Unit 8 Natural disasters 单元检测卷(word版，含答案解析）

Unit 8 Natural disasters

一、单项选择（共15小题；共45分）
从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
1. (2019广东深圳宝安区期末)
We are going to "the Window of the World". Which _____ should we take?
A.direction
B.pollution
C.land

2. Although he's now an old man, he's _____ very lively.
A.ever
B.seldom
C.still
D.hardly

3. It's 11:00 at night now, but my brother is _____ studying in his room.
A.still
B.even
C.only
D.quite

4. If you like sports, you can be a _____.
A.pilot
B.coach
C.singer

5. （2019广东深圳实验学校期末）The candle lit up the room in every _____.
A.direction
B.way
C.means

6. Tom Brown and Mary Brown are my grandparents. I am their _____.
A.cousin
B.daughter
C.granddaughter
D.son

7. WeChat has many useful functions (功能). It helps find your exact _____ when you get lost in a busy street.
A.choice
B.direction
C.corner

8. —Where do you work?
—I _____ work at the radio station.
A.never
B.still
C.usually

9. —Did you sleep well last night, Jill?
—No, I had a _____ all night. Can you take me to see the dentist, Mom?
A.toothache
B.stomachache
C.headache

10. It's very late. Tony is _____ working in the office.
A.often
B.always
C.still
D.anyway

从下面各题所给选项中，选择最佳选项。
11. （2019 天津河西区期末，28）Keep _____ when an earthquake happens.
A.excited
B.happy
C.sad
D.calm

12. —Do you like reading?
—Yes, I think it's a good _____ to learn more about the world.
A.day
B.way
C.problem
D.dream

13. —Is Helen _____ in the classroom?
—No. She goes to the library with Mary.
A.early
B.only
C.still
D.just

14. Which of the following word matches the sound /f??/?
A.fill
B.fear
C.fair
D.feel

15. It is so _____ that we can't see clearly.
A.dark
B.darker
C.darken
D.darkness
二、完形填空（共1小题；共36分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
Dickens, one of the greatest English writers, was born in _____16_____ of the small towns in England. When Dickens was ten years old, the family moved to London, the _____17_____of England. There were several young children in the _____18_____. Their life was _____19_____. So Dickens could not go to school. He didn't go to _____20_____ until his father came out of prison. At that time he was already(已经) twelve _____21_____ old. But he did not finish school. Two years _____22_____, he began to work. He often went to the library to _____23_____ books. He read _____24_____. Dickens _____25_____lots of novels and stories all his _____26_____. Dickens died over a hundred years ago, _____27_____ people are still reading his books with great interest.
16. A.any
B.one
C.some
D.a
17. A.city
B.town
C.capital
D.country
18. A.school
B.class
C.city
D.family
19. A.good
B.hard
C.easy
D.wonderful
20. A.school
B.a school
C.the school
D.schools
21. A.years
B.year
C.year's
D.years'
22. A.ago
B.before
C.later
D.since
23. A.see
B.buy
C.sell
D.read
24. A.a lot
B.a lot of
C.lots of
D.a little
25. A.writes
B.write
C.wrote
D.writed
26. A.money
B.home
C.class
D.life
27. A.but
B.so
C.why
D.while
三、阅读理解-阅读n选n（共2小题；共24分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
28.Droughts in California
A terrible drought has created trouble in California, USA. A drought is a long period time with little rain or snow. That means there isn't enough water. Droughts are natural disasters. But unlike earthquakes or hurricanes （飓风）, droughts are not sudden. ______.
The drought in the western United States began four years ago. California has been hit hardest. About 95 percent of the state now has serious drought conditions. About 3,500 people in East Porterville, California, have no running water in their homes. ______. Some people haven't had running water for years. Rivers and lakes have been drying up, too. That's a problem for fish and animals. ______. Farms might lose more than ＄2 billion in 2015. More than 18,000 farm jobs have been lost.
Scientists aren't sure when the problem will end. A rainy fall and winter could help. Experts say it will take 11 trillion gallons （加仑） of water to end the drought. ______. They take the water home for wash dishes, cleaning toilets and more. ______. They've stopped watering lawns （草坪） and washing cars. "We need to make the best use of what we have," explains weather scientist Michael Anderson.
A.Instead, they happen slowly
B.Without water, farms can't grow as much food
C.That's because the drought has caused their wells to dry up
D.All across California, people are saving water any way they can
E.Meanwhile, many people drive to fire stations to fill containers with water

