Unit 1 School life定语从句

定语从句(Attributive Clause)
Ⅰ 根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语
前置定语 后置定语
my book a holiday of seven days
a seven-day holiday something important
a good holiday a country developing fast
a toy factory a book written by Lu Xun
a developing country a book to be published
a developed country a book which was written by J.K. Rowling
Ⅱ 定语从句的定义及其作用：
定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作a blonde girl ，a girl with blonde hair或a girl who has blonde hair。定语从句通常由关系代词that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as或关系副词when/ where/ why引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词, 又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。
找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素
You are the right man whom we are looking for.
I’ve spent all the money that was given by my parents.
I will never forget the day 　when I joined the party.
This is the factory where the machines are made.
Ⅳ 关系代词的用法：
关系代词 例 句
that在从句中作主语或宾语 指 物 1）A plane is a machine that can fly.（作主语） 2）The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.（作宾语）
指 人 1）Who is the man that is reading the book over there （作主语） 2）The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister.（作宾语）
which在从句中作主语或宾语 指 物 1）They planted the trees which didn’t need much water.（作主语） 2）The fish (which) we bought were not fresh.（作宾语）
who，whom在从句中分别作主语或宾语 指人 1）The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada.（主语） 2）The boy who broke the window is called Tom.（作主语） 3）The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.（作宾语） 4）Mrs. Read is the person to whom you should write.（作宾语）
whose（所有格）在定语从句中作定语 指人 what is the name of the boy whose father is a railway worker
物 Please show me the book whose cover is black.
Ⅴ 课堂练习
1 找出下列各句中的定语从句，并分析其先行词：
1 The fan that you want is on the desk.
2 The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher.
3 Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.
4 That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.
5 This is the boy whose sister is a famous singer.
2 把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句
1. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
2. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
3. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t study hard.
4. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
5. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
6. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
Ⅰ 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分
◆ 使用that的情况：
1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。
e.g. Do you have anything that is important to tell me
2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。
e.g. I have some books that are very good.
3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。
e.g. This is the first book that I bought myself.
The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.
4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时
e.g. Which is the bike that you lost
Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting.
5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.
e.g. China is no longer the country that she was.
6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that .
e.g. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
7.在there be句型中,只用that.
e.g. He asked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject.
8.当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。
e.g. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.
9.当先行词又有人又有物时。
e.g. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.
◆ 只能使用which的情况。
1、非限制性定语从句中。
e.g. Mary has a book, which is very precious.
2、在介词之后。
e.g. This is a house in which lives an old man.
3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。
e.g. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.
Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.
1. This is the only book _ ___ I got last year.
2. Is this the book in _ __ you are interested
3. This is the largest animal _ _ Tom saw in the zoo.
4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ __ exist (存在)in the mother school.
5. All the desks _ ___ are bought look really wonderful.
6. Do you have any money _ __is used to build the factory
7. Tom has a toy, ______was given by his father.
8. This is the second watch __ __ my father bought for me.
Who 特殊情况
先行词是all, everyone, one, ones, anyone且做主语时用who.
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
Everybody who were willing to see the film signed their names here.
先行词是those时， 用who.
Those who want to see the film sign up here.
◆ Correct mistakes for the following sentences.
1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.
2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.
3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant
4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.
5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football.
6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now
7. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.
8. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.
Ⅲ 定语从句的省略
1.that做定从中主语，不可省。
There is a girl that(who) has green hair..
2 that做定从中宾语，可省，也可不省。
There is a book (that) you have not read.
3 有that be/which be引导的定从，能省就省。
There is a book (that was) borrowed by Mary yesterday.
Attributive clauses
Try to find the attributive clauses in the following sentences:
Tachers are professionals who/ that work in schools, colleges and universityies.
A secretary is a person whom/ who/ that a visitor first meets before seeing the boss.
Surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that/ which no longer work properly.
They may want to get the same kind of clothes these fashiion models wear.
A chef is the person whose job is to plan the meals, buy the food, and cook the meals in a restaurant.
(A)the relative pronouns in the above sentences ________________________________
(B) the antecedents in the above sentences ______________________________________
(C) Choose the best answer.
