(共42张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Listening，Everyday English and Function，Cultural Corner
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1 Concentrate on the good things about the Internet.
关注因特网好的地方。
品味经典
①Please be quiet，the children are concentrating on their homework.
请安静，孩子们正在专心做家庭作业。
②I can’t concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.
吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力去学习。
③We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.
我们应该集中精力努力改进教育工作。
自我探究
concentrate作动词，意为“集中(注意力，思想等)，常用短语concentrate on/upon表示“集中精力于”的意思。
牛刀小试
The students can’t ________their studies when they are hungry.
A．keep on B．consist of
C．go on D．concentrate on
解析：选D。考查动词短语。keep on继续，一般后面跟v. ing形式；go on继续，后面跟v. ing形式或with再跟名词；consist of由……组成；concentrate on集中精力于……，全神贯注于……。句意：当学生们饥饿的时候，他们不能集中精力学习。
2 I agree with this idea，especially on the subject of learning English.
我同意这个想法，尤其是在学习英语这门课程上。
品味经典
①Your story doesn’t agree with what the police have told us.
你的叙述和警察告诉我们的不一致。
②I don’t think the food here agrees with me.
我认为这里的食物不适合我的口味。
自我探究
agree with为及物动词短语，意为“同意”，后面跟人或与人相关的观点、语言。另外，还有“与……相一致”的意思。
③We couldn’t agree on when to meet.
什么时候见面，我们未能取得一致意见。
④Is he going to agree to our suggestion
他会同意我们的建议吗？
⑤The bank agreed to lend me$10,000.
银行同意借给我一万美元。
牛刀小试
I don’t believe him.His story doesn’t________ what I have heard.
A．agree on B．make up
C．agree with D．make out
解析：选C。本题考查短语动词的用法。根据短语意思和语境要求判断，此处用agree with表示“和……相符”的意思。
3 Ask them to point out your mistakes.
请他们指出你的错误。
品味经典
①He was always very keen to point out my mistakes.
他很热衷于指出我的错误。
自我探究
point out 为及物动词短语，意为“指出”，代词要放在两个词之间。
②Let’s keep to the point or we will never reach any decisions.
不要偏离主题，否则我们将无法作出任何决定。
③The clock hands pointed to twelve.
表的指针指向12点。
④I was on the point of going to bed when you rang.
你来电话时我正要睡觉。
牛刀小试
I like Mr Miner’s speech; it was clear and________ the point.
A．at B．on
C．to D．of
解析：选C。此题考查与point 词组的介词搭配。to the point 切中要点，恰到好处。
4 What are the advantages of having a mobile phone What are the disadvantages
有手机有什么好处？有什么坏处？
品味经典
①There are advantages and disadvantages with emails.
电子邮件既有优点也有缺点。
②Anyone who can’t use a computer is at a disadvantage.
不会使用计算机的人处于不利的地位。
③You should weigh the advantages and disadvantages before you act.
在行动之前你应该权衡利弊。
自我探究
advantage可数名词，意为“长处，优点”，反义词disadvantage意为“弊端，缺点”。at a disadvantage＝have a disadvantage意为“处于劣势”。weigh advantages and disadvantages意为“权衡利弊”。
④They had a major advantage over their better known rivals—they were cheaper.
跟其他较有名气的对手相比，它们的主要优点是便宜。
⑤Let’s take advantage of the long vacation and make a trip to Hong Kong.
让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。
⑥It would be to your disadvantage to invest in the project.
你在这项工程上投资可能要吃亏。
⑦The agreement is/works to our advantage.
协议对我们有利。
牛刀小试
It is a great________for a person to be able to drive when he is looking for a job.
A．advantage B．chance
C．fun D．importance
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。advantage优势；chance机会；fun乐趣，为不可数名词；importance重要，重要性，为不可数名词。句意：找工作时会开车是一个巨大的优势。故A项正确。
5 The average time the Chinese people spend online is 17 hours per week.
中国人花在网上的时间是平均每周17小时。
品味经典
①The average age of the boys is 17.
这些男孩子的平均年龄是17岁。
②These marks are well above/below average.
这些分数远在一般水平以上/以下。
③On average，men still earn more than women.
平均来看，男性仍比女性挣得多。
自我探究
average用作名词，意为“平均数；一般水平”。用作形容词，意为“平均的；普通的”。
on (an/the) average 平均；一般地
below/above (the) average 低于/超过平均水平
牛刀小试
Because of the snow，he drove just 280 kilometers in 5 hours，that is to say，the ________ speed was 56 kph.
A．basic B．ordinary
C．whole D．average
解析：选D。“平均时速为56公里。”
6 You can do this by taking out “unimportant” letters in the words.
你可以抽掉单词里不重要的字母来达到这一目的。
品味经典
①The doctor took out five of John’s teeth.
医生拔掉了约翰的五颗牙齿。
②How much do you need to take out(of the bank)
你需要(从银行)取多少钱？
③She’s gone into hospital to have her appendix taken out.
她已住院去切除阑尾。
自我探究
take out为及物动词短语，意为“拿出；带出；摘除”。表示“从……里拿出”，后加介词of或from。
牛刀小试
Computers can help customers to put in or ________ money from the bank.
A．take out B．send out
C．come out D．point out
解析：选A。本句话的意思为“计算机可以帮助顾客在银行里存款或取款”。短语take out和put in相对应。
7 But she can’t help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.
但是在50分钟内她不可能在课堂上帮助每一个人。
句型巧析
品味经典
①I don’t need both the dictionaries.
这两本词典我不都需要。
②Not every student can be hard working.
并不是每个学生都能努力学习。
③Not all the rooms have been cleaned.
