Module
4
A
Social
Survey
--
My
Neighbourhood
Section
Ⅳ Writing——介绍一个地区
一、写作要领
介绍一个地区属于说明文的范畴，写此类文章需注意以下几个方面：
1．内容：一般包括该地区的地理位置、地貌特征、历史文化、风土人情等，也可以描述该地区的发展变化。
2．结构：写作时可分为三部分：开头部分对该地区进行简单概括；主体部分详细介绍其特点；结尾部分对该地区进行总体评价。
3．顺序：可以由总体到局部，由远及近，按时间、空间或逻辑顺序来描述。
4．时态：如果对该地区进行一些客观描写及主观发挥，一般以现在时为主；如果对比过去则用过去时；展望未来则可以用将来时。
二、增分佳句
1．Our
hometown
is
located
in
the
middle
of
Shandong
Province.
我们的家乡位于山东省中部。
2．Our
school,
which
takes
up
63,000
square
meters,
is
the
largest
one
in
size.
我们学校占地63
000平方米，是面积最大的一所学校。
3．The
square
is
2,000
meters
long/in
length
and
1,500
meters
wide/in
width.
这个广场2
000米长，1
500米宽。
4．It
has
a
population
of
about
200
thousand.
它拥有约20万人口。
5．In
the
center
of
the
city
lies
a
beautiful
park
where
you
can
relax
yourself
after
work.
在市中心有一个美丽的公园，在那里你可以工作后放松自己。
6．This
is
a
village
with
a
long
history,
but
it
has
changed
a
lot
in
the
past
decades.
这是一个拥有悠久历史的村庄，但过去几十年它已经改变了许多。
7．The
attractive
and
fascinating
views
in
this
country
attract
lots
of
tourists
all
over
the
world
every
year.
这个国家具有吸引力的、迷人的风景每年都会吸引全世界的很多游客。
8．The
best
time
to
visit
Beijing
is
autumn,
when
the
weather
is
neither
too
hot
or
too
cold.
参观北京最好的季节是秋季，那时天气既不太热也不太冷。
最近，中学生双语报向学生征文，主题为“New
Look
of
My
Hometown”。请你根据以下内容提示，用英语为该报写一篇短文，介绍家乡的情况并发表自己的看法。
1．位于福建东北部；
2．气候温暖多雨，常年绿树成荫；
3．近年来经济发展迅速，城市面貌焕然一新，高楼林立，道路宽阔，环境优美；
4．人民生活条件不断改善，不少人能买得起新房，拥有了私家车。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
分析
体裁
说明文
主题
介绍家乡新貌
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
结构
第一部分：介绍家乡的位置、环境和气候；第二部分：介绍家乡经济发展状况；第三部分：展望未来，美好祝愿。
1.用词
(1)
hometown
家乡
(2)
gorgeous
美丽的；宜人的
(3)
afford
买得起；有能力支付
(4)
fascinating
迷人的；吸引人的
(5)
attractive
有吸引力的；吸引人的
(6)
put_up
修建
2．造句
(1)我的家乡位于福建省东北部。
My
hometown
is
in
the
northeast
of
Fujian.
(2)它是一座美丽宜人的城市。
It
is
a
gorgeous
city.
(3)近年来，该市的经济发展迅速。
In
recent
years,
the
economy
of
the
city
has
developed
rapidly.
(4)这座城市发生了许多变化。
There
have
been
a
great
many
changes
in
the
city.
(5)高楼大厦被建起来了，道路加宽了，周围的环境越来越迷人。
High?rise
buildings
have
been
put
up,_roads
have
been
widen
and
the
surroundings
are
more
and
more
fascinating.
(6)用名词充当同位语合并(1)和(2)句
My_hometown,_a_gorgeous_city,_is_in_the_northeast_of_Fujian.
(7)用where引导的定语从句合并(4)和(5)句
There_have_been_a_great_many_changes_in_the_city,_where_high?rise_buildings_have_been_put_up,_roads_have_been_widen_and_the_surroundings_are_more_and_more_fascinating.
3．成篇
My
hometown,
a
gorgeous
city,
is
in
the
northeast
of
Fujian.
The
climate
here
is
warm
with
plenty
of
rain.
There
are
green
trees
and
beautiful
flowers
all
the
year
around.
In
recent
years,
the
economy
of
the
city
has
developed
rapidly.
There
have
been
a
great
many
changes
in
the
city,
where
high?rise
buildings
have
been
put
up,
roads
have
been
widen
and
the
surroundings
are
more
and
more
fascinating.
People's
living
conditions
are
improving
day
by
day.
Many
people
can
afford
to
buy
new
apartments
and
they
also
have
cars
of
their
own.
I'm
convinced
that
people
in
my
hometown
will
work
even
harder
to
make
my
hometown
more
attractive
and
our
life
happier.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
4
A
Social
Survey
--
My
Neighbourhood
Section
Ⅱ Grammar——现在完成时
[语法图解]
[课文原句感知]
①It's
been
six
years
since
we
last
saw
each
other,
you
know.
②And
this
is
the
first
time
I've
visited
your
hometown.
③I've
seen
quite
a
lot
of
China
and
I've
visited
some
beautiful
cities.
④But
this
is
one
of
the
most
attractive
places
I've
been
to.
⑤They've
put
up
a
lot
of
high?rise
buildings
recently.
⑥My
wife's
just
bought
a
beautiful
dress
from
one
of
the
shops
there.
⑦Xiao
Li
has
lived
in
Xiamen
all
his
life.
⑧The
family
have
lived
in
the
town
for
twenty
years.
⑨Up
to
now,
I've
understood
everything
the
teacher
said.
⑩He
has
gone
to
the
Great
Wall.
[语法领悟]
(1)现在完成时的构成是：
have/has＋过去分词。
(2)由例句①可知，现在完成时可与
since引导的时间状语从句连用。
(3)由例句⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨可知，现在完成时可与时间状语
recently,_just,_all
his
life,
for_twenty_years,_up_to_now连用。
(4)由例句④和⑩可知，
have/has_been_to表示“曾经去过(某地)”；
have/has_gone_to表示“已经去了(某地)，去而未归”。
一、现在完成时的构成
肯定句
主语＋have/has＋过去分词
否定句
主语＋have/has
not＋过去分词
疑问句
Have/Has＋主语＋过去分词
被动句
主语＋have/has
been＋过去分词
[即学即练1]按要求改写句子
They
have
built
another
hospital
in
the
area.
→They
haven't
built
another
hospital
in
the
area,
yet.(否定句)
→
Have
they
built
another
hospital
in
the
area？(疑问句)
→Another
hospital
has
been
built
(by
them)
in
the
area.(被动句)
二、现在完成时的用法
(一)现在完成时的3个主要用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与recently,
before,
lately,
just,
already,
yet,
so
far,
up
to
now,
till
now,
in
the
past/last...years,
these
days等时间状语连用。
—Have
you
had
lunch
yet?
