Module
6
The
Internet
and
Telecommunications
Section
Ⅳ Writing——正反观点类议论文
正反观点类议论文一般会给出两个或两个以上的对立观点，要求发表自己的看法或见解。
一、注意事项
1．结构：此类文章的结构一般为：引语→正方观点→反方观点→结论。可采用四段式或传统的三段式模式。
2．时态：此类文章多用一般现在时。论述一种现象或观点，不能因为是讨论过的内容，就用一般过去时。
3．发表自己的观点或看法时，应紧扣主题，言简意赅。既可以赞成正方观点，也可以支持反方观点，也可以有自己的看法，只要言之有理，表达准确即可。
二、增分佳句
A．开头用语
1．Our
class
have
had
a
discussion
about...
2．Recently
the
problem
of...has
been
brought
into
focus.
3．Nowadays
there
is
a
growing
concern
over...
B．论证用语
1．People
may
have
different
opinions
on...
2．There
are
different
opinions
among
people
as
to...
3．Opinions
are
mainly
divided
into
two
groups.
4．For
one
thing,
...For
another
(thing),
...
5．On
(the)
one
hand,
...On
the
other
hand...
C．结论用语
1．Everything
has
two
sides
and...
2．I
quite
agree
with
the
statement
that...
3．In
my
opinion,
we
should
attach
more
importance
to...
4．As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
plan
to...
5．In
conclusion,
I
support
the
statement
that...
对于孩子们使用因特网，有人支持，认为益处颇多，也有人反对，认为对孩子的健康有害。请根据下列要点写一篇100词左右的文章，并谈谈你的看法。
1．优点：因特网是一个好的信息源；
2．缺点：
(1)网上有太多为孩子们设计的游戏。
(2)一些孩子甚至登录一些不良网站。
3．你的观点……
分析
体裁
议论文
主题
网络优缺点
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
结构
第一段：引出话题；第二段：网络优点；第三段：网络缺点；第四段：个人观点。
1.用词
(1)
access
n.
接近；通路
(2)
disadvantage
n.
弊端；缺点
(3)
source
n.
来源
(4)
essay
n.
文章
(5)
via
prep.
途径；经由
(6)
design
vt.
设计
(7)
frequently
adv.
时常；经常
(8)
contain
vt.
包含；包括
2．造句
(1)现在越来越多的孩子可以使用因特网。
Nowadays
more
and
more
children
have
access
to
the
Internet.
(2)上网既有优点也有缺点。
Surfing
online
has
both
advantages
and
disadvantages.
(3)有些孩子经常玩网络游戏。
Some
children
play
online
games
frequently.
(4)他们无法把精力集中到学习上。
They
can't
concentrate
on
their
studies.
(5)一些孩子甚至登录一些不良网站。
Some
children
even
log
on
some
bad
websites.
(6)这些网站包含不健康信息或图片。
They
contain
unhealthy
information
and
pictures.
(7)用so...that...引导的结果状语从句合并(3)、(4)句
Some
children
play
online
games
so
frequently
that
they
can't
concentrate
on
their
studies.
(8)用which引导的定语从句合并(5)、(6)句
Some
children
even
log
on
some
bad
websites
which
contain
unhealthy
information
and
pictures.
3．成篇
Nowadays
more
and
more
children
have
access
to
the
Internet.
Surfing
online
has
both
advantages
and
disadvantages.
The
Internet
is
a
good
information
source.
Children
can
get
to
know
the
world
outside
and
read
essays
on
it
as
well.
They
can
even
do
their
homework
via
the
Internet.
However,
it
also
has
disadvantages.
There
are
too
many
games
designed
for
children.
Some
children
play
online
games
so
frequently
that
they
can't
concentrate
on
their
studies.
Some
children
even
log
on
some
bad
websites
which
contain
unhealthy
information
and
pictures.
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
every
coin
has
two
sides.
What
matters
much
is
how
you
make
use
of
it.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
6
The
Internet
and
Telecommunications
Section
Ⅱ Grammar——合成词和冠词
[语法图解]
[课文原句感知]
①A
keyboard
is
the
part
of
the
computer
that
you
type
on.
②What's
the
difference
between
computer
hardware
and
computer
software?
③The
United
States
is
one
of
English?speaking
countries.
④Hard?working
people
are
more
likely
to
succeed.
⑤Have
you
got
a
computer
at
home?
⑥This
is
an
interesting
book
and
it
is
also
a
useful
one.
⑦The
Internet
is
the
biggest
source
of
information
in
the
world.
⑧He
came
up
with
the
idea
of
the
World
Wide
Web.
[语法领悟]
(1)例句①～④中黑体部分都是合成词，其中①②是合成
名词，③④是合成
形容词。
(2)例句①中的合成词是由“
名词＋名词”构成，例句②中的合成词由“
形容词＋名词”构成。
(3)例句③中的合成词是由“
名词＋动词?ing形式”构成，④中的合成词由“
副词＋动词?ing形式”构成。
(4)例句⑤～⑧黑体部分都是冠词。其中例句⑤⑥是
不定冠词，例句⑦⑧是
定冠词。
(5)例句⑤⑥中的
不定冠词表示泛指，例句⑦⑧中的
定冠词表示特指。
一、合成词
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成构词法。合成词有的用连字符连在一起，有的直接连在一起，常见的合成词有合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词和合成副词等几种类型。
1．合成名词
a．合成名词的数量很多，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。
Sightseeing
took
up
the
whole
morning.
观光用了整整一上午的时间。(作主语)
Finally
they
reached
a
crossroads.
最后他们到了一个十字路口。(作宾语)
b．合成名词的主要构成方式：
①名词＋名词：classroom
教室
newspaper
报纸
②形容词＋名词：blackboard
黑板
greenhouse
温室
③名词＋动名词：handwriting
书法
sunbathing
日光浴
④动名词＋名词：sleeping
pill
安眠药
dining?car
餐车
⑤名词＋介词＋名词：commander?in?chief
总司令
brother?in?law
姐夫/妹夫
⑥动词＋副词：get?together
联欢会
breakthrough
突破
[名师点津]
(1)“名词＋名词”构成的合成名词变为复数时，作定语的名词一般不改变形式，但man，woman作定语时，需随着其修饰的名词变为复数。例如：a
boy
student→boy
students;
a
woman
teacher→women
teachers。
(2)合成名词的复数形式，一般是在主体名词后加?s或?es，但如果没有主体名词的话，则在最后加?s或?es。例如：editors?in?chief
(主编),
sons?in?law
(女婿),
passers?by(过路人),
stand?bys(旁观者),
girlfriends
(女朋友)。
[即学即练1]
(1)把下列合成名词翻译成汉语
①snowfall
降雪
②highway
公路
③horse?riding
骑马
④waiting
room
候车室
⑤daughter?in?law
儿媳
⑥take?off
起飞
(2)把下列合成名词变成复数形式
①schoolboy
schoolboys
②looker?on
lookers?on
③grown?up
grown?ups
④woman
singer
women
singers
2．合成形容词
合成形容词的数量很多，多数作定语，有些也可作表语。
They
helped
us
to
map
out
a
long?term
plan.
