高中英语阅读满分技巧之综合细节题 学案
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高中英语阅读满分技巧
一、 重
“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。
文本是题源所在，如果将_è?????????????????_人员，那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正是通过对文章的深入剖析，才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中，让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。www-2-1-cnjy-com
1. 阅读的不良习惯
要养成良好的阅读习惯，首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯，对号入座，看你有否。
心译：读一句心译一句，句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;
指读：阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子，边移边读;
逐字逐句：一字一句，字字重视，句句关心，生怕漏掉一个单词，眉毛胡子一把抓;
见生即查：阅读时欲将生词各个击破，完全扫清阅读障碍，认为只要没有生词，便可洞悉文章;
出声：阅读时发出声音，全篇诵读，字字句句，丝毫不拉;
唇读：阅读时虽没有发出声音，但唇随句变，词带舌移，只是声带未颤，声音未出;
默读：没有出声，也没有唇动舌移，但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。
以上不良习惯要_????????????é??è??_思维的连贯性，要么会破坏对文本的整体理解，而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难，只是时间不够”，这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。
2. 以意群为单位，成组视读
分清意群，停顿娴熟_???????????????è??_的关键，更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位，而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视，不是一个词一个词的去默看，而是向探照灯一样根据意群，一组组的进行扫视，这时额头成了一个通道，被收纳的是信息，而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力，非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。
3. 首尾在心，紧扣中心
任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图_??????????????????_章都会有自己的中心主旨，而能否明晰作者的写作意图，能否把握文章的主旨，是理解一篇文章的关键，也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平，出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。
一般来说，文章的主旨经常_???è??è?¨è?°??¨???_章的首尾中，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点，因此同学们应格外注意它们。
4. 学会跳读，心中有图
阅读理解要做_??°???????????????_林，又有树木，既要统揽全文，又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文，了解大意，又可用来搜寻细节，锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体，又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译，而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络，使之直观化、形象化、具体化。
5. 善于猜测词义
各类考试都允_è???????°3%???_超纲词汇，这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示，考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语，直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可，比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等，而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意，因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍，一定不能因之而恐慌，从而影响发挥。
对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词，文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示，只要细心，只要思路开阔，就一定能发现线索，确定其含义。
二、定
“定”——“定区间”。能够圈定各题答案的范围。
出题者一般都是根据文本的_??????????????????_一段的某一句，或某一句的某一词，或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查，锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域，为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样，要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫猫”，就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心，进而准确定位，圈定范围，定能一抓一个准。
总的来说，每个问题都对应于_??????????????????_区间，或显或隐，或大或小，或段或句或词，考生要擦亮眼睛，善于定位，为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。
三、 划
“划”——“划根据”。作答时理由要充分，并在文章中划出解题依据。
能够在文本中划出解题根据是正_???è§?é????????é??_，更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。猎人有句行话，叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”，在这儿我要告诉各位同学，在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分，根据凿实，这是“不仅知其然，而且知其所以然”的超高境界，是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲，“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。21世纪教育网版权所有
四、看
“看”——“看转换”。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意转述)。
英语语言相当丰富，同一意思_???????¤??§???????_表达，以避免语言表述上的单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例，英语中就有不下就中表达：21*cnjy*com
1. decide to do sth. 2. make a decision to do sth.
3. determine to do sth. 4. be determined to do sth.
5. make a determination to do sth 6. resolve to do sth.
7. make a resolu_tion_t_o do sth. 8. make up one’s mind to do sth.
9. set one’s mind to do sth.
出题者设计试题时总会用不同的语言结构对文本中的某些信息进行同意转述。有的转述会很明显，可以一目了然;但也不乏隐含很深的转述。
五、 防
“防”——“防陷井”。锁定是“true”还是“not true”，辨明形近词。
英语阅读中的陷阱设_?????????è§???????_两种，判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型，考生做题前一定要认真审题，看准是“true”还是“not true”，是“right”还是“wrong”，然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为，这么简单的事怎么会错?其实不然，在考场高度紧张的情况下，什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“not true”看反而懊恼不已，顿足捶胸?
