中考英语语法专题知识点+习题（含答案）

定语从句
什么是定语？
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
主要有形容词，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。
汉语中常用
'……的'
表示。
例
a
beautiful
girl
the
noisy
music
什么是定语从句？
一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫作定语从句。
例
I
like
the
book
which
is
about
tale
story.
Please
tell
me
the
reason
why
you
missed
the
plane.
二、先行词：定语从句在句中作定语,
用来修饰某个名词或代词,
这个名词或代词叫先行词,
而定语从句位于先行词的后面。
三、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词分关系代词(that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose)和关系副词(when,
where,
why)。
关系词常有3个作用：1.连接作用。连接主句和从句。
2.指代作用。指代先行词
3.在从句中充当一定成分。
指人
指物
所作成分
关
系
代
词
that
√
√
主语、宾语（做宾语可以省略）
which
√
主语、宾语（做宾语可以省略）
who
√
主语、宾语（做宾语可以省略）
whom
√
宾语（可以省略）
whose
√
√
定语
关系
副词
where
地点状语
when
时间状语
why
原因状语
例
This
is
the
place
where
they
fought
the
enemy.
Yesterday
I
received
a
letter
which
came
from
Australia.
先通过翻译确定是定语从句
找先行词，看先行词是人是物
看从句缺什么成分
练习
1.The
place
_______interested
me
most
was
the
Children's
Palace.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
in
which
Mr.
Smith
is
the
man
____
teaches
us
English.
A
who
B
whom
C
what
D
which
We
all
like
people
______
are
kind
and
patient.
A
that
B
whom
C
what
D
which
4.The
factory
______we'll
visit
next
week
is
not
far
from
here.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
what
D.
when
5.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
since
then
in
the
factory
_______we
are
working.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
which
D.
there
6.
Is
this
the
factory
__________
you
visited
the
other
day?
A.
that
B.
where
C.
in
which
D.
the
one
7.
The
wolves
hid
themselves
in
the
places
__________
couldn’t
be
found.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
in
which
D.
in
that
8.
I
hate
the
people
_______
don’t
help
others
when
they
are
in
trouble.
　　A.
who
　　　
B.
which
　　
　C.
they　　　
D.
where
9.
The
foreigner
________
visited
our
school
is
from
Canada.
　　A.
which
　　　
B.
when
　　
　C.
who
　　　
D.
whom
10.
He
often
helps
the
students
_____
he
thinks
are
not
quick
at
their
studies.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
when
D.
because
11.
Don’t
talk
about
such
things
of
__________
you
are
not
sure.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
as
D.
those
答案：1.A
2.A
3.A
4.B
5.A
6.A
7.A
8.A
9.A
10.B
11.B
5、whose
whose既可用于指人，也可用于指物，同时还可以指动物，它在定语从句中用作定语，修饰其后的名词。
The
boys
whose
names
were
called
stood
up.
叫到名字的男孩们站了起来。
The
house
whose
windows
are
broken
is
unoccupied.
那个窗户破了的房子没人住。
对于考查关系代词whose的考题，掌握以下一点非常有用：
1.
它在定语从句中通常是用作定语，所以其后通常应有被修饰的名词。
例
It
was
an
English
novel
whose
name
I
have
forgotten.
那是一本英语小说，书名我忘了。
练习
1.
Mother
gave
me
a
book
______
cover
is
red.
A
which
B
that
C
whose
D
what
I
know
someone
else________
father
works
here.
A
who
B
whom
C
whose
D
that
3.
This
is
the
girl
______
pronunciation
is
the
best
in
our
class.
A
who
B
whom
C
whose
D
that
答案：1.C
2.C
3.C
练习
Ⅰ.
用that,
who,
which或whom填空
Alice
likes
singers
_________
write
their
own
music.
2.
Generally,
old
people
like
music
_______
is
quiet
and
gentle.
3.
The
girl
_______________
you
met
just
now
in
the
street
is
my
friend.
4.
This
is
the
school
in
_______
I
studied
two
years
ago.
5.
The
man
with
_______
my
father
is
talking
over
there
is
our
head
teacher.
答案：1.who/that
2.which/that
3.who/whom/that
4.which
5.whom
II.
根据句意,
用正确的关系代词填空。
1.
He
is
the
man
__________
is
ready
to
help
others.
2.
The
girl
________________
I
spoke
to
just
now
is
my
friend.
3.
The
dress
___________
you
bought
in
the
city
mall
is
made
of
silk.
4.
Bill
likes
music
___________
he
can
sing
along
with.
5.
This
is
the
village
__________
I
used
to
live
in.
6.
Women
always
like
buying
many
things
_____________
they
don’t
need
at
all.
7.
I’m
studying
a
subject
___________
I
am
very
interested
in.
