牛津译林版英语八年级上Unit 3 A day out知识点讲义A+B(含答案)

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名称 牛津译林版英语八年级上Unit 3 A day out知识点讲义A+B(含答案)
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8A
Unit
3
知识点讲义A(Comic~Reading)
【知识梳理1】---
What
are
you
going
to
do,
Eddie?埃迪,你要去干什么?
---
I'm
going
to
exercise,
Hobo.霍波,我打算去锻炼。
“be
going
to十动词原形”表示“__________________________”,强调______________。
[拓展]“will+动词原形”也表示“______________”,一般可以和“be
going
to+动词原形”通用,但“will+动词原形”强调________________________________________________。
Keys:
“be
going
to十动词原形”表示“计划/打算/将要做某事”,强调事先考虑好或安排好的事情。
[拓展]“will+动词原形”也表示“将要做某事”,一般可以和“be
going
to+动词原形”通用,但“will+动词原形”强调事先未经考虑或安排,不以主观意志为转移的事情。
【例题精讲】
例1.
What
are
you
going
to
do
tomorrow?
例2.
He
will
be
twenty
years
old
next
year.
【巩固练习】
1.
I
visited
the
White
House
yesterday.(用be
going
to

tomorrow
改写)
I
______
_______
________
________the
White
House_________.
答案:am
going
to
visit;tomorrow
解析:注意be动词的选择。
2.
There
_________
a
sports
meeting
in
our
school
this
weekend,
isn’t
there?
A.
will
be
B.
is
C.
will
have
D.
is
going
to
be
答案:D
解析:根据后面的isn’t
there可知谓语有be
动词,这样排除A、C,其次根据this
weekend可知是将来时,故选D。
【知识梳理2】You
need
to
exercise
and
keep
fit.(P30)你需要锻炼并保持健康。
(1)need
vt.
/
n.
___________
_____________需要做某事
_____________需要某人做某事
in
need_____________;
in
need
of
_______________
【例题精讲】
例1.
She
needs
to
clean
the
bedroom.
例2.
She
needs
her
best
friend
to
help
her
with
her
studies.
(2)keep
linking-v.
保持,相当于stay,后加形容词构成系表结构。
[拓展]
类似用法的感官系动词还有:___________,____________,____________,____________,_____________等。
vt.保持;保留
_______________继续做某事
_______________让某人一直做某事
_______________
阻止某人做某事
_______________远离……
_______________不靠近……
【例题精讲】
例1.
She
keeps
working
hard
to
make
more
money.
例2.
I’m
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting
for
me.
例3.
We
should
keep
away
from
danger
all
the
time.
例4.
Please
keep
off
the
grass
in
the
park.
(3)fit
adj.
健康的;合适的
be
fit
for
__________
be
fit
for
sb.
to
do
sth._________________
vt.
fit
sb
________________________
【例题精讲】
例1.
Keeping
fit
is
always
important.
例2.
She
is
fit
for
the
position.
例3.
The
coat
fits
you
well.
Keys:
(1)need
vt.需要
need
to
do
sth.
需要做某事
need
sb.
to
do
sth.
需要某人做某事
n.
需要
in
need
需要;
in
need
of
需要……
(2)keep
linking-v.
保持,相当于stay,后加形容词构成系表结构。
[拓展]
类似用法的感官系动词还有:feel;
look;
smell;
taste;
sound等。
vt.保持;保留
keep
doing
sth.
继续做某事
keep
sb.
doing
sth.
让某人一直做某事
keep
sb
from
doing
sth
阻止某人做某事
keep
away
from
远离……
keep
off…不靠近……
(3)fit
adj.健康的;合适的
be
fit
for适合……
be
fit
for
sb.
to
do
sth.适合某人做某事
vt.
fit
sb
适合某人(大小、尺寸适合)
【巩固练习】
1.
We
________get
up
early
and
we
have
a
lot
of
time.
A.
don’t
need
B.
needn’t
to
C.
need
to
D.
don’t
need
to
答案:D
解析:need有情态动词和实意动词之分,情态动词没有人称和数的变化且后面跟动词原形,否定直接加not,而实意动词否定借助助动词来帮忙,故结合选项可知选D。
2.
