中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit4
Earthquakes训练四
基础巩固
一
二
三
四
单词短语回顾
单项选择题题
阅读理解
完形填空
一.重点单词+短语回顾
1．In
the
car
crash
yesterday
only
one
of
the
five
people
（存活）．
2．There
was
a
（爆发）
of
laughter
in
the
next
room．
3．He
was
very
worri
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ed
when
I
told
him
that
his
wife
had
been
seriously
（受伤）．21世纪教育网版权所有
4．This
country
wa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
once
proud
of
its
education
system．
Now
it
seems
to
be
in
（破败不堪）．21教育网
5．Don't
make
any
noise．
Her
mother
（正在体检）
by
a
doctor．
（examine）21cnjy.com
6．The
cause
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
accident
（正在调查中）
so
you
needn't
worry．（look
into）www.21-cn-jy.com
7．The
drivers
are
told
that
the
road
（正在修理中）．
（repair）
8．It
is
reported
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
a
new
airport
in
Kunming
which
（正在建设中）
falls
down．
（build）【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
9．He
noticed
that
he
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
（有人跟踪）
by
a
strange
man
when
he
was
walking
in
the
street．
（follow）21·世纪
教育网
10．Clearly，
the
old
woman
was
in
（极度的）pain．
二.单选题（针对重点语法+单词+短语练习）
1．（2016春?东阳市校级期中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)）Electricity
plays
_____
part
in
our
life
that
it
is
unimaginable
to
live
without
it．www-2-1-cnjy-com
A．such
important
B．so
important
C．such
important
a
D．so
important
a
2．（2016春?东阳市校级期中）Se
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)venty
percent
of
the
students
________
taken
part
in
the
work
and
seventy
percent
of
the21
cnjy
com
work
__________been
finished．
A．has，has
B．had，had
C．has，have
D．have，has
3．（2016春?东阳市校级
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)期中）There
on
the
shore
you
can
see
a
steam﹣powered
ship
covered
with
dirt
_____，waiting
to
be【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
taken
apart．
A．lay
in
ruins
B．lie
in
ruin
C．laid
in
ruins
D．lie
in
ruins
4．（2016?海淀区二模）If
________
in
the
elevator，please
press
the
emergency
button
immediately．【出处：21教育名师】
A．trapped
B．trapping
C．having
trapped
D．to
be
trapped
5．（2015秋?西城区期中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)）Allen
had
to
call
a
taxi
because
the
box
was
________
to
carry
all
the
way
home..21教育名师原创作品
A．much
too
heavy
B．too
much
heavy
C．heavy
too
much
D．too
heavy
much
6．（2015?天津模拟）In
China，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)smokers
have
to
face
the
reality
that
______
people
are
dying
of
lung
cancer．21
cnjy
com
A．a
great
number
of
B．a
great
deal
of
C．a
good
many
of
D．the
number
of
7．（2015?湖南模拟）﹣Shall
I
give
you
a
ride
as
you
live
so
far
away？
﹣Thank
you．
A．It
couldn't
be
better．
B．It's
a
pleasure．
C．If
you
like．
D．Don't
mention
it．
8．（2014秋?资阳期末）Two
______
of
the
earth's
surface
______
water．
A．third；
is
B．thirds；
is
C．third；
are
D．thirds；
are
9．（2014秋?张家界期末）__
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)__is
known
to
everybody，the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month．21·cn·jy·com
A．It
B．As
C．That
D．What
10．（2014秋?扬州期末）The
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)movie
star
was
injured
in
a
car
accident
before
his
performance，______made
everyone
at
present
worried．
A．who
B．that
C．what
D．which
三.阅读理解
Henry
found
work
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
bookstore
after
he
finished
middle
school．He
wouldn't
do
anything
but
wanted
to
get
rich．Mr
King
thought
he
was
too
lazy
and
was
going
to
send
him
away．Henry
was
afraid
and
had
to
work
hard．
It
was
a
cold
morni
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng．It
was
snowing
and
there
was
thin
ice
on
the
streets．Few
people
went
to
buy
the
books
and
the
young
man
had
nothing
to
do．He
hated
to
read，so
he
watched
the
traffic．Suddenly
he
saw
a
bag
fall
off
a