8.
The
girl
with
________
I
went
shopping
yesterday
is
my
cousin.
答案：1.who/that
2.who/whom/that
3.that
/which
4.that/
which
5.that/
which
6.that/
which
7.that
/which
8.
whom
注意
一、介词后面只能用which或whom,
不能用that或who。
There
are
lots
of
things
(that)
I
need
to
prepare
before
the
trip.
Do
you
know
the
girl
who
/
that
is
singing
in
the
classroom?
This
is
the
biggest
fish
(that)
I
have
ever
seen.
二、关系词只能用that的情况:
a.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,
只能用that,而不用which。例如:
He
was
the
first
person
that
passed
the
exam.
b.
被修饰的先行词为all,
any,
much,
many,
everything,
anything,
none,
the
one等不定代词时,
只能用that,
而不用which。例如:
Is
there
anything
that
you
want
to
buy
in
the
shop?
c.
先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
same,
the
last,
little,
few
等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:
This
is
the
same
bike
that
I
lost.
d.
先行词里同时含有人或物时,
只能用that,
而不用which。例如:
I
can
remember
well
the
persons
and
some
pictures
that
I
saw
in
the
room.
e.
以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,
为避免重复,
只能用that。例如:
Who
is
the
girl
that
is
crying?
f.
主句是there
be
结构,
修饰主语的定语从句用that,
而不用which。例如:
There
is
a
book
on
the
desk
that
belongs
to
Tom.
单项选择
1.
I
like
music
_______
great
lyrics.
A.
that
have
B.
that
has
C.
who
have
D.
who
has
2.
They
are
talking
about
things
and
persons
_______
they
saw
there
a
few
days
ago.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
3.
This
is
the
highest
building
_______
I’ve
ever
seen.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
where
4.
I
really
didn’t
know
anything
_______
happened
to
Jim
yesterday.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
when
D.
that
5.
---
Who
is
the
man
_______
is
standing
over
there?
---
Oh,
he
is
my
math
teacher.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
that
D.
which
答案：1.B
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.C
关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：
　This
was
the
time
when
he
arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
　This
is
place
where
he
works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why
指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：
　
Nobody
knows
the
reason
why
he
is
often
late
for
school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
练习
Shanghai
is
the
city
________
I
was
born.
A
which
B
that
C
what
D
where
The
house_________
I
lived
ten
years
ago
has
been
pulled
down.
A
why
B
that
C
what
D
where
I
still
remember
the
day__________I
first
came
to
the
school.
A
why
B
when
C
what
D
where
(4)The
reason
_________
he
refused
the
invitation
is
not
clear.
A
why
B
that
C
what
D
where
答案：1.D
2.D
3.B
4.A
1.The
photo
_____
taken
by
my
brother
last
week
is
very
nice.
A.which
were
B.that
is
C.that
were
D.which
was
参考答案：D
2.The
woman
_____
is
the
most
important
in
my
life
is
my
mother.
A.which
B.who
C.whom
D.what
参考答案：B
3.The
stories
_____
were
written
by
Mark
Twain
are
often
humorous.
A.that
B.those
C.who
D.what
参考答案：A
4.—Nowadays
WeChat
is
very
popular
among
friends.
—Yes.
It
seems
to
be
the
best
way
of
communication
_____
people
like.
A.that
B.which
C.who
参考答案：A
5.Everyone
_____
has
been
to
Shanghai
says
it
is
a
modern
city.
A.why
B.whose
C.who
D.which
参考答案：C
6.I
think
the
first
lesson
_____
we
are
learning
is
very
easy.
A.that
B.where
C.who
D.when
参考答案：A
7.－Why
are
you
so
worried?
－I’ve
lost
the
watch
_____
my
dad
bought
me
on
my
birthday.
A.whom
B.who
C.whose
D.which
参考答案：D
8.We
don’t
like
people
_____
talk
too
much
but
never
do
anything.
A.
whose
B.
who
C.
when
D.
which
参考答案：B
9.A
friend
is
someone
_____
says,
“What!
You
too?
I
thought
I
was
the
only
one!”
A.who
B.which
C.what
D.whose
参考答案：A
10.This
is
the
book
_____
tells
many
English
stories.
A.what
B.which
C.who
参考答案：B宾语从句
宾语从句的含义
宾语从句就是在复合句中充当宾语的句子，常作动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。
例
I
think
that
he
will
come
here
by
train.
我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。
He
asked
me
whether
I
know
his
new
address.
他问我是否知道他的新地址。
I
want
to
know
when
you
got
back
home
yesterday.
我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。
从做题技巧来讲解宾语从句：语序、时态、连接词
2.语序：从句是陈述语序
例
Do
you
know
when
he
will
come
back?
