现在完成进行时考点
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现在完成进行时考点
一、现在完成进行时。
现在完成进行时的构成形式是“have / has been doing sth”，一般译作“一直在做某事”。现在完成进行时没有被动语态，它强调动作在某一段时间内一直在进行，而且这动作往往对现在产生影响。例如：
I’ve been waiting for an hour but he still hasn’t turned up.
I’ve been typing all day. Now I am tired.
The little boy has been walking for a whole day, which makes him exhausted.
现在完成进行时强调动作的持续时间，常带有感彩。例如：
Don’t put all the blame on me. I’ve been working all day long.
She has been looking after her paralyzed stepfather with great care for 8 years. We all admire her very much.
He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years, which really isn’t an easy thing.
有些动词不用于现在进行时，因此也不用于现在完成进行时。这类词包括系动词，如appear, look, taste等；表示感情和情绪的词，如admire, appreciate, desire, dislike, fear, hate, like, mind, respect等；表示精神活动的词，如believe, forget, know, realize, recognize, see等；表示拥有的动词，如belong, own, possess等。
二、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较。
1. 与表示持续的时间状语连用时（如since, for等），延续性动词live, learn, teach, sleep, lie, study, wait, work等，使用现在完成时和现在完成进行时的意义差不多，只是现在完成进行时带有一些感彩。试比较：
The teacher has taught at this school for ten years.
The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years.
2. 不使用时间状语时，现在完成时表示动作的“完成”，现在完成进行时强调动作到现在仍在“进行”。试比较：
I’ve read the book. I like it.
I’ve been reading the book. I like it.
真题再现
1. — ______ you ______ him around the museum yet
— Yes. We had a great time there. （07江苏）
A. Have... shown B. Do... show C. Had... shown D. Did... show
根据yet和从句的时态判断，应使用现在完成时。答案：A。
2. — I have got a headache.
— No wonder. You in front of that computer too long. （07江西）
A. work B. are working
C. have been working D. worked
现在完成进行时表示“一直做某事”，暗示现在仍在进行。根据句意可知答案为C。
3. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where
____ yet. （07浙江）
A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided
C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided
句子主语为一个从句：when and where (Professor James will give us a lecture)，作单数看待。根据yet判断时态是现在完成时。答案：A。
4. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ so
lonely as now. （07宁夏）
A. have I felt B. I had felt
C. I have felt D. had I felt
从前半句可知与现在有关，而seldom用于句首，要用倒装语序。答案：A。
5. The unemployment rate in this district from 6% to 5% in the past two years. （07上海春）
A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling
根据时间状语in the past two years可知应使用现在完成时。答案：A。
6. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ________ English for a year. （07湖南）
A. studies B. studied
C. is studying D. has been studying
现在完成进行时与表示一段时间的状语for a year连用。答案：D。
7. Danny ________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
（07福建）
A. works B. is working
C. has worked D. worked
now he is popular提示对现在的影响。时间状语for long = for a long time，经常与现在完成时连用。答案：C。
8. Although medical science ________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. （06江苏）
A. achieved B. has achieved
C. will achieve D. had achieved
主句时态为现在时，可判定从句的时态应与现在有关。答案：B。
9. I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour. （06湖北）
A. has been working B. will have worked
C. will have been working D. had worked
在时间状语从句中，可使用现在完成时表示将来。答案：A。
10. The construction of the two new railway lines _______ by now. （06陕西）
A. has completed
B. have completed
C. have been completed
D. has been completed
由时间状语by now判断时态为现在完成时；句子主语为construction，单数且应为被动。答案：D。
11. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have ________ heard of her. （06广东）
A. even B. ever C. just D. never
副词ever, just, never经常与现在完成时连用，根据句意可知答案为B。
12. We ________ our new neighbors yet, so we don’t know their names. （06上海）
A. don’t meet B. won’t meet C. haven’t met D. hadn’t met
根据yet和从句的时态判断，应使用现在完成时。答案：C。
一、现在完成进行时。
现在完成进行时的构成形式是“have / has been doing sth”，一般译作“一直在做某事”。现在完成进行时没有被动语态，它强调动作在某一段时间内一直在进行，而且这动作往往对现在产生影响。例如：
I’ve been waiting for an hour but he still hasn’t turned up.