他们帮我们制订了一个长远计划。(作定语)
Are
you
airsick?
你晕机吗？(作表语)
合成形容词的主要构成方式：
①名词＋形容词：world?famous
世界闻名的
②名词＋动词?ing：peace?loving
热爱和平的
③名词＋过去分词：heart?broken
伤心的
④动词＋副词：take?away
外卖的
⑤形容词＋名词：long?distance
长途的
⑥形容词＋形容词：dark?blue
深蓝色的
⑦形容词＋名词?ed：strong?minded
意志坚强的
⑧副词＋动词?ing：hard?working
勤劳的
⑨副词＋过去分词：well?known
著名的
⑩数词＋名词：first?class
头等的
?数词＋名词?ed：three?cornered
三角的
?基数词＋名词(单数)＋形容词：ten?year?old十岁大的
[即学即练2]用合成形容词完成句子
①That's
a
ten?metre?long
(10米长的)
stone
bridge.
②They
decided
to
have
another
paper?making
(造纸的)
factory
set
up
in
this
town.
③There
are
more
newly?built
(新建的)
houses
in
this
village
than
in
that
one.
④Our
English
teacher
is
a
warm?hearted
(热心的),
honest
and
strict
man.
⑤It
took
us
quite
a
long
time
to
get
to
the
amusement
park.
It
was
a
three?hour
(三小时的)
journey.
3．合成动词
合成动词的主要构成方式：
①名词＋动词：water?cool
用水冷却
②形容词＋动词：quick?charge
快速充电
③副词＋动词：outact
行动上胜过
4．合成副词
合成副词的主要构成方式：
①副词＋副词：however
但是
②代词＋副词：anywhere
任何地方
③副词＋名词：downstairs
在楼下
④形容词＋名词：anyway
无论如何
[即学即练3]
(1)把下列合成动词和合成副词翻译成汉语
①typewrite
打字
②underline
在下面画线
③oversleep
睡过头
④safeguard
捍卫
⑤upstairs
在楼上
⑥sideways
横着地，斜着地
(2)用合成动词或合成副词填空
①It
is
important
never
to
overdo
new
exercises.(do,
over)
②His
food
cost
$3,
but
he
was
overcharged
by
50
cents.
(charge,
over)
③Get
the
job
done
anyway
you
can.
(any,
way)
二、冠词的用法
在英语中，冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a/an)。两者的最大差别在于定冠词表示特指概念；不定冠词表示泛指概念。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；两者都是对可数名词单数进行限定。the既可以限定可数名词单数或复数，又可以限定不可数名词。
1．不定冠词的用法
(1)泛指一类人和物。
A
horse
runs
faster
than
a
sheep.
马比绵羊跑得快。
(2)表示数量“一个；同一；每一；某一”，意思相当于one,
the
same,
every或a
certain。
The
children
are
of
an
age.
这些孩子们年龄一样大。
We
have
meals
three
times
a
day.
我们每天吃三顿饭。
A
Mr
Li
is
waiting
for
you.
一位李先生在等你。
(3)用在某些物质名词前，表示“一阵，一场，一种”等。
They
were
caught
in
a
heavy
rain.
他们遇上了一场大雨。
I'd
like
to
have
an
ice?cream.
我想来一份冰激凌。
(4)用于固定词组或短语中。
in
a
word
总之，一句话
as
a
matter
of
fact
事实上
[即学即练4]
(1)用不定冠词填空
①There
is
an
“m”
in
the
word
“cream”．
②It's
an
honour
for
me
to
give
you
a
lecture
here.
③
A
Mr
Wang
came
to
see
you
this
morning.
④The
man
can
run
20
kilometers
an
hour.
⑤It
hasn't
rained
for
3
months.
As
a
result,
some
plants
have
died.
(2)完成句子
①The
work
is
so
tiring.
Let's
have
a
rest
(休息一会儿)．
②The
medicine
should
be
taken
three
times
a
day
(一天三次)．
③Can
you
give
me
a
second
chance
(再一次机会),
please?
2．定冠词的用法
(1)表示特指，用于彼此都知道的人或物。
Do
you
know
the
man
standing
there?
你认识那边站着的那个人吗？
He
bought
a
house.
I've
been
to
the
house.
他买了幢房子，我去过那幢房子。
(2)与形容词连用，代表一类人或事物。
The
wounded
were
sent
to
the
hospital
immediately.
受伤者被马上送往了医院。
(3)用于方位、方向等名词前。
in
the
east
在东方
on
the
right
在右边
(4)用于世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。
The
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
地球围绕太阳转。
Alexander
Bell
invented
the
telephone
in
1876.
亚历山大·贝尔于1876年发明了电话。
[名师点津]
有些物体实际上也是独一无二的，但习惯上不用冠词，如space,
nature。
(5)用于序数词、形容词最高级前。还可用在对两个人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前。
He
is
always
the
first
to
come
to
school.
他总是第一个到校。
He
is
the
older
of
the
two.
他是两人中年长的那一个。
[名师点津]
表示“再一，又一”时，在序数词前加不定冠词。
I
have
been
to
Qingdao
twice,
but
I
want
to
go
there
a
third
time.
我去过青岛两次，但我想再去一次。
(6)用在姓氏复数名词前，表示全家人或这一姓氏的夫妇俩。
The
Greens
are
on
holiday
now.
现在格林一家(夫妇)正在度假。
(7)用在某个世纪的某个年代前。
in
the
1990s在20世纪90年代
(8)用在以festival组成的中国传统节日之前，但以day组成的节日前不加定冠词；在表示演奏的西洋乐器的名词前通常用定冠词，但中国传统乐器前不加定冠词。试比较：
in
the
Spring
Festival
在春节
on
Christmas
Day
在圣诞节
play
the
piano
弹钢琴
play
erhu
演奏二胡
(9)用在表示计量的名词前，表示“按照……”。但如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词前面不加定冠词。
by
the
day
按天
by
the
dozen
按打
by
weight
按重量
by
length
按长度
(10)用在一些固定搭配中。
in
the
end
最后
by
the
way
顺便说一下
in
the
distance
在远处
[即学即练5]用适当的冠词填空
①In
the
United
States,
Father's
Day
falls
on
the
third
Sunday
in
June.
②After
having
a
good
breakfast,
he
went
to
play
the
piano.
③
The
parents
were
shocked
by
the
news
that
their
son
needed
an
operation
on
his
knee.
④I
bought
a
book
yesterday.
And
I
lent
the
book
to
Mary
this
morning.
⑤It
is
a
pleasure
to
see
the
sun
rising
in
the
east.
⑥I
have
two
dogs.
The
black
one
is
two
years
old
and
the
yellow
one
is
three
years
old.
3．零冠词的用法
(1)表示总称的复数名词之前不加冠词。
Horses
are
useful
animals.
马是有用的动物。
(2)物质名词、抽象名词表示泛指时，前面不用冠词。
Theory
begins
with
practice.
理论来源于实践。
(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、学科名称、球类、棋类名词前不加冠词。
I
like
physics
though
it
is
a
little
difficult.