29.Misaki Murakami, 17, lost everything in 2011. When a tsunami (海啸) hit Japan in March of that year, it destroyed his home, and killed about 19,000 people.
Then, last spring, Misaki got a phone call from a woman 3,000 miles away in Alaska. ______. They planned to go to his hometown to send his ball back soon.
The tsunami's huge waves destroyed houses, cars, toys, and much more. ______. Most of them went down to the bottom of the ocean. But about 1 million tons of them didn't. For the past two years, those things have been floating (漂浮) across the ocean. ______. Since then, many things have been washed up. Fishing nets and light bulbs have been found on beaches. A motorcycle reached Canada.
______. It was a gift from his friends before he went to a new school. They had written good-luck messages on it and the name of Misaki's school, which helped the couple in Alaska find him.
"It was a big surprise. I never imagined that my ball had reached Alaska," Misaki told reporters. "I've lost everything in the tsunami. So I'm excited. ______."
A.They dragged (拽) 5 million tons of things out to sea
B.Misaki was glad to get his football back
C.The football was one of the first things to come ashore (在岸上) in North America
D.I really want to say thank you for finding the ball
E.She said that her husband had found his football on a beach
四、书面表达（共1小题；共15分）
书面表达。
30. 请你根据下面提示, 以 “A landslide (山崩)” 为题，写一篇70词左右的短文（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
1. 上周一早上，在连续下了两天大雨之后发生了山崩（landslide）。
2. 我和妈妈在家，爸爸下午回来。雨很大。他叫我和妈妈赶快带伞离开。
3. 就在那时，房子开始摇晃，我们非常害怕，迅速跑开了。
4. 第二天上午回家时，我们发现房子没有了，到处是碎玻璃和砖块，我们感 到很悲伤。
A landslide
Last Monday morning, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
第一部分
1?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是名词的辨析。句意：我们要去“世界之窗”，我们应该朝哪个方向走？direction 方向；pollution 污染；land 陆地，国土。本段话是问路时说的，由此可以判断答案。take a direction 朝一个方向。
因此，正确答案是A。
2?. C
【解析】
此题考查的是副词辨析。句意：虽然他现在是一个老人，但他仍然充满了活力。still 仍然；ever 曾经；seldom 很少地；hardly 几乎不。
因此，正确答案是C。
3?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是副词的辨析。句意：现在是夜间11点，但是我哥哥仍然在他房间里学习。still 仍然；even 甚至；only 仅仅；quite 很，相当。
因此，正确答案是A。
4?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是名词辨析。 句意：如果你喜欢体育，你可以成为一名教练。pilot 飞行员；coach 教练；singer 歌手。
因此，正确答案是B。
5?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是名词的辨析。句意：这根蜡烛照亮了房间里的每一个方向。direction 方向，in…direction 在……方向，in every direction 在每一个方向；way 道路，方法，in every way 通过每一种方法；means 手段，方法，前面多与介词by连用。