I
want
to
know
who
can
answer
my
question.(who在从句中作主语)
注意：语序指谓语动词一定要在主语后面。
试比较：What
time
is
it?
Could
you
tell
me
what
time
it
is?
练习：
1.—Excuse,
can
you
tell
me
____?
—Sorry,
I
don’t
know.
You
can
go
to
the
information
desk.
A.
that
is
there
a
train????????
?
?
B.
when
the
train
leaves????
C.
which
train
can
I
take???????
D.
where
does
the
train
go.
2.
Could
you
tell
me
how
much
________
to
fly
to
Shanghai?
A.
does
it
cost
B.
it
costs
C.
does
it
cost
D.
costs
it
Could
you
tell
me
_______
?
I’m
his
old
friend.
A.
where
does
Jim
live
B.
when
will
Jim
come
back
C.
where
Jim
has
gone
D.
how
is
Jim
3.
时态
1)
当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据实际情况采用任何一种时态；
例
I
don’t
know
when
he
finished
homework
last
night.
She
tells
me
that
she
will
come
by
bus.
她说她将要坐公交车来。
2)
当主句是一般过去时时，从句也应该采用相应的过去的某种时态
例
He
asked
when
they
would
go
to
America.
She
was
sorry
that
she
hadn’t
finished
her
work
on
time.
He
asked
his
father
how
it
happened．
注意：如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：
例
The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
goes
round
the
sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。
练习
1.
Please
tell
me_____.
I
have
some
good
news
for
him.
A.
where
Robert
lives
B.
where
does
Robert
live
C.
where
Robert
lived
D.
where
did
Robert
live
2.—Come
in,
please.
But
could
you
please
tell
me
______?
A.
why
you
are
late
again
B.
what
were
you
doing
then
C.
Where
you
bought
the
book?
D.
how
do
you
came
to
school
4.
Could
you
tell
me________?
A.
When
will
Mary
come
back
B.
When
Mary
comes
back
C.
When
Mary
will
come
back
（3）连接词
连接词的类型
所作句子成分
从属连词
that
不作句子成分，只起连接作用
if
whether
连接代词
who(ever)
主语、宾语、表语
whom
宾语
whose
定语
what(ever)
主语、宾语、表语、定语
which(ever)
主语、宾语、表语、定语
连接副词
when
时间状语
where
地点状语
why
原因状语
how
方式状语
※that无词义,不充当句子成分，在非正式文体中常被省略。
例
I
hope
(that)
you
will
like
this
color.
我希望你会喜欢这种颜色。
※if或whether表示选择，意为“是否”，在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，通常情况下可互换，不可省略，口语中常用if。
例
I
am
not
sure
if/whether
my
mother
will
come
back
tomorrow.
注意：以下情况只能用whether.
①与or
not连用时。
I
don’t
know
whether
he
likes
the
book
or
not.我不知道他喜不喜欢这本书
②作介词的宾语时。
It
depends
on
whether
it
will
rain
tomorrow.这取决于每天是否会下雨
③后接不定式时。
He
hasn’t
decided
whether
to
go.他还没有决定去还是不去
练习
1.
You
have
not
yet
answered
my
question
_____
I
can
join
in
the
party
tonight
or
not.
A.
whether
B.
if
C.
that
D.
which
_____
the
2008
Olympic
will
be
held
in
Beijing
is
not
known
yet.
Whether
B.
If
C.
Whenever
D.
That
答案：1.A
2.A
请完成以下练习
1.－Excuse
me,
can
you
tell
me
_____?
－At
about
8
o’clock.
A.what
time
the
plane
arrive
in
Beijing
B.what
time
the
plane
will
arrive
Beijing
C.what
time
the
plane
will
reach
Beijing
D.what
time
will
the
plane
get
to
Beijing
参考答案：C
2.－Could
you
tell
me
_____
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival
in
China?
－Sure.
People
usually
watch
the
dragon
boat
races
and
eat
zongzi.
A.when
do
people
celebrate
B.why
people
celebrate
C.how
people
celebrate
参考答案：C
3.－Do
you
know
_____?
－Yes.
It’s
on
your
table.
A.
where
my
dictionary
is
B.
where
is
my
dictionary
C.
when
I
bought
my
dictionary
参考答案：A
4.－Do
you
know
_____?
－For
a
month.
A.
how
long
will
she
be
away
B.
how
long
she
will
be
away
C.
how
often
will
she
go
there
D.
how
often
she
will
go
there
参考答案：B
5.－I
wonder
_____.
－Yes,
of
course.
