2021年中考英语专题复习：动词和动词短语梳理及专项练习（有答案及解析）

人教版初中英语专题复习：动词和动词短语专项练习
1
一.同一动词＋不同介词／副词
break
短语
break
in
打断；闯入
break
into
破门而入
break
out
爆发
break
up
打碎；结束；解散
break
down
发生故障；抛锚，分解
break
away
脱离，放弃
come短语
come
up
升起；发生
come
up
with
想出（主意）
come
across
(偶然)遇见(或发现)
come
along
进展；一起去
come
down?下降；下落
come
in
进来
come
from?来自
come
back
回来
come
on
赶快；加油
come
out?出版，发行；出现；开花；发芽
come
over
过来；?顺便来访
come
true?(希望、梦想等)实现，成为现实
cut
短语
cut
up
切碎
cut
down
砍到，消减
cut
off
切断，切除
cut
out
删除；删去；剪下
cut
in
插嘴
fall短语
fall
into
落入；陷入
fall
behind
落后
fall
down
摔倒，倒塌
fall
off
(从……上)掉下
fall
asleep
入睡
fall
over
绊倒；跌倒
get短语
get
away
逃离
get
back?返回
get
down
下降
get
on?上车
get
off?下车
get
over
克服
get
up?起床；起来
get
along/on
with
sb.
与某人相处
go短语
go
away?走开;离开
go
back?回去
go
up?上升；增长
go
out?出去；熄灭
go
off（闹钟）发出响声
go
over?仔细检查；复习
go
through?通过
give短语
give
away?赠送；分发
give
back?还给；归还；恢复(健康等)
give
in?投降，屈服
give
out?发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发
give
up?放弃
jump短语
jump
into
跳入
jump
over
跳过
jump
off
跳离
leave短语
leave
for
出发前往；动身去
leave
behind
留下；遗留
leave
out
遗漏；省去；不考虑
leave
alone
不打扰；不理
look短语
look
after
照顾；照看
look
at?看
look
around
环顾四周
look
for?寻找；寻求
look
into
调查
look
out?当心
look
over
(仔细)检查
look
through?浏览
look
up?(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找
look
up
to?钦佩；仰慕；尊敬
look
down
upon?瞧不起
look
forward
to
盼望；期待
put短语
put
away?把……收起来；储存……备用
put
down?写下；放下
put
off?推迟；拖延
put
on?穿上；上演；增加
put
out?扑灭；熄灭(火)；伸出
put
up
张贴；搭建
put
back
放回原处；把（钟）拨慢
take短语
take
away?拿走；带走
take
down?取下；记下；拆卸
take
in?吸入；吞入(体内)
take
out?取出
take
off
脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞
take
up?占据(时间、空间)；开始从事；拿起
take
care?当心；小心
take
after
(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
take
care
of?照看；照顾
turn短语
turn
down?调低；拒绝
turn
up?
调高；出现
turn
on?打开；接通
turn
off
关闭；切断
?
turn
out?结果是
turn
in?上交
send
短语
send
out
发出，发送，派遣
send
up
发射
send
for
派人去请
send
in
寄去，递交
二.不同动词＋同一介词／副词
about短语
care
about
关心；在意
hear
about
（=hear
of
）听说
talk
about?谈论；讨论；
think
about?考虑；认为
throw
about
乱丢；抛撒
worry
about?担心
at短语
point
at
指向
look
at
看（某人）
throw
at
投向；掷向
laugh
at
(sb.)?嘲笑（某人）
knock
at
敲
shout
at（sb.)?对（某人）大喊
aim
at
瞄准；旨在
away短语
get
away?逃离
give
away
赠送；分发
put
away?把……收起来；储存……备用
run
away?逃跑；跑掉
take
away
拿走
throw
away?扔掉
move
away
搬走，移开
back短语
bring
back
恢复；使想起；归还
come
back?回来
get
back?回来；恢复
give
back?归还；送回
go
back
回去
talk
back
回嘴；顶嘴
pay
back
偿还(借款等)
down短语
break
down
停止运转；出故障
calm
down
保持冷静
cut
down?砍倒；削减
fall
down
落下；摔倒
get
down
下来；落下
put
down
写下；记下；放下
shut
down
关上；停业
shoot
down
射下，击落
take
down
拆除；记录
turn
down?调低；关小；拒绝
write