因此，正确答案是A。
6?. C
【解析】
此题考查的是名词的辨析。句意：Tom Brown和Mary Brown是我的爷爷奶奶。我是他们的孙女。cousin 堂兄弟；daughter 女儿；granddaughter 孙女；son 儿子。
因此，正确答案是C。
7?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是名词辨析。句意：微信有很多有用的功能。当你在一个繁忙的街道迷路时它可以帮着找到你的确切方向。choice 选择；direction 方向；corner 角落，拐角。
因此，正确答案是B。
8?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是副词辨析。句意：——你在哪里工作？——我还在无线电台工作。never 从不；still 仍然；usually 通常。
因此，正确答案是B。
9?. A
【解析】
此题考察的是名词辨析。句意：——Jill，你昨天晚上睡得好吗？——不好，我牙疼了一整晚。妈妈，您能带我去看牙医吗？toothache 牙疼；stomachache 胃疼；headache 头疼；根据下文dentist可知，此处应是牙疼。
因此，正确答案是A。
10?. C
【解析】
句意：时间很晚了，Tony 仍然在办公室里工作。often 经常；always 总是；still 仍然；anyway 无论如何。
11?. D
【解析】
此题考查的是形容词的辨析。句意：当地震发生的时候要冷静。excited 兴奋的；happy 高兴的；sad 伤心的；calm 冷静的。
因此，正确答案是D。
12?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是名词的辨析。句意：——你喜欢阅读吗？——是的，我觉得它是更多的了解世界的好方法。day 天；way 方法；problem 问题；dream 梦想。
因此，正确答案是B。
13?. C
【解析】
此题考查的是副词辨析。句意：——海伦还在教室吗？——不。她和玛丽去图书馆了。A.早地；B.只有；C.还，仍然；D.仅仅。
因此，正确答案是C。
14?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是语音。句意：下面哪个单词的读音是/f??/。fill /fil/；fear /f??/；fair /fε?/；feel /fi:l/。
因此，正确答案是B。
15?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是形容词。句意：天如此暗以至于我们看不清楚。dark 黑暗的， 形容词，在此由so修饰作表语；darker 更黑暗，比较级，so修饰原级不修饰比较级；darken 使变暗，动词；darkness 黑暗，漆黑，名词。
因此，正确答案是A。
第二部分
16?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是不定代词的用法。句意：最伟大的作家之一狄更斯出生在英国的一个小镇。any 任何的；one 一个；some 一些；a 一个；由于出生地肯定是某一个小镇，所以使用one；one of sth. ……之一。
因此，正确答案是B。
17?. C
【解析】
此题考查的是名词的辨析。句意：当狄更斯十岁的时候，他们家搬到了伦敦——英国的首都。city 城市；town 小镇；capital 首都；county 县，郡；由于伦敦是英国的首都，所以使用capital。
因此，正确答案是C。
18?. D
【解析】
此题考查的是名词的辨析。句意：家里有几个年幼的小孩。school 学校；class 班级；city 城市；family 家庭；由于后面说了狄更斯因此无法去上学，说明因为家里小孩太多，没钱上学，所以使用family。
因此，正确答案是D。
19?. B
【解析】
此题考查的是形容词的辨析。句意：他们的生活很艰难。good 好的；hard 困难的；easy 容易的；wonderful 棒极了；由于后面说狄更斯无法去上学，所以他们生活应该是困难的，所以使用hard。
因此，正确答案是B。
20?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是固定词组的运用。句意：直到他父亲从监狱出来，他才去上学。go to school 去上学；此处是固定词组，所以使用A项。
因此，正确答案是A。
21?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是年龄的表达。句意：那时他已经12岁了。year old ……岁；由于前面的数量是twelve，所以使用复数形式years。
因此，正确答案是A。
22?. C
【解析】
此题考查的是时间状语的用法。句意：两年后，他开始工作了。ago ……之前；before 在……之前；later ……之后；since 从……开始；由于他是两年后开始工作，所以使用later。
因此，正确答案是C。
23?. D
【解析】
此题考查的是动词的辨析。句意：他经常去图书馆读书。see 看见（强调看的结果）；buy 买；sell 卖；read 看（书）；阅读；由于去图书馆，所以应该是读书，所以使用read。
因此，正确答案是D。
24?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是短语辨析。句意：他大量阅读。a lot 很多地；a lot of 很多的……；lots of 很多的……；a little 一点点；B、C项只能充当形容词短语，所以排除；D项意思和文章不符，所以使用A项。