truck
and
it
landed
by
the
other
side
of
the
street．
"It
must
be
full
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
expensive
things，"Henry
said
to
himself．"I
have
to
get
it，or
others
will
take
it
away．"
He
went
out
of
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
shop
and
ran
across
the
street．A
driver
saw
him
and
began
to
whistle（鸣笛），but
he
didn't
hear
it
and
went
on
running．The
man
drove
aside，hit
a
big
tree
and
was
hurt
in
the
accident．Two
weeks
later
Henry
was
taken
to
court（法庭）．A
judge
asked
if
he
heard
the
whistle
when
he
was
running
across
the
street．He
said
that
something
was
wrong
with
his
ears
and
he
could
hear
nothing．
"But
you've
heard
me
this
time．"said
the
judge．
"Oh，I'm
sorry．Now
I
can
hear
with
one
ear．"
"Cover
the
ear
wi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)th
your
hand
and
listen
to
me
with
your
deaf（聋的）one．Well，can
you
hear
me？"
"No，I
can't．sir．"
1．What
was
Mr．King？
A．a
driver
B．a
doctor
C．a
policeman
D．a
shopkeeper
2．Why
did
Mr．King
want
to
send
Henry
away？
A．Because
Henry
was
too
lazy．
B．Because
Henry
hoped
to
be
rich．
C．Because
Henry
finished
middle
school．
D．Because
Henry
sold
few
books．
3．The
driver
was
afraid
to
，so
he
drove
aside．
A．hit
Henry
B．hurt
himself
C．fall
behind
D．lose
the
bag
4．What
does
the
underlined
word"judge"mean
in
Chinese？
A．裁判
B．律师
C．法官
D．原告
5．Why
did
Henry
say
that
he
was
deaf？
A．He
wanted
to
have
a
joke
with
the
judge．
B．He
wanted
to
get
the
judge's
help
C．He
wanted
to
find
another
piece
of
work
D．He
didn't
want
to
pay
for
the
accident．
四.完形填空
Some
of
the
advantage
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
of
bilingualism
include
better
performance
at
tasks
involving
brain's
ability
to
plan
and
prioritize,
better
defense
against
Alzheimer's
(阿尔茨海默氏病)in
old
age
and
the
obvious
the
ability
to
speak
a
second
language.
One
advantage
was
not
mentioned,
though.
Many
multilinguals
report
different?
1
.
or
even
different
worldviews,
when
they
speak
their
different
languages.2·1·c·n·j·y
???
It's
an
ex
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)citing
idea
that
one's
very
self
could
be
2
?by
the
mastery
of
two
or
more
languages
other
than
in
obvious
ways
such
as
3
to
new
friends
and
literature,
A
former
colleague,?
4
,
reported
being
ruder
in
Hebrew
than
in
English.
So
what
is
going
on
here?2-1-c-n-j-y
???
This
5
is
not
necessarily
linked
to
the
vocabulary
or
grammar
of
a
second
language.
Significantly,
most
people
are
not
symmetrically
(对称性地)bilingual.
Many
have
learned
one
language
at
home
from
parents,
and
another
later
in
life,
usually
at
school.
They
usually
have
different
6
in
their
different
languages,
and
they
are
not
always
best
in
their
first
language.
For
example,
when
7
in
a
foreign
language,
people
are
less
likely
to
fall
into
a
cognitive
trap
(answering
a
test
question
with
an
obvious-seeming
but
wrong
answer)
than
in
their
native
language.
In
part
this
is
because
working
in
a
second
language
8
the
thinking.
No
wonder
people
feel
different
when
speaking
them.
And
no
wonder
they
feel
relaxed,
perhaps
more
assertive
or
funnier,
in
the
language
where
they
were
9
from
childhood.【版权所有：21教育】
???
Then,
what
of
tho
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)se
bilinguals
raised
in
two
languages?
Even
for
a
speaker
whose
two
languages
are
10
?in
ability,
there
is
another
big
reason
that
person
will
feel
different
in
the
two
languages.
This
is
because
there
is
an
important
11
between
bilingualism
and
biculturalism.
Of
those
bicultural
bilinguals,
we
should
be
little
12
that
they
feel
different
in
their
two
languages.
Experiments
in
psychology
have
shown
the
power
of
"priming"—small
unnoticed
factors
that
can
affect
behavior
in
big
ways.
Asking
people
to
tell
a
happy
story,
for
example,
will
put
them
in
a
better
mood.