The
dress
fits
me
well,
_______
I
don’t
want
to
buy
it
because
it’s
too
expensive.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
or
D.
but
答案:D
解析:根据题意这件裙子很适合我,但是我不想买它。
【知识梳理3】Well,
this
hill
isn’t
as
high
as
a
real
one!
(P30)喔,这个山没有真山高。
real
adj.真正的
(1)adv.
___________
真正地?
(2)与true
的区别:?
true
真实的(指事实是真的,不是假的、错的)。
real
指不是虚构的,是实际存在的。
Keys:
really
【例题精讲】
例.
The
actor
drank
real
wine
on
the
stage.
【巩固练习】
1.
Can
you
tell
me
the
________
(really)
reason
of
being
late
for
class
today?
答案:real
解析:形容词修饰名词故填real。
【知识梳理4】Come
on,
Hobo.
Let’s
enjoy
ourselves!
(P30)快点,霍波。咱们玩得高兴点儿吧!
(1)come
on
常用于口语中,表示动员、催促、激励、劝说别人做某事,意思是“_______;________;_______”等。
【例题精讲】
例1.
Come
on!
The
bus
is
coming.
例2.
Come
on!
Come
on!
You
can
win!
(2)enjoy
oneself
意思是“_______________”,相当于_________________或_______________。它们后面都可以跟_________短语,表示“做某事玩得高兴,做某事过得愉快”。
【例题精讲】
例.
We
often
enjoy
ourselves
swimming
in
the
river
in
summer.
=
We
often
______________________________
in
the
river
in
summer.
=
We
often_______________________________in
the
river
in
summer.
Keys:
(1)come
on意思是“快点;赶快;加油”等。
(2)enjoy
oneself
意思是“玩得高兴,过得愉快”,相当于have
a
good/great/nice
time或have
fun。它们后面都可以跟现在分词短语,表示“做某事玩得高兴,做某事过得愉快”。
如:We
often
enjoy
ourselves
swimming
in
the
river
in
summer.
=
We
often
have
a
good/great/nice
time
swimming
in
the
river
in
summer.
=
We
often
have
fun
swimming
in
the
river
in
summer.
【巩固练习】
1.
Nick
had
a
a
great
time
in
Australia.(改为同义句)
Nick
_________________in
Australia.
答案:had
fun/enjoyed
himself
解析:根据上面解析可得。
2.
________,
or
you
will
miss
the
bus.
A.
Don’t
worry
B.
Come
on
C.
Thank
you
D.
Be
careful
答案:B
解析:快点,否则我们就要错过这趟公交车了,根据题意可知B符合,A别担心,C谢谢,D小心。
【知识梳理5】The
bridge
is
made
of
steel,
isn’t
it?(P31)
be
made
of..._______________________
[拓展1]
be
made
of
与be
made
from的区别
be
made
of可看成是一种含“物理变化”的制作,即保存原质只是形状变化的制作;
be
made
from则可看成是一种包含“化学变化”的制作,即有某种质变的制作。
【例题精讲】
例1.
The
table
is
made
of
wood.
例2.
The
wine
is
made
from
grapes.
[拓展2]
be
made
in表示“__________________”,后跟____________。
be
made
for表示“__________________”,后跟产品供给的对象。
be
made
into表示“_______________________”,主语是表示原材料的词,后面跟产品名称,
与be
made
of/from意思相反。
【例题精讲】
例1.
This
kind
of
computer
is
made
in
Shanghai.
这种电脑是在上海制造的。
例2.
These
bags
are
made
for
children.
这种包是给孩子们制作的。
例3.
Glass
can
be
made
into
bottles.
玻璃可以被做成玻璃瓶。
Keys:
be
made
of...由……制成?
[拓展2]
be
made
in表示“在……(地方)制造/生产”,后跟名词地点。
be
made
for表示“为……而制造/制作/生产”,后跟产品供给的对象。
be
made
into表示“某种原材料制成某种产品”,主语是表示原材料的词,后面跟产品名称,
与be
made
of/from意思相反。
【巩固练习】
1.
---The
blouse
looks
nice.
