Unit 3 Fairness for all 同步训练01 （解析版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Fairness for all
同步练习01
一 二 三 四
词汇运用 阅读理解 完形填空
作文提升
词汇运用（单词巩固+语法复习）
1．The film，_________the_ true story of this Red Army general，attracted people's interest all over the country．（　　）21cnjy.com
A．is based on
B．is on the base of
C．which is the base for
D．based upon
2．___in 1898，Be_ijing__University is one of the most famous universities in the world．（　　）21·世纪*教育网
A．Being founded B．It was founded
C．Founded D．Having founded
3．It can'_t_be_a_（n） _______ that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night．（　　）
A．accident B．incident
C．chance D．coincidence
4．Over the past _decade_s，sea ice _____ in the Arctic as a result of global warming．（　　）2-1-c-n-j-y
A．had decreased B．decreased
C．has been decreasing D．is decreasing
5．Daniel's family_______their holiday in Huangshan this time next week．（　　）
A．are enjoying B．are to enjoy
C．will enjoy D．will be enjoying
6．________and__short of breath，Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai．（　　）21*cnjy*com
A．To tire B．Tired
C．Tiring D．Being tired
7．News came from__the_s_chool office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University．（　　）【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A．which B．what C．that D．where
8．The numbe_r_of_f_oreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1990．（　　）【出处：21教育名师】
A．is B．are C．has been D．have been
9．She stared at the painting，wondering where she ______it．（　　）
A．saw B．has seen C．sees D．had seen
10．In order t_o_find_ better job，he decided to study second foreign language．（　　）【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A．the；a B．a； a C．the； the D．a； the
1．【句意】基于这位红军将领的真实故事，这个电影吸引了全国人民．
答案：D．考查非谓语动词作定语的_??¨????????????b_ase的结构，排除B、C两项．由于attracted为本句的谓语，因此A项不正确．be based on/upon以……为基础，基于……之上．【版权所有：21教育】
故选：D．
2．【句意】成立于1898年的北京大学是世界上最著名的学府之一．
答案：C．
根据句中的标点符号为逗号以_??????é???????????_完整的句子可知，前面的成分一定是一个非谓语动词的形式，可排除B，选B的话中间需要加上一个连词；因为动词found的逻辑主语为Beijing University，两者之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词，可排除D；根据时间状语in 1898可知，北大的成立发生在过去，可排除A；21教育名师原创作品
故选：C．
3．【句意】在一晚上有四家珠宝店被抢这不可能是巧合．
答案D．
A．acciden_t"????????????_外"；B．incident"事件"；C．chance"机会"；D．coincidence"巧合，巧合的事"．根据后面four jewelry stores were robbed in one night可知答案选D．
4．【句意】在过去的几十年里，北极的海冰由于全球气候变暖而不断地减少．
答案：C．
在英语中"ove_r/in_t_he past/last+时间段"要与"现在完成时"连用，从over the past decades可知，这种情况现在依然存在，所以此处应用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在；
故选：C．
5．【句意】丹尼尔一家下周这个时候将会在黄山度过他们的假期．
答案 D 本题中 next _week_è??_个时间状语可知事情发生在下周，用将来时；又因this time 指这个时候正在做的事情，符合这一条件的只有D项，将来进行时，
故选：D．
6．【句意】安迪和鲁比首先到达了泰山山顶，他们累得上气不接下气．
答案 B 句意："安迪和鲁_???é???????°è?????_泰山山顶，他们累得上气不接下气．"tired是形容词化了的过去分词，指人的感受，在句中作状语，修饰人；而tiring指的是事情，主语不是人，故答案为Bwww-2-1-cnjy-com
故选：B．
7．【句意】从学校办公室传来了王林被北京大学录取的消息．
答案：C
句中Wang Li_n_had__been admitted to Beijing University解释news的内容，是一个同位语从句，要用that来连接，且that不可省略；which连接定语从句，且要充当从句的主语或宾语；what不能用于同位语从句；where连接名词性从句时，在从句中作地点状语；题干中的同位语从句解释news的内容，且从句结构完整．21*cnjy*com
故选：C．
8．【句意】自1990年以来，外国学生在中国大学留学的数量一直在稳步上升．
答案：C
根据时间状语"since199_0"???????????¤_处表示过去的动作"外国学生在中国大学留学"持续到了现在，应使用现在完成时，故排除A和B；由于本句的主语The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities 指的是：…的数量，故谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式；
故选：C．
9．【句意】她凝望着这幅画，想着她是在什么地方见过的．
答案：D
根据"She _stared_ at the painting"使用了一般过去时可知，此处的动作"see"是发生在过去凝望这幅画之前的动作，即表示该动作是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时；故选D．
10．【句意】为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语．
答案：B．考查冠词的用_?????????????????¨_不定冠词a泛指"一个更好的工作"；第二空用的是固定结构"a+序数词+名词"表示"又一，再一"．故答案选B．
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The__tradi_tional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms More than 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time based on observations of the sun's motion．In the international meteorological field （国际气象界） the 24 solar terms are honored as "the fifth great invention of China"．
The 24 _solar__terms begins with Start of Spring followed by Rain Water, Insects Awaken…and ends up with Minor Cold and Major Cold．Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice are two days of the year with the longest and shortest amount of daylight respectively, while Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are days with the most balanced amount of daytime and nighttime．Through these four parts, a year is divided into four part： Spring Summer, Autumn and Winter．
