Unit 5 Theme parks 构词法课件(共24张PPT)

Unit 5　Theme parks
Section B　Learning about Language
单元语法
构词法
英语构词法主要有三种：派生法、合成法和转化法。
要点一　派生法
在一个词根的前面或后面加上某个词缀生成一个新词，这种构词法称为派生法。加在前面的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀。
题组练·领悟方法
（1）前缀
前缀一般只改变词的意义，不改变词性。
（2）后缀
后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其他词性的词，少数后缀会改变词义。
单句语法填空
（1）［2019·全国Ⅰ 卷］Learning English as a second language can be a ________（pain） experience.
（2）［2019·全国Ⅰ卷］_________（popular） is a well-explored subject in social psychology.
（3）［2019·全国Ⅰ卷］If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more ________（deep），allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉） and your brain.
（4）［2019·全国Ⅰ卷］The _____________（environment）challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.
（5）［2019·全国Ⅰ卷］I became _________（interest）in playing football thanks to a small accident.
（6）［2019·全国Ⅱ卷］I’m ________（secret） relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.
（7）［2019·全国Ⅱ卷］Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming a（n） __________（value）member of the team.
painful
Popularity
deeply
environmental
interested
secretly
invaluable
（8）［2019·全国Ⅱ卷］That relief is coupled with a deep_____________（understand） of why the same people keep coming back for more.
（9）［2019·全国Ⅱ卷］That ________（free） to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.
（10）［2019·全国Ⅱ 卷］You also need to judge the quality and ________（deep） of your motivation.
（11） He spoiled my __________（enjoy） of the film by talking all the time.
（12） It was totally ______________（understand） that you stayed at home when you were sick.
（13） We need to find a ________（solve） to the problem as soon as possible.
（14）［2017·浙江卷］But something made her look closer，and she noticed a _____________（shine）object.
（15）［2017·全国Ⅱ卷］This development was only possible with the ____________（introduce）of electric-powered engines and lifts.
（16）［2017·全国Ⅱ卷］Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been ________（fair）unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.
understanding
freedom
depth
enjoyment
understandable
solution
shiny/shining
introduction
fairly
（17）［2019·全国Ⅱ卷］One was that I was ________（amaze）at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.
（18）［2019·全国Ⅱ 卷］But we ________（sincere）hope you will give us your guidance and _______________（encourage）.
（19）［2019·全国Ⅲ卷］For Western _________（design），China and its rich culture have long been an ___________（inspire） for Western ________（create）.
（20）［2019·全国Ⅲ卷］For Hill，it is __________（possible）not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.
（21）［2019·全国Ⅲ卷］__________（publish）already in business，people who were owners of __________（success） papers，had little desire to change the tradition.
amazed
sincerely
encouragement
designers
inspiration
creative
impossible
Publishers
successful
要点二　合成法
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫合成法，由合成法构成的词叫合成词。
（1）合成名词的主要构成方法
（2）合成动词的主要构成方法
（3）合成形容词的主要构成方法
（4）合成副词的主要构成方法
（5）合成介词的主要构成方法
◆学法点拨
合成词的量很大，有时一个名词可以合成许多合成词。
handbag 手提包 handshake 握手 handwriting 书法 handkerchief 手绢
译成汉语
（1）mankind ________ （2）eggplant ________ （3）shorthand ________
（4）blackboard ________ （5）sunrise ________ （6）haircut ________
（7）pickpocket ________ （8）playground ________ （9）downfall ________
（10）income________ （11）commander-in-chief ________
（12）passer-by ________ （13）seafood ________ （14）watermelon________
（15）snowfall ________ （16）horse-riding________ （17）water-cool________
（18）quick-charge_________ （19）outact____________
（20）world-famous_________ （21）peace-loving__________
（22）heart-broken________ （23）takeaway__________
人类
茄子
速记
黑板
日出
理发
扒手
操场
垮台
收入
总司令
路人
海鲜
西瓜
下雪
骑马
用水冷却
快速充电
行动上胜过
世界闻名的
热爱和平的
伤心的
外卖食物
先合成词，再填空
（1） It’s a good idea to start a __________ job to make extra money.