The
choice
between
two
languages
is
a
huge
prime.
Speaking
Spanish
rather
than
English,
for
a
bilingual
and
bicultural
Puerto
Rican（波多黎各人）in
New
York,
might
13
?feelings
of
family
and
home.
Switching
to
English
might
prime
the
same
person
to
think
of
school
and
work.
???
So
there
are
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wo
very
good
reasons,
asymmetrical
ability
and
14
,
that
make
people
feel
different
speaking
their
different
languages.
We
are
still
left
with
a
third
kind
of
15
,
though.
We
often
see
some
languages'
inherent（内在的）properties
overlap
（重叠）with
national
stereotypes:
French,
rigorous;
German,
logical;
English,
playful.
In
this
case,
is
there
any
convincing
line
of
cause
from
grammar
to
personality?
1.
A.
scholars
B.
personalities
C.
evolution
D.
intelligence
2.
A.
maintained
B.
upgraded
C.
examined
D.
broadened
3.
A.
attention
B.
adaption
C.
exposure
D.
attraction
4.
A.
in
turn
B.
for
example
C.
in
another
way
D.
of
course
5.
A.
challenge
B.
influence
C.
mastery
D.
benefit
6.
A.
cause
and
effect
B.
problems
and
solutions
C.
strengths
and
weaknesses
D.
pains
and
gains
7.
A.
spoken
B.
taught
C.
tested
D.
pressed
8.
A.
slow
down
B.
result
in
C.
break
up
D.
cut
up
9.
A.
related
to
B.
brought
up
C.
fixed
on
D.
obsessed
with
10.
A.
familiar
B.
unique
C.
equal
D.
practical
11.
A.
relationship
B.
distinction
C.
limitation
D.
emphasis
12.
A.
embarrassed
B.
accustomed
C.
surprised
D.
exhausted
13.
A.
arouse
B.
oppress
C.
explain
D.
demand
14.
A.biculturalism
B.
priming
C.
location
D.
education
15.
A.
gift
B.
definition
C.
argument
D.
principle
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit4
Earthquakes训练四
基础巩固
一
二
三
四
单词短语回顾
单项选择题题
阅读理解
完形填空
一.重点单词+短语回顾
1．In
the
car
crash
yesterday
only
one
of
the
five
people
（存活）．
2．There
was
a
（爆发）
of
laughter
in
the
next
room．
3．He
was
ver
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
worried
when
I
told
him
that
his
wife
had
been
seriously
（受伤）．21·cn·jy·com
4．This
countr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
was
once
proud
of
its
education
system．
Now
it
seems
to
be
in
（破败不堪）．www.21-cn-jy.com
5．Don't
make
any
noise．
Her
mother
（正在体检）
by
a
doctor．
（examine）2·1·c·n·j·y
6．The
cause
of
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
accident
（正在调查中）
so
you
needn't
worry．（look
into）【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
7．The
drivers
are
told
that
the
road
（正在修理中）．
（repair）
8．It
is
reported
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)that
a
new
airport
in
Kunming
which
（正在建设中）
falls
down．
（build）www-2-1-cnjy-com
9．He
noticed
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
he
（有人跟踪）
by
a
strange
man
when
he
was
walking
in
the
street．
（follow）【出处：21教育名师】
10．Clearly，
the
old
woman
was
in
（极度的）pain．
1．【分析】在昨天的车祸中，五个人中只有一个幸存下来了．
答案：survived．考查翻译填空．根据句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)意及句子结构，要填入动词，根据时间状语yesterday，所以谓语动词用过去式survived．21教育名师原创作品
2．【分析】隔壁房间里爆发出一阵笑声．
答案：burst．考查单词填空．句意：隔壁房间里爆发出一阵笑声．burst是名词"爆发"在句中做主语，所以填：burst．21
cnjy
com
3．【分析】当我告诉他他妻子受了重伤时，他非常担心．
答案：injured．考查单词填空．
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：当我告诉他他妻子受了重伤时，他非常担心．injured是形容词"受伤的"在句中做表语，所以填：injured．
4．【分析】这个国家曾经为自己的教育制度感到骄傲．现在似乎成了一片废墟．
答案：ruins．考查单词填空．
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句意：这个国家曾经为自己的教育制度感到骄傲．现在似乎成了一片废墟．in