In ancient t_imes_t_his system not only guided agricultural production, instructing farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest but also directed Chinese folk customs．For example, Winter Solstice was the first one set among 24 terms and later developed into a festival to worship Heaven and ancestors．Every year at Winter Solstice, emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties would go to the temple of Heaven to hold a ceremony to worship Heaven, for good weather for their crop, and peace and prosperity for the country．
Now_adays,_ the 24 solar terms could not only be applied to farming but also guide Chinese everyday life．They remind people to adapt to the changes in the seasons through suitable food and cultural rituals （文化仪式）．Seasonal customs are sill the rage such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qing Ming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter．They have actually became important rituals in Chinese life．
The 24 so_lar_te_rms is a common cognitive system among Chinese．It reflects the emotional bond, the wisdom and creativity of Chinese, who respect and live in harmony with nature．
（1）How were the 24 solar terms created in ancient China？
A．They were the results of leaning from each other．
B．They were set based on the movements of the sun．
C．They were created according to the change of the weather．
D．They were gradually developed from the practical experience．
（2）What__is_a__common feature of Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox？
A．They both have the same amount of day and night．
B．They were set only for guiding agricultural activities．
C．They both play the role in dividing a day into day and night．
D．They are _the_da_ys on which the length of a day is longer than night．
（3）What does th_e_unde_rlined word in Paragraph 4 probably mean？
A．Cheer．
B．Honor．
C．Appreciation．
D．Fashion．
（4）What's the text mainly about？
A．The reasons for the recognition of the 24 solar terms．
B．The invention of the 24 solar terms in ancient China．
C The origin and influence of the 24 solar terms in China．
D．The ways to handle the relationship between human and nature．
【分析】这是一篇说明_??????????????????_农历将一年分为24个节气．两千多年前，中国古人根据对太阳运动的观察，创造了这一个整体框架来标记每年的时间流逝．文章介绍了24节气制度不仅指导农业生产，指导农民期待气温变化、春耕秋收，而且指导着中国人的日常生活．二十四节气是中国人普遍的认知系统．它体现了中国人尊重自然、与自然和谐相处的情感纽带、智慧和创造力．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题_??????????????????_中The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms．More than 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time based on observations of the sun's motion．可知中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气．两千多年前，中国古人根据对太阳运动的观察，创造了这一个整体框架来标记每年的时间流逝．由此可知，24节气在中国古代是根据太阳的运动而定的．故选B．
（2）A．细节理解题．_??????????????????_Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice are two days of the year with the longest and shortest amount of daylight respectively, while Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox are days with the most balanced amount of daytime and nighttime．可知夏至和冬至是一年中日照时间最长和最短的两天，春分和秋分是昼夜日照最平衡的两天．由此可知，春分和秋分的共同特征是它们的白天和黑夜一样长．故选A．
（3）D．词义猜测题．_????????????è?????_文such as eating spring pancakes at Start of Spring, sweeping ancestors' tombs at Qing Ming, gaining weight to keep warm at Start of Autumn and eating nutritious food to store energy at Start of Winter．They have actually became important rituals in Chinese life．可知立春吃春饼、清明节扫墓、立秋增肥保暖、立冬吃营养食品储存能量等季节性的习俗开始流行．这些季节性的习俗实际上已经成为中国人生活中重要的仪式．由此可知，划线单词意思为"流行"．A．Cheer欢呼；B．Honor荣誉；C．Appreciation欣赏；D．Fashion流行．故选D．
（4）C．主旨大意题．根据第一段_???The_t_raditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms．More than 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time based on observations of the sun's motion．可知中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气．两千多年前，中国古人根据对太阳运动的观察，创造了这一个整体框架来标记每年的时间流逝．文章还介绍了24节气制度不仅指导农业生产，指导农民期待气温变化、春耕秋收，而且指导着中国人的日常生活．二十四节气是中国人普遍的认知系统．它体现了中国人尊重自然、与自然和谐相处的情感纽带、智慧和创造力．由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是24节气在中国的起源和影响．故选C．
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
??? It was _alread_y half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We had 1 ?to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my 2 ， I had a good excuse: A business meeting had 3 and I'd wasted no time getting to the dinner.