（2） It’s enough to use a __________ radio to pick up the programme.
（3） Walt Disney，the great __________，was born in Chicago.
（4） The Dead Sea is very ________，at around 430 metres below sea level.
（5） We’re having a little ____________ to celebrate his birthday.
（6） They often perform in the streets for the __________.
（7） I’m sure you will be ___________.
（8） __________ use of fertilizers can cause damage to land or people.
（9） The snake is a ____________ creature，and it hibernates in winter.
（10） Please help me find a __________ to look after my son this afternoon.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}A. part，long，passer，film，short，well，cold，baby，get，low
B. by，known，time，maker，wave，sitter，term，together，lying，blooded
part-time
short-wave
film-maker
low-lying
get-together
passers-by
well-known
Long-term
cold-blooded
baby-sitter
要点三　转化法
一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性，这种构词法称为转化法。
（1）由名词转化为动词
（2）由动词转化为名词
（3）由形容词转化为动词
（4）由形容词转化为名词
（5）由副词转化为动词
（6）由名词或数词转化为副词
（7）由形容词转化为副词
long adj. 冗长的；长的→ adv. 长时间地，长久地
hard adj. 硬的，难的→ adv. 激烈地；努力地
（8）个别词在一定场合下可转化为名词
◆误区警示
转化时，有些单词的读音可能会有所变化。如：
use/ju?s/ n. 使用，用途 use/ju?z/ v. 使用
close/kl??z/ v. 关闭 close/kl??s/ adj. 接近的；亲密的
separate/?sepr?t/ adj. 分开的 separate/?sep?re?t/ v. 分开
estimate/?est?m?t/ n. 估计 estimate/?est?me?t/ v. 估计
record/r??k??d/ v. 记录 record/?rek??d/ n. 记录，纪录
increase/?n?kri?s/ v. 增加 increase/???kri?s/ n. 增加
present/pr??zent/ v. 赠送；呈现 present/?preznt/ n. 礼物；礼品
汉译英
（1） face n. 脸→ v. __________
（2） house n. 房屋→ v. __________
（3） nurse n. 护士→ v. __________
（4） water n. 水→ v. __________
（5） cure v. 治愈→ n. __________
（6） lead v. 领导→ n. __________
（7） bargain vi. 讨价还价→ n. __________
（8） signal v. 发信号→ n. __________
（9） call v. 打电话→ n. __________
（10） empty adj. 空的→ v.__________
面对
提供住处
护理
浇水
治愈
领先地位
便宜货
信号
电话，通话
把……腾空
（11） narrow adj. 狭窄的→ v. __________
（12） slow adj. 慢的→ v. __________
（13） better adj. 较好的→ v. __________
（14） free adj. 自由的→ v. __________
（15） total adj. 总的，全部的→ n. __________
（16） brief adj. 简短的，简要的→ n. __________
（17） good adj. 好的→ n. __________
（18） forward adv. 向前→ v. __________
（19） near adv. 靠近地→ v. __________
（20） home n. 家→ adv. __________
（21） first num. 第一→ adv. __________
使变窄
减慢，使变慢
使改善
释放
总数，合计
摘要，概要
好处
转寄，转运
靠近，接近
回家
首先，最初
基础知识自测
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1.［2018·全国Ⅰ 卷］The team transforms the family’s long weekend of __________（celebrate） with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
2.［2018·全国Ⅰ卷］Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help ________（design）approach this important point.
3.［2018·全国Ⅰ 卷］But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of ________（decide） you need to make about color in your home：the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones.
4.［2017·全国Ⅲ卷］She is determined to carry on with her ________（educate）.
5.［2017·全国Ⅲ卷］It is ________（certain） fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
6.［2016·全国Ⅱ 卷］Recent ________（study） show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________（regular）.