ruins
是固定短语"废墟"，所以填：ruins．
5．【分析】别出声．她的母亲正在接受医生的检查．
答案：is
being
exam
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ined；考查翻译填空．Her
mother和examine之间是被动关系，且根据句意是现在进行时．故填is
being
examined．
6．【分析】事故原因正在调查中，所以你不必担心．
答案：is
being
l
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ooked
into．考查翻译填空，look
into：调查，结合句意，事故原因正在调查中，所以你不必担心．故填：is
being
looked
into．
7．【分析】司机被告知道路正在修理．
答案：
is
being
repaired/
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)is
under
repair．考查翻译填空，be
being
done：正在被做，进行时态的被动语态，be
under
repair：正在修理中，结合句意，司机被告知道路正在修理．故填：
is
being
repaired/is
under
repair．
8．【分析】据报道，正在建设中的昆明新机场倒塌．
答案：is
being
built．考查翻译
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)填空，be
being
done：正在被做，进行时态的被动语态，结合句意，据报道，正在建设中的昆明新机场倒塌．故填：is
being
built．
9．【分析】在街上走的时候，他注意到一个陌生人跟在他后面．
答案：was
being
fol
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lowed．考查翻译填空，be
being
done：正在被做，进行时态的被动语态，结合句意，在街上走的时候，他注意到一个陌生人跟在他后面．故填：was
being
followed．
10．【分析】很明显，老太太非常痛苦．
答案：extreme
考查形容词．根据所给的汉语提示"极度的"和空
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)后的名词pain可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，"极度的"的英语是extreme，故填extreme．
二.单选题（针对重点语法+单词+短语练习）
1．（2016春?东阳市校级期中）Elect
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ricity
plays
_____
part
in
our
life
that
it
is
unimaginable
to
live
without
it．
A．such
important
B．so
important
C．such
important
a
D．so
important
a
2．（2016春?东阳市校级期中）Seve
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nty
percent
of
the
students
________
taken
part
in
the
work
and
seventy
percent
of
the
work
__________been
finished．
A．has，has
B．had，had
C．has，have
D．have，has
3．（2016春?东阳市校级期中）Ther
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
on
the
shore
you
can
see
a
steam﹣powered
ship
covered
with
dirt
_____，waiting
to
be
taken
apart．
A．lay
in
ruins
B．lie
in
ruin
C．laid
in
ruins
D．lie
in
ruins
4．（2016?海淀区二模）If
__
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)______
in
the
elevator，please
press
the
emergency
button
immediately．21
cnjy
com
A．trapped
B．trapping
C．having
trapped
D．to
be
trapped
5．（2015秋?西城区期中）Al
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)len
had
to
call
a
taxi
because
the
box
was
________
to
carry
all
the
way
home..
A．much
too
heavy
B．too
much
heavy
C．heavy
too
much
D．too
heavy
much
6．（2015?天津模拟）In
Chi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)na，smokers
have
to
face
the
reality
that
______
people
are
dying
of
lung
cancer．21·世纪
教育网
A．a
great
number
of
B．a
great
deal
of
C．a
good
many
of
D．the
number
of
7．（2015?湖南模拟）﹣Shall
I
give
you
a
ride
as
you
live
so
far
away？
﹣Thank
you．
A．It
couldn't
be
better．
B．It's
a
pleasure．
C．If
you
like．
D．Don't
mention
it．
8．（2014秋?资阳期末）Two
______
of
the
earth's
surface
______
water．
A．third；
is
B．thirds；
is
C．third；
are
D．thirds；
are
9．（2014秋?张家界期末
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)）____is
known
to
everybody，the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month．2-1-c-n-j-y
A．It
B．As
C．That
D．What
10．（2014秋?扬州期末）The
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
movie
star
was
injured
in
a
car
accident
before
his
performance，______made
everyone
at
present
worried．【版权所有：21教育】
A．who
B．that
C．what
D．which
1．【句意】电在我们生活中起着如此重要的作用以致没有它生活难以想象．
答案：D
考查结果状语从句．