A.where
we
can
buy
the
parts
B.how
often
you
hear
form
your
sister
C.if
I
may
have
a
word
with
you
D.why
he
arrived
late
yesterday
参考答案：C
一Excuse
me,
Miss
Chen,
could
you
tell
me
_____?
—It
is
short
for
the
Silk
Road
Economic
Belt
and
21st
Century
Maritime
Silk
Road.
A.what
the
Belt
and
Road
meant
B.what
does
the
Belt
and
Road
mean
C.what
the
Belt
and
Road
means
参考答案：C
7.Could
you
tell
me
_____
a
moment
ago?
A.what
were
they
talking
about
B.what
are
they
talking
about
C.what
they
were
talking
about
D.what
they
are
talking
about
参考答案：C
8.－Will
Tony
go
skiing
with
us
this
Saturday?
－Sorry,
I
don’t
know
if
he
_____.
But
I
know
he
_____
interest
in
sports.
A.
will
go;
is
B.
goes;
is
C.
goes;
has
no
D.
will
go;
has
no
参考答案：D
9.－Do
you
know
_____?
－Sorry,
I
don’t
know.
A.how
old
is
he
B.how
old
he
is
C.how
old
does
he
参考答案：B
10.－Could
you
please
tell
me
_____?
－About
twenty
minutes
ago.
A.when
did
you
see
this
kid
B.where
did
you
see
this
kid
C.when
you
saw
this
kid
D.where
you
saw
this
kid
参考答案：C
11.This
morning
my
mother
asked
me
_____.
A.
why
he
is
not
here
B.
where
Julia
went
last
weekend
C.
what
time
is
it
D.
how
did
my
brother
do
it
12.－Did
you
have
a
good
time
in
Jining?
－Come
and
have
a
look.
My
photos
will
show
you
_____.
A.how
was
the
trip
B.why
did
we
go
there
C.how
we
went
there
D.what
the
trip
was
like
参考答案：D
13.－Excuse
me,
could
you
tell
me
_____?
－In
five
minutes.
A.
how
soon
will
the
film
begin
B.
how
soon
the
film
will
begin
C.
how
long
the
film
has
been
on
D.
how
long
has
the
film
been
on
参考答案：B
14.－Ms.
Perry,
can
you
tell
me
_____?
－Africa.
A.
what
the
baby
giraffe
likes
eating
B.
why
the
baby
giraffe
looks
unhappy
C.
when
the
baby
giraffe
was
born
D.
where
the
baby
giraffe
came
from
参考答案：D
15.－Mr.
Wang,
can
you
tell
me
_____?
－http://www.gsedu.gov.cn
will
help
you.
A.what
I
can
do
to
help
you
B.where
can
I
get
my
score
for
this
examination
C.why
I
need
some
help
D.where
I
can
search
for
the
information
about
education
in
our
province
参考答案：D
16.－Can
you
tell
me
_____?
－Sure.
He
lives
on
Center
Street.
A.where
does
he
live
B.where
he
lives
C.why
he
lives
there
D.what
does
he
do
参考答案：B
17.I
don’t
know
_____.
A.where
she
comes
from
B.how
old
is
she
C.when
was
she
born
参考答案：A
18.－I’d
like
to
know
_____.
－Maybe
in
the
forest.
A.whether
we
will
go
camping
B.where
we
will
go
camping
C.whether
will
we
go
camping
D.where
will
we
go
camping
参考答案：B
19.－Your
book
is
very
interesting.
Could
you
tell
me
_____?
－In
Xinhua
Bookstore
next
to
our
school.
A.where
did
you
buy
it
B.why
did
you
buy
it
C.where
you
bought
it
D.why
you
bought
it
参考答案：C形容词、副词的比较等级
①只有形容词、副词才有比较等级
②比较级词尾+er，最高级+est
(more
beautiful)
③比较级适用于两者之间，最高级适用于三者及三者以上
1、形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词
一般在词尾加-er或-est
long
tall
longer
taller
longest
tallest
以字母-e结尾的词，加-r或-st
large
nice
larger
nicer
largest
nicest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-er或-est
busy
heavy
funny
early
busier
heavier
funnier
earlier
busiest
heaviest
funniest
earliest
重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母结尾时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est
big
hot
fat
bigger
hotter
fatter
biggest
hottest
fattest
多音节和部分双音节词
在原级前加more或most
useful
beautiful
quickly
slowly
more
useful
more
beautiful
more
quickly
more
slowly
most
useful
most
beautiful
most
quickly
most
slowly
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
little
less
least
many/much
more
most
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
2、形容词、副词的原级比较
基本用法：两者就同一事物进行比较
句型结构
肯定句：as
+
形容词或副词原级
+
as
表示：与.......一样
Eg:She
is
as
tall
as
her
sister.她和她姐姐一样高。
否定句：not
so/as+
形容词或副词原级as。表示：......不如......