对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”，三思而后选。只要细心，此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。
归根到底，“防”的主要_???è±????è???·±???_防止慌张，防止粗心大意，防止那些“想当然”的想法，防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对，处处留心，任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。
六、读
“读”——“读全项”。做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项，区分鉴别，选择最佳。
阅读理解是从三个_?????????é??é?????_选出一个最佳选项，解题时考生要通读所有选项，比较鉴别，确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断，匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时，选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”，通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。
高考英语阅读高频难词
1. alter v. 改变；变更 2. burst v./n. 突然发生；爆裂
3.dispose v. 布置；去掉；清除 4. blast n. 爆炸；气流 v. 爆破
5.consume v. 消耗；耗尽 6. split v. 劈开；割裂 adj.裂开的
7.spit v. 吐痰；吐口水 8. spill v. 溢出；溅出
9.slip v. 滑倒；溜走 10.slide v. 滑动；溜走 n. 滑落；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种类；品种 v. 繁殖
13.budget n. 预算 v. 把……编入预算；作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人
15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal adj. 自由主义的；心胸宽阔的
17.transform v. 使改变形态；使改观 18.transmit v. 传输；传播；发射
19.transplant v.__?§??¤?____ 20.transport v. 运输；运送 n. 运输
21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化；改变；使多样化
23.vanish__vi._???_灭；不见 24.swallow v. 吞下；咽下 n. 燕子
25.suspicion n. _???????????????__ 26.suspicious adj. 怀疑的；可疑的
27.mild adj. 温和的；轻微的；淡味的 28.tender adj. 温柔的；嫩的
29.nuisance n. 损害；讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant adj. 无意义的；不重要的21教育网
31.accelerate v. 加速；促进 32.absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的
33.boundary n. 分界线；边界 34.brake n. 刹车；闸 v. 刹车
35.catalog n. 目录 v. 为……编目录 36.vague adj. 模糊的；不明确的
37.vain n. 徒劳；白费 38.extinct adj. 绝灭的
39.extr_aordin_ary adj. 不平常的；非凡的 40.extreme adj. 极度的；极端的 n. 极端
41.agent n. 代理人；代理商 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料；酒精
43.appeal n./v. 呼吁；恳求 44.appreciate v. 感激；欣赏
45.approve v. 赞成；同意；批准 46.stimulate v. 刺激；激励
47.acquire v. 取得；获得；学到 48.accomplish v. 完成；到达
49.network n. 网状物；广播网；网络 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流
51.tidy adj. 整洁的；整齐的 52.trace v. 追踪；找到 n. 痕迹；踪迹
53.torture n./v. 拷打；折磨 54.wander vi. 漫游；闲逛
55.wax n. 蜡 56.weave v. 织；编
57.preserve v. 保护；保存；维持 58.abuse v. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
59.academic adj. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 60.academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会
61.battery n. 电池（组） 62.barrier n. 障碍物；阻力
63.cargo n. 货物；船货 64.career n. 生涯；职业
65.vessel n. 船舶；容器；血管 66. vertical adj. 垂直的
67.oblige v. 迫使；迫使 68.obscure adj. 阴暗的；模糊的
69.extent n. 程度；范围；大小 70.exterior n. 外部；外表 adj.外部的；表面的
71.external adj. 外部的；表面的 72.petrol n. 汽油www.21-cn-jy.com
73.petroleum n. 石油 74.delay v./n. 推迟；延误；耽搁
75.decay v. 腐烂；腐朽 76.decent adj. 正派的；体面的
77.route n. 路线；航线 78.ruin v. 毁坏；破坏 n. 毁灭；[pl.]废墟
79.sake n. 缘故；理由 80.satellite n. 卫星21·世纪*教育网
81.scale n. 大小；规模 82.temple n. 庙宇2-1-c-n-j-y
83.tedious adj. 乏味道；单调的 84.tend v. 易于；趋向
85.tendency n. 趋向；趋势 86.ultimate adj. 极限的；最终的 n. 精华；极品
87.undergo v. 经历；遭受 88.abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的；大量的
89.adopt v. 收养；采取 90.adapt v. 适应；改编