——你(已经)吃午饭了吗？
—Yes，I
have.
I've
just
had
it.
——是的，我吃了。我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)
He
has
been
there
three
times
in
the
last
few
years.
近几年他去过那里三次了。
2．表示动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用如：for＋一段时间，since＋过去时间点，since
then,
ever
since,
up
to
now,
so
far等。
Mr
Wang
has
worked
in
this
factory
since
he
came
to
this
city.
自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。
She
has
taught
in
the
school
for
ten
years.
她在这所学校教书已经10年了。
[名师点津]
在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come,
go,
leave,
borrow,
buy,
die,
join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。
I
have
bought
a
new
car
for
two
weeks.(×)
I
have
had
a
new
car
for
two
weeks.(√)
我买了这辆新车已经两周了。
3．在时间、条件状语从句中可用现在完成时表将来要完成的动作。
Don't
get
off
the
bus
until
it
has
stopped.
直到公交车停下才能下车。
He
will
come
as
soon
as
he
has
finished
his
work.
他一做完工作就会来。
(二)现在完成时的三个常用句型
1．It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时“自从……以来多久了”
It
is/has
been
two
weeks
since
we
arrived
here.
自从我们到这里已经有两星期了。
2．This/It
is
the
first/second...time(that)＋现在完成时“这是某人第一/二……次做某事”
It
is
the
third
time
that
I
have
seen
the
film.
这是我第三次看这部电影了。
3．在“This/It
is
the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”结构中，that引导的宾语从句要用现在完成时态。
This
is
the
best
book
that
I
have
read.
这是我看过的最好的书。
[即学即练2]
(1)选词填空：for,
since
①My
aunt
has
worked
in
Australia
for
15
years.
②Margaret
is
in
her
office.
She
has
been
there
since
7
o'clock.
③Mike
has
been
ill
for
a
long
time.
He
has
been
in
hospital
since
October.
(2)单句语法填空
①Jim
has_finished
(finish)
his
homework
already.
He
is
free
now.
②Don't
get
out
of
the
room
until
the
rain
has_stopped
(stop)．
③We
have_stayed
(stay)
here
for
three
weeks.
三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1．现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，落脚点是现在。
He
has
lived
in
Beijing
for
four
years.
他在北京住了四年了。(可能继续住下去)
2．一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如
yesterday，last
year，in
the
past，ago等。
He
lived
in
Beijing
for
four
years.
他在北京住过四年。(现在已经不在那里住了)
[即学即练3]对比翻译
1．我们参观过这所学校。(说明现在对这所学校有所了解)
We_have_visited_the_school.
2．我们上周参观了这所学校。(只说明上周参观学校这个动作)
We_visited_the_school_last_week.
3．她在这所学校任教20年了。(可能刚调走，还可能继续教下去)
She_has_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.
4．她曾在这所学校任教20年。(现在已经不在那里任教了)
She_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.
链接高考——单句语法填空
1．(2018·北京)China's
high?speed
railways
have_grown
(grow)
from
9,000
to
25,000
kilometers
in
the
past
few
years.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Since
2011，the
country
has_grown
(grow)
more
corn
than
rice.
3．(2018·浙江)While
regularly
eating
out
seems
to
have_become
(become)
common
for
many
young
people
in
recent
years,
it's
not
without
a
cost.
4．(2016·北京)I
have_read
(read)
half
of
the
English
novel,
and
I'll
try
to
finish
it
at
the
weekend.
5．(2014·江苏)—How
much
do
you
know
about
the
Youth
Olympic
Games
to
be
held
in
Nanjing?
—Well,
the
media
have_covered
(cover)
it
in
a
variety
of
forms.
6．(2013·北京)Shakespeare's
play
Hamlet
has_been_made
(make)
into
at
least
ten
different
films
over
the
past
years.
7．(2013·山东)—Oh
no!
We're
too
late.
The
train
has_left
(leave)．
—That's
OK.
We'll
catch
the
next
train
to
London.
8．(2013·浙江)During
the
last
three
decades,
the
number
of
people
participating
in
physical
fitness
programs
has_increased
(increase)
sharply.
9．(2013·湖南)—Have
you
heard
about
the
recent
election?
—Sure,
it
has_been
(be)
the
only
thing
on
the
news
for
the
last
three
days.
10．(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)When
I
first
met
Bryan
I
didn't
like
him,
but
I
have_changed
(change)
my
mind.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
4 A
Social
Survey—My
Neighbourhood
The
city
Xiamen
Xiamen,
one
of
China's
famous
Garden
Cities,
is
considered
as
one
of
the
most
livable
places
in
China—yet
most
tourists
are
from
China
itself.
But
that's
about
to
change.
On
the
car?free
island
of
Gulangyu,
the
most
famous
attraction
of
the
city,
visitors
come
here
for
its
almost
one
thousand
historical
buildings.
In
fact,
Gulangyu
had
a
lively
European
community
by
the
turn
of
the
20th
century.
Today,
visitors
always
like
to
walk
the
winding
roads
and
enjoy
the
special
Fujian?style
buildings.
Much
of
Xiamen's
beauty
lies
in
its
ordinary
local
life.
Early
in
the
morning,
lose
yourself
in
the
busy
English
Market,
the
city's
largest
and
oldest
open?air
market,
Among
all
kinds
of
fresh
vegetables
and
fish,
you'll
find
some
street
food
like
the
local
breakfast.
Walk
along
the
Railway
Cultural
Park,
and
you'll
see
a
tunnel
with
the
display
about
the
history
of
Chinese
railways.
Further
south,
at
the
base
of
the
Botanical
Garden,
don't
miss
the
old
Nanputuo
Temple.
With
more
than
20
wooden
buildings
standing
on
the
side
of
a
hill,
this
Buddhist
complex
(建筑群)
draws
visitors
from
around
the
country.
You
can
eat
at
the
small
restaurants
on
sites,
which
serve
traditional
local
vegan
dishes.
Xiamen's
more
welcoming
and
slower
pace
of
life
is
attracting
people
from
Beijing
and
Shanghai,
too.
Echo
Zheng,
who
runs
her
own
fashion
label
Qing
Yi,
recently
have
prepared
for
a
photo
exhibition
in
her
own
showroom
that
displays
hand?stitched
(手工缝制的)
clothes
inspired
by
traditional
costume.
“I
like
to
be
absorbed
in
getting
inspiration，”
she
said.
“In
Xiamen,
there's
so
much
beauty
and
nature,
so
you
can
actually
think
clearly.”
Her
customers,
however,
are
still
mostly
from
Beijing
and
Shanghai.