Is
it
_________cotton?
---Yes,
and
it’s
________Yunnan.
A.
made
of;
made
by
B.
made
of;
made
in
C.
made
for;
made
in
D.
made
for;
made
by
解析:be
made
of
由……制作,be
made
in在哪里制作。
答案:B
【知识梳理6】Yesterday
Kitty’s
teacher
Mr
Wu
invited
me
to
join
their
school
trip
to
the
World
Park.(P32)昨天基蒂的老师吴老师邀请我参加了他们学校去世界公园的旅行。
(1)invite
vt.邀请
名词形式____________
_____________________
邀请某人做某事
_____________________
邀请某人去某处
【例题精讲】
例1.
She
invited
us
to
her
party.
例2.
May
I
invite
you
to
go
to
the
cinema
with
me?
例3.
I
want
to
invite
you
to
my
house.
(2)join参加
辨析:join,
take
part
in与join
in
join指加入某个党派、团体、组织等,并成为其成员之一。
take
part
in指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
join表示积极参加一群人从事的活动;join
sb.
in
(doing)
sth.指“加入某人做某事”。
【例题精讲】
例1.
She
joined
the
Young
Pioneers.
她加入了少先队。
例2.
We’ll
take
part
in
social
practice
during
the
summer
vacation.
我们暑假期间将参加社会实践。
例3.
My
brother
joined
the
army
at
the
age
of
20.
我哥哥在20岁时候参军了。
例4.
I’d
like
to
join
you
in
planting
trees.
我想要加入你们一起植树。
Keys:
(1)invite
vt.邀请
名词形式invitation?
invite
sb.
to
do
sth.邀请某人做某事
invite
sb.
to
sp.邀请某人去某处
(2)join参加
辨析:join,
take
part
in与join
in
①join指加入某个党派、团体、组织等,并成为其成员之一。
②take
part
in指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
③join表示积极参加一群人从事的活动;join
sb.
in
(doing)
sth.指“加入某人做某事”。
【巩固练习】
1.
He
invited
me
________(join)
in
their
school
trip
to
the
World
Park.
答案:to
join
解析:
invite
sb
to
do
sth。
2.
We
will
________the
trip.
Will
you
_______us?
A.
join
in;
join
B.
join;
join
C.
join
in;
join
in
D.
join;
join
in
答案:A
解析:join
in
加入的是活动,旅行等,join
加入党派,俱乐部,群体等等。
【知识梳理7】We
finally
arrived
at
the
park.(P32)最后我们到达了公园。
辨析:reach,
get与arrive三者都可以表示“到达”。?
arrive是不及物动词,后跟地点名词时常与介词____或____连用。表示到达国家、大城市时,要用介词______;到达村、镇、车站、机场等小地方的时候,要用介词______。
get是不及物动词,其后须接介词______,多用于口语中。若接地点副词,则不用介词______。
get和arrive有时可以换用,arrive和get后接地点副词如here,there
或home等时均不需带介词。
reach是及物动词,其后直接跟宾语,一般不接地点副词。
【例题精讲】
例1.
We
can
arrive
at
the
train
station
at
two
o’clock.
我们可以在两点整到达火车站。
例2.
I
fell
in
love
with
the
city
as
soon
as
I
arrived
in
Dalian.
我一到大连就爱上了这座城市。
例3.
Write
to
me
when
you
get
to
Chongqing.
当你到达重庆的时候,写信给我
例4.
They
can
arrive/get
there
tomorrow.
他们明天就能到那儿。
例5.
He
reached
Shanghai
last
month.
他上个月到达上海的。
Keys:
①arrive是不及物动词,后跟地点名词时常与介词in或at连用。表示到达国家、大城市时,要用介词in;到达村、镇、车站、机场等小地方的时候,要用介词at。

get是不及物动词,其后须接介词to,多用于口语中。若接地点副词,则不用介词to。
get和arrive有时可以换用,arrive和get后接地点副词如here,there
或home等时均不需带介词。

reach是及物动词,其后直接跟宾语,一般不接地点副词。
【巩固练习】
1.
Students
in
our
class
usually
________home
at
5:30.