91.bachelor n. 学士；单身汉 92.casual adj. 偶然的；临时的；非正式的
93.trap n. 陷阱；圈套 v. 诱捕；使……陷入困境94.vacant adj. 空的；未占用的
95.vacuum n. 真空；真空吸尘器 96.oral adj. 口头的；口述的
97.optics n. 光学 98. virtue n. 美德；优点
99.virtual adj. 实际上的；事实上的 100.orient v. 朝向；使适应；确定方向
101. organ n. 器官；风琴 102.excess n. 过度；过量；过剩
103.expel v. 驱逐；把……开除 104.expend v. 消费；花费
105.expenditure n. 支出；花费；经费 106.expense n. 开销；费用
107.expensive adj. 花钱的；价格贵的 108.expand v. 扩大；扩张；展开；使膨胀
109.expansion n. 扩大；扩充；扩展；膨胀 110.private adj. 私人的；个人的
111.individual adj. 个别的；个人的 n. 个人；112.personal adj. 个人的；私人的；亲自的
113.personnel n. 全体人员；人事部门 114.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
115.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 116.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
117.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 118.grant v. 授予；同意；准予
119.grand adj. 宏伟的；壮丽的；重大的 120.invade v. 侵入；侵略；侵袭
121.acid n. 酸 adj.酸的；刻薄的 122.acknowledge v. 承认；感谢
123.balcony n. 阳台 124.calculate v. 计算；核算
125.calendar n. 日历 126.optimistic adj. 乐观的
127.optional adj. 可选择的；任意的 128.outstanding adj. 杰出的；突出的；显著的
129.export n. 出口；输出；出口产品 v. 出口；输出130.import n.进口；输入 v. 进口；引进
131.impose v. 把……加强(on)；采用；推行 132.religion n. 宗教
133.religious adj. 宗教的 134.victim n. 牺牲品；受害者
135.video n. 电视；视频 adj.电视的；录像的 136.videotape n. 录像带 v. 把…录到录像带上
137.offend v. 冒犯；触犯 138.bother v. 打搅；麻烦
139.interfere v. 干涉；干扰；妨碍 140.internal adj. 内部的；国内的
141.beforehand adv. 预先；事先 142.racial adj. 人种的；种族的
143.radiation n. 放射物；辐射 144.radical adj. 根本的；激进的
145.range n. 幅度；范围 v.（在某范围内）变动146.wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹 v. 想知道；惊讶
147.isolate v. 使隔离；使孤立 148.issue n. 问题；争论点；发行；（报刊）一期
149.hollow adj. 空的；中空的 150.hook n. 钩 v. 钩住
151.adequate adj. 适当的；充足的 152.adhere v. 粘着；依附；遵守；坚持
153.ban v. 取缔；禁止 154.capture v. 俘虏；捕获
155.valid adj. 有效的；有根据的；正当的 156.valley n. 山谷；峡谷
157.consistent adj. 坚持的；一致的；始终如一的 158.continuous adj. 继续的；连续不断的
159.continual adj. 持续不断的；频繁的 160.explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增
161.exploit v. 剥削；利用；开采 162.explore v. 勘探
163.explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增 164.explosive adj. 易爆炸的；可能引起冲动的；激增的
165.remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的 166.removal n. 移动；消除；免职
167.render v. 使成为；使变得；给予；提供 168.precaution n. 预防；警惕
169.idle adj. 懒惰的；闲散的 170.identify v. 认出；鉴定
171.identity n. 身份；特征 172.poverty n. 贫穷21·cn·jy·com
173.resistant adj. 抵抗的；阻止的 174.resolve v. 决定；溶解
175.barrel n. 桶 176.bargain n. 便宜货 v. 讨价还价
177.coarse adj. 粗糙的；粗俗的 178.coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车
179.code n. 准则；法规；密码 180.coil n. 线圈 v. 盘绕
181.adult n. 成年人 182.advertise v. 为……做广告
183.advertisement n. 广告 184.agency n. 中介；经销处
185.focus v. （使）聚集 n. 焦点；中心 186.forbid v. 不许；禁止
187.debate n./v. 辩论；争论 188.debt n. 欠债
189.decade n. 十年 190.enclose v. 围绕；把……装入信封
191.encounter v./n. 遭遇；偶然碰到 192.globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪
193.global adj. 全球的；总括的 194.scan v. 扫描；浏览
195.scandal n. 丑事；丑闻 196. significance n. 意义；重要性
197.subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的
高考英语题型解读专题1 ----阅读理解之细节理解题
预习作业
1. Ge_tting__rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early__16th__century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.....