因此，正确答案是A。
25?. C
【解析】
此题考查的是时态及语态的辨析。句意：狄更斯一生写了很多的小说和故事。由于写小说发生在过去，所以使用一般过去时；write novel 写小说。
因此，正确答案是C。
26?. D
【解析】
此题考查的是名词辨析。句意：狄更斯一生写了很多的小说和故事。money 钱；home 家；class 班级；life 生命；all his life 在他的一生。
因此，正确答案是D。
27?. A
【解析】
此题考查的是连词的用法。句意：狄更斯一百多年前就去世了，但是人们仍然在饱含兴趣的读他的小说。but 但是；so 因此；why 为什么；while 当……时；由于前后句语义转折，所以使用转折连词but。
因此，正确答案是A。
第三部分
28?. A；C；B；E；D
【解析】
第一空：句意：相反，他们发生地很慢。根据上文“But unlike earthquakes or hurricanes （飓风）, droughts are not sudden. ”但是不像地震或飓风，干旱不是突然的。应该是他们发生地很慢。
因此，正确答案是A。
第二空：句意：那是因为干旱使得他们的井干涸了。根据上文“About 3,500 people in East Porterville, California, have no running water in their homes. ”在加利福尼亚的Porterville的东部大约3500人家里没有流动的水。原因是井干涸了。
因此，正确答案是C。
第三空：句意：没有水，农民就不能种植同样多的植物。因此，就造成了下文所说的农民在2015年可能损失了二十多亿。
因此，正确答案是B。
第四空：句意：同时，许多人开车到消防局，用容器装满水。下文说他们把这些水拿回家，用来洗盘子，清理厕所并且干更多的事情。
因此，正确答案是E。
第五空：句意：遍布加利福尼亚，人们用他们所能用的一切方式节省水。下文说到节水的方式有停止浇草坪和洗车。
因此，正确答案是D。
29?. E；A；C；B；D
【解析】
第一空：句意：她说她的丈夫已在一个沙滩上发现他的足球了。由下句“They planned to go to his hometown to send his ball back soon. 他们计划不久就去他的家乡把球带回去。”可知此处意指有人发现球。
因此，正确答案是E。
第二空：句意：他们把500万吨的东西都拽向海里了。由下句“Most of them went down to the bottom of the ocean. 它们中大多数都沉到海底了。”可知此处答案。
因此，正确答案是A。
第三空：句意：那个足球是在北美首次上岸的东西之一。由下句“Since then, many things have been washed up. 自从那以后，很多东西就被冲上岸来。”可知此答案。
因此，正确答案是C。
第四空：句意：Misaki很高兴把他的球找回来了。由紧接着下文提到“It was a gift from his friends before he went to a new school. 它是他在去新学校之前他朋友送他的礼物。”可知此答案。
因此，正确答案是B。
第五空：句意：我真的想为能找回我的球说声谢谢。由上文“我如此的激动。”可知此处应该表示感激的心情。
因此，正确答案是D。
第四部分
30?.
A landslid
Last Monday morning, after two days' heavy rain, a landslide happened. I was at home with my mother. Father came back in the afternoon. It was raining heavily. He asked us to leave quickly with umbrellas. Just then, the house started to shake. We were very afraid and ran away quickly.
The following morning, we went back home. We found that there was no house at all. There were only pieces of glass and bricks everywhere. We felt very sad.
【解析】
好单词：
　　1. happen 发生
　　2. rain 雨
　　3. heavily 大量地
　　4. shake 摇晃
　　5. quickly 迅速地
好短语：
　　1. come back 回来
　　2. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
　　3. start to do sth. 开始做某事
　　4. run away 逃离
好句式：
　　1. He asked us to leave quickly with umbrellas. 他让我们带着雨伞迅速离开。
　　2. We were very afraid and ran away quickly. 我们非常害怕，很快就跑开了。
　　3. We found that there was no house at all. 我们发现根本没有房子。
　　4. There were only pieces of glass and bricks everywhere. 到处都是玻璃碎片和砖头。