??? When I a_rrived_ at the 4 ?，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didn't mean to be late. She screamed, "You never mean to." Well, I 5 tell she was angry. "I'm sorry but it was not 6 ," I said. Then I told her about the business meeting. 7 , my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive 8 ?mad as well.
??? Seve_ral_we_eks later, when I 9 ?the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, "You 10 a classic mistake. You're stuck 11 your own way of thinking. You didn't 12 ?to be late. But that's not the point. What is 13 in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor." He pointed out that I focused on the intention 14 Eleanor focused on the result. Thus, 15 ?of us felt misunderstood and crazy.
??? Th_inking_ more about Ken's words, I 16 ?recognized the root cause of such disagreement. It's the result of the action that really 17 .I should have started the conversation by expressing 18 ?my actions affected Eleanor and 19 the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never.
??? Later on, _after__talking to Eleanor and really 20 her experience of the results of my lateness, I've managed to be on time a lot more frequently.
1. A. Started B. Agreed C. Continued D. Managed
2. A. Relief B. Surprise C. Regret D. Sorrow
3. A. broken out B. closed down C. faded away D. run over
4. A. House B. Room C. Restaurant D. Supermarket
5. A. Could B. Must C. Will D. might
6. A. Movable B. Comfortable C. Acceptable D. Avoidable
7. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise
8. A. Her B. Him C. me D. them
9. A. spread B. wrote C. translated D. described
10. A. knew B. made C. found D. took
11. A. In B. beyond C. For D. against?
12. A. Need B. Prove C. Pretend D. Intend
13. A. Funny B. Important C. Possible D. Simple
14. A. While B. After C. Until D. unless
15. A. All B. None C. Both D. Neither
16. A. Usually B. Merely C. Hardly D. gradually
17. A. Inspires B. Matters C. Improves D. challenges
18. A. How B. Why C. When D. what
19. A. Compared B. Reported C. Finished D. saved
20. A. Showing B. Satisfying C. understanding D. destroying
【答案】 （1）B；（2_???A??????3???_D；（4）C；（5）A；（6）D；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）B；（14）A；（15）C；（16）D；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）C； 21世纪教育网版权所有
【解析】本文是一_???è?°?????????è??_述作者和妻子约定一起吃饭，但是作者因为开会晚了，作者向妻子解释为什么迟到，妻子反而更生气，作者也感到要发疯了，后来作者和朋友谈到这件事，朋友的一番话让作者意识到重要的是作者应该体会迟到对妻子的影响，而不应该强调自己的意图，通过和妻子的沟通，作者更好的理解了妻子，以后尽量能够做到准时。
（1）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.开始，B.同意，C.继续，D.设法，管理，根据上文”It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor.“可知作者和妻子约定一起吃饭，所以他们是达成一致意见7点在饭店见面，agree to do一致同意做…，所以选B。
（2）考查名词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.缓解，宽慰，B.惊讶，C.后悔，遗憾，D.悲伤，根据下文”I had a good excuse“，可知作者感到有点宽慰的是他有个很好的借口，所以选A。
（3）考查动词短语。四个选项的含义分别是：A.爆发，B.关闭，C.逐渐消退，D.遇上，超过，根据上文but to my?? ? 2 ? ，I had a good excuse:可知作者有个好借口，因为一个商业会议超时了，而作者没有浪费时间，所以选D。
（4）考查名词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.房子，B.房间，C.饭店，D.超市，根据上文的内容，We had??? 1 ??? to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock.可知作者和妻子约定在饭店一起吃饭，所以作者是到达饭店，选C。
（5）考查情态动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.能够，B.必须，C.将会，愿意，D.可能，根据下文"I'm sorry but it was not?? ? 6 ?? ,"作者对妻子抱歉，所以他能够感觉出妻子是生气了，所以选A。