1．The kings of__Franc_e and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.
A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
2. Imagin_ation__and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. Fred Epstein, in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.
Tom lov_ed_to__pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes, Dr Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.
26. What do we know about Tom?
A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy.
C. He wa_s_craz_y about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient.
3. The d_ay_bef_ore his third trip to the operating room, Tom was terribly afraid. “Maybe I could go as Superman,” he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. She had avoided buying the expensive costume (戏装)，but finally she agreed.
The next__day_T_om appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way. And Tom, with the strength of his fantasy, successfully made it through the operation.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
28. When Tom went for the third operation, he .
A. pretended to be painful B. acted like a superhero
C. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother
4. Honey _from_t_he African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper - a little bird called a honey guide.
60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?
A. It's small in size. B. It's hidden in trees.
C. It's covered with wax. D. It's hard to recognize.
5. (2014四川,A)体裁:应用文 词数:185
Do you want__to_ge_t home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life?
If yes, don'_t_care_ about sex or age! Come and join us, and then you'll make it!?
Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant
(No Pay with Free Meals)
Place: Manchester
Hours: Part Time
We are now _lookin_g for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don't miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!
Role:
You wi_ll_pro_vide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.
Skills and Experience Required:
You wil_l_have_ the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you'll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.
1.The text is meant to________.?
A. leave a note B. send an invitation
C. present a document D. carry an advertisement【版权所有：21教育】
2.The volu_nteers_' primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities________.?
A.to get some financial support
B.to properly protect themselves
C.to learn some new living skills
D.to realize their own importance
3.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?________2·1·c·n·j·y
A. The one who can drive a car.
B. The one who has done similar work before.
C. The one who has patience to listen to others.
D. The one who can use English to communicate.
6. As th_e_rail_roads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19th cen_tury_s_aw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar p_lants__and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade offs__will__have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lastin_g_effe_cts of these trade offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The mo_ney_se_t aside in negotiated trade offs and the institution that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
1．What was the__probl_em caused by the construction of the railways?_____
A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
B. Some railroad stops remained underused.
C. Land in the West was hard to manage.
D. Land grants went into private hands.
2．What is _the_ma_jor concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?______ 【出处：21教育名师】
A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.
C. The con_servat_ion of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place.
3．What is the author's attitude towards building solar plants?______
A. Cautious. B. Approving.
C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
4．Which is the best title for the passage?______
A. How the Railways Have Affected the West
B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled21cnjy.com
7.运用实践（用最快的速度解题）
A
Train Information
All cu_stomer_s travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Que_enslan_d Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property（失物招领）
Call Lost__Prope_rty on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost pr_operty_ office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holi_days,__generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia _Day,_A_nzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day__servi_ces operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations _have_w_heelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6:42pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7:37pm
7:29pm Central Varsity Lakes 8:52pm
8:57pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9:52pm
11:02pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12:22am
21. What would you do get ticker information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink .com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?21*cnjy*com
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Wh_ich_tr_ain would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?21教育名师原创作品
A.6:42 pm. B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.