我喜欢物理，尽管学起来有些难。
(4)名词作表语或同位语表示头衔、职位时不用冠词。
We
made
Jack
monitor
of
our
class.
我们选杰克为我们班的班长。
(5)表示交通工具的名词与by连用，不指具体某辆车时前面不加冠词。
He
goes
to
school
by
bike
every
day.
他每天骑自行车上学。
(6)bed,
hospital,
church,
class,
college,
university,
school,
court,
prison,
town等名词与介词连用，表抽象概念时，一般不用冠词。
It
is
high
time
that
you
went
to
school.
到了你该上学的时间了。
(7)用在一些固定搭配中。
on
business
做生意
in
place
of
代替
(8)一些短语中有无冠词的区别
at
table
在吃饭
at
the
table
在桌子旁
in
hospital
住院
in
the
hospital
在医院
take
place
发生
take
the
place
of
取代
in
front
of
在……的前面
in
the
front
of
在……的前面部分
[即学即练6]
在下列句子空白处填入适当的冠词，无须冠词处填“/”
①It's
/
bad
manners
to
blow
your
noise
at
/
table.
②I
go
to
/
school
on
foot
because
my
home
is
near
the
school.
③Bill
likes
playing
/
football,
but
his
sister
likes
playing
the
violin.
④I've
just
had
a
glass
of
milk
for
/
breakfast.
⑤
The
museum
is
quite
far.
It
will
take
you
half
an
hour
to
get
there
by
/
bus.
⑥In
case
of
/
fire,
break
the
glass
and
push
the
red
button.
链接高考——单句语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm
face?to?face
with
the
gorilla,
who
begins
screaming
at
the
top
of
her
lungs.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When
fat
and
salt
are
removed
from
food,
the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.
As
a
result,
people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead,
she
is
earning
￡6,500
a
day
as
a
model
in
New
York.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This
included
digging
up
the
road,
laying
the
track
and
then
building
a
strong
roof
over
the
top.
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The
nursery
team
switches
him
every
few
days
with
his
sister
so
that
while
one
is
being
bottle?fed,
the
other
is
with
mum—she
never
suspects.
6．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give
your
body
and
brain
a
rest
by
stepping
outside
for
a
while,
exercising,
or
doing
something
you
enjoy.
7．(2016·浙江)
The
prize
for
the
winner
of
the
competition
is
a
two?week
holiday
in
Paris.
8．(2015·浙江)Jane's
grandmother
had
wanted
to
write
a
children's
book
for
many
years,
but
one
thing
or
another
always
got
in
the
way.
9．(2015·四川)Brian
is
gifted
in
writing
music;
he
is
very
likely
to
be
a
Beethoven.
10．(2015·重庆)I
just
heard
the
bank
where
Dora
works
was
robbed
by
a
gunman
wearing
a
mask.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
6
The
Internet
and
Telecommunications
Section
Ⅲ
Integrating
Skills
&
Cultural
Corner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．fantastic
adj.
极好的；美妙的
2．essay
n.
文章
3．average
adj.
平均的
4．statistic
n.
(复)统计数字
5．sideways
adv.
横着地；斜着地
6.
concentrate
vi.
集中(注意力、思想等)→
concentration
n.
集中；专心(注意力)
7.
definite
adj.
明确的→
definitely
adv.
明确地
8.
independent
adj.
独立的→
independence
n.
独立；自主；自立
9.
frequently
adv.
时常；经常→
frequent
adj.
经常的；频繁的
10.
disadvantage
n.
弊端；缺点→
advantage
n.
优点；优势
11.
shorten
vt.
缩短→
shortage
n.
短缺；缺少；不足
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.
concentrate
on 聚精会神；集中思想
2.
agree
with
同意；(气候、食物等)适合
3.
point
out
指出；指明
4.
communicate
with
与……交流
5.
compared
with
与……相比
6.
wrap
up
包起来；包装
7.
take
out
取出，把……拿出来
8．as
much
as
possible
尽可能多地
9．how
often
多久一次
10．the
official
language
官方语言
11．in
my
opinion
在我看来
12．credit
card
信用卡
13．instead
of
代替；而不是
14．a
series
of
一系列的
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．我们的英语老师很优秀，但她不能在50分钟内帮助班里的每个人。
Our
English
teacher
is
excellent,
but
she
can't
help
everyone
in
the
class
in
50
minutes.
2．如果我们用计算机工作，情况会好很多。
It
would
be
much
better
if
we
spent
the
time
working
on
a
computer.
3．用手机打电话很贵，所以很多人发短信。
Talking
on
a
mobile
phone
is
expensive,
so
a
lot
of
people
send
text
messages.
课文预读
译文助读
用手机打电话很贵，所以很多人发短信。发短信比用手机打电话便宜得多，你还可以通过缩短你的用词使费用更低。你可以通过去掉单词中“不重要”的字母(通常是元音)或使用数字代替单词(2＝to,
3＝free,
4＝for,
8＝ate,
所以h8＝hate,
等等)的方式来缩短用词。你也可以避免使用标点符号，比如引号。下面是一个例子：Im
hm
nw,
why
nt
gv
me
a
cll？(我现在在家，为什么不给我打电话？)
你认为这些短信是什么意思？
Whr
hv
ll
bn?
Iv
bn
wtng
hrs
fr
a
cll.
Do
U
wnt
2
g
2
the
cnma
tnite?
I
gt
a
txt
mssge
frm
my
frnd.
Shes
hvng
a
prty
on
Strdy.
Do
u
wnt
2
cm?
手机用户还发明了一系列的象征符号来表达他们的感情。这叫作表情符号，下面有一些这样的例子。要读懂一个感情符号，你需要横着看它。
比如说，如果你编辑的短信是一个笑话，你可以在后面加一个笑脸。像这样：Why
didt
u
call
me?
I'm
so
sad.∶?)
这儿还有一些别的例子。你能想到在哪些短信中能用到它们吗？
∶?)
笑 ∶?(
伤心 ∶?<
很伤心 ∶?V
大喊
?|
睡觉 ∶O
震惊 8?|
吃惊 \?o
厌烦
课文理解
Step
Ⅰ
Fast
reading
Look
through
the
passage
quickly
and
decide
if
the
statements
are
true
or
false.
1．Nowadays
only
a
small
percentage
of
people
like
to
send
text
messages.( F )
2．You
can
shorten
the
words
by
taking
out
consonants
(辅音)
in
them.( F )
3.To
be
brief,
you
can
also
avoid
using
punctuation
like
inverted
commas.( T )
4．The
emoticon∶O
means
shouting.( F )
5．We
can
predict
that
in
the
future
the
emoticons
will
be
more
popular
with
people.( T )
Step
Ⅱ
Careful
reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1．Why
do
people
prefer
to
use
text
messages
instead
of
talking
on
the
phones?
A．They
want
to
keep
secret.
B．They
want
to
save
money.
C．They
want
to
make
jokes.
D．They
want
to
play
word
games.
答案：B
2．Mobile
phone
users
use
emoticons
to
show
.