并非所有的房间都被打扫了。
自我探究
此处can’t和everyone连用，表示部分否定(意为)“不是每个人都能”。
当否定词not和both，all，every连用时，该句表示部分否定，即“不都”的意思。这时否定词not的位置可以放在这些词的前面，也可以否定谓语动词。
④We both fell，but fortunately neither of us was hurt.
我们两个都摔倒了，但幸运的是都没有受伤。
⑤None of the students could answer the question.
没有一个学生能够回答这一问题。
牛刀小试
(1)I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with________.
A．everything B．anything
C．something D．nothing
解析：选A。受否定句影响，迷惑选项为B。此题语境性极强，第一句中“most of what you said”为关键点，句意：你说的大部分我都同意，但并不是所有的我都同意。因此，考查的是部分否定，答案为A。
(2)—Which of the two computer games did you prefer
—Actually I didn’t like ________.
A．both of them B．either of them
C．none of them D．neither of them
解析：选B。考查不定代词的用法。句意是“这两个网络游戏你喜欢哪一个？说实话我两个都不喜欢。”not和both表示部分否定。none指三个以上的否定。neither两个都不，前面有don’t ，就不能再和neither搭配使用了，故选B。
8 You can do this by taking out “unimportant” letters in the words (usually vowels)and using numbers instead of words.
你可以通过抽掉一些不重要的字母或者用数字代替单词来达到这一目的。
品味经典
①He made everybody happy by telling a joke.
他讲了个笑话，把大家逗乐了。
②You may tell him the result by writing to him.
你可以写信把结果告诉他。
③He makes a living by teaching foreigners Chinese.
他靠教外国人汉语来谋生。
自我探究
do sth.by doing sth.else表示“通过做一件事的方式来达到做另一件事的目的”，by＝in the way of。
牛刀小试
He ________ his wealth ________ printing works of famous writers.
A．gained；by B．made；on
C．got；for D．took；for
解析：选A。gain one’s wealth “获得财富”，by doing...“通过……手段”，本句话的意思为“他通过印刷名人著作发了财”。
Talking on a mobile phone is expensive，so a lot of people send text messages.Text messages are much cheaper than talking on a mobile phone，and you can make it even cheaper by shortening the words that you use.You can do this by taking out “unimportant” letters in the words (usually vowels) and using numbers instead of words (2＝to,3＝free,4＝for,8＝ate，so h8＝hate，etc.)．You can also avoid using punctuation like inverted commas.Here is an example：Im hm nw，why nt gv me a cll？(I’m home now，why not give me a call？)
译文助读
What do you think these text messages mean
Whr hv U bn？Iv bn wtng hrs fr a cll
Do U wnt 2 g 2 th cnma tnite
I gt a txt mssge frm my frnd.Shes hvng a prty on Strdy.Do U wnt 2 cm
Mobile phone users have developed a series of symbols to show how they feel.They are called emoticons，and there are some examples below.To read an emoticon，you have to look at it sideways.
For example，if you say something in a text message which is a joke，you can follow it with a smiling face.Like this∶
Why didt u call me？I’m so sad.
Here are some others.Can you think of text messages where you could use them
用手机打电话很贵，所以很多人发短信。发短信比用手机打电话便宜得多，并且你还可以通过缩短(shorten)用词使费用更低。你可以通过删去单词中“不重要”的字母(通常是元音)并使用数字代替单词(2＝to,3＝free,4＝for,8＝ate，所以h8＝hate，等等)的方式来缩短用词。你也可以避免使用标点符号，比如引号。下面是一例：(我现在在家，为什么不给我打电话？)
你认为这些短语是什么意思？
你去哪里了？我等电话等了几个小时。
你今晚想去看电影吗？
我收到一条朋友发来的短信。她周六将举办晚会。你想去吗？
手机用户还发明了一系列的象征符号来表达他们的感情。这叫做感情符号，下面有一些这样的例子。要读懂一个感情符号，你需要横着(sideways)去看。
比如说，如果你编辑的短信是一个笑话，你可以在后面加一个笑脸。像这样∶
为什么不打电话给我？我很伤心。
这儿还有一些别的例子。你能想到你什么时候用到它们吗？
速效提能演练
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谢谢使用(共7张PPT)
Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications
教材背景链接
名言佳句
One thing I know，that is，I know nothing.
有一件事我很清楚，那就是我无知。
—Socrates
——苏格拉底
Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body.
读书健脑，运动强身。
Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study.
天生的才干如同天生的植物一样，需要靠学习来修剪。
A little learning is a dangerous thing，but a lot of ignorance is just as bad.
知识浅薄是危险的，而无知同样糟糕。
—Edwards
——爱德华兹
Now，I’ll tell you something about the Internet.The Internet is a network of computers.It became popular in the 1990s.Now，we live in the Internet Age.The Internet is very useful.You can get information，do some shopping or talk with people all over the world.You can do all these things in your room.
类文欣赏
You can set up your own space on the Internet.We call it a homepage.It’s open to anyone in the world.Write your message on your homepage.Soon，you can get answers by e mail from people around the world.
The Internet is also useful when a flood or an earthquake happens somewhere in the world.We can learn about the needs of the people there and send them food and medicine more quickly than before.
In the world of the Internet，everyone is equal.Famous writers，artists，and scientists—they are all your friends.A lucky person can even find a message from the president of a country.
Some people lose themselves in the world of the Internet.That’s really bad.Remember that the world of the Internet is not a real world.Face to face communication with family，friends，and neighbours is very important.Don’t forget that the Internet is only a tool for communication and information.