A.
get
to
B.
reach
to
C.
arrive
at
D.
arrive
答案:D
解析:
get
to,
arrive
in/at遇here,
there,
home等副词介词要省略。
【知识梳理8】All
of
us
couldn’t
wait
to
get
off
the
bus.(P32)
我们所有人都迫不及待地要下车。
(1)couldn’t
wait
to
do
sth.______________________________
(2)wait
for
sb/
sth.
________________________
(3)get
off下车,get
on上车,(尤其指公交车、火车、汽车或飞机等)
get
out
of...
从……中出来,从……中下车;get
into
进入……,上……车(尤其指小轿车或出租车)
【例题精讲】
例1.
We
couldn’t
wait
to
see
you.
我们迫不及待要见到你。
例2.
I
wait
for
you
for
a
long
time.
我等了你很长时间。
例3.
Don’t
get
off
before
the
bus
stops.
不要在到公交车站之前下车。
例4.
He
got
into
the
car
after
me.
他在我后面上了轿车。
Keys:
(1)couldn’t
wait
to
do
sth.迫不及待做某事
(2)wait
for
sb/
sth.
等候某人或某物
(3)get
off下车,get
on上车,(尤其指公交车、火车、汽车或飞机等)
get
out
of...
从……中出来,从……中下车;get
into
进入……,上……车(尤其指小轿车或出租车)
【巩固练习】
1.
When
the
bus
stopped,
we
all__________
.
A.
got
off
B.
got
out
C.
got
down
D.
went
off
答案:A
解析:A
下车,B出去,C下来,D离开,爆炸等。
2.
Here
comes
the
bus.
Let’s
__________.
A.
get
on
it
B.
get
it
on
C.
to
get
on
it
D.
to
get
it
on
解析:get
on
上车,不可拆开使用,所以不存在代词放中间的原则。
答案:A
【知识梳理9】Soon
the
whole
world
was
there
in
front
of
us.(P32)不久整个世界就在我们的眼前。
in
front
of...在……前面?
[拓展]in
front
of与in
the
front
of
的区别
in
front
of
指“在……(范围外)的前面”;in
the
front
of指“在……(范围内)的前面”。
【例题精讲】
例1.
There
is
a
tree
in
front
of
the
classroom.
例2.
Many
people
stood
in
front
of
the
building.
很多人站在大楼前面。
例3.
He
sat
in
the
front
of
the
car.
他坐在轿车的前面。
【巩固练习】
1.
Don’t
stand
________the
TV.
I
am
watching
the
football
match
now.
A.
behind
B.
in
front
of
C.
in
the
front
of
D.
next
to
解析:in
front
of
指“在……(范围外)的前面”;in
the
front
of指“在……(范围内)的前面”。
答案:B
【知识梳理10】There
are
models
of
more
than
a
hundred
places
of
interest
from
all
over
the
world.(P32)有来自全世界100多个名胜古迹的模型。
places
of
interest名胜
a
place
of
interest
一处名胜
【例题精讲】
例.
The
Summer
Palace
is
a
place
of
interest.
颐和园是一处名胜。
辨析:interest
,interesting与interested
interest也可以作名词用,指笼统兴趣时,为不可数名词,指具体兴趣爱好时为可数名词。
interested通常指人感兴趣,interesting通常指人或事物“令人感兴趣”。
be
interested
in对……感兴趣,be可换成become。
become
interested
in...表示“对……产生兴趣”,
也可以用grow,
get等词代替become。
【例题精讲】
例1.
She
has
(takes或shows)
much
interest
in
music
and
dance.
例2.
I
found
him
greatly
interested
in
poems.
例3.
She
grows
more
and
more
interested
in
computer.
批注:英语中与上面讲到的用法相近的词还有?
exciting→excited(激动);
amazing→amazed(惊奇);
surprising→surprised(奇怪)
pleasing→pleased(高兴);
amusing→amused(有趣);frightening→frightened(可怕)
【巩固练习】
1.
When
I
watch
the
_______film,
I
often
feel
_________.
A.
bored;
boring
B.
boring;
bored
C.
bored;
bored
D.
boring;
boring
解析:形容人用-ed形式,形容物用-ing形式。
答案:B