down?写下；记下
in短语
believe
in?信任；信赖
bring
in
引进；生产
check
in
报到；登记
come
in?进来
hand
in?交上；提交；呈送
take
in?吸入；吞入(体内)；理解；欺骗
join
in
参加，加入
of短语
hear
of
听说
think
of
想起；认为；考虑
get
out
of
离开；从……出来
take
care
of?照顾；照看
off短语
break
off?突然中止；中断
cut
off?切除；切断
drop
off
减少；下降
fall
off?从……掉下
get
off?脱下；下车
go
off
(闹钟)发出响声；发出（光、热等）
keep
off?勿踏；勿踩
knock
off
停止做某事
pay
off?偿清(欠款等)
put
off?推迟；拖延
run
off
跑掉；迅速离开
see
off（为某人）送行
set
off?动身（去某地）；起程
send
off
派遣
shut
off?关闭；停止运
take
off
脱下（衣服），（飞机等）起飞
tell
off
责备；分派
turn
off
关闭
on短语
put
on
穿上
turn
on?打开
fight
on?坚持
pass
on
传递
keep
on?继续（进行）
try
on?试穿；试试看
work
on?从事；忙于
depend
on?依赖
come
on?赶快；加油；来吧
hold
on?等一等（别挂电话）
out短语
blow
out
吹灭
break
out?(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发
bring
out
使显现；使表现出
check
out?查看；观察
clean
out?清除；把……打扫干净
clear
out
清理；丢掉
come
out?出版；发表
cut
out
删除；删去
find
out?查明；弄清
get
out
出去，离开
give
out?发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发
go
out
出去；熄灭
hand
out?分发；发放
hang
out
闲逛
keep
out?不让......进入
leave
out
不包括；不提及；忽略
look
out?留神；当心
put
out?扑灭；熄灭(火)
point
out
指出
run
out
用尽；耗尽
sell
out?卖完；售光
set
out
出发；启程
stand
out
?站出来；突出；坚持到底
take
out?取出
work
out?算出；解决
help
(sb.)
out?帮助(某人)解决困难
over短语
come
over
过来；顺便来访
fall
over
绊倒；跌倒
get
over
克服；恢复；原谅
go
over
仔细检查；复习
look
over?(仔细)检查
think
over
仔细考虑
up短语
bring
up?教育；培养；提出
cheer
up?使振奋；使高兴起来(cheer
sb.
up)
clean
up?(把……)打扫干净；(把……)收拾整齐
cut
up?切碎
dress
up?穿上盛装；装扮
eat
up
吃光；吃完
fix
up?修理；修补
get
up
起床
give
up?放弃
grow
up?成长；长大
hang
up?挂断电话
hurry
up?赶快
look
up?(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找
make
up
编造；形成；组成
pick
up?捡起；接电话
put
up?张贴；搭建
ring
up
打电话
send
up
发射，把……送上去
set
up?建立；创立；开办
show
up?出席；露面
stay
up?不睡觉；熬夜
take
up
(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做
think
up?想出
turn
up?开大(声音)；出现
use
up?用完；用光；耗尽
wake
up
醒来
with短语
agree
with?赞同；持相同意见
begin
with?以……开始
connect
with?与……相连
deal
with?处理；应付
catch
up
with
赶上
come
up
with?提出；想出(主意、回答等)
get
along/on
with
sb.?与某人相处
go
on
with?继续
keep
in
touch
with
sb.?与某人保持联系
keep
up
with?与......并驾齐驱；跟上
动词短语同步练习:
(
)1．We
will
never
_______
our
dream
until
it
comes
true
one
day.
A.?give
up
???
B.
give
in
?
C.
give
out
??
D.
give
away
(
)2．—Hurry
up!
I’m
afraid
we
will
miss
the
plane.
—Don’t
worry!
The
plane
will
not?_____?until
12
o’clock.
A.?take
after
??
B.
take
away
??
C.
take
off
??
D.
take
out
(
)3．—Why
does
your
room
look
so
small?
—Because
the
bed
______too
much
space.
A.
takes
up
??
B.
takes
down
??
C.
takes
off
??
D.
takes
away
(
)4．In
order
to
save
the
energy,
we
should
________
lights
in
time
if
we
don’t
need
them.