Many people say that the Internet has some problems，but most people agree the Internet still has a wonderful future.For the first time in history，anyone can exchange messages and information immediately with other people.
choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage
A．The Internet became popular in the 1980s.
B．You can set up your homepage on the Internet.
C．The artists never use the Internet.
D．Only a few people think that the Internet has some problems.
2．What do people think of the Internet
A．All the people don’t think highly of it.
B．Most people don’t like it.
C．Most people think it has a bright future.
D．Many people think it will get better very soon.
3．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The Internet
B．People’s Attitude to the Internet
C．Information on the Internet
D．How to use the Internet
Keys：1.B 2.C 3.A(共23张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary－Warming Up
预习多维感知
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
Step One：Ask and Discussion
1．What do you know about the Internet
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．What do you do with the computer and the Internet
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Step Two：Fast Reading
1．The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.
Do you know the history of the Internet and how does it come into being？Now read the text and try to answer the questions.
(1)What is the Internet
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world，and it’s accessible through a computer.
(2)What’s the main idea about the passage
A．The use of the Internet.
B．The history of the Internet.
C．The inventor of the Internet.
D．The influence of the Internet.
答案：B
2．Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
(1)The second paragraph mainly tells us of________.
A．the first computer
B．the first network
C．the development of NSFNET
D．the uses of the network
答案：B
(2)From the third paragraph，we can conclude that________.
A．English will be replaced by Chinese on the Web in the future
B．English will still control the Web in the future
C．Chinese will become one of the main languages on the Web in the future
D．you won’t get information from the web if you don’t know Chinese in the future
答案：C
(3)The idea of the World Wide Web appeared in ________ by________.
A．1969；DARPA
B．1984；NSF
C．1991；Tim Berners Lee
D．1989；Tim Berners Lee
答案：D
(4)The World Wide Web is used to________.
A．share information with other computer users
B．store important information
C．carry information to other computer users
D．make thousands of millionaires
答案：A
(5)The best title of this passage is________.
A．Berners Lee，the Inventor of W．W.W.
B．Want to Be a Millionaire？Go to W．W.W.
C．The Development of the Internet
D．The Uses of the Internet
答案：C
Step Three：Careful Reading
1．Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.
(1)How did it start
________________________________________________________________________
答案：In 1969，a US defence organization created a network of computers called DARPANET.In 1984，the US National Science Foundation started the NSFNET network.
(2) What is the World Wide Web
________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.
(3)Who invented it
________________________________________________________________________
答案：An English scientist named Tim Berners Lee.
2．Read the text and fill in the blanks.
The Internet
History ·(1)____________back to 1969
·(2)____________a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other through the telephone (a US defence organisation)
·DARPANET，a network of computers，(3)____________into being
·the NSFNET network，(4)____________as the Inter Network，started in 1984
·(5)____________up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989(an English scientist)
·(6)____________the first “web browser”，which allowed computer users to(7)____________documents from other computers
Present ·the(8)____________of Internet users rose from 600,000 to 40 million within five years
·the biggest(9)____________of information in the world
·(10)____________of millions of pages of data
答案：(1)dates (2)developed (3)came (4)known
(5)came (6)designed (7)access (8)number (9)source (10)consists
Step Four：Summary
The Internet is the biggest 1.____________of information in the world，which consists of millions of pages of 2.____________.It dates back to 1969 when a US 3.____________organisation 4.____________a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other through the telephone.Thus DARPANET，
A 5.____________of computers came into being.But it was only used by the US army.Then in 1984，the NSF started the NSFNET network，which 6.____________the Inter Network.Later an English scientist 7.____________the idea of the World Wide Web while he was working in Switzerland in 1989.He 8.____________the first “web browser”，which allowed computer users to 9.____________documents from other computers. 10.____________， the Internet grew.Within five years，the number of Internet users rose from 600,000 to 40 million.
答案：1.source 2.data 3.defence 4.developed
5．network 6.became known as 7.came up with
8．designed 9.access 10.From that moment on
Step Five：Discussion
1．Do you think that the Internet is a good thing or a bad thing
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Students’ own answers.
2．What do you think are the good things /bad things about using the Internet
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Students’ own answers.
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Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
写作专题突破
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅳ
语法专题突破
自我探究
第1组两个句子中的划线部分均为合成形容词。
第2组中①the horse表示“一类”，a useful animal表示“一种”；
②the school gate表示大家共知的心目中的那个；
③the present特指“她妈妈给的那件礼物”。
④have a good time是固定词组。
合成词
一、合成名词
在英语中合成词比较活跃，合成名词的数量也较大。合成词有时带连字符号，有时不带。常见的合成名词形式有：
1．名词＋名词
House-keeper，armchair，air-conditioner，classroom
讲解归纳
2．形容词＋名词
highway，deadline，greenhouse，blueprint
3．动词＋名词
playground，pick-pocket
4．动名词＋名词
sleeping car，waiting room，washing machine
5．名词＋动名词
sunbathing，handwriting
6．动词＋副词
Take-off，warm-up
7．副词＋名词
onlooker，downfall
8．副词＋动词
income，outlook
二、合成形容词
合成形容词多数作定语，有些也可以作表语。
This is a newly-built museum.(定语)
这是一座新建的博物馆。
He is lively and outgoing.(表语)
他是个活泼开朗的人。
常见的合成形容词形式有：
1．形容词＋名词＋-ed
Kind-hearted，good-tempered
2．形容词＋现在分词
Good-looking，easy-going
3．副词＋现在分词
hard-working，far-reaching
4．名词＋现在分词
English-speaking，peace-loving
5．名词＋过去分词
water-covered，man-made
6．副词＋过去分词
well-known，widespread
7．数词＋名词＋-ed
three-legged，one-eyed
冠词
一、种类和意义
英语中冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a/an)。两者的最大差别在于定冠词表示特指概念；不定冠词表示泛指概念。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，对中心词可数名词单数形式进行限定；a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，对中心词可数名词单数形式进行限定。the既可以限定可数名词单数或复数，又可以限定不可数名词。
二、用法
1．不定冠词的用法
(1)泛指人或事物的类别，强调个体。
A bee has six legs.蜜蜂有六条腿。
(2)泛指某人或某物。
A student wanted to see you.有位学生想要见你。
(3)表示one或every，但没有one的语气重。
Everyone has a head and two hands.