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)根据句型such+a（an）+adj．+单数可数名词+that从句和句型so+形容词+a（n）+单数名词+that从句椥，D项正确．
2．【句意】70%的学生已经参加到这个工作里，70%的工作已经被做完了．
答案：D
根据句意可知，Sevent
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
percent
of
the
students
做主语，谓语需要用复数形式；seventy
percent
of
the
work
做主语谓语须用单数；当分数、百分数做主语谓语取决于of后名词．结合句意叙述一种现在情况，故答案为D．
故选：D．
3．【句意】在岸上你可以看到一艘布满了泥土的蒸汽动力船变成废墟，等待着被拆卸．
答案：D．lie
in
rui
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ns
变成废墟，是个动作，to
be
taken
apart也是个动作，通读整个句子，发现两个动作是并列的关系，lie
in
ruins成为废墟，符合语境，故选D．21cnjy.com
4．【句意】句意：如果被困在电梯里，请立刻按紧急按钮．
答案A．根据句意，应该是"
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)被困在"电梯里，故用过去分词表示被动．"Ving"表示主动或正在进行；"having
done"表示从句的动作发生在主句之前；"to
be
done"表示将来或者目的．故选A．
5．【句意】艾伦不得不叫一辆出租车，因为箱子太重了，一路上都搬不动．
该题的原因状语从句中考查两个要点，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一个是"too…to"句型，另一个是much
too的用法．"too…to"的含义是"太……以致不能……"；much
too意为"太，非常"，用作副词词组可以修饰形容词、副词，在该句中修饰形容词．too
much相当于形容词，意为"more
than
enough"，用在不可数名词前面作定语或在系动词后面作表语．
故选：A．
6．【句意】在中国，吸烟者不得不面对很多人死于肺癌这一现实．
答案：A
解析：A：大量；很多（后接可数名词复数）
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)；B：很多；大量（后接不可数名词）；C：…的很多；D：…的数量．首先根据句意"很多人死于肺癌"可以把D选项直接排除；people是可数名词，故B选项排除；C选项意为"…的很多"，代入原句则句意为"人们中的很多死于肺癌"，与句意"很多人死于肺癌"不符，排除．综上，只有A选项"很多；大量的"符合用法与句意，因此本题答案为A选项．
7．【句意】﹣你住的这么远，我送你一程吧？
﹣那太好不过了．
答案是A．考查语言交际．A
那太好不过了；B
我很荣幸；C
如果你喜欢；D
别客气．句意是：﹣你住的这么远，我送你一程吧？﹣那太好不过了．
故选：A．
8．【句意】地球表面三分之二被水覆盖．
答案：B
由基数词和序数词构成
分数，分
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子超过"1"时，分母用复数．本题中的主语是surface，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数．所以本题选择B．
9．【句意】众所周知，月亮每月绕地球旋转一周．
答案是B．考查定语从句，本题考查a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代主句the
moon
travels
round
the
earth
once
every
month的句意内容，as在定语从句中做主语置于句首，故答案选B．
10．【句意】这位电影明星在表演前在车祸事故中受了伤，这件事令在场的每个人都很着急．
答案选D．考查定语从句，本题考查非
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)限制性定语从句，关系代词which在从句中做主语，指代主句The
movie
star
was
injured
in
a
car
accident
before
his
performance整个句子的意思，翻译成"这件事"，所以答案选D．
三.阅读理解
Henry
found
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)work
in
a
bookstore
after
he
finished
middle
school．He
wouldn't
do
anything
but
wanted
to
get
rich．Mr
King
thought
he
was
too
lazy
and
was
going
to
send
him
away．Henry
was
afraid
and
had
to
work
hard．
It
was
a
cold
morni
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng．It
was
snowing
and
there
was
thin
ice
on
the
streets．Few
people
went
to
buy
the
books
and
the
young
man
had
nothing
to
do．He
hated
to
read，so
he
watched
the
traffic．Suddenly
he
saw
a
bag
fall
off
a
truck
and
it
landed
by
the
other
side
of
the
street．
"It
must
be
full
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
expensive
things，"Henry
said
to
himself．"I
have
to
get
it，or
others
will
take
it
away．"
He
went
out
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
the
shop
and
ran
across
the
street．A
driver
saw
him
and
began
to
whistle（鸣笛），but
he
didn't
hear
it
and
went
on
running．The
man
drove
aside，hit
a
big
tree
and
was
hurt
in
the
accident．Two
weeks
later
Henry
was
taken
to
court（法庭）．A
judge
asked
if
he
heard
the
whistle
when
he
was
running
across
the
street．He
said
that
something
was
wrong
with
his
ears
and
he
could
hear
nothing．
"But
you've
heard
me
this
time．"said
the
judge．
"Oh，I'm
sorry．Now
I
can
hear
with
one
ear．"
"Cover