A.
turn
up
????
B.
turn
down
??????
C.
turn
off
????
D.
turn
on
(
)5．I’m?very
surprised
to?________?an
old
friend
in
Paris.
We
haven’t
seen
each
other
for
years.
A.
come
out
?
B.
come
across
?
C.
come
after
?
D.
come
on
(
)6．It’s
a
good
habit
for
us
that
we
should
never
________
today's
work
till
tomorrow.
A.
put
on
?
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
??
D.
put
down
(
)7．The?doctors
________
the
little
girl
carefully.
They
advised
her
to
take
some
medicine
on
time.
A.
looked
into
?
B.
looked
over
?
C.
looked
for
??
D.
looked
at?
(
)8．—What
do
you
usually
do
in
the
evening,
Tom?
—I
usually
________
the
newspapers
to
find
something
interesting.
A.?look
through
?
B.
look
out
C.
look
around
?
D.
looked
into
(
)9．Mike
and
his
parents
will
________for
Shanghai
to
visit
Disney
Park
tomorrow.
A.
put
off
?????
B.
take
off
???
C.
get
off
?????
D.
set
off
(
)10．This
bus
doesn’t
go
to
the
train
station.
I’m
afraid
you’ll
have
to
________
at
the
library
and
take
the
830.
A.
take
off
?
B.?put
off
?
C.
get
off
?
D.?turn
off
(
)11．—What
are
you
doing
over
there?
—I’m
________a
photo
of
our
family
on
the
wall.
A.
looking
up
?
B.
giving
up
?
C.
making
up
?
D.
putting
up
(
)12．People
along
the
river
didn’t
allow
them
to_______
a
factory
there
in
order
to
protect
the
water.
A.
set
up
??
B.
give
up
????
C.
take
up
????
D.
look
up
(
)13．—Do
you
know
who
_______
my
dictionary?
I
can’t
find
it.
—Sorry,
I
don’t
know,
either.
I
was?out
just
now.
A.?got
away
???
B.
took
away
???
C.
ran
away
??
D.
threw
away
(
)14．—Could
you
tell
me
where
the
fitting
room
is?
I
need
to________
this
pair
of
pants.
—Sure.
Over
there.
A.?work
on
??
B.
pass
on
?
C.
depend
on
??
D.
try
on
(
)15．—When
will
your
new
book_______?
I
can’t
wait
to
read
it.
—Next
month.
A.?give
out
???
B.
come
out
??
C.
work
out
??
D.
sell
out
(
)16．It
took
them
about
five
hours
to
________
the
fire.
Although
the
house
was
destroyed,
nobody
was
hurt.
A.
put
out
?
B.
carry
out
?
C.
work
out
?
D.
find
out
(
)17．The
best
way
of
________
the
problem
is
by
asking
the
teacher
for
help.
A.
beginning
with???
B.
dealing
with
?
C.
connecting
with
?
D.
agreeing
with
(
)18．I
promised
her
to
________
her
child
during
her
business
trip.
A.
agree
with
?
B.
worry
about
??
C.
look
after
??
D.
laugh
at
(
)19．I
often______
the
lessons
with
my
good
friends.
It
is
easier
for
us
to
exchange
some
ideas
with
each
other.
A.
look
for
??
B.
break
in
?
C.
turn
out
?
D.
go
over
(
)20．You’d
better
not_______?late
for
your
favorite
TV
plays.
Enough
sleep
is
necessary
for
your
health.
A.
take
on
?
B.
stay
up
??
C.
put
off
??
D.
turn
down
参考答案：
1.
A【解析】句意：我们永远不会_____
我们的梦想直到它实现的那一天。give
up放弃；give
in屈服；give
out分发；give
away捐赠，根据句意放弃梦想，故选A。
2.
C【解析】句意：“快点！我担心我们将错过飞机”“不要担心！飞机12点前不会
_____。”take
after（外貌或行为）像；take
away拿走；take
off起飞；take
out取出。根据句意飞机应该是起飞，故选C。
3.
A【解析】句意“为什么你的房间看起来这么小？”“因为床_____太多的空间。”takes
up占据；takes
down记下；takes
off脱掉，（飞机等）起飞；takes
away带走，取走。根据语境可知，此处表示“床占据了太多空间，所以房间看上去很小”。故选A。
4.