每人都有一个头和两只手。
(4)用于固定词组或短语中。
in a word一句话
as a matter of fact事实上
2．定冠词的用法
(1)表示特定的或上文已提到过的人或物。
I am very interested in the film.
我对这部电影非常感兴趣。
Who is the driver of this truck
这辆卡车的司机是谁？
(2)表示世界上独一无二的事物。
The moon is a satellite of the earth.
月亮是地球的卫星。
(3)用在序数词、形容词最高级前。
Which river is the second longest river in China
中国的第二长河是哪一条河？
This is the best result.
这是最好的结果。
(4)用于乐器前。
She likes playing the piano.
她喜欢弹钢琴。
(5)用于姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。
The Smiths moved to New York last month.
史密斯一家上个月移居纽约。
(6)用于形容词前，表示一类人或事物。
The injured were taken to the hospital nearby.
伤员被送往附近的医院。
(7)用于河流、海洋、湖泊、山川、岛屿、沙漠前。
The Yellow River contains plenty of sand.
黄河水中有很多泥沙。
The Sahara Desert is very dry.
撒哈拉沙漠非常干旱。
(8)用于普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Children’s Palace少年宫
the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国
the Great Wall长城
(9)用于逢整十的数词复数前，表示某个世纪中的某个年代。
The Second World War broke out in the forties of last century.
第二次世界大战爆发于上个世纪四十年代。
(10)用于固定词组或短语中。
for the moment目前，此刻
by the way顺便问一下
on the other hand另一方面
go to the cinema去看电影
3．零冠词的用法
在英语中有时不需要用任何冠词来限定一些名词。这种情况我们称之为零冠词。常用情况如下：
(1)复数名词表示泛指某类人或事物。
We should protect trees.我们应该保护树木。
Students should obey the school rules and regulations.
学生应该遵守校规校纪。
(2)不可数名词表示泛指时。
We need air and water to live.
我们需要空气和水来生存。
(3)一般在专有名词前不用冠词。
English is an important subject.
英语是一门非常重要的学科。
Beijing University has a long history.
北京大学有很长的历史。
(4)一般在学科、星期、月份、三餐、季节前不用冠词，但当表示三餐类的名词前有形容词修饰时，需加a/an。
Physics is very difficult to me.物理对我来说很难。
We have no class on Sunday.我们周日没有课。
Did you have breakfast？你吃早饭了吗？
(5)表示职务的名词前不用冠词。
He was made captain of our team.
他是我们队的队长。
语法专练
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．Have you ever been to that ____________(世界著名的)university
答案：world famous
2．She is only a____________ (10岁的)girl.
答案：ten year old
3．He is a ____________(心地善良的)teacher.
答案：warm hearted
4．They liked to climb the ____________(白雪覆盖的)mountains.
答案：snow covered
5．Alice is such a____________ (长得好看的)girl that she is considered the class beauty.
答案：good looking
Ⅱ.用适当的冠词填空
1．The cakes are delicious.He’d like to have ________ third one because ________ second one is rather too small.
解析：a与序数词连用表示“再一；又一”，the second one表特指。
答案：a；the
2．There’s________ dictionary on ________ desk by your side.
解析：第一次提到某物用a；by your side作定语修饰desk，表特指用the。
答案：a；the
3．The Wilsons live in ________ A shaped house near the coast.It is ________17th century cottage.
解析：A shaped house和a 17th century cottage都是第一次提到，且A shaped的发音是以元音字母开头，故用an。
答案：an；a
4．I knew ________ Yao Ming，but not ________ famous basketball star.
解析：此句意为“我认识一个名叫姚明的人，但不是篮球明星姚明”。泛指用a，特指用the 。
答案：a；the
5．________ peasants are in trouble because of ________ bad harvest.
解析：the peasants特指受灾的农民，the bad harvest特指不好的收成。
答案：The；the
6．A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in ________ leg.
解析：伤了人身体的某个部位用in the＋名词表示。
答案：the
7．________ older took ________ younger by ________ hand.
解析：the older指“年长的人”，the younger指“较年轻的人”，hold sb.by the hand表示“牵着某人的手”。
答案：The；the；the
8．Paper money was in ________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ________ thirteenth century.
解析：in use意为“使用”，不加冠词；in the thirteenth century意为“在13世纪”。
答案：/；the
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．Speaking of all the songs he has written，I think this is probably his ________ one.
A．better known B．well known
C．best known D．most known
解析：选C。考查复合形容词。“有名的”应为“well known”，其比较级和最高级分别为better known和best known。根据所给条件“说起他写过的所有歌曲”，可知C项为正确答案。
2．My brother is really________.He often works in his office far into the night.
A．open minded B．hard working
C．self confident D．warm hearted
解析：选B。该题考查学生对题干中两个句子含义的理解以及对选项中四个复合形容词含义的理解。通过第二句的“works in his office far into the night” 可知“我”哥哥是个勤奋工作的人。故正确答案为B。A项含义为“虚心的，无偏见的”；C项含义为“自信的”；D项含义为“热心肠的”。
3．Mr.Smith has ________ great interest in history，especially in ________ history of the Ming Dynasty.