A．how
happy
they
are
B．what
they
are
doing
C．how
sad
they
are
D．how
they
feel
答案：D
3．If
you
want
to
understand
the
emoticon,
you'd
better
look
.
A．upside
down
B．in
the
face
C．from
the
upside
D．from
the
side
答案：D
4．How
can
you
shorten
the
words
that
you
use?
A．Take
out
any
letters
that
you
use.
B．Take
out
unimportant
letters,
usually
vowels.
C．Use
numbers
instead
of
words.
D．Use
words
instead
of
numbers.
答案：B
5．From
the
passage,
we
know
that
.
A．it
is
easy
to
understand
some
short
messages
if
you
are
a
Chinese
B．it
is
hard
to
understand
the
emoticons
if
you
don't
know
English
C．the
short
messages
cannot
be
made
by
Chinese
D．short
messages
sometimes
make
us
puzzled
答案：D
6．The
text
is
mainly
about
.
A．how
to
make
your
phone
call
cheaper
B．text
messages
and
emoticons
C．how
to
read
text
messages
and
emoticons
D．how
to
shorten
your
text
messages
答案：B
Step
Ⅲ
After
reading
1
(talk)
on
a
mobile
phone
is
expensive,
so
a
lot
of
people
send
text
messages.
Text
messages
are
much
2
(cheap)
than
talking
on
a
mobile
phone.
You
can
make
it
even
cheaper
by
3
(shorten)
the
words
4
you
use.
You
can
do
this
by
taking
out
5
(important)
letters
in
the
words
and
using
numbers
instead
6
words.
You
can
also
avoid
7
(use)
punctuation
like
inverted
commas.
8
series
of
symbols
has
9
(develop)
to
show
how
mobile
phone
users
feel.
They
are
called
emoticons
and
there
are
some
10
(example)
below.
1.
Talking 2.
cheaper 3.
shortening 4.
that/which
5.
unimportant 6.
of 7.
using 8.
A
9.
been
developed 10.
examples
1
派生词：concentration
n.
专心，专注；关注
(教材P54)Concentrate
on
the
good
things
about
the
Internet.
关注因特网好的方面。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She
has
turned
down
several
invitations
to
star
at
shows
in
order
to
concentrate
on
her
studies.
为了专心于她的学习，她拒绝了几项参加演出的邀请。
[经典例句]
We
must
concentrate
our
attention
on
protecting
the
water
resources.
我们必须把注意力集中在保护水资源上。
Concentration
is
essential
if
you
want
to
do
a
good
job.
如果你想把事情做好，专心是必要的。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/一句多译
①We
should
concentrate
all
our
efforts
on/upon
improving
education.
②Stress
and
tiredness
often
result
in
a
lack
of
concentration
(concentrate)．
③如果集中精力学习英语，你就会掌握这门语言。
→
If
you
concentrate
on
English，you
will
master
the
language.(if条件从句)
→
Concentrate
on
English，and
you
will
master
the
language.(祈使句＋and＋简单句)
→
Concentrating
on
English
will
enable
you
to
master
the
language.(动名词短语作主语)
2
词根：advantage
n.
优点
(教材P57)What
are
the
disadvantages?
缺点是什么？
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·江苏)The
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
ratings
are
often
closely
related.
排名的利弊经常密切相关。
[经典例句]
Her
height
will
be
very
much
to
her
disadvantage
if
she
wants
to
be
a
dancer.
如果她想当舞蹈演员的话，她的身高将对她非常不利。
He
took
advantage
of
the
good
weather
to
go
for
a
walk.
他趁着天气好，出去散散步。
Anyone
who
can't
use
a
computer
is
at
a
disadvantage.
不会使用计算机的人处于不利地位。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①We
should
take
advantage
of
the
trade
fair
to
advertise
our
products.
②I
hope
my
lack
of
experience
won't
be
to
my
disadvantage.
③Each
has
its
advantages
and
disadvantages.
各有利弊。
④I
was
at
a
disadvantage
compared
with
the
younger
members
of
the
team.
与队里较年轻的队员相比，我处于不利地位。
3
(教材P57)The
average
time
the
Chinese
people
spend
online
is
17
hours
per
week.
中国人平均花在网上的时间是每周17个小时。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The
average
number
of
electronic
devices
rose
from
four
per
household
in
1992
to
13
in
2007.
电子设备的平均数量从1992年的每户4台上升到2007年的13台。
[经典例句]
We
should
drink
6
bottles
of
water
a
day
on
average.
我们平均每天应该喝六杯水。
Tom's
work
at
school
is
above
average，while
Harry's
is
below
average.
汤姆在学校的功课在平均水平以上，而哈利的功课在平均水平以下。
An
average
of
ten
students
haven't
passed
the
exam
in
each
class.
每个班平均有10名学生未通过考试。
[名师点津]
“an
average
of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；而“the
average
of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
average
of
1
and
3
is
(be)
2.
②Although
prices
have
been
dropping
over
the
past
few
days,
they
are
still
well
above
average.
③Parents
spend
an
average
of
$200
a
year
on
toys
for
their
children.
父母每年平均花费200美元给孩子买玩具。
1
(教材P56)I
agree
with
this
idea,
especially
on
the
subject
of
learning
English.
我同意这个想法，尤其是在学英语这门课程上。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2014·重庆)I
quite
agree
with
you
that
gifts
should
be
worth
time
and
energy
if
you
want
to
send
them
to
someone
you
love.
我很赞同你的观点，如果你想把礼物送给你爱的人，这份礼物应该值得花费时间和精力。
[经典例句]
I
can't
agree
with
you
more.
我非常赞成你。
We
agreed
on
the
price
of
the
house
yesterday.
昨天我们就房屋的价格达成了一致。
This
kind
teacher
agreed
to
help
me
with
my
English.
这位好心的老师同意帮我学英语。
[名师点津]
agree
with
意为“适合，适应”时，其主语通常为天气、食物等。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①The
climate
here
doesn't
agree
with
him.
So
he
often
falls
ill.
②Jay
phoned
me
this
morning,
and
we
agreed
on
a
time
and
place
to
meet.
③Do
you
think
he
will
agree
to
our
suggestion?
④My
family
have
agreed
to
spend
(spend)
the
holiday
in
the
north.
2
(教材P57)Two
percent
of
the
total
population
of
China
have
access
to
the
Internet,
compared
with
45
percent
in
the
USA
and
15
percent
in
Japan.
与美国人口的45%和日本人口的15%相比，中国总人口中只有2%使用因特网。
[归纳拓展]
compare...with...
把……和……比较
compare...to...
把……比作……
[品读高考]
(2018·北京)But
compared
with
previous
studies,
she
finds
the
speed
of
breaking
down
in
this
one
exciting.
但与以前的研究相比，她发现这次研究中的分解速度令人兴奋。
[经典例句]
Comparing
his
camera
with
mine,
I
find
mine
is
better.
把他的照相机与我的相比，我发现我的更好。
Bride
is
often
compared
to
half
open
blossom.
新娘子通常被比作即将盛开的花朵。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①Books
can
be
compared
to
friends.