1. An attributive clause modifies (修饰) _____. A. a noun or a pronoun B. a verb
2. Which relative pronouns refer to a thing And which to a person Match each relative pronoun with A or B.
(B)
who
whom A. a thing
that
which B. a person
whose
3. A relative pronoun often comes ________ of a clause. A. at the beginning B. at the end
4. We usually put an attributive clause ______ the modified noun or pronoun.
Conclusion
1. 定语从句修饰 ______________________
定语从句通常紧跟________________________
3. 当关系代词在句中作________________, 关系代词可以省略，如 第___________句
4． 定语从句的关系代词如下：
主格 宾格 所有格
指代人 __________________ ________________ _____________________
指代物 __________________ ________________ _____________________
Practice
I. Fill in the blanks with who, whom or whose
This is the man ____________ teaches us chemistry.
Is this the woman _______________ you want to see
Those are the parents _______ children are studying at Beijing University.
Do you know the man _____________ son is in the UK
This is the student ______________ we should all learn form.
I don’t think Miss Zhang was the teacher ____________ has given you the good advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Those ______________ are in favour of the plan please raise your hands
the classroom ___________ windows face south is ours.
The old man __________ we visited last week has come to see you.
The teachers _____ the students are talking with over there come from Australian.
The children __________ school work hasn’t done yet should finish it after class.
Do you know the man ____________ bicycle was stolen last night
They are the workers _____________ are good at building bridge.
The doctor _____________ you are waiting for has come.
Is she the chef ________________ you want to see
A colleague is a man or a woman _____________ you work with.
A fireman is a soldier _______________ fights with fires.
A secretary is a person _____________ is paid for doing office work.
Can you introduce me to the girl _____________ voice is so beautiful
That’s the manager _____________ car is a white Passat.
II. Fill in the blanks with which (that), who, whom, or whose
This is the watch ______________ my father bought in Switzerland.
The bicycle _______________ colour is very unusual belongs to Mr Wang.
The lady _______________ has found her lost bag is my next door neighbour.
Listening to pop music is a hobby ______________ interests a lot of young people.
Computer is a subject ______________ every student should learn.
How can we finish a task _____________ is impossible for us to do
Are these books _____________ you need right now
Come to see the boy ________________ can speak five languages.
The book ______________ cover is broken is worth a lot of money.
The kids ________________ Grandma Li is taking care of are very naughty.
III. Put the two sentences into one, using a relative clause.
I don’t know the teacher. The teacher is singing an English song.
________________________________________________________________
Have you been to France France is famous for wine and perfume.
________________________________________________________________
What do you think of the lecture The lecture was held last Wednesday.
_________________________________________________________________
The German student can speak six languages. The German student came to our class yesterday. ________________________________________________________________
A typewriter is a machine. The machine can help people to type.
__________________________________________________________________
6. Is this the woman—scientist You want to see her (woman—scientist ).
__________________________________________________________________
7. The book is very useful. The book’s cover is designed by Mr. Zhu.
__________________________________________________________________
8. Do you know the woman in light blue Her job is taking care of my kid.
__________________________________________________________________
9. The news was not true. She told me the news the day before yesterday.
__________________________________________________________________
10. The cell phone cost Miss Whalen only $1. Miss Whalen is using the cell phone.
__________________________________________________________________
专项练习
A）用适当的关系代词填空。
1．I want to see and thank the woman _____ son helped me a lot．
2．The passengers and the suitcases_____ were still waiting had to be transferred to another place．
3．The girl _____ I met yesterday is a well-known dancer．
4．Our children like the story _____ is now being told on the radio．
5．I will never forget the days _____ we spent together．
6．Nobody wants the house _____ roof has fallen in．
7．She is the only one among us _____ knows French．
8．A doctor is a person _____ looks after people's health．
9．The policeman with _____ Mr. Henry is talking with in the office is a friend of mine．
10．The house，the windows of _____ were damaged has now been repaired．
B）从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
–Have you read the books
—Yes. I’ve read all the books ____ you gave me.
A. which B. what C. that D. who
2. September 18,1913 is the day ______we’ll never forget.
　A. that 　B. when 　C. on which 　D. on that
3. That young girl is not the one ____ she used to be.
A. that B. who C. whom D. what
4. Is this factory ______we visited last year
　A. where 　B. in which 　C. the one 　D. at which
5. This is the factory _______we visited last year.
　A. where 　B. which 　C. the one 　D. at which
6. The hard-working farmers and their happy life_____ we saw in the countryside made a wonderful impression on us.
A. whom B. who C. which D. /
7. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been
8. We visited the factory ____ makes toys for children.
A. where B. which C. in which D. at which
9. This is best factory _____I have visited all my life.
　A. where 　B. which 　C. when 　D. that
10. Have you found the woman ______purse was lost
　A. her 　B. of which 　C. that 　D. whose
11. Where is the window ______glass is broken
　A. Which 　B. that 　C. whose 　D. its
12. The house _____ we once lived in is being repaired by the workers.
A. which B. where C. who D. whom
13. Who is the comrade _____was there
　A. whom 　B. that 　C. which 　D. of which
14. The comrade _______is speaking at the meeting is an advanced
worker.