Is
she
worried
that
running
her
boutique
in
Xiamen
could
have
a
bad
effect
on
her
work?
No.
“All
my
customers
also
love
coming
to
Xiamen，”
she
said.
开启快乐学习之旅
“城在海上，
海在城中”，厦门是一座风姿绰约的“海上花园”。厦门自然风光优美，城市环境整洁，是我国著名的旅游城市。
阅读助手：
1．historical
adj.
历史的
2．community
n.
社区
3．winding
adj.
弯曲的
4．lie
in
在于
5．tunnel
n.
隧道
6．display
n.
展览
7．vegan
dish
素食菜肴
8．fashion
n.
时尚；时装
9．costume
n.
服饰
10．be
absorbed
in
专心于
11．actually
adv.
实际上
12．have
a
bad
effect
on
对……有坏影响
模块核心素养导航
SectionⅠ Introduction
&
Reading
and
Speaking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．survey
n.
调查
2．local
adj.
地方的；局部的
3．sound
vi.
听起来
4．bother
vt.
打扰；烦扰；麻烦
5．rent
n.
租金
6．district
n.
地域；区域；行政区
7．approach
vt.
接近
8．harbour
n.
海港
9．park
vt.
停车
10.
neighbourhood
n.
四邻；街坊→
neighbour
n.
邻居
11.
suburb
n.
城郊；郊区→
suburban
adj.
郊区的
12.
attractive
adj.
有吸引力的；吸引人的→
attract
v.
吸引→
attraction
n.
吸引；爱慕；名胜
13.
fortunate
adj.
幸运的；吉祥的→
fortunately
adv.
幸运地→
unfortunately
adv.
不幸地
14.
tourist
n.
旅游者；观光客→
tour
v.
观光，旅游→
tourism
n.
旅游业
15.
architecture
n.
建筑→
architect
n.
建筑师
16.
starve
vi.
饿死→
starvation
n.
挨饿；饿死
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.
in_the_northeast_of 在……东北部
2.
be_made_of
由……制成
3.
put_up
修建；张贴
4.
walk_around
四处走走
5.
for_a_while
一会儿
6.
over_there
在那边
7.
go_for_a_walk
去散步
8．apartment
block
公寓楼
9．high?rise
building
摩天大厦
10．on
the
third
floor
在三楼
11．on
the
coast
在沿海；在海岸上
12．by
the
seaside
在海边
13．shopping
mall
购物商场
14．shopping
centre
购物中心
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．你知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。
It's
been
six
years
since
we
last
saw
each
other,
you
know.
2．而且这是我第一次来到你的家乡。
And
this
is
the
first
time
I've
visited
your
hometown.
3．气候怎么样？
What's
the
climate
like?
课文预读
译文助读
一座有活力的城市
(XL＝小李，JM＝约翰·马丁)
小李：约翰，很高兴又见到你了。
约翰：见到你真是太好了！你知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了，而且这是我第一次来到你的家乡。
小李：是的，你能来，我真是很高兴。
约翰：你知道，我去过中国很多地方，游览过一些美丽的城市，但这里是我到过的最有吸引力的地方之一。它如此生机勃勃，人们看上去都那么友好。
小李：是的，大家都说这是最富有趣味的沿海城市之一。生活在这里我感到很幸运。我喜欢在海边生活。
约翰：你住在厦门的西北部，对吗？
小李：是的。
约翰：这里气候怎么样？
小李：夏天相当热、相当潮湿，可是冬天会很冷。
约翰：对我来说听起来挺好。这里到处都是游客。他们对你们没有干扰吗？
小李：是的，游客太多了，夏天他们会有点讨厌。
约翰：哦，看看那栋高大的公寓楼！小李：是啊，它是刚刚完工的。租一套那儿的公寓要不少钱呢。
约翰：这我相信！这是一个现代化的地方啊！
小李：对，这是商业区。最近，他们建造了许多摩天大厦，也有一些大商场。瞧，我们正好经过一个商厦。我太太刚从那边的一家店里买了件衣服，好漂亮。
约翰：也许我可以去那儿买些礼物。
小李：明天我带你去那儿吧。现在我们正离开商业区去港口。我们即将进入西区，也就是这个城市最有趣的地区。那儿有一些非常漂亮的公园……
约翰：看上去很不错。水那边是鼓浪屿海岛吗？
小李：是的。那是个美丽宜人的海岛，岛上有一些非常有趣的建筑。
约翰：他们也是这么跟我说的。你觉得我们可以停下来逗留一会儿吗？
小李：可以啊，我正想这么做呢。我们可以在那边停车。有个朋友跟我说起过，这附近有一家很不错的渔家小饭馆。我们去那里吃午餐怎么样？
约翰：听起来不错。我快饿死了！
课文理解
StepⅠ
Fast
reading
1．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
It
mainly
tells
us
some_information_about_Xiamen.
2．Match
the
following
parts
with
their
main
ideas.
Part
1(Paras.1—7) A．They
are
discussing
the
climate
of
Xiamen.
Part
2(Paras.8—11)
B．They
are
discussing
the
harbour,
parks
and
island.
Part
3(Paras.12—16)
C．They
are
discussing
the
buildings
and
shopping
malls.
Part
4(Paras.17—22)
D．John
Martin
is
visiting
Xiao
Li's
hometown,
Xiamen.
答案：Part
1—D；Part
2—A；Part
3—C；Part
4—B
StepⅡ
Careful
reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1．Where
is
the
most
wonderful
part
of
the
city?
A．In
the
western
district.
B．In
the
eastern
district.
C．In
the
Gulangyu
Island.
D．In
the
northern
district.
答案：A
2．Which
sentence
is
RIGHT
from
the
text?
A．Xiao
Li
and
John
haven't
seen
each
other
for
6
years.
B．There
are
so
many
tourists
in
autumn.
C．Xiao
Li's
hometown
is
an
old
city
that
is
no
apartment
block.
D．John
doesn't
like
eating
fish.
答案：A
3．The
following
statements
are
what
John
Martin
thinks
of
Xiamen
EXCEPT
________.
A．being
fortunate
B．being
lively
C．being
interesting
D．being
attractive
答案：A
4．We
can
know
from
the
text
that
________.
A．there
are
a
lot
of
fish
in
the
sea
B．tourists
may
annoy
local
people
C．the
weather
there
is
wet
in
winter
D．people
there
like
swimming
in
the
sea
答案：B
5．If
the
dialogue
develops,
what's
the
talking
topic
for
the
dialogue?
A．The
food
of
Xiamen.
B．The
beautiful
scenery
of
Xiamen.
C．The
weather
of
Xiamen.
D．The
touring
industry
of
Xiamen.
答案：A
Step
Ⅲ
After
reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
fill
in
the
following
blanks.
This
is
the
first
time
John
__1__
(visit)
Xiao
Li's
hometown—Xiamen.
