／副词）引导的宾语从句，且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化成“疑问词（连接代词／副词+不定式（短语）”结构，故空白处填to
do。
课堂检测
【基础题】
一、判断正误
1.I
think
beef
taste
better
than
pork.
2.Could
you
tell
me
when
will
the
meeting
begin?
3.I
really
don’t
know
what
does
it
mean.
4.She
hasn’t
decided
that
she
will
go
to
Australia
or
not.
T
F
F
F
二、选择题
（
）1.The
class
teacher
asked
the
monitor_______________.
A.why
was
Jeff
late
for
school
B.why
Jeff
was
late
for
school
C.why
is
Jeff
late
for
school
D.why
Jeff
is
late
for
school
（
）2.Rose
wondered
_______
the
new
mobile
phone.
A.how
much
would
she
pay
for
B.how
much
will
she
pay
for
C.how
much
she
would
pay
for
D.how
much
she
will
pay
for
（
）3.Please
tell
us
_________________.(黄浦区)
A.when
will
the
winter
vocation
start
B.when
the
winter
vocation
will
start
C.when
does
the
winter
vocation
start
D.when
did
the
winter
vocation
start
（
）4.Could
you
tell
me
______________?(嘉定区)
A.how
often
do
you
see
a
film
B.who
they
are
staying
with
C.where
did
he
live
D.what
is
she
doing
now
（
）5.Do
you
know
how
long
_______
to
leave
Shanghai
for
Tokyo?(闸北区)
A.does
it
take
you
B.will
it
take
you
C.it
takes
you
D.you
take
it
（
）6.I
didn’t
understand
_______in
class,
so
I
raised
my
hand
to
ask.(静安区)
A.what
my
teacher
said
B.what
did
my
teacher
say
C.how
did
my
teacher
say
D.how
my
teacher
said
（
）7.My
English
Teacher
asked
me
_____________(徐汇区)
A.why
Jane
hasn’t
watched
the
game
B.why
hasn’t
Jane
watched
the
game
C.why
Jane
hadn’t
watched
the
game
D.why
hadn’t
Jane
watched
the
game
（
）8.Tom
told
me
________this
afternoon.(金山区)
A.he
is
going
to
watch
a
ball
game
B.he
was
going
to
have
a
meeting
C.if
he
is
going
to
see
a
film
D.if
he
was
going
to
take
a
walk
（
）9.Do
you
know
______________？(奉贤区)
A.when
he
has
come
B.why
he
didn’t
come
C.if
he
comes
tomorrow
D.whom
is
he
looking
for
（
）10.Mary’s
aunt
has
no
idea______________(青浦区)。
A.where
can
she
go
B.which
skirt
she
should
buy
C.what
she
had
said
D.when
will
she
leave
for
Beijing
BCBBC
ACBBB
【中等题】
1.
---
Could
you
tell
us
how
long
______?
?---
About
three
days.
A.
does
the
sports
meeting
last
B.
the
sports
meeting
last
C.
will
the
sports
meeting
last
D.
the
sports
meeting
will
last
2.
I
want
to
know______,
A.
what
is
his
name
B
what's
his
name
C.
that
his
name
is
D.
what
his
name
is
3．Parents
are
taught
to
understand_____important
education
is
to
their
children’s
future.(2004广东卷)
A.
that
B.
how
C.
such
D.
so
4．I
wonder
_______
they
will
come
here
with
tomorrow.
A.
whether
B.
when
C.
who
D.
how
5.
---Could
you
tell
me
______?
---I'm
not
sure.
A.
how
many
people
have
been
out
of
hospital
B.
when
is
Thanksgiving
C.
which
animal
does
he
like
best
D.
what
time
will
the
dolphin
show
start
6.
---
Can
I
help
you?
---
Yes.
I'd
like
a
ticket
to
Mount
Emei.
Can
you
tell
me______
take
to
get
there?
A.
how
soon
will
it
B.
how
soon
it
will
C.
how
long
it
will
D.
how
long
will
it
7.
---Could
you
let
me
know
___________
yesterday?
---Because
the
traffic
was
heavy.
A.
why
did
you
come
late
B.
why
you
came
late
C.
why
do
you
come
late
D.
why
you
come
late
8.
A
computer
can
only
do
_________you
have
instructed
it
to
do.
A.
how
B.
after
C.
what
D.
when
9.
The
other
day,
my
brother
drove
his
car
down
the
street
at
________
I
thought
was
a
dangerous
speed.
A.
as???????
B.
which???????
C.
what????
D.that
Dthat
10.
I
think
Father
would
like
to
know
____
I've
been
up
to
so
far,
so
I
decide
to
send
him
a
quick
note
A.
which
B.
why
C.
what
D.
how
【参考答案】
1．D
宾语从句用陈述句语序。
2．D
宾语从句用陈述句语序。
3．
B题干中的“_____important
education
is
to
their
children’s
future”应理解为：education为主语，important是is的表语；to
their
children’s
future是状语，所以空格处应为how修饰important。其实这个宾语从句是一个感叹句。
4．C
后面的"with"决定了用"who"。
5．A
宾语从句用陈述句语序。
6.
C
how
soon一般用于指某事过多久后或到什么时候才发生，how
long一般用于指某事需持续多长时间。
7.
B
yesterday表明宾语从句应用一般过去时，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
8．
C。
分析本句的结构可知，
空白处应填的连词应作宾语从句中动词不定式中动词do的宾语。所以，该连接词应是连接代词。故应选C。
9．
C。
介词at之后是宾语从句，其中I
thought是插入语。也可以把what分解为a
speed
that…
10．C
what引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作短语be
up
to
的宾语。
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1.