Eg:He
cannot
run
so/as
fast
as
you.
他没你跑得快。
3、形容词比较级的基本用法及常用句型结构：
1）用法：两个人或事物的比较
2）标志词：than
3）比较级常用的句型结构：
考点一：“A+比较级+than+B”意为“A比B......
Jim
is
higher
than
Tom.吉姆比汤姆高。
注意：可修饰比较级的词
1．形容词比较级前可加much,
a
lot,
a
bit,
a
little,
slightly之类表示程度的状语：
考点二：“比较级+and+比较级”，意为：“越来越.......
He
become
better
and
better.他变得越来越好了。
【注：多音节词的形容词和副词表示这个含义时要用：more
and
more+形容词或副词】
考点三：The
+比较级…the
+比较级…　
越……就越……
例如：The
harder
you
work，the
greater
progress
you'll
make.越努力，进步越大。
考点四
“the
+比较级
+
of
the
two”
表示“两者中较......的那个人或物”
Nancy
is
the
taller
of
the
two
girls.
南希是两个女孩儿中较高的。
考点五：否定+比较级，相当于最高级
例如：
I
couldn’t
agree
more.
我非常同意。
形容词、副词最高级用法
1）基本用法：三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较
标志词：A.in+其他
B.of+其他
考点一：主语+the
+
最高级
+
in/of短语，意为“....是......中最......的”
例如：The
Sahara
is
the
biggest
desert
in
the
world.
撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
考点二：主语+be+one
of
the
+最高级+复数名词，意为“.......是.....中最......之一”
Beijing
is
one
of
the
largest
cities
in
China.
北京是中国最大的城市之一。
1.Sometimes
it
often
rains
_____
in
my
hometown
in
summer.
A.heavy
B.hardly
C.heavily
D.strongly
参考答案：C
2.－What
do
you
think
of
the
woman
singer?
－Her
voice
sounds
_____.
I
like
her
songs.
A.sweet
B.sweetly
C.bad
D.badly
参考答案：A
3.Let’s
open
the
windows
to
have
some
_____
air
here.
A.
cheap
B.
nervous
C.
careful
D.
fresh
参考答案：D
4.I
_____
ride
a
bike
to
school.
But
this
morning,
I
walked
to
school.
A.
never
B.
hardly
C.
seldom
D.
usually
参考答案：D
5.Meimei
thinks
maths
is
_____
than
Chinese.
A.
easy
B.
easier
C.
the
easiest
D.
very
easy
参考答案：B
6.－Why
do
people
there
_____
use
umbrella
in
the
sun?
－Because
they
would
rather
enjoy
the
sunshine.
A.
hardly
B.
often
C.
always
参考答案：A
7.I
lost
my
ticket,
but
_____
the
travel
agent
gave
me
another
one.
A.
actually
B.
firstly
C.
luckily
D.
exactly
参考答案：C
8.－The
scarves
are
all
beautiful.
I
can’t
decide
which
one
to
choose.
－Oh,
look
at
this
red
one.
I
think
it’s
_____.
A.
beautiful
B.
more
beautiful
C.the
most
beautiful
D.
less
beautiful
参考答案：C
9.In
North
America,
_____
meat
eaters
are
bears
and
mountain
lions.
They
eat
smaller
animals
such
as
rabbits
and
mice.
A.
smallest
B.
the
smallest
C.
largest
D.
the
largest
参考答案：D
10.My
time
in
the
middle
school
was
one
of
_____
periods
of
my
life.
A.exciting
B.more
exciting
C.the
more
exciting
D.the
most
exciting
参考答案：D
11.The
boy
looked
_____
because
he
didn’t
pass
his
maths
exam.
A.sad
B.sadness
C.saddest
D.sadly
参考答案：A
12.Emma
looked
after
her
pet
dog
_____
of
all
her
friends.
A.careful
B.most
careful
C.more
carefully
D.the
most
carefully
参考答案：D
13.If
overweight
people
eat
less
and
take
more
exercise,
they’ll
soon
feel
much
_____.
A.fatter
B.older
C.bigger
D.healthier
参考答案：D
14.We
will
have
to
set
off
_____
to
avoid
the
heavy
traffic
tomorrow
morning.
A.early
B.quietly
C.slowly
D.politely
参考答案：A
15.Now,
people
have
more
free
time.
Square
Dancing
is
becoming
more
and
more
_____.
A.comfortable
B.difficult
C.different
D.popular
参考答案：D
16.This
kind
of
T-shirt
looks
_____
and
sells
_____
in
the
market.
A.nice;
good
B.well;
well
C.nice;
well
D.good;
nice
参考答案：C
17.There
will
be
_____
cars
in
the
city
because
people
will
prefer
the
subway.