the
ear
wi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)th
your
hand
and
listen
to
me
with
your
deaf（聋的）one．Well，can
you
hear
me？"
"No，I
can't．sir．"
1．What
was
Mr．King？
A．a
driver
B．a
doctor
C．a
policeman
D．a
shopkeeper
2．Why
did
Mr．King
want
to
send
Henry
away？
A．Because
Henry
was
too
lazy．
B．Because
Henry
hoped
to
be
rich．
C．Because
Henry
finished
middle
school．
D．Because
Henry
sold
few
books．
3．The
driver
was
afraid
to
，so
he
drove
aside．
A．hit
Henry
B．hurt
himself
C．fall
behind
D．lose
the
bag
4．What
does
the
underlined
word"judge"mean
in
Chinese？
A．裁判
B．律师
C．法官
D．原告
5．Why
did
Henry
say
that
he
was
deaf？
A．He
wanted
to
have
a
joke
with
the
judge．
B．He
wanted
to
get
the
judge's
help
C．He
wanted
to
find
another
piece
of
work
D．He
didn't
want
to
pay
for
the
accident．
【大意】本文讲述了懒惰又贪财的Henry不
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)惜违反交通规则去捡从卡车上掉下来的一个袋子，从而导致司机出车祸，Henry被告上法庭，在法庭上，Henry为逃避事故责任故意说他的耳朵是聋的，但最终被法官施计识破的故事．
【解析】1．D．细节理解题，根据文中
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)语句"Henry
found
a
job
in
a
bookstore
after
he
finished
middle
school．"理解可知，王先生是个店主．故选D．
2．A．细节理解题．从文章第一段Mr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)．King
thought
he
was
too
lazy
and
was
going
to
send
him
away可得知，这是因为因为亨利太懒惰了．故选A．
3．A．细节理解题，根据
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)文中第四段语句…A
driver
saw
him
and
began
to
whistle
（鸣笛）可以得知，司机害怕碰到亨利，所以他在一边开车．故选答案B
4．C．词义猜测题．根据上下文内容可知，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)"But
you've
heard
me
this
time．"said
the
judge．中judge意为法官．故选C．【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
5．D．推理判断题，根据文中第四段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)…hit
a
big
tree
and
was
hurt
in
the
accident．Two
weeks
later
Henry
was
taken
to
court
（法庭）可知由于Henry的违规使司机出车祸了，Henry被告上法庭，由此可以推断说他的耳朵聋是想逃避事故责任．故选D
【总结】考察学生的细节理解
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
四.完形填空
Some
of
the
ad
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)vantages
of
bilingualism
include
better
performance
at
tasks
involving
brain's
ability
to
plan
and
prioritize,
better
defense
against
Alzheimer's
(阿尔茨海默氏病)in
old
age
and
the
obvious
the
ability
to
speak
a
second
language.
One
advantage
was
not
mentioned,
though.
Many
multilinguals
report
different?
1
.
or
even
different
worldviews,
when
they
speak
their
different
languages.
???
It's
an
excitin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)g
idea
that
one's
very
self
could
be
2
?by
the
mastery
of
two
or
more
languages
other
than
in
obvious
ways
such
as
3
to
new
friends
and
literature,
A
former
colleague,?
4
,
reported
being
ruder
in
Hebrew
than
in
English.
So
what
is
going
on
here?
???
This
5
is
not
necessarily
linked
to
the
vocabulary
or
grammar
of
a
second
language.
Significantly,
most
people
are
not
symmetrically
(对称性地)bilingual.
Many
have
learned
one
language
at
home
from
parents,
and
another
later
in
life,
usually
at
school.
They
usually
have
different
6
in
their
different
languages,
and
they
are
not
always
best
in
their
first
language.
For
example,
when
7
in
a
foreign
language,
people
are
less
likely
to
fall
into
a
cognitive
trap
(answering
a
test
question
with
an
obvious-seeming
but
wrong
answer)
than
in
their
native
language.
In
part
this
is
because
working
in
a
second
language
8
the
thinking.