He
has
visited
some
beautiful
cities,
but
he
thinks
this
is
one
of
the
__2__
(attract)
places
he's
been
to.
It's
so
lively，and
everyone
seems
so
__3__
(friend).
Everyone
says
it's
one
of
the
most
interesting
cities
__4__
the
coast.
Xiao
Li
says
he
feels
very
fortunate
__5__
(live)
in
Xiamen.
In
fact，he
lives
in
the
northwest
of
Xiamen.
The
climate
there
is
pretty
hot
and
wet
in
the
summer,
__6__
it
can
be
quite
cold
in
the
winter.
Now
they
are
leaving
the
business
district,
__7__
there
are
a
lot
of
high?rise
buildings
and
some
great
shopping
malls
and
__8__
(approach)
the
harbour.
They
see
Gulangyu
Island，just
across
the
water!
It
is
__9__
gorgeous
island
with
some
really
interesting
__10__
(architect).
答案：1.
has_visited 2.
most_attractive 3.
friendly 4.
on 5.
living
6.
but 7.
where 8.
are_approaching 9.
a 10.
architecture
1
词根：attract
vt.
吸引，引起(兴趣，关注等)
派生词：attraction
n.
喜爱，喜欢；吸引力；吸引人的事物
(教材P32)I've
seen
quite
a
lot
of
China
and
I've
visited
some
beautiful
cities,
but
this
is
one
of
the
most
attractive
places
I've
been
to.
我去过中国很多地方，浏览过一些美丽的城市。但这里是我到过的最有吸引力的地方之一。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)This
attractive
tour
takes
you
to
some
of
San
Francisco's
most
cheerful
holiday
scenes.
这个有吸引力的旅程将带你到旧金山一些最令人愉快的假日景点。
[经典例句]
Pandas
are
attractive
to
the
people
in
Taiwan.
大熊猫对台湾人民很有吸引力。
The
student
tried
to
attract
the
teacher's
attention
by
reading
loudly.
这名学生试图通过大声朗读吸引老师的注意。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①Detective
novels
used
to
hold
a
special
attraction
(attractive)
for
me.
②As
a
matter
of
fact,
historical
buildings
are
more
attractive
to
the
majority
of
society.
③The
chairman
clapped
to
attract
our
attention.
主席拍手以吸引我们的注意力。
2
词根：fortune
n.
运气；命运
派生词：fortunately
adv.
幸运地
unfortunately
adv.
不幸地
(教材P32)I
feel
very
fortunate
living
here.
And
I
love
living
by
the
seaside.
我觉得生活在这里很幸运。我喜欢住在海边。
[归纳拓展]
be
fortunate(in)doing/to
do...做……很幸运
It
is
fortunate(for
sb.)to
do/that...(对某人来说)做……是幸运的
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)We
shared
the
belief
that
if
you're
fortunate
enough
to
have
success,
you
should
put
something
back.
我们相信，如果你足够幸运能够取得成功，你应该有所回报。
[经典例句]
It
was
fortunate
that
no
one
was
killed
in
the
accident.
万幸的是事故中无人丧生。
I
feel
fortunate
working
with
you.
能和你一起工作我感到很幸运。
I
was
late,
but
fortunately
the
class
hadn't
started.
我迟到了，不过幸运的是还没有开始上课。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①We
are
fortunate
in
having
(have)
so
good
a
living
condition.
②Ma
Yun
is
fortunate
earning/to_earn
(earn)
much
money.
③
Fortunately
(fortunate),
Natalie's
family
escaped
to
Brooklyn
shortly
before
the
city's
bridges
closed.
3
(教材P32)
Sounds
OK
to
me.
(那)对我来说听起来很好。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2017·北京)The
numbers
might
sound
small,
but
they
are
the
leading
edge
of
a
dangerous
trend.
这些数字可能听起来很小，但它们是危险趋势的前沿。
[经典例句]
His
voice
sounded
strange
on
the
phone.
他的声音在电话里听着挺怪的。
It
sounds
as
if/though
you
are
joking.
Are
you
serious?
听起来好像你在开玩笑。你是认真的吗？
He
came
back
after
several
days,
safe
and
sound.
几天之后，他平安归来。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①It
sounds
(sound)
as
if
you
had
a
great
time
in
London.
②That
sounds
like
a
good
idea.
③
Sounding
(sound)
strange,
this
suggestion
is
turned
down
by
the
bus
driver.
4
(教材P32)There
are
a
lot
of
tourists
around.
Don't
they
bother
you?
(这里)到处都有游客。他们没有烦扰你吧？
[归纳拓展]
(1)bother
to
do
sth.
费心做某事
bother
sb.
about/with
sth.
为某事麻烦某人
(2)Don't
bother.
别费事了；不必了
Sorry
to
bother
you,
but...
很抱歉打扰你，……
[品读高考]
(2017·江苏)Why
bother?
We
can
stay
at
home
and
watch
films
online.
为何要那么麻烦呢？我们可以待在家里，在网上看电影。
[经典例句]
—Shall
I
wait?
——要我等一下吗？
—No,
don't
bother.
——不，不必了。
You'd
better
not
bother
him
with
such
little
affairs.
你最好不要用这样的小事去打扰他。
I
won't
bother
to
do
those
tiring
but
useless
things.
我不想费事做那些累人但无用的事情。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/英译汉
①He
didn't
even
bother
to_say
(say)
thank
you.
②I
am
sorry
to
bother
you
with
all
this.
③I'm
sorry
to
bother
you,
but
could
you
direct
me
to
the
station?
对不起，打扰你了，你能不能告诉我去车站的路呢？
(教材P32)Now
we're
leaving
the
business
district
and
approaching
the
harbour.
现在我们正离开商业区去海港。
[归纳拓展]
an
approach
to...
……的方法；去……的道路
at
the
approach
of
在……将要来到的时候
with
the
approach
of
随着……的临近
[品读高考]
(2018·浙江)But
as
the
200th
anniversary
of
his
birth
approaches,
it
is
possible—and
important
for
our
own
culture—to
understand
how
he
made
himself
a
lasting
one.
然而，随着狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念日的临近，去理解狄更斯何以不朽成为可能，而这对于我们自己的文化有着重要的意义。
[经典例句]
Many
kinds
of
birds
fly
south
at
the
approach
of
winter.
很多鸟在冬天来临之际飞向南方。
All
approaches
to
the
airport
were
blocked
by
the
heavy
traffic.
所有去机场的路都被拥挤的车辆堵住了。
[名师点津]
approach作名词时，后面常跟介词to表示“……的方法”，而way,
method,
means表示“方法”时后面常跟介词of。
[语境串记]
When
he
was
approaching
me
along
the
approach
to
my
home,
I
was
considering
the
best
approach
to
approaching
the
puzzle.
