2020_2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第一部分话题19历史与社会；故事与诗歌学案含解析

话题19　历史与社会；故事与诗歌
历史与社会
[话题基础梳理]
Ⅰ.话题相关词汇
历史文化
1．历史　history
2．古代的　ancient
3．英雄　hero
4．战争，战争状态　war
5．传播，蔓延　spread
6．文化　culture
公共场所
1．建筑物，房子　building
2．医院　hospital
3．银行　bank
4．警察局　police station
5．邮政局　post office
6．戏院，剧场　theatre
7．饭馆，饭店　restaurant
8．图书馆　library
9．公园　park
10．书店　bookstore
11．街道　street
房屋
1．房子　house
2．房间　room
3．客厅　living room
4．厨房　kitchen
5．卧室　bedroom
6．浴室，洗手间　bathroom
7．洗手间　toilet/rest room
其他
1．家乡　hometown
2．政府　government
3．记忆　memory
4．成功　success
5．达到，完成　achieve/accomplish
6．想念　miss
7．著名的　famous/well?known
Ⅱ.话题相关短语
过去
1．经过　go through/go by/pass by
2．在过去　in the past
3．两年前　two years ago
4．发生　take place
感观
1．对……负责　be responsible for...
2．反对做某事　be against doing sth.
3．让人惊讶的是　to one's surprise
4．以……为自豪　be proud of.../take pride in...
5．热爱和平　love peace
6．与……不同　be different from...
行为
1．爬山　climb mountains
2．写信给某人　write to sb.
3．处理　deal with/do with
位置
1．在……的对面　across from
2．在……和……之间　between...and...
其他
1．不仅……而且　not only...but also...
2．……的数目　the number of...
3．成百上千　hundreds of
4．总共　in all
Ⅲ.话题常用句型
1．岳飞是古代中国最有名的英雄之一。
Yue Fei is one of the most well?known heroes in ancient China.
2．几百年过去了，人们的生活方式发生巨大的变化。
Hundreds of years have passed，great changes have taken place in people's lifestyles.
3．令我惊讶的是，这两年我的家乡有了很大的变化。
To my surprise，my hometown has changed a lot these two years.
4．中国和美国在文化上有很多不同的地方。
There are many differences in culture between China and America.
5．东莞位于中国的南部。
Dongguan is in the south of China.
6．我住在城市中心。
I live in the center of the city.
7．我想念我的家乡。那里有清澈的河流和高高的山脉。
I miss my hometown where there are clear rivers and high mountains.
故事与诗歌
[话题基础梳理]
Ⅰ.话题相关词汇
文艺作品
1．故事　story
2．诗歌　poetry
3．小说　novel
4．作品　work
5．杂志　magazine
6．文章　article
7．文学　literature
8．知识　knowledge
9．背景　background
10．喜剧　comedy
11．戏剧　drama
12．作家　writer
13．艺术　art
14．艺术家　artist
影响
1．有意义的　meaningful
2．具有教育意义的　educational
3．闻名的　well?known
4．有趣的　interesting
5．无聊的　boring
6．伟大的　great
7．影响　influence
8．愚蠢的　stupid/foolish/silly
其他
1．翻译　translation
2．出版　publication
Ⅱ.话题相关短语
学习
1．讲故事　tell a story
2．阅读杂志　read magazines
3．出版　come out
4．从……学到　learn from...
5．听说　hear of/about
6．写下　write down
影响
1．情不自禁做某事　can't help doing sth.
2．沉浸在……中　be immersed in...
3．爱上　fall in love with...
4．把……当作/认作　consider...to be/as...
5．嘲笑　laugh at
时间
1．一开始　at the beginning
2．直到……才　not...until...
3．后来　later on
4．最终　at last
5．最后以……为结束　end up with...
6．在……以前　long before
7．出生　be born
8．偶然　by accident
9．在某人一生中　in one's life
Ⅲ.话题常用句型
1．马克·吐温是美国历史上最成功的作家之一。
Mark Twain is one of the most successful writers in American history.
2．《汤姆·索亚》是关于一个住在美国的男孩的故事。
Tom Sawyer is about a story of a boy who lives in America.
3．我一读这本书，就爱上了它。
I fell in love with the book as soon as I read it.
4．这个作者想要告诉我们：不要放弃，继续奋斗。
The writer wants to tell us：don't give up and keep fighting.
5．在中国，《西游记》是最受欢迎的名著之一。
Journey to the West is one of the most popular stories in China.
6．我从这本书中学到了很多东西。
I learn a lot from this book.
7．进步的最好方法就是多读好书。
The best way to make progress is reading more good books.
8．中国剪纸艺术很了不起。
Chinese paper cutting is great.
9．这首诗使我伤心。
This poem made me sad.
10．她陶醉在这首优美的歌曲中。
She got lost in the beautiful song.
[话题范文示例]
现在，越来越多关于中国传统文学的活动和节目兴起，逐步唤起人们对中国传统文学的关注，请你就此写一篇短文谈谈你的看法。
内容包括：
1．喜欢中国传统文学吗？
2．你认为中国传统文学有哪些值得欣赏的地方？
3．请你给想学习中国传统文学的同学提出建议。(至少两点)
写作要求：
1．不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。
2．语气连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
【思路点拨】
第一步：审题。
人称________　时态________
第二步：列提纲。
第1段：表明你是否喜欢中国传统文学。
参考句型：As for me，I...
第2段：介绍你认为中国传统文学有哪些值得欣赏的地方。(建议适当使用复合句)
参考句型：
...and it's also...
第3段：给想学习中国传统文学的同学提出建议。
参考句型：
1．If you want to...
2．Firstly...Secondly...Finally...
3．...when you face problems.
第三步：列出主要的短语和句型。
1．中国传统文学　Chinese traditional literature
2．对……感兴趣　be interested in
3．古代人们的生活　ancient people's lives
4．……标志　a symbol of
5．一些有用的建议　some useful advice
6．面对问题　face problems
7．应该做……　be supposed to
8．继续阅读和学习　keep on reading and learning
9．取得进步　make progress
10．关于……的节目　some programs about
第四步：运用and，or，so，because，if，first of all，besides，what's more等连接词将以上要点连成文章，并注意句型多样化。
【小试牛刀】
Recently，more and more activities and programs about Chinese traditional literature have attracted people's attention.___________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Recently，more and more activities and programs about Chinese traditional literature have attracted people's attention.As for me，I'm really interested in Chinese traditional literature.It describes ancient people's lives to us and it's also a symbol of our traditional culture.
If you want to learn more about Chinese traditional literature，here is some useful advice for you.Firstly，turn to the Internet for help when you face problems.Secondly，you are supposed to keep on reading and learning.Finally，you can watch some programs about Chinese traditional literature.You are sure to make progress!
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