A．a；the B．a；/
C．/；the D．/；a
解析：选A。本题考查语境中冠词的运用以及名词可数、不可数的变化。interest既可以用作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，在它前面有形容词时应加不定冠词；第二空此处是特指，所以加定冠词。
4．This book tells ________ life story of John Smith，who left ________ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.
A．the；the B．a；the
C．the；/ D．a；/
解析：选C。第一空是定冠词表示特指；而第二空leave school是个固定短语，所以选择C项。
5．Students should be encouraged to use ________ Internet as ________ resource.
A．/；a B．/；the
C．the；the D．the；a
解析：选D。句意：应该鼓励学生多使用互联网作为一种信息的来源。the Internet是专有名词，所以用定冠词；泛指资源的一种用不定冠词。
6．It is said that ________ teachers have ________ very easy life.
A．/；/ B．/；a
C．the；/ D．the；a
解析：选B。teachers是名词复数，前面不用冠词表示类别；have a very easy life是个固定短语。
7．It’s not ________ good idea to drive for four hours without ________break.
A．a；a B．the；a
C．the；the D．a；the
解析：选A。句意：一刻不停地连续开四个小时的车不是个好主意。a...idea“一个……主意”，a break“休息”都是习惯用法。
8．Mrs.Taylor has ________ 8 year old daughter who has ________ gift for painting —she has won two national prizes.
A．a；a B．an；the
C．an；a D．the；a
解析：选C。由第一个空可知，8 year old daughter前应用an，而has a gift for为固定词组意为“干……有天赋”。
9．Jumping out of ________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience.
A．/；the B．/；an
C．an；an D．the；the
解析：选C。airplane在此是泛指的概念；experience作“经历”解时，是可数名词。
10．Have you heard ________ news？The price of ________ petrol is going up again!
A．the；the B．/；the
C．the；/ D．/；/
解析：选C。根据句子语境可知，句中的news特指后面一句的内容，于是前面用定冠词修饰；而petrol为不可数名词，表示类别，不能用冠词，故答案为C。
写作专题突破
【写作要求】
对于中学生上网人们有不同的看法。请你以Going Online为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法(100～120词)。
Advantages Disadvantages
能增长知识，了解国内外大事，紧跟时代；有利于学习英语，能结交很多朋友 上网玩游戏影响学习，而且对视力有害，易受不良信息的影响
建议：适度上网；要把学习、健康和安全放在首位等
【要点词汇】
1．受……欢迎 ________________
答案：be popular with
2．而不是 ________________
答案：instead of
3．影响 ________________
答案：affect
4．恰当地 ________________
答案：properly
5．拓宽 ________________
答案：broaden
6．登录 ________________
答案：log on
【句型结构】
1．最近上网越来越受中学生欢迎。
Recently going online has become ________________ middle school students.
答案：more and more popular with
2．多数学生玩电脑游戏而不是学习功课，这会影响他们的学习。
Most students/Most of the students play computer games ________________，which will ________________.
答案：instead of studying their lessons；affect their study
3．我们很容易交上不好的朋友并受影响做蠢事。
It’s easy for us to make bad friends and ________________ stupid things.
答案：be influenced to do
4．我们应该选择对我们的学习和生活有价值的事情。
We should choose things ________________ our study and life.
答案：which/that are valuable to
【连句成篇】
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Going Online
Recently going online has become more and more popular with middle school students.
In my opinion，there are some advantages for the students to go online.First，it can broaden our knowledge and make us know the latest news at home and abroad.Second，there are many learning materials on the Internet which are useful for us to learn English.Also，we can make many online friends.
However，there are some disadvantages.Most students play computer games instead of studying their lessons，which will affect their study.What’s worse，going online too often can do harm to our eyes.Besides，without much experience，it’s easy for us to make bad friends and be influenced to do stupid things.
So I think as students，we can go online properly.We should choose things which are valuable to our study and life.What’s more，we should have a time limit.We must place study，health and safety before other things.
【类文点津】
如何写议论文
议论文亦称说理文、论说文，是一种论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据和论证是不可缺少的三个要素。作者通过事实材料和逻辑推理来阐述自己的观点，表明赞成什么或反对什么，也就是我们平时所说的讲道理、论是非。写议论文要求观点正确、论据充分、语言精炼、论证合理、思维严密。
(1)议论文的语言特点
①时态的使用相对比较宽泛，根据行文的需要可以使用任何时态；
②以主动语态、陈述句式为主；
③恰当地使用过渡词和一些固定句型。
注意：议论文常用的单词或短语包括：in my opinion，personally，clearly，what’s more，further more等。
议论文常用的固定句型有：As we all know...，There is every reason to believe that...，The main reason is that...，Another thing we can’t forget is that...，I can’t agree more...，It’s clear that...，We can conclude that...，We can see that...，From the above we can know that...等。
这些过渡词和固定句型的适当使用不但能够起到过渡、连接和承上启下的作用，同时也能使文章更加生动。
(2)议论文的一般结构
最常见的议论文结构一般是按照提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的逻辑顺序来安排文章，即按“开头(引论)→正文(本论)→结论”之“三段论”的方式对文章主题加以论证。
The Internet is playing a more and more important part in modern society.It’s the biggest ①source of information in the world.We can have ②access to it ③via a computer，which ④consists of six parts and its hard disk ⑤contains lots of information and ⑥data.Who ⑦created the Internet？The earliest inventor was DARPA，whose DARPANET，a ⑧network of computer，was only used for the
词语串串练
⑨military aims without special ⑩permission.Besides，it wasn’t used frequently.In 1984，NSF created the NSFNET network，which was known as Internet.Tim Berners Lee came up with the fantastic idea of the WWW in 1989，and in 1991 the WWW appeared.Later，Berners Lee designed the first“web browser”，through which users can get documents from other computers.His invention made the Internet more accessible. From that moment on， avarage users had the chance to use it as well.