A.fewer
B.less
C.more
参考答案：A
18.－How
are
you
getting
along
with
your
English
study?
－Much
better.
I
don’t
feel
it
was
as
_____
as
before.
A.interesting
B.much
C.difficult
D.easy
参考答案：C
19.Why
did
she
get
so
mad?
It
was
only
a
_____
joke.
A.
hopeless
B.
hopeful
C.
harmless
D.
harmful
参考答案：C
20.－Have
some
ice
cream,
please.
－Mm,
it
tastes
_____.
A.good
B.better
C.well
参考答案：A
21.A
person
who
is
_____
does
not
tell
lies
or
cheat
people.
A.
careless
B.
stupid
C.
honest
D.
humorous
参考答案：C
22.I
fell
off
the
bike
on
my
way
to
school.
_____,
I
wasn’t
hurt.
A.
Luckily
B.
Suddenly
C.
Politely
D.
Recently
参考答案：A
23.—The
stuntman
is
planning
to
walk
on
the
wings
of
a
flying
plane.
—What?!
I've
never
heard
of
_____
idea
before.
A.
a
crazier
B.
the
crazier
C.
a
craziest
D.
the
craziest
参考答案：A
24.Staying
with
families
and
friends
is
one
of
_____
things
in
the
world.
A.the
happiest
B.happier
C.the
happy
D.happiest
参考答案：A
25.The
story
is
really
_____.
It
makes
all
of
us
laugh
a
lot.
A.correct
B.boring
C.humorous
D.direct
参考答案：C
26.－How’s
is
your
old
friend
Katie?
－Oh,
she’s
moved
to
another
city,
so
I’ve
_____
ever
seen
her
since
then.
A.clearly
B.simply
C.nearly
D.hardly
参考答案：D
27.The
prices
of
the
houses
at
the
moment
are
still
very
_____.
A.high
B.expensive
C.higher
D.more
expensive
参考答案：A
28.－I’m
a
little
_____
now.
－Oh,
it’s
lunch
time.
Let’s
go
to
the
nearest
restaurant
to
get
something
to
eat.
A.thirsty
B.worried
C.hungry
D.bored
参考答案：C
29.Mum,
you’ve
got
so
_____
housework
to
do.
Let
me
help
you.
A.many
B.much
C.little
参考答案：B
30.－Tom,
don’t
throw
the
rubbish
on
the
floor.
We
should
keep
the
classroom
_____.
－Oh,
sorry,
Miss
Wang.
A.clean
B.quiet
C.dirty
参考答案：A
31.－It’s
cold
today.
I
can’t
stand
it.
I
hope
tomorrow
won’t
be
so
_____.
－I
can’t,
either.
But
the
radio
says
it
will
be
even
_____
tomorrow.
A.cold,
cold
B.cold,
colder
C.colder,
colder
D.colder,
coldest
参考答案：B
32.Li
Na
is
one
of
_____
tennis
players
in
the
world.
A.most
famous
B.the
most
famous
C.more
famous
参考答案：B
33.The
movie
Lost
in
Thailand
is
_____
one
that
I’ve
ever
seen
these
years.
A.funny
B.the
funniest
C.funnier
参考答案：B
34.He
has
_____
arms
now
and
is
able
to
pick
the
table
up
with
one
hand.
A.weakest
B.weaker
C.strongest
D.stronger
参考答案：D
35.Ma
Yun,
head
of
Alibaba,
is
one
of
_____
persons
in
the
world
A.rich
B.richer
C.richest
D.the
richest
参考答案：D
36.I
could
_____
hear
what
you
said
just
now.
Could
you
please
say
that
again?
A.sometimes
B.always
C.hardly
D.clearly
参考答案：C情态动词
can/could
表示“能力”，can表示现在的能力，could
表示过去的能力。
例
Can
you
lift
this
heavy
box?
表示推测，通常用于否定句，can’t表示“不可能”，用于表示把握比较大的推测。
例
That
can’t
be
Mary,
for
she
is
in
hospital.
表示“请求”和“许可”(could
用来表示“请求”时，是委婉的说法，回答时一般用can)。
例
--Could
you
please
do
me
a
favor?
--Yes,
I
can.
①-Finish
drawing
a
horse
in
ten
minutes.OK？
-Sorry.It________in
such
a
short
time.
may
do
B.can’t
be
done
C.must
do
D.needn’t
be
done
②_______she
ride
when
she
was
three
years
old？
Can
B.Could
C.Need
D.May
答案：①B
②B
may/might
may
和
might
在肯定句中表示“允许”，在疑问句中表示“请求”。might表示请求时，对其进行肯定回答用may/can,
而不用might；对于may的疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes,
you
may.”，否定回答用“No,
you
can't/musn't.”