②If
you
compare
American
English
with
British
English,
you'll
find
many
differences.
③
Compared
with/to
our
small
flat,
Bill's
house
seemed
like
a
palace.
和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是宫殿。
(教材P56)Our
English
teacher
is
excellent,
but
she
can't
help
everyone
in
the
class
in
50
minutes.
我们的英语老师很优秀，但她不能在50分钟内帮助班里的每个人。
该句中not...everyone＝everyone...not表示部分否定，意为“并非每个人都……”。
[归纳拓展]
?1?否定副词not与表示整体或全部意义的词every，
everyone，
everybody，
everything，
everywhere，
both，
all，
always等连用时，not在任何位置都表示部分否定，意为“并不都是；不全是”。
?2?若要表示全部否定，则需要用相应的表示全部否定的词。如all→
none，
both→
neither，
every
→
no，
everyone→
no
one，
everybody
→nobody，
everything
→nothing，
everywhere
→nowhere等。
[品读高考]
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)But
not
everyone
is
happy.
但并不是每个人都高兴。
[经典例句]
Not
all
that
glitters
is
gold.
并不是所有发光的都是金子。
Try
to
be
independent,
for
your
parents
can't
do
everything
for
you
all
your
life.
尽力去独立，因为你的父母不可能一辈子为你做所有的事情。
None
of
the
clerks
at
the
ticket
office
bothered
to
answer
the
question.
售票处的职员个个都懒得回答这一问题。
Neither
of
his
sisters
agrees
to
his
suggestion.
他的两个姐姐都不同意他的提议。
[即学即练]句型转换/完成句子
①All
men
cannot
swim.
→
Not
all
men
can
swim.
②You
can't
do
two
things
at
a
time.
你无法同时做两件事。
③I
like
neither
of
the
books.
这两部小说我都不喜欢。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What's
the
workers'
average
(平均的)
income
a
month
in
this
factory?
2．The
days
are
shortening
(缩短)
as
the
winter
comes
near.
3．We
should
speak
English
frequently
(经常)
in
order
to
improve
our
spoken
English.
4．Not
knowing
how
to
operate
the
computer
is
one
of
the
disadvantages
(缺点)
in
finding
jobs.
5．All
the
students
who
work
hard
can
definitely
(肯定)
pass
the
exam.
6．Only
in
this
way
can
they
grow
up
to
be
independent
(独立的)
and
become
truly
successful.
7．Your
attention
should
be
concentrated
(集中)
on
your
papers
during
the
test.
8．According
to
the
statistics
(统计数字),
60%
of
the
households
in
this
district
have
their
private
cars.
9．I
finished
the
essay
(文章)
with
her
help.
10．Tom
is
so
fat
that
he
can
only
get
through
the
door
sideways
(斜着地)．
Ⅱ.用方框中短语的适当形式填空
concentrate
on；
instead
of；
according
to；
compared
with；
point
out；
agree
with；
on
average；
take
out；
communicate
with；
a
series
of
1．Film
has
a
much
shorter
history,
especially
when
compared
with
such
art
forms
as
music
and
painting.
2.
On
average,
he
learns
10
words
every
day
and
his
English
has
improved
greatly.
3．As
a
senior
high
student,
you
should
concentrate
on
how
to
master
the
skills
of
learning.
4．The
police
are
investigating
a
series
of
attacks
in
the
area.
5．Parents
often
find
it
difficult
to
communicate
with
their
children.
6．Chongqing
doesn't
agree
with
me.
It
is
so
hot
that
I
can't
put
up
with
it
indeed.
7．The
books
in
the
library
were
distributed
according
to
subjects.
8．You
can
just
take
out
the
interest
each
year,
if
you
choose.
9．When
the
mistake
was
pointed
out
to
him
he
corrected
it
at
once.
10．He
went
to
the
lecture
instead
of
me.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．Everyone
agreed
with
what
he
said.(转化为部分否定)
→
Not
everyone
agreed
with
what
he
said
→
Everyone
didn't
agree
with
what
he
said.
2．Why
don't
you
take
a
boat?
→
Why
not
take
a
boat?
3．I
don't
want
to
depend
on
my
parents.
→I
want
to
be
independent
of
my
parents.
4．There
is
too
much
noise.
I
can't
focus
my
attention
on
the
garden.
→There
is
too
much
noise.
I
can't
concentrate
my
attention
on
the
garden.
5．He
always
makes
full
use
of
the
mistakes
made
by
his
rivals.
→He
always
takes
full
advantage
of
the
mistakes
made
by
his
rivals.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
6 The
Internet
and
Telecommunications
Since
1990s
the
Internet
has
become
fashionable
in
people's
daily
life.
The
Internet
is
a
system
of
thousands
of
networks,
linking
middle
schools,
universities,
businesses,
government
agencies,
libraries
and
millions
of
individuals.
The
Internet,
an
information
highway,
can
bring
many
conveniences
into
the
school,
home
and
office.
College
students
can
find
the
data
of
different
countries
to
finish
their
papers.
Housewives
can
do
their
shopping
and
pay
bills
without
leaving
their
homes.
Businessmen
can
place
an
order
through
electronic
media.
Patients
can
reach
the
world's
leading
experts
on
the
disease
they
suffer
from.
Men
and
women
can
communicate
with
people
from
all
over
the
world
by
sending
and
receiving
e?mails.
With
a
computer
and
the
network,
any
individual
can
call
up
information
about
almost
anything
from
almost
anywhere
at
almost
any
time.
The
Internet
offers
us
excitement
and
a
world
of
promise.
For
example,
it
can
improve
efficiency
in
scientific
research,
for
by
means
of
it
scientists
and
researchers
can
get
a
global
look
at
the
latest
developments
in
the
field
concerned
and
they
don't
need
to
spend
time
doing
what
has
already
been
done.
In
view
of
personal
communication,
the
Internet
could
be
the
most
convenient
means,
too.
开启快乐学习之旅
当今互联网无处不在，很难想象没有互联网的生活会是怎样。读完本文，你会对因特网有进一步的了解和认识。
阅读助手：
1．fashionable
adj.
时尚的
2．agency
n.
机构
3．convenience
n.
方便
4．place
an
order
订购
5．electronic
adj.
电子的
6．suffer
from
遭受
7．communicate
with
与……交流
8．efficiency
n.
效率
9．by
means
of
用，依靠
10．concerned
adj.
有关的
11．in
view
of
鉴于，考虑到
12．means
n.
手段；方法
模块核心素养导航
SectionⅠ Introduction
&
Reading
and
Speaking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．crash
vi.
(计算机)崩溃；坠毁
2．keyword
n.
密码；口令
3．log
vt.
记录；登录
4．data
n.
(复)数据
5．network
n.
网络
6．document
n.
文件
7．military
adj.
军事的；军队的
8.
access
n.
接近；通路→
accessible
adj.
可进入的；可使用的
9.
defence
n.
保护；防卫→
defend
v.
保护；保卫→
defensive
adj.
防御性的
10.
create
vt.
创造；发明→
creation
n.
创造，创建→
creative
adj.