魅力英语欣赏：
One who is fil_led_wi_th knowledge always behaves with elegance. 腹有诗书气自华。
In July, the _cricke_ts are in the field; In August, they are in the yard; In September, they are at the door; In October, the crickets enter and crawl under our beds. 七月在野，八月在宇，九月在户，十月蟋蟀入我床下。
答案：
预习作业：
C 2.A 3.B 4.B
5 DDB
6 C B A .B
CBB
_21?????????è?????(www.21cnjy.com)_
高中英语阅读满分技巧
一、 重
“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。
文本是题源所在，如果将_è?????????????????_人员，那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正是通过对文章的深入剖析，才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中，让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。www-2-1-cnjy-com
1. 阅读的不良习惯
要养成良好的阅读习惯，首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯，对号入座，看你有否。
心译：读一句心译一句，句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;
指读：阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子，边移边读;
逐字逐句：一字一句，字字重视，句句关心，生怕漏掉一个单词，眉毛胡子一把抓;
见生即查：阅读时欲将生词各个击破，完全扫清阅读障碍，认为只要没有生词，便可洞悉文章;
出声：阅读时发出声音，全篇诵读，字字句句，丝毫不拉;
唇读：阅读时虽没有发出声音，但唇随句变，词带舌移，只是声带未颤，声音未出;
默读：没有出声，也没有唇动舌移，但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。
以上不良习惯要_????????????é??è??_思维的连贯性，要么会破坏对文本的整体理解，而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难，只是时间不够”，这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。
2. 以意群为单位，成组视读
分清意群，停顿娴熟_???????????????è??_的关键，更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位，而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视，不是一个词一个词的去默看，而是向探照灯一样根据意群，一组组的进行扫视，这时额头成了一个通道，被收纳的是信息，而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力，非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。
3. 首尾在心，紧扣中心
任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图_??????????????????_章都会有自己的中心主旨，而能否明晰作者的写作意图，能否把握文章的主旨，是理解一篇文章的关键，也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平，出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。
一般来说，文章的主旨经常_???è??è?¨è?°??¨???_章的首尾中，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点，因此同学们应格外注意它们。
4. 学会跳读，心中有图
阅读理解要做_??°???????????????_林，又有树木，既要统揽全文，又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文，了解大意，又可用来搜寻细节，锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体，又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译，而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络，使之直观化、形象化、具体化。
5. 善于猜测词义
各类考试都允_è???????°3%???_超纲词汇，这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示，考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语，直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可，比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等，而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意，因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍，一定不能因之而恐慌，从而影响发挥。
对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词，文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示，只要细心，只要思路开阔，就一定能发现线索，确定其含义。
二、定
“定”——“定区间”。能够圈定各题答案的范围。
出题者一般都是根据文本的_??????????????????_一段的某一句，或某一句的某一词，或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查，锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域，为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样，要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫猫”，就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心，进而准确定位，圈定范围，定能一抓一个准。
总的来说，每个问题都对应于_??????????????????_区间，或显或隐，或大或小，或段或句或词，考生要擦亮眼睛，善于定位，为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。
三、 划
“划”——“划根据”。作答时理由要充分，并在文章中划出解题依据。
能够在文本中划出解题根据是正_???è§?é????????é??_，更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。猎人有句行话，叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”，在这儿我要告诉各位同学，在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分，根据凿实，这是“不仅知其然，而且知其所以然”的超高境界，是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲，“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。21世纪教育网版权所有
四、看
“看”——“看转换”。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意转述)。
英语语言相当丰富，同一意思_???????¤??§???????_表达，以避免语言表述上的单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例，英语中就有不下就中表达：21*cnjy*com
1. decide to do sth. 2. make a decision to do sth.
3. determine to do sth. 4. be determined to do sth.
5. make a determination to do sth 6. resolve to do sth.
7. make a resolu_tion_t_o do sth. 8. make up one’s mind to do sth.
9. set one’s mind to do sth.
出题者设计试题时总会用不同的语言结构对文本中的某些信息进行同意转述。有的转述会很明显，可以一目了然;但也不乏隐含很深的转述。
五、 防
“防”——“防陷井”。锁定是“true”还是“not true”，辨明形近词。
英语阅读中的陷阱设_?????????è§???????_两种，判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型，考生做题前一定要认真审题，看准是“true”还是“not true”，是“right”还是“wrong”，然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为，这么简单的事怎么会错?其实不然，在考场高度紧张的情况下，什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“not true”看反而懊恼不已，顿足捶胸?