No
wonder
people
feel
different
when
speaking
them.
And
no
wonder
they
feel
relaxed,
perhaps
more
assertive
or
funnier,
in
the
language
where
they
were
9
from
childhood.
???
Then,
what
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
those
bilinguals
raised
in
two
languages?
Even
for
a
speaker
whose
two
languages
are
10
?in
ability,
there
is
another
big
reason
that
person
will
feel
different
in
the
two
languages.
This
is
because
there
is
an
important
11
between
bilingualism
and
biculturalism.
Of
those
bicultural
bilinguals,
we
should
be
little
12
that
they
feel
different
in
their
two
languages.
Experiments
in
psychology
have
shown
the
power
of
"priming"—small
unnoticed
factors
that
can
affect
behavior
in
big
ways.
Asking
people
to
tell
a
happy
story,
for
example,
will
put
them
in
a
better
mood.
The
choice
between
two
languages
is
a
huge
prime.
Speaking
Spanish
rather
than
English,
for
a
bilingual
and
bicultural
Puerto
Rican（波多黎各人）in
New
York,
might
13
?feelings
of
family
and
home.
Switching
to
English
might
prime
the
same
person
to
think
of
school
and
work.
???
So
there
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)are
two
very
good
reasons,
asymmetrical
ability
and
14
,
that
make
people
feel
different
speaking
their
different
languages.
We
are
still
left
with
a
third
kind
of
15
,
though.
We
often
see
some
languages'
inherent（内在的）properties
overlap
（重叠）with
national
stereotypes:
French,
rigorous;
German,
logical;
English,
playful.
In
this
case,
is
there
any
convincing
line
of
cause
from
grammar
to
personality?21世纪教育网版权所有
1.
A.
scholars
B.
personalities
C.
evolution
D.
intelligence
2.
A.
maintained
B.
upgraded
C.
examined
D.
broadened
3.
A.
attention
B.
adaption
C.
exposure
D.
attraction
4.
A.
in
turn
B.
for
example
C.
in
another
way
D.
of
course
5.
A.
challenge
B.
influence
C.
mastery
D.
benefit
6.
A.
cause
and
effect
B.
problems
and
solutions
C.
strengths
and
weaknesses
D.
pains
and
gains
7.
A.
spoken
B.
taught
C.
tested
D.
pressed
8.
A.
slow
down
B.
result
in
C.
break
up
D.
cut
up
9.
A.
related
to
B.
brought
up
C.
fixed
on
D.
obsessed
with
10.
A.
familiar
B.
unique
C.
equal
D.
practical
11.
A.
relationship
B.
distinction
C.
limitation
D.
emphasis
12.
A.
embarrassed
B.
accustomed
C.
surprised
D.
exhausted
13.
A.
arouse
B.
oppress
C.
explain
D.
demand
14.
A.
biculturalism
B.
priming
C.
location
D.
education
15.
A.
gift
B.
definition
C.
argument
D.
principle
【答案】
（1）B；（2）D；（3）C
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)；（4）B；（5）B；（6）C；（7）C；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）B；（12）C；（13）A；（14）A；（15）C；
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)介绍了双语的优缺点及其对双语学习者不同影响。
（1）考查名词。句意：许多会说多种语言的人有不同的性格，甚至世界观。A.
scholars“学者”；B.
personalities“品格，个性”；C.
evolution“演变”；D.
intelligence“智慧”。根据下文的"or
even
different
worldviews,"可知，会说多种语言的人有不同的性格和世界观，故选B。
（2）考查动词。句意：一个人的自我认知可能是通过掌握两种或两种以上语言，而不是以明显的方式，如接触到新朋友和文学的方式得以拓展。A.
maintained“维持”；B.
upgraded“升级”；C.
examined“检查”；D.
broadened“扩大，拓宽”。根据常识可知，掌握多种语言可以拓宽一个人的自我认知（眼界），故选D。
（3）考查名词。A.
attention“注意力”；B.
adaption“适应”；C.
exposure“接触”；D.
attraction“吸引力”。根据下文的"to
new
friends
and
literature"可知此处指接触朋友和文学，故选C。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：例如，一个以前的同事说，希伯来语比英语更粗鲁。那么这是怎么回事？A.
in
turn“轮流”；B.
for
example“例如”；C.
in
another
way?
“?