创造性的
11.
percentage
n．百分数；百分率→
percent
adj.
&
n.
百分之……(的)
12.
design
vt.
设计→
designer
n.
设计者
13.
invention
n.
发明→
invent
vt.
发明→
inventor
n.
发明者
14.
permission
n.
许可，允许→
permit
n.
许可证
v.
允许，准许
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.
log
on/off 注册/注销
2.
consist
of
由……组成
3.
as
well
也
4.
become
known
as
作为……而出名；被称为……；叫作……
5.
go
down
下降
6.
come
up
with
提出
7.
from
that
moment
on
从那时起
8.
work
as
担任，以……身份而工作
9．click
on
用鼠标点击
10．personal
computer
私人电脑
11．millions
of
数以百万计的
12．at
the
moment
此刻；目前
13．not
just
不仅仅
14．make
a
lot
of
money
挣大钱
15．computer
breakdown
电脑故障
16．computer
user
电脑用户
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．然后，大学使用这一系统也成为可能。
It
then
became
possible
for
universities
to
use
the
system
as
well.
2．读大学时，贝尔纳斯·李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑！
Berners?Lee
built
his
first
computer
while
he
was
at
university
using
an
old
television!
3．贝尔纳斯·李使每个人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。
Berners?Lee
made
it
possible
for
everyone
to
use
the
Internet,
not
just
universities
and
the
army.
课文预读
译文助读
因特网是世界上最大的信息源，它可以通过电脑访问，由数百万页的数据组成。
1969年，一个名叫DARPA的美国国防组织研发出一种使他们所有的电脑通过电话相互“交谈”的方法。他们创建了一个叫DARPANET的电脑网络。在15年的时间里，只有美国军方才能使用这一交流系统。后来在1984年，美国国家科学基金会创立了NSFNET网络。然后，大学使用这一系统也成为可能。NSFNET作为“互联网络”或者“因特网”而闻名。
万维网是一种电脑网络，它使电脑用户通过因特网从数百万的网站上获取信息成为可能。目前，大约80%的网络传输都使用英语，但这一比例正在下降。到2020年时，大量的网络传输有可能使用汉语。
万维网由英国科学家蒂姆·贝尔纳斯·李于1991年创建。读大学时，贝尔纳斯·李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑！
1989年，当他在瑞士工作时，他提出了创建万维网的构想。
贝尔纳斯·李使每个人使用因特网成为可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。他设计出了第一个“网站浏览器”，允许电脑用户从其他电脑上获取文件。从那时起，万维网和因特网开始发展。5年内，因特网的用户从60万剧增至4千万。
因特网造就了成千上万的百万富翁，但不包括贝尔纳斯·李。世界上的任何人都可以利用他的万维网系统访问因特网。他现任美国波士顿麻省理工学院讲师。
课文理解
StepⅠ
Fast
reading
1．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
It
mainly
tells
us
what
the
Internet
is
and
how
it
has
developed
step
by
step.
2．Match
the
following
paragraphs
with
their
main
ideas.
Para.1 A．The
definition
of
the
World
Wide
Web.
Para.2
B．The
inventor
of
the
World
Wide
Web.
Para.3
C．The
current
condition
of
Berners?Lee.
Para.4
D．The
development
of
the
Internet.
Para.5
E．The
start
of
the
Internet.
Para.6
F．The
definition
of
the
Internet.
答案：Para.1—F；Para.2—E；Para.3—A；Para.4—B；Para.5—D；Para.6—C
StepⅡ
Careful
reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1．From
the
third
paragraph，we
can
conclude
that
.
A．English
will
be
replaced
by
Chinese
on
the
web
in
the
future
B．English
will
still
control
the
web
in
the
future
C．Chinese
will
become
one
of
the
main
languages
on
the
web
in
the
future
D．you
won't
get
information
from
the
web
if
you
don't
know
Chinese
in
the
future
答案：C
2．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
about
Berners?Lee?
A．He
now
works
as
a
lecturer
at
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology.
B．He
invented
the
first
computer
and
made
a
lot
of
money.
C．He
came
up
with
the
idea
of
the
Internet
while
at
university.
D．He
made
it
possible
for
universities
to
use
the
Internet.
答案：A
3．The
idea
of
the
World
Wide
Web
appeared
in
by
.
A．1969；DARPA
B．1984；NSF
C．1991；Tim
Berners?Lee
D．1989；Tim
Berners?Lee
答案：D
4．The
World
Wide
Web
is
used
to
.
A．share
information
with
other
computer
users
B．store
important
information
C．carry
information
to
other
computer
users
D．make
thousands
of
millionaires
答案：A
5．Which
sentence
is
RIGHT
from
the
passage?
A．The
NSFNET
was
only
used
by
the
US
army.
B．By
2020,
much
web
traffic
will
be
in
Japanese.
C．Everyone
in
the
world
can
access
the
Internet
using
the
World
Wide
Web
system.
D．Berners?Lee
became
rich
because
of
the
Internet.
答案：C
6．The
best
title
of
this
passage
is
.
A．Berners?Lee，the
Inventor
of
W．W.W.
B．Want
to
Be
a
Millionaire？Go
to
W．W.W.
C．The
Development
of
the
Internet
D．The
Use
of
the
Internet
答案：C
Step
Ⅲ
After
reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
fill
in
the
following
blanks.
In
1969,
a
network
of
computers
called
DARPANET
1
(create)
through
the
telephone.
Only
the
US
army
could
use
this
system
2
in
1984
the
NSFNET
network
came
into
being.NSFNET，later
3
(know)
as
“Internet”，made
4
possible
for
universities
to
use
the
system
as
well.
And
thanks
to
an
English
scientist，Tim
Berners?Lee，it
finally
became
possible
for
everyone
5
(use)
the
Internet.
In
1989，while
working
in
Switzerland，Berners?Lee
came
up
6
the
idea
of
the
World
Wide
Web,
7
he
invented
two
years
later.
He
also
designed
the
first
“web
browser”，a
tool
for
computer
users
to
access
documents
from
other
8
(computer).
From
that
moment
on，the
web
and
the
Internet
9
(grow).
Now
everyone
in
the
world
can
access
the
Internet
10
(use)
his
World
Wide
Web
system.
1.
was
created 2.
until 3.
known 4.
it 5.
to
use
6.
with 7.
which 8.
computers 9.
grew 10.
using
1
派生词：container
n.
容器
(教材P51)A
CD?ROM
is
a
separate
disk
that
contains
lots
of
information.
只读光盘存储器是一个包含很多信息的单独磁盘。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Of
the
common
berries,
strawberries
are
highest
in
vitamin
C,
although,
because
of
their
seeds,
raspberries
contain
a
little
more
protein,
iron
and
zinc
(not
that
fruits
have
much
protein)．
在常见的浆果之中，草莓的维生素C含量最高。然而，由于覆盆莓生有种子，因此它们含有更多的蛋白质、铁和锌(覆盆莓的蛋白质含量并非很高)。
[经典例句]
As
far
as
I
know，the
hall
can
contain
3,000
people.