例
─May
I
go
fishing
with
you
tomorrow?
─Yes,
you
may.
/No,
you
can't/mustn’t.
表示推测，意为“可能，或许”，比can的可能性小。通常不用于疑问句中。
例
She
may
be
at
home
today.
may
用于祈使句中表示祝愿。
例
May
you
be
happy
forever.
①
-________I
have
your
name，please？
-Yes，Michael.M-I-C-H-A-E-L.
A.Must
B.Will
C.May
D.Need
②
-May
I
go
to
the
cinema，dad？
-No，you________.You
must
finish
your
homework
first.
A.mustn’t
B.won’t　
C.don’t
D.needn’t
③
-What
do
you
send
to
your
sister
as
a
Christmas
gift?
-I
haven't
decided
yet.
I
________
send
her
a
handbag.
答案：①C
②A
③may
可能性
can﹥could﹥may﹥might
礼貌程度
might﹥may﹥could﹥can
must
表示义务、必要性、命令等，意为“必须，应该”，更强调主观态度。
例
You
must
finish
your
homework
this
afternoon.
You
mustn’t
smoke
here.
表示推测。语气最为肯定，一般用于肯定句，意为“一定，准是”。
例
She
must
be
tired
after
such
a
long
walk.
注意：其否定形式为mustn’t,
意为“不许，禁止”。若要表示“不必须，没必要”时，则用don't
have
to或needn't
；若表示“不可能”时，用can't.
练习
①
The
desk
is
not
dirty.You_______clean
it.
A.mustn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.needn’t
D.can’t
②
—Is
Jessica
giving
us
a
speech
this
evening?
--No,
it
________be
her.
She________
to
Japan.
A.mustn’t
has
gone
B.mustn’t
has
been
C.can’t
has
gone
D.can’t
has
been
答案：①C
②C
③may
have
to
表示客观需要，意为“必须，不得不”，强调客观上的必要性。
例
You
have
to
be
back
before
10
o’clock
because
the
train
leaves
at
10:05.
shall
征求对方意见。用于主语是第一人称或第三人称的疑问句中。
例
Henry
is
waiting
outside.
Shall
he
come
in,
sir?
表示说话者给出的命令、警告、许诺或威胁等。用于主语是第二人称或第三人称的陈述句中。
例
You
shall
be
punished
for
what
you
have
done.
Tell
Jerry
he
shall
get
a
gift
if
he
is
nice.
在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示规定或义务等。
例
Those
belonging
to
our
club
shall
wear
uniforms.
should
表示劝告、建议、命令或义务。
例
You
should
learn
to
respect
your
elders.
You
should
help
him
because
he
is
in
trouble.
表示惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等情绪，意为“竟会，竟然”。
例
It’s
a
pity
that
you
should
be
so
careless.
Why
should
anyone
want
to
marry
Tony?
ought
to
意为“理应，应该”，表示一种义务或从道理或道义上来讲的一种责任，可用should替换。
例
You
ought
to
study
hard.
意为“应该，应是”，表示一种推测，可用should替换。
例
He
is
honest,
so
what
he
said
ought
to
be
true.
will/would
表示意愿，自愿或主动提出做什么。
例
I
will
help
you
if
you
meet
with
trouble.
2.表示请求，would
比will
语气委婉。
例
Would
you
please
let
me
have
a
look?
3.表示习惯或倾向。will
用于表示一般的习惯，would用于描述过去的习惯或例行的活动。
例
Jealousy
will
spoil
friendship.
He
would
come
to
help
us
when
he
was
free.
will
表示规律性的“注定会”。
例
You
will
fail
if
you
don't
work
hard.
Man
will
die
without
air.
need
表示必要性，常用于疑问句和否定句中，needn’t表示“不必”；对need引出的一般疑问句作肯定回答时用must而不用need，作否定回答是用needn’t。
例
This
is
a
free
service;
you
needn’t
pay
for
it.
─Need
I
hand
in
the
application
now?
─Yes,
you
must.
/
No,
you
needn’t.
dare
意为“敢，胆敢”，作情态动词时后跟动词原形，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。
例
How
dare
she
do
things
like
that
to
me?
─Dare
you
catch
the
mouse?
─No,
I
dare
not.
练习
─I
have
prepared
all
kinds
of
food
for
the
picnic.
─Do
you
mean
we________bring
anything
with
us?
A.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
shan’t
D.
needn’t
Days
later,
my
brother
called
to
say
he
was
all
right,
but________say
where
he
was.
A
mustn’t
B
shouldn’t
C
wouldn’t
D
mightn’t
It
was
sad
to
me
that
they,
so
poor
themselves,
_______bring
me
food.
A
might
B
would
C
should
D
could
You______buy
a
gift,
but
you
can
if
you
want.