网络在现代社会里起着越来越重要的作用。它是世界上最大的信息来源。我们可以利用电脑接近它。电脑由六个部分组成，它的硬盘包含大量的信息和数据。是谁发明的网络？最早的发明者是DARPA，它的DARPANET电脑网络，只供军事上使用，若无特许，不准用于其他领域。
而且，它用得也不频繁。1984年，NSF发明了NSFNET网络，被称为因特网。贝尔纳斯·李在1989年提出了组建奇妙的万维网的想法，1991年万维网出现。后来，贝尔纳斯·李设计了第一个网络浏览器，通过浏览器用户可以从其他电脑里得到文件。他的发明使因特网更易于接近。从那时起，一般的用户也有机会使用网络了。
随着技术的飞速发展，因特网与手机联系了起来。通过手机，用户发送短信，查阅信息，阅读文章等。与电脑相比，手机更方便。根据官方的统计数字，中国的手机用户已经超过了美国，即使美国的用户并没有下降。使用手机有优点也有缺点。用户可以发送缩短的信息来节省钱；然而如果你在接电话或用手机玩游戏，你就不能专注于你所做的事情。
本部分内容讲解结束
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谢谢使用(共70张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary－Language Study
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1A CD ROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information.
光盘只读存储器是一个单独的磁盘，存储大量的信息。
品味经典
①The letter contains important information about the affair.
这封信包含这件事情的重要信息。
②Your computer will break down if you open the e mail that contains viruses.
如果打开含有病毒的电子邮件，你的电脑就会出故障。
③Each box contained twelve heavy bottles of apple juice.
每只箱子装有12大瓶苹果汁。
自我探究
contain vt.意为“包含，包括”，着重指一个整体中含有、容有某事。
易混辨析
contain，include
(1)contain指一个较大事物中所容纳的分离部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉，可以指包含全部或部分；
(2)include某物为整体的一部分或要素。常用现在分词或过去分词引起一个解释性短语。
④This book contains all the information you need，including knowledge about computers and the Internet.
这本书包含你所需的一切资料，其中包括有关计算机和互联网的知识。
牛刀小试
用contain或include的适当形式填空
(1)①你认为这个瓶子里装有多少液体？
How much liquid do you think this bottle ________？
②乐队演奏了许多歌曲，其中包括一些我最喜欢的。
The band played many songs，________ some of my favourites.
答案：①contains ②including
单项填空
(2)Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it ________.
A．collected B．contained
C．loaded D．saved
解析：选B。题意：小强尼摸了一下包，很想知道里面装了些什么。contain意为“包含，含有”，符合题意。collect意为“收集”；load意为“装载”；save意为“保存；节省”。
2 It consists of millions of pages of data.
它由数百万数据资料组成。
品味经典
①How many countries does the UK consist of
英国由多少个国家构成？
②Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.
生活中不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦的时候。
③Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
水是由氢和氧组成的。
自我探究
短语动词consist of为及物动词。但不用于被动语态，意为“由……组成/构成”。相当于be made up of。
④Happiness does not consist in how much money you have.
幸福不在于你有多少钱。
⑤Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle.
生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。
⑥Theory should consist with practice.
理论应与实践相一致。
牛刀小试
用consist的相关词组的正确形式填空
(1)①The beauty of the city ____________ its modern buildings.
答案：consists in
②Her actions do not ____________ her words.
答案：consist with
③Happiness ____________ trying to do one’s duty.
答案：consists in
单项填空
(2)Our class ________ 50 students.
A．consists in B．consists of
C．consists with D．makes up
解析：选B。句意：我们班由50名学生组成。consist in在于，存在于；consist with并存，一致；make up构成，组成，这里应用be made up of结构；consist of“”由……组成”为常用搭配，答案为B。
3 In 1969，DARPA，a US defence organisation，developed a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other through the telephone.
1969年，美国的一个防御组织DARPA开发了一种通过电话把多台电脑进行连接的方式。
品味经典
①A lot of money is spent on defence.
国防方面的开支很大。
②The high wall was built as a defence against enemies.
建这座高墙是为了防备敌人的。
③The towers were once an important part of the city’s defences.
这些塔楼曾是这座城市防御工事的一个重要部分。
④Hundreds gave their lives in defence of freedom.
数以百计的人为了捍卫自由而献出了自己的生命。
⑤It is used today in self defence and to teach people to control their anger as well as their fears.
当代，人们用它来自卫，以及用来教人们如何抑制愤怒，抵抗恐惧。
自我探究
defence在表示“保卫，防御”的意思时，为不可数名词；表示“防御物；防御工事”时，为可数名词。
⑥When the dog attacked me，I defended myself with a stick.
当狗扑向我时，我用棍子保护自己。
⑦It is the nature of a mother to defend her child from harm.
保护自己的孩子不受伤害是一个母亲的天性。
牛刀小试
根据句意填上合适的介词
(1)他保护同志使其不受伤害。
He defended his comrades ________ harm.
答案：from
(2)这堵墙是抵挡海水的。
This wall is a defence ________ the sea.
答案：against
(3)他说是因自卫而杀死那个人的。
He said that he killed the man ________ self defence.
答案：in
4 The World Wide Web (the web) is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.
万维网是一个网络系统，它允许电脑用户通过因特网来访问众多网站上的信息。
品味经典
①She accessed three different files to find the correct information.