据我所知，这个大厅可以容纳3
000人。
He
was
too
excited
to
contain
himself
when
the
container
was
to
be
opened.
当容器要被打开的时候，他激动得几乎不能自已。
[易混辨析]contain,
include
contain
指某物被装在比其更大的东西内，或指某物含有某种成分或其他物质。
include
指某物为整体的一部分或要素，意为“算在内，列在里面，包括”。include还常用其介词和过去分词短语作插入语，起补充说明作用，而contain无此用法。
[即学即练]
用contain或include的适当形式填空/完成句子
①How
much
water
does
this
bottle
contain?
②At
least
40
people
got
hurt,
including
5
children.
③This
kind
of
fruit
contains
a
large
amount
of
vitamin,
including
vitamin
C.
④I
was
so
angry
that
I
just
couldn't
contain
myself.
我气愤极了，简直无法克制自己。
⑤Your
duty
includes
answering
the
telephone.
你的职责是接电话。
2
词根：defend
vt.
保护；保卫
(教材P52)In
1969,
DARPA,
a
US
defence
organisation,
developed
a
way
for
all
their
computers
to
“talk”
to
each
other
through
the
telephone.
1969年，一个名叫DARPA的美国国防组织，研发出一种使他们所有的电脑通过电话相互“交谈”的方法。
[归纳拓展]
in
defence
of
保卫……
defend...against...
保护……免受……
[品读高考]
(2014·重庆)Your
best
defense
is
a
sense
of
humor.
你最好的防御就是幽默感。
[经典例句]
Thousands
of
people
gave
their
lives
in
defence
of
their
country.
成千上万的人为了保卫自己的国家而献出了生命。
They
needed
more
troops
to
defend
the
border
against
possible
attack.
他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境地区免受可能的攻击。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
defence
of
the
country
is
everyone's
duty.
②They
took
up
arms
in
defence
of
their
country.
③We
should
take
measures
to
defend
ourselves
against/from
being
cheated.
我们应该采取措施保护我们自己以免被欺骗。
3
派生词：accessible
adj.
可进入的；可使用的；易到达的；方便前往的；易相处的；易接近的
(教材P52)The
World
Wide
Web
(the
web)
is
a
computer
network
that
allows
computer
users
to
access
information
from
millions
of
websites
via
the
Internet.
万维网是一种电脑网络，它使电脑用户通过因特网从数百万的网站上获取信息成为可能。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·江苏)Kids
shouldn't
have
access
to
violent
films
because
they
might
imitate
the
things
they
see.
孩子们不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们看到的东西。
[经典例句]
You
need
a
keyword
to
get/gain
access
to
the
computer
system.
使用这个计算机系统需要口令。
The
teacher
is
accessible
to
his
students.
这位老师很容易和学生亲近。
[名师点津]
access为不可数名词，常与介词
to
连用。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/句型转换
①It
was
really
annoying；I
couldn't
get
access
to
the
data
bank
you
had
recommended.
②Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is
accessible
(access)
to
children.
③Citizens
may
have
free
access
to
the
library.
→The
library
may
be
accessible
to
citizens
for
free.
4
派生词：designer
n.
设计者；设计师
(教材P52)He
designed
the
first
“web
browser”，
which
allowed
computer
users
to
access
documents
from
other
computers.
他设计出了第一个“网站浏览器”，允许电脑用户可以从其他电脑上获取文件。
[归纳拓展]
(1)design...for...为……而设计……
be
designed
for.../to
do...专为……设计的；目的是……
be
designed
as
作为……而被设计
(2)by
design
有意地，故意地
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)They
pump
out
perfumes
designed
to
attract
different
insects
who
are
natural
enemies
to
the
attackers.
它们散发香味以吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫是袭击者的天敌。
[经典例句]
This
course
of
study
is
designed
to
help
those
wishing
to
teach
abroad.
这个学习课程是为帮助那些想在国外教学的人而设计的。
We
don't
know
whether
it
was
done
by
accident
or
by
design.
我们不知道这是无心之举还是有意为之。
This
piece
of
land
is
designed
as
a
garden.
这块地预定建花园用。
[语境串记]
I
like
the
design
of
the
suit,
which
was
designed
by
a
famous
designer.
我喜欢这身套装的设计，它是由一位著名的设计师设计的。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①This
entrance
has
been
specially
designed
for
people
in
wheelchairs.
②The
weekend
party
was
designed
to
bring
(bring)
the
two
old
men
together.
③This
is
a
very
beautiful
house,
designed
(design)
for
his
parents.
5
词根：permit
v.
许可；允许
(教材P53)You
need
permission
from
the
World
Wide
Web
before
you
can
access
information.
在你获取(网站上的)信息之前，需要得到万维网的许可。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·江苏)It's
strange
that
he
should
have
taken
the
books
without
the
owner's
permission.
奇怪的是，他竟然未经主人同意就拿走了那些书。
[经典例句]
You
must
ask
(for)
permission
before
taking
any
photos
inside
the
hall.
必须申请批准方可在大厅内拍照。
He
entered
the
room
without
permission.
他未经许可就进入了房间。
Passengers
are
permitted
to
carry
only
one
piece
of
hand
luggage
onto
the
plane.
乘客只被允许携带一件手提行李登机。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①No
one
could
take
photos
here
without
permission
(permit)．
②Weather
permitting
(permit),
we
will
go
out
for
a
walk.
③I'm
afraid
I
cannot
permit
you
to
smoke
at
such
an
early
age.
恐怕我不会允许你这么小就吸烟。
④We
don't
permit
using
mobile
phones
in
the
classroom.
我们不允许在教室使用手机。
1
(教材P52)It
consists
of
millions
of
pages
of
data.
它由数百万页的数据组成。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·天津)Most
are
also
equipped
with
automatic
fire
alarm
systems
consisting
of
heat
detectors,
smoke
detectors
and
sprinklers.
大部分(校园建筑)还配有自动火灾预警系统，此系统由感温探测器、烟雾探测器和自动喷洒装置组成。
[经典例句]
Happiness
doesn't
consist
in
how
much
money
you
have.
幸福不在于你有多少钱。
His
actions
do
not
consist
with
his
words.
他言行不一。
[名师点津]
consist
of一般不用于进行时，也不用被动语态；其非谓语动词应用现在分词形式。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/一句多译
①The
beauty
of
the
picture
consists
in
its
balance
of
colors.
②As
we
all
know,
theory
should
consist
with
practice.
③这支医疗队由十名医生和二十名护士组成。
→The
medical
team
is
made
up
of
ten
doctors
and
twenty
nurses.
→The
medical
team
consists
of
ten
doctors
and
twenty
nurses.
→Ten
doctors
and
twenty
nurses
make
up
the
medical
team.
2
become
known
as
?＝be
known
as?作为……而出名，被称作……；叫作……
(教材P52)NSFNET
became
known
as
the
Inter?Network,
or
“Internet”．
NSFNET作为“互联网络”或者“因特网”而闻名。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)What
the
plants
pump
through
the
air
is
a
mixture
of
chemicals
known
as
volatile
organic
compounds,
VOCs
for
short.