当他沿着通往我家的道路靠近我时，我正在考虑处理那个难题的最好办法。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/句型转换
①
Approaching
(approach)
the
city
center,
we
saw
a
stone
statue
of
about
10
meters
in
height.
②They
presented
a
new
approach
to
learning
(learn)
computer
skills.
③The
leaves
were
turning
yellow
with
autumn
approaching.
→The
leaves
were
turning
yellow
with
the
approach
of
autumn.
(教材P32)They've
put
up
a
lot
of
high?rise
buildings
recently.
最近他们建造了许多摩天大厦。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2016·北京)A
week
before
Earth
Day,
posters
were
put
up
around
our
school,
calling
upon
us
to
join
in
the
actions
for
a
greener
earth.
在地球日的前一周，我们学校四周都张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入为一个更绿色的地球的行动中来。
[经典例句]
Those
who
know
the
answer
to
the
question,
please
put
up
your
hands.
那些知道这个问题答案的人请举手。
The
sports
meeting
has
been
put
off
because
of
the
bad
weather.
由于糟糕的天气，运动会已被取消。
Mary
can
put
down
almost
every
word
her
teacher
says.
玛丽几乎能记下老师说的每一个字。
[即学即练]写出下列句中put
up的含义
①They
plan
to
put
up
a
new
house
in
the
countryside.
建造
②We
daren't
put
prices
up
for
fear
of
losing
our
customers.
提高
③The
exam
results
will
be
put
up
on
Friday
afternoon.
张贴
④They
agreed
to
put
two
foreign
students
up
over
the
summer.
为……提供膳宿
(教材P32)It's
been
six
years
since
we
last
saw
each
other，you
know.
你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经六年了。
It
has
been/is＋一段时间＋since...表示“自从……以来至今已经多久了”，since引导时间状语从句，此句中谓语动词常用一般过去时。若it
was＋一段时间＋since...，则since从句中用过去完成时。
[归纳拓展]
(1)在“It
is/has
been＋一段时间＋since从句”句式中，since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词，意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词，则意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。
(2)It
was/will
be＋一段时间＋before...过了一段时间才……/要过多久才……
It
is/was＋时间点＋when...
……发生在某个时间
[品读高考]
(2011·四川)As
is
reported,
it
is
100
years
since
Qinghua
University
was
founded.
据报道，清华大学建校100年了。
[经典例句]
It
is
already
three
years
since
he
worked
in
this
company，and
now
he
can't
still
find
a
job.
自从他离开这家公司以来已有三年了，现在还没有找到一份工作。
It
was
already
midnight
when
I
returned
home
from
my
office
last
night.
昨天晚上我从办公室回到家时已是半夜了。
John
thinks
it
won't
be
long
before
he
is
ready
for
his
new
job.
约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。
[即学即练]选词填空(since/when/before)
①It
was
quite
some
time
before
I
realized
the
truth.
②It
has
been
20
years
since
he
graduated
from
the
school.
③It
was
5
o'clock
when
he
got
home.
(教材P32)And
this
is
the
first
time
I've
visited
your
hometown.
这是我第一次来你的家乡。
本句为“It/This
is/was
the
first/last...time(that)．..”句式，意为“这是某人第一次/最后一次/第……次做某事”，that可以省略。
[归纳拓展]
(1)It/This
is
the
first/second...time
that＋现在完成时
(2)It/This
was
the
first/second...time
that＋过去完成时
[品读高考]
(2012·陕西)It
is
the
third
time
that
she
has
won
the
race,
which
has
surprised
us
all.
这是她第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们大家都很惊讶。
[经典例句]
This
is
the
first
time
that
Tom
has
visited
the
Great
Wall.
这是汤姆第一次参观长城。
This
was
the
fourth
time
she
had
called
you
in
a
week.
这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①It
is
the
first
time
that
I
have_enjoyed
(enjoy)
myself
so
much.
②It
was
the
third
time
that
she
had_come
(come)
to
this
mountain
village
to
see
the
children.
③She
was
astonished;
this
was
the
first
time
she
had_heard
(hear)
of
such
things.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
thief
ran
away
quickly
when
he
saw
a
policeman
approaching
(接近)．
2．I'm
sorry
to
bother
(打扰)
you.
Could
you
help
me
with
my
work?
3．It
sounds
(听起来)
as
if
it
is
a
good
idea.
4．They
have
made
a
survey
(调查)
of
the
number
of
cars
in
this
city.
5．The
mother
seemed
pretty
(相当)
pleased
with
her
daughter.
6．They
got
lost
in
the
forest
and
s
tarved
to
death.
7．Qingdao
is
so
a
ttractive
that
every
year
a
lot
of
foreign
t
ourists
come
here
for
holidays.
8．Do
you
often
do
something
to
help
the
people
in
your
n
eighbourhood?
9．He
lives
in
the
s
uburb
(郊区)
and
goes
to
work
and
comes
back
home
on
the
subway.
10．The
r
ent
of
the
apartment
in
the
downtown
is
20,000
yuan
every
month.
Ⅱ.用方框中短语的适当形式填空
be
similar
to；
be
attractive
to；
in
the
countryside；
be
made
of；
on
the
coast；
for
a
while；
by
the
seaside；
be
fortunate
in；
put
up；
sound
like
1．A
new
supermarket
will
be
put_up
in
this
city
in
2020.
2．In
the
village,
most
of
the
houses
are_made_of
wood.
3．I
enjoyed
the
sunrise
by_the_seaside.
4．My
new
iPhone
7Plus
is_similar_to
the
one
you
have.
5．Qingdao
is
one
of
the
most
beautiful
cities
on_the_coast.
6．He
hung
around
in
the
office
for_a_while,_feeling
bored.
7．It
isn't
one
year
yet
since
she
went
to
live
in_the_countryside.
8．You
don't
sound_like
a
foreigner
talking
English.
9．Compared
with
those
who
work
in
severely
polluted
cities,
he
is_fortunate_in
working
in
Weihai.
10．Taiwan
Island
is_attractive_to
a
good
many
tourists
for
its
beautiful
scenery.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．He
failed
in
the
driving
test
for
the
third
time.
→This
is
the
third
time
he
has
failed
the
driving
test.
2．He
has
been
in
the
army
for
seven
years.
→
It
has
been
seven
years
since
he
joined
the
army.
3．He
was
eager
to
meet
her
once
again.
→He
starved
for
meeting
her
once
again.
4．As
the
Spring
Festival
approaches,
a
good
many
rural
workers
began
to
return
home.
→
With
the
Spring
Festival
approaching,_a
good
many
rural
workers
began
to
return
home.
5．Fortunately,
my
friend
helped
me
out.
→
It
was
fortunate
that
my
friend
helped
me
out.