对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”，三思而后选。只要细心，此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。
归根到底，“防”的主要_???è±????è???·±???_防止慌张，防止粗心大意，防止那些“想当然”的想法，防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对，处处留心，任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。
六、读
“读”——“读全项”。做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项，区分鉴别，选择最佳。
阅读理解是从三个_?????????é??é?????_选出一个最佳选项，解题时考生要通读所有选项，比较鉴别，确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断，匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时，选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”，通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。
高考英语阅读高频难词
1. alter v. 改变；变更 2. burst v./n. 突然发生；爆裂
3.dispose v. 布置；去掉；清除 4. blast n. 爆炸；气流 v. 爆破
5.consume v. 消耗；耗尽 6. split v. 劈开；割裂 adj.裂开的
7.spit v. 吐痰；吐口水 8. spill v. 溢出；溅出
9.slip v. 滑倒；溜走 10.slide v. 滑动；溜走 n. 滑落；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种类；品种 v. 繁殖
13.budget n. 预算 v. 把……编入预算；作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人
15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal adj. 自由主义的；心胸宽阔的
17.transform v. 使改变形态；使改观 18.transmit v. 传输；传播；发射
19.transplant v.__?§??¤?____ 20.transport v. 运输；运送 n. 运输
21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化；改变；使多样化
23.vanish__vi._???_灭；不见 24.swallow v. 吞下；咽下 n. 燕子
25.suspicion n. _???????????????__ 26.suspicious adj. 怀疑的；可疑的
27.mild adj. 温和的；轻微的；淡味的 28.tender adj. 温柔的；嫩的
29.nuisance n. 损害；讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant adj. 无意义的；不重要的21教育网
31.accelerate v. 加速；促进 32.absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的
33.boundary n. 分界线；边界 34.brake n. 刹车；闸 v. 刹车
35.catalog n. 目录 v. 为……编目录 36.vague adj. 模糊的；不明确的
37.vain n. 徒劳；白费 38.extinct adj. 绝灭的
39.extr_aordin_ary adj. 不平常的；非凡的 40.extreme adj. 极度的；极端的 n. 极端
41.agent n. 代理人；代理商 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料；酒精
43.appeal n./v. 呼吁；恳求 44.appreciate v. 感激；欣赏
45.approve v. 赞成；同意；批准 46.stimulate v. 刺激；激励
47.acquire v. 取得；获得；学到 48.accomplish v. 完成；到达
49.network n. 网状物；广播网；网络 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流
51.tidy adj. 整洁的；整齐的 52.trace v. 追踪；找到 n. 痕迹；踪迹
53.torture n./v. 拷打；折磨 54.wander vi. 漫游；闲逛
55.wax n. 蜡 56.weave v. 织；编
57.preserve v. 保护；保存；维持 58.abuse v. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
59.academic adj. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 60.academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会
61.battery n. 电池（组） 62.barrier n. 障碍物；阻力
63.cargo n. 货物；船货 64.career n. 生涯；职业
65.vessel n. 船舶；容器；血管 66. vertical adj. 垂直的
67.oblige v. 迫使；迫使 68.obscure adj. 阴暗的；模糊的
69.extent n. 程度；范围；大小 70.exterior n. 外部；外表 adj.外部的；表面的
71.external adj. 外部的；表面的 72.petrol n. 汽油www.21-cn-jy.com
73.petroleum n. 石油 74.delay v./n. 推迟；延误；耽搁
75.decay v. 腐烂；腐朽 76.decent adj. 正派的；体面的
77.route n. 路线；航线 78.ruin v. 毁坏；破坏 n. 毁灭；[pl.]废墟
79.sake n. 缘故；理由 80.satellite n. 卫星21·世纪*教育网
81.scale n. 大小；规模 82.temple n. 庙宇2-1-c-n-j-y
83.tedious adj. 乏味道；单调的 84.tend v. 易于；趋向
85.tendency n. 趋向；趋势 86.ultimate adj. 极限的；最终的 n. 精华；极品
87.undergo v. 经历；遭受 88.abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的；大量的
89.adopt v. 收养；采取 90.adapt v. 适应；改编