另一方面”；D.
of
course“当然”。句意为一个以前同事说，希伯来语比英语更粗鲁，这是作者举的一个例子，故选B。
（5）考查名词。句意：这个影响不一定与第二语言的词汇或语法有关。A.
challenge“挑战”；B.
influence“影响”；C.
mastery“精通”；D.
benefit“好处”。根据下文"In
part
this
is
because
working
in
a
second
language?
?
?8?
???the
thinking"及上文说到那么这是怎么回事？可判断此处指影响，故选B。
（6）考查名词短语。句意：他们在不同的语言中通常有不同的优点和缺点，在他们的母语中并不总是最好的。A.
cause
and
effect“原因和结果”；B.
problems
and
solutions“问题和解决办法”；C.
strengths
and
weaknesses“长处和短处”；D.
pains
and
gains“付出与收获”。根据下文的"and
they
are
not
always
best
in
their
first
language."可知，语言学习对人的影响有优缺点，故选C。
（7）考查动词。句意：例如，当用外语测试时，人们陷入认知陷阱(用看似明显但错误的答案回答测试问题)的可能性比用母语测试要小。A.
spoken“说”；???
B.
taught“教”；C.
tested“测试”；D.
pressed“压”。根据下文研究测试可知
此处指外语测试，故选C。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：在某种程度上，这是因为用第二语言使思维变慢。A.
slow
down“减速”；B.
result
in“导致”；C.
break
up“打碎”；D.
cut
up“切碎”。根据上文中的"when____7____in
a
foreign
language,
people
are
less
likely
to
fall
into
a
cognitive
trap"可知，在外语中，人们比母语更不可能陷入认知陷阱是因为第二语言的环境会减缓人的思维，且与下文no
wonder相呼应，故选A。
（9）考查动词短语。句意：难怪在他们从小长大的语言环境中，他们会感到放松，也许会更自信或更有趣。A.
related
to“与……有关”；B.
brought
up“教育，长大”；C.
fixed
on“固定”；D.
obsessed
with“痴迷于”。根据下文的"from
childhood."可知，此处指在他们从小长大的语言环境中，故选B。
（10）考查形容词。句意：即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会因为另一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同。A.
familiar“熟悉的”；B.
unique“独一无二的”；C.
equal“相等的”；D.
practical“实际的”。根据下文的"in
ability,
there
is
another
big
reason
that
person
will
feel
different
in
the
two
languages."可知，即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会因为另一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同，故选C。
（11）考查名词。句意：这是因为双语和二元文化之间有一个重要的区别。A.
relationship“关系”；B.
distinction“区别”；C.
limitation“限制”；D.
emphasis“重点”。即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人也会觉得两种语言不同是因为双语和二元文化之间有区别，故选B。
（12）考查形容词。句意：在那些接受两种文化双语者中，我们应该毫不奇怪他们在两种语言中的感受不同。A.
embarrassed“尴尬的”；B.
accustomed“习惯的”；C.
surprised“惊讶的”；D.
exhausted“精疲力尽的”。根据下文的"that
they
feel
different
in
their
two
languages."可知，接受两种文化的双语者对两种语言的感受不同，这一点并不让我们感到惊讶，故选C。
（13）考查动词。句意：说西班牙语,而不是英语,双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约可能会唤起家的感觉。A.
arouse“引起，唤起”；B.
oppress“压抑”；C.
explain“解释”；D.
demand“要求”。根据下文的"Switching
to
English
might
prime
the
same
person
to
think
of
school
and
work."可知，换用英语可能会让同一个人想起学校和工作，因此双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约可能会唤起家的感觉，故选A。
（14）考查名词。句意：所以有两个很好的原因，不对称的能力和二元文化，让人们觉得说不同的语言是不同的。A.
biculturalism“二元文化”；B.
priming“底料”；C.
location“位置”；D.
education“教育”。根据上文介绍的二元文化对双语学习者的影响可知，二元文化让人们觉得说不同的语言是不一样的，故选A。
（15）考查名词。句意：不过，我们还有第三种论证。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与民族定型观念重叠。A.
gift“天赋”；B.
definition“定义”；C.
argument“争论，论证”；D.
principle“原则”。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与民族定型观念重叠，这是除了上文所说的不对称的能力和二元文化之外对双语学习者产生影响的第三种论证，故选C。
【总结】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21教育网
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