Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures reading language points

(共31张PPT)
Unit 1 Reading
Language points
Important sentences
Canada has vast areas of wilderness, from the Arctic north, where average winter temperatures are usually minus 20 degrees centigrade, to the 8,892-kilometer-long border with the USA in the south, which is said to be the longest border in the world not defended by an army or the police.
定语从句修饰the arctic
定语从句修饰the border
非谓语动词作定语修饰border
Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for short.
该句为倒装句，“表+系+主”，这种倒装有两种原因：
强调表语和避免头重脚轻。后面为which引导的定语
从句修饰先行词the Canadian National Tower.
表语
Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada, and also the second largest French-speaking city in the world, Paris being the largest.
是Montreal的同位语
Paris being the largest 独立主格形式作伴随状语。
= and Paris is the largest.
独立主格：
名词(代词) + 现在分词
（过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
= Because there is no bus, we had to…
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
= …，with his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
The lights off, we could not go on with the work.
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
=…, with a knife in hand.
Being ill, she didn’t go to school.
being的逻辑主语是she（主句主语）
His mother being ill, he had to stay at home to look after her.
being的逻辑主语是his mother
The teacher having finished the lesson, the students left the classroom.
Weather permitting, we will have a football match.
All things __________ ，the plan trip will have
to be called off．
A．be considered B．Considered
C．considering D．having considering
2. __________ yesterday，we went out for a walk．
A. As a fine day B. It was a fine day
C. It being a fine day D. For it was a fine day
3. She stood there, _____ from her cheeks.
A. tears roll down B. tears rolled down
C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down
4. I used to sleep with the window _____. A. opened B. open C. opening D to open 5. ____, the hunter went into the forest. A. A gun on shoulder
B. A gun was on his shoulder C. Gun on shoulder
D. A gun being on shoulder 6. He stood there silently, his lips_____. A. trembling B. trembled
C. were trembling D. were trembled
Smaller in size, but equally famous, is the city of Vancouver in the province of British Columbia on the Pacific coast.
“表+系+主”：
The city of Vancouver is smaller in size,
but equally famous.
The waterfalls, the largest of which is shaped like a semicircle, are 670 meters wide, and fall 56 meters in an awesome white sheet of water.
此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the waterfalls.
(=The largest of the waterfalls is shaped like
a semicircle.)
介词+关系代词：
依据从句中动词，形容词，名词与介词的固定搭配而定；
依据先行词与从句中的谓语动词及所表达的含义或以先行词在定语从句中的作用与含义而定。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, by which time many people have gone home.
turn to sb. for help
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ______ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
He offered us a lot of money _____ we couldn’t buy these machines. A. without which B. with that
C. with which D. without that
1. We can’t live without the sun ____ ______ we get heat and light.
2. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect .
3. Are you interested in any songs ____ _____ you’ve listened.
4. Tomorrow is a particular day ____ _____ his daughter will get married.
from which
to/for whom
to which
on which
＊ The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of ________ carrying heavy bags and baskets full of fruit and vegetables they had bought there.
A. them B. who C. whom D. which
＊ On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
＊ Madame Curie, for ___life had once been very hard ,was successful later A. whom B. whose C. which D. her.
Although only a handful of people were successful, many stayed and established settlements in the area, and there are now many museums showing what life was like back then.
showing引导一个现在分词短语作museums的定语
并列连词and连接两个并列句
宾语从句
Important words and phrases
be second to仅次于
He is second only to my own son in my affections.
我除了爱我的儿子，最爱他。
I think that, as a writer, he is second to none.
我认为，作为一个作家，他是最好的。
defend vt.
防御;保卫;保护
We shall defend our city, whatever the cost may be.
【体】防守(球门等)
Some players are better at defending.
【律】为...辩护
She defended herself successfully in court.
n. defence(se) 防护;防御;国防;被告
The best defence is offence.
先下手为强
the Department of Defence 国防部
Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame.
frozen/freezing
be freezing cold 极冷
freezing point 冰点
freezing weather
fresh / frozen fish
You must be frozen! Come and sit by the fire.
be frozen to death / be frozen dead 被冻死
be frozen with fear / terror / fright 吓呆了
thrill
n. 兴奋；令人兴奋的经历
It gave me a big thrill to meet my favorite film star in person.
n. 一阵强烈的感觉
A thrill of alarm ran through hm.
一阵惊恐的感觉传遍他的全身。
v. 使非常兴奋;(to sth.)(对…)感到兴奋
I was thrilled to be invited.
Audiences still thrill to the sound of the Rolling Stones.
locate vt. 确定…的位置； 使坐落于
The general tried to locate the enemy's camp.
be located in/on/at 坐落在
The Olympic National Park is located on the
Fifth Avenue .
Their factory is located at the foot of the
mountain.
— Why didn’t you buy the camera you had longed for
— I had planned to. But I was ￡50 _______.
A. fewer B. less
C. cheap D. short
short adj. 短的;矮的;缩写的 ;短缺的;不足的
cover vt.覆盖 & n. 盖子；封面；覆盖
包括；涉及
The lectures cover a lot of ground(领域).
(钱币)足以支付；够付
Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.
行走(一段路程)；占(面积)
By sunset we had covered thirty miles.
The reserve covers an area of some 1,140 square kilometers.
报道
The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.
代替，顶替(for)
I’m covering for Jane while she is on leave.
掩护
Cover me while I move forward.
turn a beautiful red
turn“变成”，表语如果是单数可数名词前不用冠词，但名词前若有形容词作定语时，必须加冠词。
The young worker has turned writer.
She has turned a successful singer.
feature
n. 【C】特征，特点
Teamwork is a key feature of the training program.
n. (on sb./sth.) 特写，专题节目
a special feature on education
n. 故事片
v. 以…为特色，是…的特征
The film features Anthony Hopkins as Picasso.
Fill in the blanks with adj. in the text.
Within this ____ country, there are ______ wastes, _____ mountain ranges, _________ open plaints, _________ rivers and _________ _______ forests. There are many wild animals in the forests and on the _______, ___________ lands in the north, and fish are ________ in the seas and rivers. For those who love _______ activities, it is _______ to hike, sail, ____________ ski or travel by snow-mobile for hours---or even days---without meeting another person.
huge
frozen
vast
enormous
countless
seemingly
endless
freezing
ice-covered
abundant
outdoor
possible
cross-country
_______ in size, but _______ ______, is the city of Vancouver in the province of British Columbia on the Pacific coast. Another ____________ city, it has one of the largest Chinese populations in North America. Vancouver has _______ scenery, a _________ harbor, and all the comforts of _______ life and ___________ cuisine, in addition to being _____ to the most _______ wilderness and ski areas.
Smaller
equally
famous
multicultural
superb
beautiful
modern
international
close
popular