状语从句 时间状语地点状语方式状语比较状语

(共18张PPT)
(十二)状语从句
一、时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有when，while，as，before，
after，whenever，till，until，since，once等。
1.when除了作“当……时候”解之外，还有“那时(突然)，这时(突
然)”之意，常用于下列句式：was/were doing...when...“正……突
然……”；was/were about to/going to do...when...“正要……突
然……”；had just done...when...“刚……突然就……。”
We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to
rain.
另外，when还可作“既然”解，引出原因状语从句。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk
there in five minutes.
2.before除译为“在……之前”外，还可译为“还未……就……”；
“不到……就……”；“……才……”；“趁着还没……就……”；
“还没来得及……就……”等。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.
我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸。
3.辨析before和since
before可构成句型：“it will(not)be...before...”和“it
was(not)...before...”，意为“多久之后才……”。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
It was some time before I realized the importance of it.
since可构成句型：“It is/has been...since...”，意为“做某事已有多
久了；已有多久没做某事了。”
It is three years since I smoked a cigar.
我不吸烟有三年了。
It is three years since I began to smoke.
我吸烟有三年了。
4.辨析while和as
while和as都可译为“在……期间；正当……时”，表示主句中的动
作和从句中的动作同时发生。但while从句中的谓语动词通常是
持续性动词，而as从句中的谓语动词既可是持续性动词，也可是
短暂性动词。
Please don’t talk so aloud while others are working.
He hurried home，looking behind as he went.
【注】　as还可译为“随着”，表示事态或状况的变化或发展过程。
As the years went by，his hair turned grey.
另外，just as是固定搭配，意为“正当……时”。
Just as he was leaving his house，the telephone rang.
while有时可译为“而，却”，表示上下文的转折对比关系。
He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.
while还有“虽然”之意，引出让步状语从句。
While I understand your viewpoint，I don’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你的观点，但我不同意。
5.当表达“一……就……”之意时，可用as soon as，immediately，
directly，the moment，the minute等引出状语从句，还可用no
sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...等句型。
The moment I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.
We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left.
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
6.短语every time，each time，next time，the first time，any
time，by the time等也可引导时间状语从句。
Every/Each time I was in trouble，he would come to help me out.
每次我陷入困境时，他就会来帮助我。
二、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有where，wherever等。
The church was built where there had once been a Roman
temple.
这座教堂建在一罗马寺庙的旧址上。
The thread breaks where it is weakest.
线从最弱的地方断。
三、原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，since等。
As I had a cold，I was absent from school.
因为我得了感冒，我缺课了。
此外，now(that)，seeing(that)，considering(that)，
given(that)等短语也可引导原因状语从句。
Now that you are all here，let’s try and reach a decision.
既然你们都在这儿，咱们就设法作出一个决定。
Considering he’s only been learning English a year，he
speaks it very well.
考虑到他学英语才一年，他讲得很好了。
四、条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless等。
If you have finished your homework，you can go out and play.
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
【注】条件状语从句中通常不用将来时态，要用一般现在时
或现在完成时代替一般将来时，一般过去时或过去完成时代
替过去将来时。
另外，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一……的话)，on
condition that(假如；在……条件下)，
suppose/supposing(that)(假设)，provided/providing(that)(倘
若；在……条件下)等也可引导条件状语从句。
As long as you don’t lose heart，you will succeed.
In case anything important happens，please call me up.
I’ll come on condition that my parents are invited，too.
五、让步状语从句
1.引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：although，though，as，even
though，even if。
They will stand by you even if you don’t succeed.
【注】although和though不可与but连用，但可与yet，still或
nevertheless连用。
Although it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football.
2.whether...or...可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还
是……；不论是否……”。
You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you are free or busy.
不管你忙不忙，你都要参加这个典礼。
3.whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever，
wherever等与no matter what/who/which...等亦可引导让步状语
从句，意为“不管……；无论……。
However far it is，I intend to drive there today.
The quality will be the same，whichever of them you choose.
六、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有：as，as if，as though等。
Do as you are told to，or you’ll be fired.
请按照要求去做，否则你会被开除。
【注】(just)as...so...是一常用句型，意为“正如……那
样，……也一样”；有时so分句中可用倒装语序。
Just as the Americans like baseball，so the British like soccer.
就像美国人喜欢棒球一样，英国人喜欢足球。
七、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that，in order that，for fear
that，in case等。
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father
should see him.
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
八、结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that，so...that...，
such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...，such...that...引
导的句子中that可以省略。
I was caught in a shower，so that all my clothes got wet.
It was so dark that he couldn’t see the faces of his companions.
He is such a marvelous joker that you can’t help laughing.
过关落实
1.________ he had not hurt his leg，John would have won the race.
A.If B.Since C.Though D.When
解析：if引导条件状语从句。
答案：A
2.I’d like to study law at university ________ my cousin prefers
geography.
A.though B.as C.while D.for
解析：连词while表示转折，意思是“而，可是”。
答案：C
3.He was told that it would be at least three more months ________
he could recover and return to work.
A.when B.before C.since D.that
解析：“It is/was/will be＋一段时间＋before”译为“多长时
间之后才……”。
答案：B
4.________ I really don’t like art，I find his work impressive.
A.As B.Since C.If D.While
解析：while引导让步状语从句，译为“尽管”；as虽可引导让步
状语从句，但从句须倒装。
答案：D
5.You will be successful in the interview ________ you have
confidence.
A.before B.once C.until D.though
解析：once引导条件状语从句，译为“一旦”。
答案：B
6.Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，________ they
knew it to be valuable.
A.as if B.now that
C.even though D.so that
解析：“even though”means“even if”，引导让步状语从句。
答案：C
7.My parents live in a small village.They always keep candles in the
house ________ there is a power cut.
A.if B.unless C.in case D.so that
解析：in case “以防，万一”引导条件状语从句。
答案：C
8.“You can’t have this football back ______ you promise not to
kick it at my cat again，” the old man said firmly.
A.because B.since C.when D.until
解析：not...until意为“直到……才……”。
答案：D
9.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at
Canada，________ this was a memory she especially treasured.
A.as B.if C.when D.where
解析：as 此处引导状语从句，表原因。
答案：A
10.If you are traveling ________ the customs are really foreign to
your own，please do as the Romans do.
A.in which B.what C.when D.where
解析：where引导地点状语从句。
答案：D
11.It’s known to all that ________ you take exercise regularly，will
you keep good health.
A.unless B.only when C.although D.if only
解析：注意倒装结构。
答案：B
12.He asked me just to sit down and drink some water ________ I
could say anything about my travel plan.
A.while B.when C.if D.before
解析：本句中before可译为“还没来得及……”。
答案：D
13.I had just finished doing my examination papers ________ the
bell rang.
A.when B.while C.before D.after
解析：had just done...when表示“刚做完……就……”。
答案：A
14.________ I admit his good points，I still feel it unwise to offer
him this important position.
A.While B.Unless C.When D.As
解析：while在本句中表示“尽管，虽然”。
答案：A
15.We shouldn’t ignore what happens ________ it is difficult for us
to accept some stories.
A.even if B.as if
C.on condition that D.seeing that
解析：even if即使；as if好像；on condition that在……
条件下。
答案：A