Jim
told
me
____
he
didn't
go
fishing
yesterday
afternoon.（how,
why）
2.
Do
you
know
______
else
is
going
to
be
on
duty
today？（who,
whom）
3.
She
said
_____
it
wouldn't
matter
much.（that,
if）
4.
He
always
thinks
______
he
can
do
better.（how,
who）
5.
I
really
don't
know
________
the
bridge
will
be
finished.（how
long,
how
soon）
6.
They
don't
know
_______
to
go
or
wait.
(if,
whether)
7.
We
are
talking
about
______
we’ll
go
back
tomorrow.
(whether,
if)
8.
I
was
really
surprised
at
______
I
saw.
(where,
what)
9.
I
don't
know
____
so
many
people
are
looking
at
him.
(how,
why)
10.
Do
you
know
______
you
are
studying
for?
(why,
what)
1.why
2.who
3.that
4.how
5.how
soon
6.whether
7.whether
8.what
9.why
10.what
重点复习
宾语从句的连接词
that、whether或if、what
,
which，who,
whose
,whom等连接代词；when(表时间)，where(表地点)，why(表原因)，how(表方式)等连接副词
主句与从句时态一致
宾语从句的语序
否定转移
宾语从句简化
课后巩固
一、句型转换。
1.
“Do
you
want
to
try
it?”
Tom's
mother
asked
him.(同义句)
Tom's
mother
asked
him
_______
_______
______
to
try
it.
2.
I
think
this
is
a
good
idea.（改为否定句）
I
_______
________
this
________
a
good
idea.
3.
Lucy
hasn't
decided
which
trousers
to
buy.（改为复合句）
　
Lucy
hasn't
decided
________
_________
________
_______
buy.
4.
I
don't
know
how
I
can
get
to
the
hospital.（改为简单句）
　
I
don't
know
________
________
________
to
the
hospital.
I
don’t
suppose
they
will
come,
_______
______
?
(改为反意疑问句)
一、1.if/whether
he
wanted
2.don’t
think,
is
3.which
trousers
she
can
4.how
to
get
5.will
they
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.
We
are
sure
that
he
________
(go)
to
school
tomorrow.
2.
Do
you
know
who
______
(be)
the
first
man
to
walk
on
the
moon?
3.
Could
you
tell
me
where
the
post
office
______
(is)?
4.
Our
father
said
that
he
_______
(will)
buy
a
new
computer.
5.
I
hear
that
he
_______
(swim)
in
the
sea
yesterday.
6.
The
little
boy
tells
us
where
his
father
_______
(work).
7.
He
said
that
he
_________
(finish)
his
work
already.
8.
They
thought
they
could
_______
(hike)
to
the
top
of
the
mountain.
9.
He
was
glad
that
so
many
people
_____
(help)
him.
10.
She
doesn’t
know
whether
________
(go)
or
wait.
二、1.will
go
2.was
3.
is
4.would
5.swam
6.works
had
finished
8.hike
9.helped
10.to
go
三、选择填空。
(
)
1.
What
did
Mike
say?
He
said
____________________.
A.
if
you
are
free
the
next
week
B.
what
color
was
it
C.
the
weather
is
fine
D.
summer
comes
after
spring
(
)
2.
Tom
asked
my
friend
________________.
A.
where
was
he
from
B.
that
the
earth
is
bigger
than
the
moon
C.
when
did
he
come
back
D.
not
to
be
so
angry
(
)
3.
Let
me
tell
you
__________________.
A.
how
much
is
the
car
B.
how
much
does
the
car
cost
C.
how
much
did
I
pay
for
the
car
D.
how
much
I
spent
on
the
car
(
)
4.
Peter
knew
_______________.
A.
whether
he
has
finished
reading
the
book
B.
why
the
boy
had
so
many
questions
C.
there
were
12
months
in
a
year
D.
when
they
will
leave
for
Paris
(
)
5.
Could
you
tell
me
___________?
　
A.
where
do
you
live
　
B.
who
you
are
waiting
for
　
C.
who
were
you
waiting
for?
D.
where
you
live
in
(
)
6.
I
can't
understand
______the
boy
alone.
　
A.
why
she
left
　
B.
why
did
she
leave
C.
why
she
had
left　
D.
why
had
she
left
(
)
7.
She
told
me
the
sun
______
in
the
east.
　
A.
rise
　B.
rose
　C.
rises
　D.
had
risen
(
)
8.I
don't
know
________
up
so
early
last
Sunday.
A.
why
did
he
get
B.
why
he
gets
C.
why
does
he
get
D.
why
he
got
(
)
9.
The
manager
came
up
to
see
__________.
　
A.
what
was
the
matter
　
B.
what
the
matter
was
C.
what
the
matter
is???
D.
what's
the
matter
(
)
10.
He
asked
his
father
_______.
　
A.
where
it
happens?
?B.
where
did
it
happen
　
C.
how
it
happened??
?
D.
how
did
it
happen
(
)
11.
No
one
tells
us______,
so
we
need
your
help.
　
A.
how
we
should
do??
B.
what
should
we
do
　
C.
how
to
do
it??????
D.
what
to
do
it
(
)
12.
Could
you
please
teach
me
_______
the
computer.
　
A.
how
check?
?B.
to
check?
?C.
how
to
check?
?D.
to
how
checking
(
)
13.They
don't
know
_______their
parents
are.
A
that
B
what
C
why
D
which
三、1—5:
DDDBB
6—10:ACDBC
11—13:CCB
9