C【解析】句意：为了节约能源，在我们不需要用灯时，应当及时把他们_____。
turn
up调大，通常指声音等；turn
down调小；turn
off关闭；turn
on打开。根据句意可知，此处是指关掉灯。故选C。
5.
B【解析】句意：我很惊讶在巴黎______一位老朋友。我们很多年都没见面了。come
out出版；come
across偶然遇见；come
after跟随；come
on加油。根据语境可知选B。
6.
B【解析】句意：我们应该决不把今天的事情_______到明天，这对我们来说是一个好习惯。
put
on穿上；
put
off
推迟；put
up张贴；put
down记下，根据句意表示把今天的事情推迟到明天，故选B。
7.
B【解析】句意：医生们仔细地_____
?小女孩。他们建议她按时吃药。looked
into调查；looked
over
(仔细)检查；looked
for
寻找；looked
at看。结合句意可知此处是指医生仔细地检查了那个小女孩。故选B。
8.
A【解析】句意“汤姆，你晚上通常做什么？”“我通常____报纸来找一些有趣的东西。”
look
through浏览；look
out当心；look
around向四周看；looked
into调查。根据句意可知指“浏览”，故选A。
9.
D【解析】句意：迈克和他父母明天将____去上海参观迪斯尼乐园。put
off推迟；take
off脱下，（飞机）起飞；get
off下车；set
off动身（去）。根据句意可知，他们明天动身去上海参观，因此用set
off。故选D。
10.
C【解析】句意：这辆公交车不去火车站。我恐怕你不得不从图书馆_____,
然后转乘A30。take
off
脱下，（飞机）起飞；put
off推迟；get
off下车；turn
off关闭。根据语境可知此处指的是下车，故选C。
11.
D【解析】句意:“你在那边做什么？”“我把一张我们的全家福____在墙上。”looking
up向上看，查找；giving
up放弃；making
up组成，编造；putting
up张贴。根据句意可知“put
up”符合语境，指把照片往墙上贴。故选D。
12.
A【解析】句意：为了保护河水，沿河的人们不允许他们在_______那一个工厂。set
up建立，开业；give
up放弃；take
up从事；占据；look
up查阅，向上看。set
up
a
factory建立一个工厂。故选A。
13.
B【解析】句意：“你知道谁________我的字典吗？我找不到它了”“不好意思，我也不知道。我刚出去了”got
away逃离;took
away拿走；run
away逃跑；threw
away扔掉。根据句意可以是询问谁拿走了我的字典，故选B。
14.
D【解析】句意：“你能告诉我试衣间在哪里吗？我需要________这条裤子。”“当然可以。在那边”work
on从事；pass
on传递；depend
on依赖；try
on试穿。根据句意寻找试衣间，表示要试穿这条裤子，故选D。
15.
B【解析】句意：“你的新书什么时候_______？我迫不及待地想读它。”“下个月”give
out
分发；come
out
出版；work
out
解决；sell
out卖光。根据句意“我”想读你的书，可知询问的是新书什么时候出版，故选B。
16.
A【解析】句意：他们花费了大约5个小时才把火____。尽管房子被毁坏了，但没人受伤。put
out扑灭，熄灭；carry
out实施；work
out算出，解决；find
out查明。根据语境可知，此处指“花了将近5个小时才把火扑灭”，故选A。
17.
B【解析】句意：_______这个问题最好的方法是寻求老师的帮助。beginning
with以......开始；dealing
with
处理；connecting
with与......相连；agreeing
with赞同。deal
with
the
problem处理问题，故选B。
18.
C
【解析】句意：我承诺在她出差期间帮她____她的小孩。agree
with同意；worry
about担心；look
after照顾，照料；laugh
at嘲笑。分析语境可知，此处指照顾小孩。故选C。
19.
D【解析】句意：我经常和我的好朋友一起______功课。对我们来说，相互交流一下想法更容易了。look
for寻找；break
in打断；turn
out证明是，结果是；go
over复习。分析句意可知此处是复习功课。故选D。
20.
B【解析】句意：你最好不要为了你喜欢的电视剧____太晚。充足的睡眠对你的健康来说是必要的。take
on呈现；stay
up熬夜；put
off推迟；turn
down关掉,拒绝。根据语境可知建议不要熬夜太晚看电视剧。故选B。