她存取了三个文件以寻找所要的信息。
②The files were accessed every day to keep them up to date.
文件每日存取，使之不断更新。
自我探究
access vt.意为“存取(计算机)文件”。
③Across the world,1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water.
全世界有11亿人无法获取干净的饮用水。
④Students may have free access to the library.
学生可以自由进出图书馆。
⑤The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。
⑥The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world，and it’s accessible through a computer.
因特网是世界上最大的信息来源，人们可以通过计算机来使用它。
⑦The island is only accessible by boat.
只有乘船才能到那个岛上去。
⑧This book is easily accessible to beginners.
这书易于被初学者理解。
牛刀小试
(1)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.
A．access B．passage
C．way D．approach
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：新设计的系统能够让学生便捷、容易地搜索到图书馆的电子资源。这里give...access to...是固定词组，表示“能得到，能进入”，所以选A。
(2)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be________ to the kids.
A．accessible B．relative
C．acceptable D．sensitive
解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：Frank把药放在顶层抽屉中，以确保孩子们够不到。accessible表示“可以得到的，可以接近的”，通常与to搭配。后三项分别表示“相关的”；“可接受的”；“敏感的”。
5It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.
然后，各大学使用这一系统也成为可能。
品味经典
①Air is necessary for people；it is necessary for plants as well.
对人来讲，空气是必不可少的，对植物来说也一样。
②He sent me a letter and some money as well.
他给我寄来一封信，此外还有一些钱。
自我探究
as well意为“也，还”，通常位于句末，对前面的内容进行补充说明。
易混辨析
as well as，as well
两个词组都可以表示“也；还”的意思。
(1)as well 要放在被强调的词语之后，是补充说明；
(2)as well as 是介词短语，连接两个并列成分，强调的是as well as 前面的词语。as well as的关键在于放在主语之后作插入语时的主谓一致的问题。这时它和with，including，together with等用法一样，即主语为as well as插入语前的部分。当as well as 连接两个不定式时，后面的不定式应该省去to。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)计算机在科学研究中使用，在日常生活中也使用。
Computers are used in scientific researches and everyday life ________________.
答案：(1)as well
(2)我父亲以及我的两个哥哥都去过美国。
My father，________________ my two brothers，has been to the USA.
答案：as well as
(3)老师和同学们都要去看电影。
The students as well as the teacher ________________ going to see the film.
答案：are
6 At the moment，about 80 percent of web traffic is in English，but this percentage is going down.
目前，大约百分之八十的网络用语都是英语，但这一比例正在下降。
品味经典
①As the sun went down，the whole sky became suffused with a red glow.
当太阳落山的时候，天空呈现一片红色的霞光。
②The flood waters are going down.洪水渐退。
③The price of petrol is going down.汽油价正在下跌。
自我探究
go down表示“下跌；下降”时，是一个不及物动词，不能用于被动。其反义词组为go up。
④Prices seem to be going up.
物价好像上涨了。
⑤Some experts predict that our government can do nothing to bring down the price of the houses by administrative means but expect it goes down itself.
一些专家预测说我们的政府不能通过行政手段来使房价下跌，只能寄希望于它自己下跌。
牛刀小试
The price of meat ________.I wonder if it will keep up.
A．has gone down
B．will go down
C．has been gone down
D．would go down
解析：选A。句意：猪肉的价格已下降，不知道它能否稳定住。根据第二句的意思可知，猪肉价格已经下降，故第一句用现在完成时；go down为不及物动词短语，只用于主动语态，故选A。
7He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.
1989年，他在瑞士工作的时候，提出了创建万维网的想法。
品味经典
①Is that the best excuse you can come up with
那是你能想出的最好的借口吗？
②I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
我希望你能提出比这个更好的计划。
③We are making our efforts to come up with advanced level.
我们正在努力赶上先进水平。
自我探究
come up with 为及物动词短语，意为“提出；赶上”。
④A new suggestion came up at the meeting.
会上提出了一个新建议。
牛刀小试
介副词填空
(1)The flowers came ________ early because spring is warmer and warmer.
答案：out
(2)How did the strange thing come ________？
答案：about
(3)At last he came ________ an interesting question.
答案：up with
(4)When I come ________ a new word，I put it down in my notebook.
答案：across
(5)The magazine comes ________ once a month.
答案：out
(6)Will the color come ________ when the cloth is washed
答案：out
(7)The question hasn’t come ________ yet.
答案：up
8 He designed the first“web browser”，which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers.
他设计了第一个“网页浏览器”，它使得计算机用户可以访问其他电脑的文件。
品味经典
①It’s been well designed.
设计得很好。
②The book is designed as a reference manual.
这本书被设计成了参考手册。
③The course is designed for beginners.
这门课程是为初学者设计的。
④The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time.
这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。
自我探究
design为及物动词，意为“设计；将……用作”。be designed for...为……而设计；be designed to do...为做……而设计。
⑤We don’t know if it was done by accident or by design.
我们不知道那是偶然的还是故意的。
⑥The building seats 2,000 people，but is of poor design.
这座建筑物可以容纳2,000人，但设计很差。
⑦The weekend party was designed to bring together the designers who took part in designing a bridge.
周末聚会的目的是使参与设计了桥梁的设计者们聚集在一起。
牛刀小试
A famous architect ________ the national stadium.
A．built B．designed
C．made D．produced
解析：选B。句意：一位著名建筑设计师设计了这座国家体育馆。design设计，符合题意。
9 You need permission from the World Wide Web before you can access information.
你需要获得万维网的许可，然后才能获取信息。
品味经典
①You can’t take photos here without permission.