91.bachelor n. 学士；单身汉 92.casual adj. 偶然的；临时的；非正式的
93.trap n. 陷阱；圈套 v. 诱捕；使……陷入困境94.vacant adj. 空的；未占用的
95.vacuum n. 真空；真空吸尘器 96.oral adj. 口头的；口述的
97.optics n. 光学 98. virtue n. 美德；优点
99.virtual adj. 实际上的；事实上的 100.orient v. 朝向；使适应；确定方向
101. organ n. 器官；风琴 102.excess n. 过度；过量；过剩
103.expel v. 驱逐；把……开除 104.expend v. 消费；花费
105.expenditure n. 支出；花费；经费 106.expense n. 开销；费用
107.expensive adj. 花钱的；价格贵的 108.expand v. 扩大；扩张；展开；使膨胀
109.expansion n. 扩大；扩充；扩展；膨胀 110.private adj. 私人的；个人的
111.individual adj. 个别的；个人的 n. 个人；112.personal adj. 个人的；私人的；亲自的
113.personnel n. 全体人员；人事部门 114.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
115.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 116.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
117.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 118.grant v. 授予；同意；准予
119.grand adj. 宏伟的；壮丽的；重大的 120.invade v. 侵入；侵略；侵袭
121.acid n. 酸 adj.酸的；刻薄的 122.acknowledge v. 承认；感谢
123.balcony n. 阳台 124.calculate v. 计算；核算
125.calendar n. 日历 126.optimistic adj. 乐观的
127.optional adj. 可选择的；任意的 128.outstanding adj. 杰出的；突出的；显著的
129.export n. 出口；输出；出口产品 v. 出口；输出130.import n.进口；输入 v. 进口；引进
131.impose v. 把……加强(on)；采用；推行 132.religion n. 宗教
133.religious adj. 宗教的 134.victim n. 牺牲品；受害者
135.video n. 电视；视频 adj.电视的；录像的 136.videotape n. 录像带 v. 把…录到录像带上
137.offend v. 冒犯；触犯 138.bother v. 打搅；麻烦
139.interfere v. 干涉；干扰；妨碍 140.internal adj. 内部的；国内的
141.beforehand adv. 预先；事先 142.racial adj. 人种的；种族的
143.radiation n. 放射物；辐射 144.radical adj. 根本的；激进的
145.range n. 幅度；范围 v.（在某范围内）变动146.wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹 v. 想知道；惊讶
147.isolate v. 使隔离；使孤立 148.issue n. 问题；争论点；发行；（报刊）一期
149.hollow adj. 空的；中空的 150.hook n. 钩 v. 钩住
151.adequate adj. 适当的；充足的 152.adhere v. 粘着；依附；遵守；坚持
153.ban v. 取缔；禁止 154.capture v. 俘虏；捕获
155.valid adj. 有效的；有根据的；正当的 156.valley n. 山谷；峡谷
157.consistent adj. 坚持的；一致的；始终如一的 158.continuous adj. 继续的；连续不断的
159.continual adj. 持续不断的；频繁的 160.explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增
161.exploit v. 剥削；利用；开采 162.explore v. 勘探
163.explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增 164.explosive adj. 易爆炸的；可能引起冲动的；激增的
165.remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的 166.removal n. 移动；消除；免职
167.render v. 使成为；使变得；给予；提供 168.precaution n. 预防；警惕
169.idle adj. 懒惰的；闲散的 170.identify v. 认出；鉴定
171.identity n. 身份；特征 172.poverty n. 贫穷21·cn·jy·com
173.resistant adj. 抵抗的；阻止的 174.resolve v. 决定；溶解
175.barrel n. 桶 176.bargain n. 便宜货 v. 讨价还价
177.coarse adj. 粗糙的；粗俗的 178.coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车
179.code n. 准则；法规；密码 180.coil n. 线圈 v. 盘绕
181.adult n. 成年人 182.advertise v. 为……做广告
183.advertisement n. 广告 184.agency n. 中介；经销处
185.focus v. （使）聚集 n. 焦点；中心 186.forbid v. 不许；禁止
187.debate n./v. 辩论；争论 188.debt n. 欠债
189.decade n. 十年 190.enclose v. 围绕；把……装入信封
191.encounter v./n. 遭遇；偶然碰到 192.globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪
193.global adj. 全球的；总括的 194.scan v. 扫描；浏览
195.scandal n. 丑事；丑闻 196. significance n. 意义；重要性
197.subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的
高考英语题型解读专题1 ----阅读理解之细节理解题
预习作业
1. Ge_tting__rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early__16th__century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.....