综合练·提升能力
celebration 　
designers 　
decisions 　
education 　
certainly 　
studies 　
regularly 　
7.［2016·四川卷］Any smell might attract natural ________（enemy） that would try to eat the little comforting pats.
8.［2017·全国Ⅰ卷］However，be ________（care） not to go to extremes.
9.［2017·全国Ⅰ卷］In the summer holiday following my __________（eighteen） birthday，I took driving lessons.
10.［2016·全国Ⅲ卷］Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________（gradual） turned into chopsticks.
11.［2017· 全国Ⅲ 卷］I enjoyed studying ________（difference） kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the ________（late） music albums.
12.［2017·全国Ⅰ卷］It was a relief and I came to a ________（suddenly） stop just in the middle on the road.
13.［2017·全国Ⅱ卷］This development was only possible with the __________（introduce） of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ________（success） of these new lines，and was opened in 1900.
enemies 　
careful 　
eighteenth 　
gradually 　
different 　
latest 　
sudden 　
introduction 　
successful 　
14.［2018·全国Ⅱ卷］Data shows that kids and teens who do read ________（frequent），compared to ________（frequent） readers，have more books in the home，more books purchased for them，parents who read more often，and parents who set aside time for them to read.
15.［2018·全国Ⅱ卷］Working out in the morning provides ________（add） benefits beyond being physically fit.
16.［2016·全国Ⅰ 卷］But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________（attract）.
17.［2016·全国Ⅰ卷］The title will be ________（official）given to me at a ceremony in London.
18.［2016·全国Ⅱ卷］Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ___________（achieve）.
19.［2016·上海卷］Do you find yourself getting impatient or ________（annoy） with people over unimportant things?
20.［2015·全国Ⅱ卷］In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their________（able） to “air condition” a house without ________（use） electric equipment.
frequently 　
infrequent 　
additional 　
attraction 　
officially 　
achievement 　
annoyed 　
ability 　
using 　
学科素养提升
Ⅲ 语法填空
A　　主题：人与自我（生活）　　体裁：记叙文　　话题：苏珊的职业
　　Young people often have 1________（difficult）selecting the right kind of job. However，for Susan Thomas，the second woman to rise 2__________（successful） through the ranks to become Chief Constable，it was 3_________（possible） to consider doing anything else. Her 4_________（educate）was different. She changed school 7 times! But it made her have the 5________（able） to adapt（适应）to different 6________（situation）.
　　After university，she joined in a police promotion（晋升） program. She realized later what a great 7___________（achieve） it was to pass the exam. Before the exam，she received some training. The training was 8__________（exhaust）. The job itself is 9________（hard） than most people imagine. Susan works ten hours a day. But she is convinced that her 10________（choose） of career is the right one.
difficulty
successfully
impossible
education
ability
situations
achievement
exhausting
harder
choice
B　　主题：人与自然（环境保护）　　体裁：记叙文　　话题：公园里捡垃圾的乌鸦
　　Crows（乌鸦） are remarkably intelligent birds. Now these feathered geniuses are given a job：Six crows have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France. Whenever the six crows put cigarette ends or other small 1________ （piece） of trash in a special container，it offers a treat to reward the crows 2________ their efforts.
　　The idea came from one of the park’s employees，Christophe. In 2012，the theme park held a show during which the crows picked up roses and brought them to a “princess”. It was the show 3________ inspired him. Since then，six crows 4_______________（raise） and trained to do the same with rubbish. The training system is similar to the one for testing crows’ intelligence，5________ a food dispenser（分发器） gives away a food reward when a crow 6________ （correct） performs a task. Christophe also introduced other species of birds to go through the training. 7_________ （compare） with other birds，crows are much cleverer.
　　The purpose of 8________ （train） the crows is to educate the people to reflect on themselves. Since the birds are able to protect the environment，we need to care about it too. “It is 9________ funny way to remind people not 10________（throw） the rubbish everywhere，”said Christophe.
pieces
for
that
have been raised
where
correctly
Compared
training
a
to throw　
The end!