PAGE
-
1
-Module
4
A
Social
Survey
--
My
Neighbourhood
Section
Ⅲ
Integrating
Skills
&
Cultural
Corner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．household
n.
家属；家人
2．gallery
n.
美术馆；画廊
3．exchange
vt.
交换
4．afford
vt.
买得起；有能力支付
5．contact
vt.
联络；联系(某人)；接触
6.
organization
n．组织→
organize
v.
组织
7.
unemployed
adj.
失业的；没有工作的→
unemployment
n．失业→
employ
v．雇用→
employment
n.
就业；工作；职业
8.
occupation
n．职业→
occupational
adj.
职业的→
occupy
vt.
占用；使忙于
9.
professional
adj.专业的→
profession
n．专业，职业
10.
fascinating
adj.迷人的；吸引人的→
fascinate
vt.使着迷→
fascination
n．迷人，诱人
11.
survive
vi.
死里逃生；大难不死→
survival
n．幸存→
survivor
n．幸存者
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.
pay_back 偿还
2.
so_far/up_to_now/till_now
到目前/现在为止
3.
get_away_from
摆脱
4.
a_great_many/a_number_of
许多；大量
5.
as_a_result
结果
6.
make_it
确定；成功
7.
go_up
上升
8．all
one's
life
某人的一生
9．neighbourhood
committee
社区居委会
10．on
the
committee
在委员会任职
11．listening
skill
听力技能
12．the
beauty
of
nature
大自然的美丽
13．at
weekends
在周末
14．make
money
赚钱
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．但是有时候我需要乡村的祥和宁静。
But
there
are
times
when
I
need
the
peace
and
quiet
of
the
countryside.
2．城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。
Cities
are
interesting,
and
they
can
be
beautiful,
but
they
are
never
beautiful
in
the
way
that
the
countryside
is
beautiful.
3．另一个问题是农民通过农场来赚钱正变得越来越难。
Another
problem
is
that
it
is
becoming
more
and
more
difficult
for
farmers
to
make
money
from
their
farms.
4．没有它们，乡村将会是一个更悲凉、更丑陋的地方。
The
countryside
would
be
a
sadder
and
uglier
place
without
them.
课文预读
译文助读
在西欧的一些国家，比如法国、西班牙和英国，农村正在发生变化。许多村庄的生活变得困难，并且有些村庄正在消失。这其中有很多原因。首先，村子里的年轻人通常想住在更具有活力的地方，他们常常搬到城镇不再回来。其次，人们搬到城里去找工作，因为乡下就业机会通常很少。有时一些村庄留存下来，因为城里的人在村子里买下“第二个家”，他们来这里度周末。房价上涨，这个地区的人们在那儿买不起房子。另一个问题是农民通过农场来赚钱正变得越来越难。因此他们把地卖掉另找工作。
所有的这些事情意味着西欧的许多村庄正挣扎着以生存下去。我们只希望它们会延续下来。没有了它们，乡下将会是更悲凉、更丑陋的地方。
课文理解
Step
Ⅰ
Fast
reading
Look
through
the
passage
quickly
and
decide
if
the
statements
are
true
or
false.
1．Two
reasons
are
mentioned
in
the
passage
why
some
villages
are
disappearing.( F )
2．It's
becoming
more
and
more
difficult
for
farmers
to
make
money
from
their
farms
in
western
Europe.( T )
3．Sometimes
villages
remain
because
the
government
offers
help
to
build
villages.( F )
4．According
to
the
passage,
many
farmers
are
living
a
hard
life.( T )
Step
Ⅱ
Careful
reading
Read
the
text
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1．What's
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A．The
Country
Is
Changing
B．Looking
for
Jobs
C．Villages—Ideal
Places
to
Live
D．The
Life
of
the
Countryside
and
Town
答案：A
2．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
the
reason—why
some
villages
are
disappearing?
A．People
go
to
the
cities
to
find
work
and
never
return.
B．Young
people
leave
their
villages
for
more
suitable
life.
C．The
price
goes
up
and
people
can't
afford
to
buy
houses.
D．Many
farmers
sell
their
land
to
find
another
job.
答案：C
3．Why
do
some
of
the
urban
people
choose
to
live
in
the
villages?
A．Because
they
want
to
live
there
at
weekends.
B．Because
they
can't
afford
to
buy
houses
in
the
city.
C．Because
they
were
born
in
the
countryside.
D．Because
they
want
the
villages
to
remain.
答案：B
4．The
writers
hopes
farmers
remain
because
he
is
worried
that
________.
A．they
can't
afford
to
buy
houses
B．the
countryside
will
become
worse
C．they
make
less
money
from
their
farms
D．they
have
no
place
to
live
in
答案：B
5．The
word
“them”
in
the
last
paragraph
refers
to
________.
A．young
people
B．villagers
C．city
people
D．villages
答案：D
6．What's
the
attitude
of
the
writer
towards
the
problems
of
villages?
A．Optimistic.
B．Concerned.
C．Objective.
D．Hopeless.
答案：B
Step
Ⅲ
After
reading
In
some
countries
in
western
Europe，the
countryside
__1__
(change).
Life
has
become
difficult
for
many
__2__
(village)，and
some
are
disappearing.
There
are
__3__
number
of
reasons
for
this.
Firstly,
young
people
want
to
live
somewhere
__4__
(lively)
and
they
often
move
to
the
towns
and
do
not
return.
Secondly,
there
__5__
(be)
very
few
jobs
in
the
countryside.
Another
problem
is
that
it
is
becoming
more
and
more
difficult
for
farmers
__6__
(make)
money
from
their
farms.
Sometimes
villages
remain
__7__
people
from
the
cities
have
bought
houses
in
the
village，which
they
come
to
live
in
__8__
weekends.
The
price
of
houses
__9__
(go)
up
in
the
city
__10__
people
from
the
area
can't
afford
one.
答案：1.
is_changing 2.
villages 3.
a 4.
livelier 5.
are
6.
to_make 7.
because 8.
at 9.
goes 10.
and
1
(教材P37)There
are
museums,
cinemas,
theatres,
art
galleries,
parks,
coffee
bars,
clubs
and
many
other
places
where
people
can
meet
and
exchange
ideas.
人们可以在博物馆、电影院、剧院、美术馆、公园、咖啡馆、俱乐部以及许多其他的地方见面并交流思想。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2017·浙江高考)Some
immigrant
population
demand
language
skills
in
exchange
for
work
permits.
一些移民人口要求语言技能来交换工作许可证。
[经典例句]
I
shook
hands
and
exchanged
a
few
words
with
the
manager.
我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。
I
am
going
to
travel
abroad，so
I
want
to
exchange
some
RMB
for
dollars
in
the
bank.