I’ve been typing all day. Now I am tired.
The little boy has been walking for a whole day, which makes him exhausted.
现在完成进行时强调动作的持续时间，常带有感彩。例如：
Don’t put all the blame on me. I’ve been working all day long.
She has been looking after her paralyzed stepfather with great care for 8 years. We all admire her very much.
He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years, which really isn’t an easy thing.
有些动词不用于现在进行时，因此也不用于现在完成进行时。这类词包括系动词，如appear, look, taste等；表示感情和情绪的词，如admire, appreciate, desire, dislike, fear, hate, like, mind, respect等；表示精神活动的词，如believe, forget, know, realize, recognize, see等；表示拥有的动词，如belong, own, possess等。
二、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较。
1. 与表示持续的时间状语连用时（如since, for等），延续性动词live, learn, teach, sleep, lie, study, wait, work等，使用现在完成时和现在完成进行时的意义差不多，只是现在完成进行时带有一些感彩。试比较：
The teacher has taught at this school for ten years.
The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years.
2. 不使用时间状语时，现在完成时表示动作的“完成”，现在完成进行时强调动作到现在仍在“进行”。试比较：
I’ve read the book. I like it.
I’ve been reading the book. I like it.
真题再现
1. — ______ you ______ him around the museum yet
— Yes. We had a great time there. （07江苏）
A. Have... shown B. Do... show C. Had... shown D. Did... show
根据yet和从句的时态判断，应使用现在完成时。答案：A。
2. — I have got a headache.
— No wonder. You in front of that computer too long. （07江西）
A. work B. are working
C. have been working D. worked
现在完成进行时表示“一直做某事”，暗示现在仍在进行。根据句意可知答案为C。
3. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where
____ yet. （07浙江）
A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided
C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided
句子主语为一个从句：when and where (Professor James will give us a lecture)，作单数看待。根据yet判断时态是现在完成时。答案：A。
4. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ so
lonely as now. （07宁夏）
A. have I felt B. I had felt
C. I have felt D. had I felt
从前半句可知与现在有关，而seldom用于句首，要用倒装语序。答案：A。
5. The unemployment rate in this district from 6% to 5% in the past two years. （07上海春）
A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling
根据时间状语in the past two years可知应使用现在完成时。答案：A。
6. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ________ English for a year. （07湖南）
A. studies B. studied
C. is studying D. has been studying
现在完成进行时与表示一段时间的状语for a year连用。答案：D。
7. Danny ________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
（07福建）
A. works B. is working
C. has worked D. worked
now he is popular提示对现在的影响。时间状语for long = for a long time，经常与现在完成时连用。答案：C。
8. Although medical science ________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. （06江苏）
A. achieved B. has achieved
C. will achieve D. had achieved
主句时态为现在时，可判定从句的时态应与现在有关。答案：B。
9. I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour. （06湖北）
A. has been working B. will have worked
C. will have been working D. had worked
在时间状语从句中，可使用现在完成时表示将来。答案：A。
10. The construction of the two new railway lines _______ by now. （06陕西）
A. has completed
B. have completed
C. have been completed
D. has been completed
由时间状语by now判断时态为现在完成时；句子主语为construction，单数且应为被动。答案：D。
11. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have ________ heard of her. （06广东）
A. even B. ever C. just D. never
副词ever, just, never经常与现在完成时连用，根据句意可知答案为B。
12. We ________ our new neighbors yet, so we don’t know their names. （06上海）
A. don’t meet B. won’t meet C. haven’t met D. hadn’t met
根据yet和从句的时态判断，应使用现在完成时。答案：C。