1．The kings of__Franc_e and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.
A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
2. Imagin_ation__and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Children know this very well. Fred Epstein, in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.
Tom lov_ed_to__pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes, Dr Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.
26. What do we know about Tom?
A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy.
C. He wa_s_craz_y about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient.
3. The d_ay_bef_ore his third trip to the operating room, Tom was terribly afraid. “Maybe I could go as Superman,” he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. She had avoided buying the expensive costume (戏装)，but finally she agreed.
The next__day_T_om appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way. And Tom, with the strength of his fantasy, successfully made it through the operation.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
28. When Tom went for the third operation, he .
A. pretended to be painful B. acted like a superhero
C. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother
4. Honey _from_t_he African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper - a little bird called a honey guide.
60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?
A. It's small in size. B. It's hidden in trees.
C. It's covered with wax. D. It's hard to recognize.
5. (2014四川,A)体裁:应用文 词数:185
Do you want__to_ge_t home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life?
If yes, don'_t_care_ about sex or age! Come and join us, and then you'll make it!?
Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant
(No Pay with Free Meals)
Place: Manchester
Hours: Part Time
We are now _lookin_g for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don't miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!
Role:
You wi_ll_pro_vide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.
Skills and Experience Required:
You wil_l_have_ the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you'll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.
1.The text is meant to________.?
A. leave a note B. send an invitation
C. present a document D. carry an advertisement【版权所有：21教育】
2.The volu_nteers_' primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities________.?
A.to get some financial support
B.to properly protect themselves
C.to learn some new living skills
D.to realize their own importance
3.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?________2·1·c·n·j·y
A. The one who can drive a car.
B. The one who has done similar work before.
C. The one who has patience to listen to others.
D. The one who can use English to communicate.
6. As th_e_rail_roads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19th cen_tury_s_aw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar p_lants__and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade offs__will__have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lastin_g_effe_cts of these trade offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The mo_ney_se_t aside in negotiated trade offs and the institution that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
1．What was the__probl_em caused by the construction of the railways?_____
A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
B. Some railroad stops remained underused.
C. Land in the West was hard to manage.
D. Land grants went into private hands.
2．What is _the_ma_jor concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?______ 【出处：21教育名师】
A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.
C. The con_servat_ion of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place.
3．What is the author's attitude towards building solar plants?______
A. Cautious. B. Approving.
C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
4．Which is the best title for the passage?______
A. How the Railways Have Affected the West
B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled21cnjy.com
7.运用实践（用最快的速度解题）
A
Train Information
All cu_stomer_s travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Que_enslan_d Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property（失物招领）
Call Lost__Prope_rty on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost pr_operty_ office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holi_days,__generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia _Day,_A_nzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day__servi_ces operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations _have_w_heelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6:42pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7:37pm
7:29pm Central Varsity Lakes 8:52pm
8:57pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9:52pm
11:02pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12:22am
21. What would you do get ticker information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink .com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?21*cnjy*com
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Wh_ich_tr_ain would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?21教育名师原创作品
A.6:42 pm. B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.
魅力英语欣赏：
One who is fil_led_wi_th knowledge always behaves with elegance. 腹有诗书气自华。
In July, the _cricke_ts are in the field; In August, they are in the yard; In September, they are at the door; In October, the crickets enter and crawl under our beds. 七月在野，八月在宇，九月在户，十月蟋蟀入我床下。
答案：
预习作业：
C 2.A 3.B 4.B
5 DDB
6 C B A .B
CBB
_21?????????è?????(www.21cnjy.com)_