我要出国旅游了，所以我想去银行把一些人民币兑换成美金。
[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
①We'll
have
an
opportunity
to
exchange
views
with
the
manager
tomorrow.
②You
can
exchange
your
pounds
for
dollars
in
the
hotel.
③He
offered
to
do
some
cleaning
in
exchange
for
eating
in
our
house.
作为在我们家吃饭的答谢，他会主动做一些清理工作。
2
派生词：affordable
adj.
负担得起的
(教材P39)The
price
of
homes
goes
up
and
people
from
the
area
cannot
afford
to
buy
a
house
there.
房子价格上涨，那一地区的人们在城里买不起房子。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2016·江苏)
She
ran
at
the
school
championships
barefooted
because
she
couldn't
afford
shoes.
她在学校锦标赛上赤脚赛跑，因为她买不起鞋子。
[经典例句]
I
can
afford
neither
the
time
nor
the
money
for
a
trip.
我既没有足够的时间也没有足够的钱去旅行。
I'm
very
busy
this
week
and
can't
afford
to
see
the
film.
这周我很忙，没时间去看那场电影。
The
Internet
affords
many
people
much
pleasure.
网络给许多人带来很大的乐趣。
[名师点津]
afford表示“抽得出(时间)；负担得起，花费得起”时，常与can，could，be
able
to
连用，既可以指有钱也可以指有时间做某事，还常常引申为“承担得起某种后果”，后面可以加名词、代词或不定式。
[即学即练]完成句子
①How
can
you
afford
such
an
expensive
car?
你怎么会买得起如此昂贵的汽车？
②Having
spent
nearly
all
our
money,
we
couldn't
afford
to
stay
at
a
hotel.
我们几乎把钱都花完了，承担不起住旅馆的费用。
survive
vi.
死里逃生；大难不死；幸存
vt.
幸免于；从……中逃生
派生词：survivor
n.
幸存者
survival
n.
幸存
(教材P39)All
these
things
mean
that
many
villages
in
western
Europe
are
fighting
to
survive.
所有这些都意味着西欧许多村庄都在为生存而斗争。
[归纳拓展]
survive
from从……幸存下来；流传下来
survive＋n.
(the
fire/earthquake等)从(火灾、地震等)中生还
survive
sb.
by...比某人多活……
survive
on
sth.靠……继续维持生活
[品读高考]
(2016·浙江)Is
there
any
chance
for
me
to
survive?
我有可能幸存吗？
[经典例句]
Several
buildings
in
the
town
have
survived
from
medieval
times.
这个城镇的几个建筑是从中世纪沿袭下来的。
The
man's
survival
was
surprising，as
the
doctors
thought
he
would
die.
这个人能活下来真是出乎意料，因为医生们认为他会死。
I
don't
know
how
you
all
manage
to
survive
on
your
husband's
salary.
我真不知道你们只靠你丈夫的薪水是怎样生活的。
[名师点津]
survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from或in。
[语境串记]
As
one
of
the
few
survivors
who
luckily
survived
the
ship
crash,
the
little
girl
was
amazed
at
the
survival
of
herself.
作为从船难中逃生的为数不多的幸存者之一，这个小女孩惊叹自己能幸存下来。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①As
far
as
I
know,
the
old
woman
survived
her
husband
by
ten
years.
②After
the
traffic
accident,
the
survivors
(survive)
were
all
badly
injured.
③If
cancers
are
spotted
early,
there's
a
high
chance
of
survival/surviving
(survive)．
4
(教材P40)Contact
your
neighbourhood
committee.
和你的居委会取得联系。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2016·四川)Students
interested
in
working
for
the
Athletic
Department
should
contact
the
Athletic
Coordinator.
有兴趣为体育系工作的学生应与体育协调员联系。
[经典例句]
Have
you
kept
in
contact
with
your
classmates
after
graduation?
你毕业后和同学们还保持联系吗？
I've
lost
contact
with
most
of
my
school
friends.
我已经与大部分校友失去了联系。
You'd
better
get
into
contact
with
him
as
soon
as
possible.
你最好尽快跟他取得联系。
[即学即练]句型转换
①Several
years
ago,
president
Bashar
Assad
got
in
contact
with
Putin
in
Moscow.
→Several
years
ago,
president
Bashar
Assad
made
contact
with
Putin
in
Moscow.
②It
is
several
years
since
graduation,
and
I
have
lost
contact
with
many
classmates.
→It
is
several
years
since
graduation,
and
I
have
been
out
of
contact
with
many
classmates.
1
(教材P37)I
love
cities,
but
there
are
times
when
I
need
to
get
out
into
the
countryside
and
get
away
from
the
noise,
the
dirt
and
the
people.
我热爱城市，但有时我需要去往乡村以逃避喧嚣、灰尘和人群。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)In
the
1960s
we
lived
in
a
remote
village
and
couldn't
get
away
from
home.
在20世纪60年代，我们住在偏远的农村，也无法从家里走出去。
[经典例句]
I
don't
know
why
suddenly
she
kept
away
from
me
a
week
ago.
我不知道她一周前为何突然疏远了我。
The
little
dog
wanted
to
break
away
from
its
master
but
failed.
小狗想挣脱主人但没成功。
[即学即练]选词填空(get
away
from/keep
away
from/
break
away
from)
①You
must
break_away_from
such
bad
habits.
②Susan
is
in
a
bad
temper,
so
you
keep_away_from
her.
③He
couldn't
get_away_from
the
trouble
he
was
in.
2
(教材P39)There
are
a
number
of
reasons
for
this.
这其中有许多原因。
[归纳拓展]
[品读高考]
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Over
the
years,
there
have
been
a
number
of
different
techniques
to
help
designers
approach
this
important
point.
几年期间，已经有许多不同的技术来帮助设计师处理这一重要问题。
[经典例句]
I
bought
a
great(good)many/a
large
number
of
books
on
which
I
spent
all
the
money
that
I
saved.
我买了很多书，这些书花光了我攒的所有钱。
There
is
a
large
amount
of
snow
here
in
winter.
冬天这儿有大量的雪。
The
number
of
people
invited
was
fifty,
but
a
number
of
them
were
absent
for
different
reasons.
被邀请的人的数目是50，但他们中的许多人由于不同的原因没有来。
[名师点津]
(1)a
good/great
many
后面一般不用of，但后接代词或所修饰的名词前有定冠词、指示代词、物主代词等时，要加上of。
(2)a(great/large)number
of意为“许多，大量”，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。the
number
of意为“……的数目”，后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①He
bothered
me
with
a
great
many
questions.
②He
has
spent
a
great
deal
of
money
on
his
new
house.
③A
great
number
of
teachers
are
present
today,
and
the
number
of
them
is
more
than
300.(be)
3
(教材P39)
The
price
of
homes
goes
up
and
people
from
the
area
cannot
afford
to
buy
a
house
there.