未经许可你不能在这里照相。
②The teacher gave me permission to go home early.
老师准许我早点回家。
自我探究
permission为不可数名词，意为“许可，允许”。
③We do not permit talking in this room.
我们不允许在这个房间里谈话。
④Please permit me to introduce myself.
请允许我做一下自我介绍。
⑤Weather permitting，I will go for an outing.
假如天气允许，我将去远足。
⑥You are not allowed to park here unless you have a permit.
除非你有许可证，否则不许在这里停车。
易混辨析
permit，promise
permit指允许别人做某事，动作由对方完成；
promise指答应别人(向对方承诺)要做某事，动作由承诺人完成。
⑦Father promised me to buy a new bike but he didn’t permit me to do it myself.
父亲答应我买一辆新自行车，但他不允许我自己去买。
牛刀小试
You can’t enter the house without________.
A．permission B．permit
C．permitting D．permitted
解析：选A。句意：“未经许可你不能进入这个房子。permission为不可数名词，而permit表示“许可证”时，是可数名词，要使用冠词。
10 Berners Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet.贝尔纳斯·李使每个人都能使用因特网成为可能。
句型巧析
品味经典
①I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.
我认为乘船去那儿更舒服。
②I found it difficult to explain to him what happened.
我觉得向他解释清发生了什么事很困难。
③They have made it a rule to have sports after school.
他们已经习惯放学后进行运动了。
④We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.
我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。
自我探究
如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make，find，see，hear等时，则把宾语从句或不定式置于宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语，以保持句子的平衡。其结构为：
主语＋谓语动词＋it＋补足语＋不定式/从句。
宾补可以为形容词，也可以是名词。注意如果谓语动词为feel，think，find和consider时，可以把这一句型结构改为that引导的使用形式主语it的宾语从句，但谓语动词的时态要和主句的谓语动词一致。如上面第2句就可改成：
I found it was difficult to explain to him what happened.
牛刀小试
He didn’t make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A．this B．that
C．it D．these
解析：选C。考查it作形式宾语，替代when和where引导真正的宾语从句，其他代词皆无此用法。
11Everyone in the world can access the Internet using his World Wide Web system.
世界上每个人都可以通过他的万维网系统进入因特网。
品味经典
①He had to make a living using his pen.
他不得不靠他的笔来谋生。
②Hearing the news，they all danced for joy.
听到这个消息，他们高兴地跳起舞来。(时间)
③Being a student，I must study hard.
作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。(原因)
④Turning to the left，you will find the place you want.
往左转，你就会找到你要找的地方了。(条件)
自我探究
本句中的using his World Wide Web system为现在分词短语，作方式状语。
现在分词短语可以用作时间、条件、结果、原因等状语。
在使用v. ing形式作状语的时候，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，否则，要使用状语从句形式。
牛刀小试
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city，________all four people on board.
A．killed B．killing
C．kills D．to kill
解析：选B。飞机撞到山上与使飞机上的4名乘客丧生之间是因果关系，所以用v. ing作状语表示结果。
The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world，and it’s accessible through a computer.It consists of millions of pages of data.
译文助读
In 1969，DARPA，a US defence organisation，developed a way for all their computers to “talk”to each other through the telephone.They created a network of computers called DARPANET.For fifteen years，only the US army could use this system of communication.Then in 1984，the US National Science Foundation (NSF) started the NSFNET network.It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.NSFNET became known as the Inter Network，or“Internet”．
The World Wide Web(the web) is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.At the moment，about 80 percent of web traffic is in English，but this percentage is going down.By 2020，much web traffic could be in Chinese.
The World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist，Tim Berners Lee.Berners Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television！He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.
Berners Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet，not just universities and the army.He designed the first “web browser”，which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers.From that moment on，the web and the Internet grew.Within five years，the number of Internet users rose from 600,000 to 40 million.
The Internet has created thousands of millionaires，but Berners Lee is not one of them.Everyone in the world can access the Internet using his World Wide Web system.He now works as a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston.
因特网是世界上最大的信息来源(source)，它可以通过电脑进入(accessible)。它由数百万页数据(data)组成(consist of)。
1969年，美国国防(defence保护；防卫)部的一个组织——DARPA研发出了一种办法，使他们所有的电脑通过电话相互“交谈”。他们创建(create)了一个叫DARPANET的电脑网络(network)。15年间，只有美国军队能够使用这种通讯系统。然后在1984年，美国国家科学基金会启动了NSFNET网络系统。随之，大学也(as well)可以使用这种系统。NSFNET作为互联网络或“因特网”而闻名(become known as)。
万维网是一种电脑网络，它允许电脑用户通过(via)因特网从数百万的网站上获取信息。目前，大约80%的网络信息是用英文传输的，但这个比例(percentage)正在下降(go down)。到2020年，很多网络传输可能会用汉语。
万维网是由一名英国科学家——蒂姆·贝尔·纳斯·李在1991年发明创造的。读大学时，贝尔纳斯·李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑。1989年当他在瑞士工作期间，提出了(come up with)(组建)万维网的想法。
贝尔纳斯·李使人人都能使用因特网，而不仅仅是大学和军队。他设计(design)了第一个“网络浏览器”，允许电脑用户从其他电脑上读取文件(document)。从那时起(from that moment on)，网络和因特网不断发展壮大。在5年的时间里，使用因特网的人数从60万上升到4千万。
因特网造就了成千上万的百万富翁，但贝尔纳斯·李却不是其中一员。世界上的每个人都可以利用他的万维网系统访问因特网。现在他在波士顿麻省理工学院担任讲师。
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