植物通过空气传播的是一种叫作挥发性有机化合物的混合物，简称VOCs。
[经典例句]
The
Great
Wall
is
known
for
its
long
history
and
its
magnificence.
长城以其悠久的历史和其雄伟壮丽而著名。
It
is
known
to
all
that
China
is
a
country
with
the
largest
population
in
the
world.
众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
[即学即练]用适当的介词填空
①Lu
Xun
is
known
as
“the
Gorky
in
China”.
②New
York
is
famous
for
its
high
buildings.
③The
young
man
is
known
as
a
singer
and
he
is
mostly
known
for
singing
popular
songs
which
are
known
to
many
teenagers.
3
go
down下降，降低，下去；?船?沉没，下沉；?太阳、月亮?落下；?风量?减弱，减小
(教材P52)At
the
moment,
about
80
percent
of
web
traffic
is
in
English,
but
this
percentage
is
going
down.
目前，大约80%的网络传输都使用英语，但这一比例正在下降。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2009·四川)Pedestrian
deaths
went
down
by
12%
from
5,449
in
1996
to
4,784
in
2006.
行人死亡率下降了12%，从1996年的5
449下降到2006年的4
784。
[经典例句]
We
won't
go
until
the
wind
goes
down.
我们等到风势减弱再走。
Go
over
your
homework
before
you
hand
it
in.
把作业仔细检查后再交。
The
old
man
went
through
the
World
War
Ⅱ.
那个老人经历了第二次世界大战。
[即学即练]用go短语完成句子
①Prices
of
fruit
and
vegetables
have
already
gone
up.
水果和蔬菜的价格已经上涨了。
②Ten
men
died
when
the
ship
went
down.
船沉没时死了十个人。
③He
would
never
force
her
to
go
against
her
principle.
他从不强迫她违背她自己的原则。
4
(教材P52)He
came
up
with
the
idea
of
the
World
Wide
Web
in
1989
while
he
was
working
in
Switzerland.
1989年他在瑞士工作时，提出了万维网的构想。
[归纳拓展]
come
up
发生；被提及，被讨论；走近，靠近；?太阳、月亮?升起；出现
come
across
偶然碰到；偶然发现；理解，弄懂
come
out
出版；开花；发芽；显露；结果是
[品读高考]
(2016·北京)Our
class
came
up
with
the
idea
to
make
better
use
of
used
materials.
我们班想出了更好利用旧材料的主意。
[经典例句]
She
came
across
some
old
photographs
in
a
drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
The
roses
came
out
early
this
year.
玫瑰花今年开得早。
Something
unexpected
came
up
at
the
meeting
that
day.
那天会上出现了意想不到的事情。
It
is
said
that
her
new
album
will
come
out
next
month.
据说她的新专辑下个月发行。
[名师点津]
come
up
with是及物动词短语，主语一般是人；come
up是不及物动词短语，无被动语态。
[即学即练]用适当的介副词填空
①Several
of
the
members
came
up
with
suggestions
of
their
own.
②Some
magazines
come
out
monthly.
③I
came
across
an
old
school
friend
in
Oxford
Street
this
morning.
④A
new
suggestion
came
up
at
the
meeting.
(教材P52)Berners?Lee
made
it
possible
for
everyone
to
use
the
Internet，not
just
universities
and
the
army.
贝尔纳斯·李使每个人使用因特网成了可能，而不仅仅局限于大学和军队。
本句中make
it
possible为make后跟复合宾语结构。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，而possible是宾语补足语。
[归纳拓展]
当make，
think，
find，
feel，
consider等动词后面是不定式或从句作宾语，并且宾语带有补语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语置于宾补后，构成句式：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。
[品读高考]
(2012·四川)New
technologies
have
made
it
possible
to
turn
out
new
products
faster
and
at
a
lower
cost.
新的技术已经让以更低的成本更快地生产出新的产品成为可能。
[经典例句]
We
must
make
it
clear
to
the
public
that
something
should
be
done
to
stop
pollution.
我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
No
matter
where
he
is，he
makes
it
a
rule
to
go
for
a
walk
before
breakfast.
不管他在哪里，他都定下规矩——早饭之前去散步。
We
thought
it
wrong
that
the
child
should
be
left
alone
in
the
house.
我们认为把孩子独自一人留在家里是错误的。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
Internet
makes
it
possible
to
share
(share)
the
latest
news.
②I
think
it
my
duty
to
help
her.
③People
find
it
important
to
protect
wildlife.
人们发现保护野生生物非常重要。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We
can't
sell
tickets
for
the
moment
because
of
a
computer
b
reakdown.
2.We've
collected
lots
of
d
ata
to
get
ready
for
this
experiment.
3．Do
you
know
how
to
l
og
in
to
the
system?
4．The
wealth
of
society
is
c
reated
by
the
working
people.
5．Without
the
p
ermission
of
the
police,
no
one
can
enter
this
area.
6．The
book
contains
(包含)
plenty
of
information
on
how
to
plant
flowers.
7．Humor
is
a
more
effective
defence
(防御)
than
violence.
8．The
newly?built
school
library
will
be
a
useful
source
(来源)
of
information
for
us.
9．This
kind
of
stamp
is
designed
(设计)
by
some
students
who
are
learning
art
at
our
university.
10．Disabled
visitors
are
welcome;
there
is
good
wheelchair
access
(通道)
to
most
facilities.
Ⅱ.用方框中短语的适当形式填空
consist
of；
click
on；
as
well；become
known
as；log
off；
go
down；come
up
with；at
the
moment；
from
that
moment
on；log
on
1．He
decided
to
buy
a
house
in
downtown
and
from
that
moment
on，he
has
been
working
day
and
night
to
earn
money.
2．Mary
sings
beautifully
and
plays
the
piano
as
well.
3．She
became
known
as
a
student
singer
when
she
was
a
middle
school
student.
4．The
teacher
asked
a
difficult
question，but
finally
Tony
came
up
with
a
good
answer.
5．He
received
a
set
of
china
consisting
of
sixty
pieces.
6．The
house
price
in
the
city
has
gone
down
recently.
7．More
and
more
people
log
on
to
their
Facebook
page
to
chat
with
strangers
from
all
over
the
world.
8．He
does
not
want
any
orange
juice
at
the
moment.
9.If
you
click
on
Courseware
you
will
get
to
the
menu.
10．Please
save
all
the
work
in
progress
and
log
off.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．While
he
was
doing
his
homework,
he
fell
asleep.
→
While
doing
his
homework,
he
fell
asleep.
2．The
people
here
eat
with
their
left
hands.
→The
people
here
eat
using
their
left
hands.
3．I
think
that
it
is
necessary
for
you
to
learn
English
well.
→
I
think
it
necessary
for
you
to
learn
English
well.
4．The
dish
is
mainly
made
up
of
rice
and
vegetables.
→The
dish
mainly
consists
of
rice
and
vegetables.
5．I'd
like
a
cup
of
tea
and
a
glass
of
fruit
juice
too.
→I'd
like
a
cup
of
tea
and
a
glass
of
fruit
juice
as
well.
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