　A. whom 　B. which 　C. who 　D. whose
15. He talked about the teachers and schools _______he had visited.
　A. which 　B. who 　C. that 　D. what
16. He is the only man _______I can find for the work.
　A. who’s 　B. whose 　C. that 　D. which
17. I don’t like the way______ he looks at me.
A. in that B. which C. of which D. /
18. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _______in China.
　A. works 　B. is working 　C. are working 　D. has been working
19. .Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _______in China.
　A. work 　B. is working 　C. are working 　D. have been working
20. Who_______has seen the TV film doesn’t admire it
　A. that 　B. who 　C. which 　D. as
21. Those_____want to see the film please put down your names here.
　A. which 　B. that 　C. whose 　D. who
22. We came to a place _____ they had never paid a visit to before.
A. which B. who C. where D. to where
23. He ______does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
　A. what 　B. who 　C. which 　D. as
24. That is one of those books that _____ worth reading.
A. is B. have C. has D. are
25. That was the reason______ Mac gave me the other day.
　A. why 　B. for that 　C. which 　D. for which
26. The picture _______has mountains and rivers is the one I like best.
　A. which 　B. whose 　C. what 　D. where
27. Please bring back the dictionary _______I lent to you last week.
　 A. where 　B. what 　C. which 　D. who
28. On the bus I saw a student _____ I thought was your brother.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whoever
29. You must watch carefully everything ____the teacher does in class.
　A. where 　B. that 　C. who 　D. what
30. .He told me all ______he knew.
　A. which 　B. what 　C. that 　D. who
31. This is one of the most exciting football games ___I have ever seen.
　A. that 　B. which 　C. what 　D. whom
32. .The last place _____we visited in the countryside was a farm.
　A. that 　B. which 　C. where 　D. in which
33. He makes good use of the time ______ he can spare.
A. when B. that C. in that D. in which
34. When he came back from abroad, John told his parents about the cities and the people ______he had visited.
A which B that C who D whose
35. The place ______ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
36. Is there any question _______troubles you much
　A. which 　B. where 　C. who 　D. that
37. .Who is the man _______is speaking there
　A. whom 　B. which 　C. that 　D. whose
38. She is the only person _______understands me.
　A. whom 　B. what 　C. whose 　D. that
39. Finally, the thief handed everything __________he had stolen to the police.
A. which B. what C. whatever D. that
40. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ___________family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
41. There is no difficulty ______can’t be overcome in the world.
A that B which C who D whom
42. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
43. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
44. I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
45. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
46. He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
A. who B. whom C. that D. as
47. You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who
48. . The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are
49. This is the first sum of money _______ the children’s family has received.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
50. This is not the only apple ______ has rotten away.
A. which B. that C. / D. what
C）改错
1.The book that I borrowed it from the library is well written.
2.Did you see the young man whom was chosen the League secretary
Can you think of anyone who’s house is on a pile of rocks
This is the girl who practice playing the piano everyday.
Is she the girl who her grandfather was a Red Army man
The worker who repaired our house live next door to Li Hua’s.
The girl studies music plays the violin very well.
This is the one hundredth letter which she has received from that boy.
He is the only one of the students who are good at dancing.
Which books are his which are on the table
D）翻译
1.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。
2.这是我看过的最好的电影。
3.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
4.有什么事我能帮你吗？
5.我永远忘不了我和奶奶一起度过的那段日子。
6.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。
7.你可以拿你感兴趣的任何一本书
8.屋顶是红色的的房子被损坏了
CAACB DBBDD CABCC CDCBA DABDC ACABC AABBA DCDDD AADAD DDCAB
1先行词（名词或代词）
2关系词
3关系词在从句中充当成分
relative pron. (as sub. ,obj. ,pred.)
(that指人或物 / which指物 / who(m) 指人/ whose)
This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling.
relative adv. (as adverbial)
(when / where / why)
Ⅲ 定语从句的必备三要素
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