房子价格上涨，那一地区的人们在城里买不起房子。
[归纳拓展]
go
down
下降
bring...up
使……上升
bring...down
使……下降
[品读高考]
(2015·重庆)Researchers
in
Britain
found
that
when
French
music
was
played,
sales
of
French
wines
went
up.
英国的研究人员发现，当播放法国音乐时，法国葡萄酒的销量会上升。
[经典例句]
New
office
blocks
are
going
up
everywhere.
到处都在兴建新的办公楼群。
Computers
have
gone
down
in
price.
电脑价格下跌了。
The
government
should
take
measures
to
bring
housing
prices
down.
政府应采取措施降低房价。
[名师点津]
go
up/down
是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。
[即学即练]完成句子/英译汉
①The
cost
has
gone
up
to
$1.95
a
minute.
该项费用已上涨到每分钟1.95美元。
②How
many
do
you
want?
I
can
probably
get
the
owner
to
bring
down
the
price.
你想要多少，我或许可以让卖家降降价格。
③Their
plane
went
down
during
a
training
exercise.
他们的飞机在一次训练中坠毁。
(教材P37)Cities
are
interesting,
and
they
can
be
beautiful,
but
they
are
never
beautiful
in
the
way
that
the
countryside
is
beautiful.
城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。
本句中the
way的后面由that引导定语从句修饰the
way。
[归纳拓展]
?1?当先行词way意为“方式，方法”且定语从句中缺少状语时，引导定语从句的关系词有that，
in
which或不用任何关系词这三种形式。
?2?若way“方式，方法”作先行词且定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，则使用关系代词which或that。先行词作宾语时，可以省略。
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
The
music
can't
be
presented
today
the
way
it
was
in
1908
or
1958.
今天音乐不能以1908年或1958年的方式呈现出来。
[经典例句]
I
don't
like
the
way
(that/in
which)
he
speaks.
我不喜欢他说话的方式。
Almost
all
girls
follow
the
fashion
in
the
way
(that/in
which)
they
are
dressed.
在穿着方式上，几乎所有的女孩都赶时髦。
The
way
(that/which)
he
told
me
proved
wonderful.
他告诉我的方法被证明是非常棒的。
[即学即练]完成句子
①I
don't
like
the
way
in
which
you
speak
to
her.
我不喜欢你给她讲话的方式。
②The
way
that
he
referred
to
is
of
great
use.
他提及的方法很有用。
(教材P39)The
countryside
would
be
a
sadder
and
uglier
place
without
them.
没有了它们(村庄)，乡村将是更悲哀更丑陋的地方。
本句为含蓄条件句，表达将来某种情形的虚拟，without意为“如果没有……”，引出含蓄条件。
[归纳拓展]
?1?引出含蓄条件的词：without，otherwise，but
for，or?else?等。
?2?谓语动词形式：与现在或将来情况相反时用“would/might/could＋do”；与过去情况相反时用“would/might/could＋have
done”。
[品读高考]
(2017·北京)Without
immediate
medical
care,
Paris
would
die.
如果不及时就医，帕里斯就会死亡。
[经典例句]
There
would
be
nothing
living
without
the
sun.
没有太阳就不会有生命。
But
for
your
help,
I
wouldn't
have
passed
the
exam.
没有你的帮助，我就不会通过考试。
He
was
busy
yesterday.
Otherwise,
he
would
have
come
to
the
party.
他昨天很忙，要不然他就来参加晚会了。
[即学即练]完成句子
①Without
water,
there
would
be
no
life.
没有水就不会有生命。
②But
for
your
help,
we
wouldn't
have
succeeded.
没有你的帮助，我们就不会成功。
③
She
wasn't
feeling
well.
Otherwise
she
wouldn't
have
left
the
meeting
early.
她感到不舒服，否则她不会早早离开会场的。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He
couldn't
afford
(有能力支付)
that
much
money
to
buy
a
new
house.
2．Venice
is
a
fascinating
(吸引人的)
city
between
sea
and
sky.
3．Fill
the
form
and
write
down
your
name,
address
and
occupation
(职业)．
4．Have
you
exchanged
(交换)
ideas
with
your
parents
about
your
new
job?
5．It's
really
lucky
for
him
to
have
survived
(死里逃生)
that
terrible
accident.
6．You'd
better
avoid
the
rush
hour
because
the
traffic
(交通)
is
very
heavy
during
that
time.
7．Give
the
names
of
two
people
who
can
be
contacted
(联系)
at
any
time.
8．There
is
a
manual
(用手的；手的)
pump
to
get
rid
of
the
water.
9．My
husband
gave
me
cash
to
manage
the
household
(家庭),
but
none
of
it
was
ever
my
own.
10．The
committee
(委员会)
has
considered
this
matter.
Ⅱ.用方框中短语的适当形式填空
go
up；
make
money；
pay
back；
get
away
from；
as
a
result
of；
make
it；
up
to
now；
at
weekends；
so
far；
but
for；
a
number
of
1．He
said
he
would
write
a
letter
to
us，but
we
haven't
heard
from
him
up_to_now/so_far.
2．I
thought
he
would
be
too
old
to
get
to
the
top
of
the
mountain,
but
he
made_it
at
last.
3．More
and
more
people
choose
to
live
in
the
countryside
to
get_away_from
the
noise
and
polluted
air.
4．Unemployment
in
this
country
has
gone_up
by
25%
in
the
last
ten
months.
5．Helen
has
a_number_of
friends
indeed，but
she
does
not
think
she
has
any
she
can
believe
in.
6．Millions
of
people
are
threatened
with
starvation
as_a_result_of
poor
harvests.
7.
At_weekends,_he
mostly
cared
for
his
roses,
or
his
car,
or
golf
with
fellows.
8．If
you
invest
in
the
right
stock,
you
should
make
large
amounts
of
money.
9．I
have
already
paid_back
the
money
he
lent
me
the
other
day.
10.
But_for
war
in
the
world,
people
would
live
a
happier
life.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．I'd
like
to
make
contact
with
other
schools
in
the
area.
→I'd
like
to
get
in/into
contact
with
other
schools
in
the
area.
2．Students
are
more
or
less
different
in
the
way
that
they
study.
→Students
are
more
or
less
different
in
the
way
in
which
they
study.
3．If
it
weren't
for
your
help,
I
wouldn't
have
got
there
on
time.
→
Without
your
help,_I
wouldn't
have
got
there
on
time.
4．I
paid
a
visit
to
the
company
last
month
in
which
my
brother
is
working.
→I
paid
a
visit
to
the
company
last
month
where
my
brother
is
working.
5．Would
you
like
to
exchange
your
dictionary
for
my
old
camera?
→Would
you
like
to
give
me
your
dictionary
in
exchange
for
my
old
camera?
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