（6）考查形容词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.可移动的，B.舒服的，C.可接受的，D.可以避免的，根据下文”Then I told her about the business meeting.“作者告诉妻子关于这个商业会议的事情，认为迟到是不可避免的，所以选D。
（7）考查副词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.然而，B.因此，C.还有，D.否则，根据下文”my explanation seemed to make things worse,“作者的解释让事情更糟，所以和前面的句子是转折关系，所以选A。
（8）考查代词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词），B.他（宾格）C.我（宾格），D.他们（宾格），根据上文，可知作者的迟到让妻子很生气，而且他的解释让事情更糟，这也使作者快要发疯了，因为用了as well，所以不是作者的妻子，而是需要代词指代作者本人，用me，所以选C。
（9）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.传播，蔓延，B.写，C.翻译，D.描述，根据句意：几个星期后，我将这件事描述给朋友Ken Hardy，所以选D。
（10）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.知道，B.制作，使得，C.发现，D.拿走，带，这里使用了动词搭配，make a mistake，根据下文”You're stuck??? 11 ???? your own way of thinking.“可知作者犯了一个经典的错误，所以选B。
（11）考查介词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.在…里面，B.超过，C.为了，D.反对，这里使用了固定搭配：be stuck in”卡住，陷入“，这里表示作者被自己的思维方式困住了，所以选A。
（12）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.需要，B.证明，C.假装，D.打算，根据第二段的句子，"You never mean to."可知作者认为自己不是故意这么做的，所以用intend和mean意思相近，所以选D。
（13）考查形容词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.滑稽的，有趣的，B.重要的，C.可能的，D.简单的，根据上文”But that's not the point.“那并不是重点，你们的谈话中重要的是你的迟到是怎么影响Eleanor的，所以选B。
（14）考查连词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.当…时候，然而，虽然，B.在…之后，C.直到，D.除非，他指出作者的重点是意图，而Eleanor的重点是结果，这两句话是表示转折关系，所以选A。
（15）考查代词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.（三者以上）都，B. （三者以上）都不，C. （两者）都，D. （两者）都不，根据上文”He pointed out that I focused on the intention?? ? 14 ??? Eleanor focused on the result.可知作者和妻子两个人理解的重点不一样，所以两个人都感觉被误解要抓狂，所以选C。
（16）考查副词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.通常，B.仅仅，C.几乎不，D.逐渐地，句意：多思考Ken的话，我逐渐意识到这样分歧的根源，所以选D。（17）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.激励，B.重要，C.提高，改善，D.挑战，根据上文可知文章一再强调的两个人的重点，所以这里说的是行动的结果是真正重要的，matter和be important意思相同，所以选B。
（18）考查疑问词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.怎样，B.为什么，C.何时，D.什么，根据上文可知是行动的结果更重要，所以作者本应该开始对话，表达自己的行为对妻子有怎样的影响，选A。
（19）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.比较，B.报告，C.完成，D.拯救，省去，根据上文“I should have started the conversation by expressing ? 18 ??? my actions affected Eleanor可知作者本应该表达自己的行为对妻子有怎样的影响，所以应该省去解释自己迟到的目的或以后再说，或者永远不要说，所以选D。
（20）考查动词。四个选项的含义分别是：A.展示，B.使…满意，C.理解，D.破坏，根据上文提到了misunderstood，可知作者通过和妻子的交谈真的理解了她对于我迟到的结果的体验，所以选C。21教育网
四、作文提升
假定你是李华，你市新建成图书馆将于下周开放,请你写封信告诉爱读书的交换生朋友Jack办理借书证相关手续。内容包括： 21·cn·jy·com
1）填写申请表；
2）提交一寸个人照；
3）预付押金。
参考词汇：押金deposit
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】 Dear Jack,
?? ?Learning tha_t_you__are keen on reading various Chinese books, I'm writing to offer you some information about how to apply for a library card from the newly -built library in my city, which will be open to the public.www.21-cn-jy.com
?? ?First of al_l,_you_ should fill in a form which includes your detailed information. And you need to prepare a one- inch photo. At the same time the staff will ask you to pay 100 yuan as a deposit which will be returned to you once you hand in your card and don't use it any more.2·1·c·n·j·y
?? ?If any__furth_er information needed, please don't hesitate to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua

_21?????????è?????(www.21cnjy.com)_