A
must
B
mustn’t
C
have
to
D
don’t
have
to
The
new
law
states
that
people______drive
after
drinking
alcohol.
A
wouldn’t
B
needn’t
C
won’t
D
mustn’t
─You
needn’t
take
an
umbrella.
It
isn’t
going
to
rain.
─Well,
I
don’t
know.
It
_____do.
A
might
B
need
C
would
D
should
─_________I
take
the
book
out?
─I’m
afraid
not.
A.
Will
B.
May
C.
Must
D.
Need
8.
He____sleep,
although
he
tried
to,
when
he
got
on
such
a
hunt
for
an
idea
until
he
had
caught
it.
A
wouldn’t
B
shouldn’t
C
couldn’t
D
mustn’t
9.
—What
do
you
want
to
eat
for
lunch?
1
will
prepare
earlier
today,
—Honey,
you____________.
Let's
go
out
to
have
something
different.
A.
mustn't
B.
can't
C.
shouldn't
D.
don't
have
to
10.
--Is
that
our
new
English
teacher?
--Well,
it
____
be,
but
I
am
not
quite
sure.
A
should
B
might
C
must
D
can't
--What
are
you
going
to
order?
--Well,
I
think
I
______
try
the
fried
eggs,
but
I
am
not
sure
yet.
A
must
B
might
C
can't
D
shouldn't
答案：1.D
2.C
3.C
4.D
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.D
10.B
11.B
1
(
)
1
John___
come
to
see
us
tonight,
but
he
isn't
very
sure
yet.
　　A.
may
B.
can
C.
has
to
D.
must
　　(
)
2
They
___
do
well
in
the
exam.
　　A.
can
be
able
to
B.
be
able
to
　　C.
can
able
to
D.
are
able
to
　　(
)
3
-May
I
take
this
book
out?
　　
-No,
you___.
　　A.
can't
B.
may
not
C.
needn't
D.
aren't
　　(
)
4
You___
go
and
see
a
doctor
at
once
because
you're
got
a
fever.
　　A.
can
B.
must
C.
dare
D.
would
　　(
)
5
-Can
you
speak
Japanese?
　　-No,
I____.
　　A.
mustn't
B.
can't
C.
needn't
D.
may
not
2
(
)
1
-He___
be
in
the
classroom,
I
think.
　　
-No,
he
___
be
in
the
classroom.
I
saw
him
go
home
a
minute
ago.
can;
may
not
B.
must;
may
not
C.
may;
can't
D.
may;
mustn't
　　(
)
2
-Shall
I
get
one
more
cake
for
you,
Dad?
　
　-Thanks,
but
you___,
I've
had
enough.
may
not
B.
must
not
C.
can't
D.
needn't
　　(
)
3
Even
the
top
students
in
our
class
can't
work
out
this
problem,
so
it
be
very
difficult.
　　A.
may
B.
must
C.
can
D.
need
　　(
)
4
He
isn't
at
school.
I
think
he
___
be
ill.
　　
A.
can
B.
shall
C.
must
D.
has
to
　　(
)
5
___
I
take
this
one?
　　A.
May
B.
Will
C.
Are
D.
Do
3
(
)
1
The
children___
play
football
on
the
road.
　　A.
can't
B.
can
C.
mustn't
D.
must
　　(
)
2
You
___
be
late
for
school
again
next
time.
　　A.
mustn't
B.
needn't
　　C.
don't
have
to
D.
don't
need
to
　　(
)
3
-Must
I
do
my
homework
at
once?
　　-No,
you___.
　　A.
needn't
B.
mustn't
C.
can't
D.
may
not
4
(
)
1
His
arm
is
all
right.
He___
go
and
see
the
doctor.
　　A.
has
not
to
B.
don't
have
to
　　C.
haven't
to
D.
doesn't
have
to
　　(
)
2
He
had
to
give
up
the
plan,
___
he?
　　A.
did
B.
didn't
C.
does
D.
doesn't
　　(
)
3
They
had
to
walk
here,
___
they?
　　A.
mustn't
B.
did
C.
didn't
D.
hadn't
5
(
)
1
He
had
better
stay
here,
___
he?
　　A.
didn't
B.
don't
C.
hadn't
D.
isn't
　　(
)
2
You'd
better___late
next
time.
　　A.
not
to
be
B.
not
be
C.
won't
be
D.
don't
be
　(
)
3
You'd
better
___
your
hair
___
once
a
month.
　　A.
had;
cut
B.
had;
cutted
　　C.
have;
cut
D.
have;
cutted
　　(
)
4
You___
ask
that
man
over
there.
Maybe
he
knows
the
way.
had
better
not
to
B.
had
not
better
C.
had
better
D.
had
better
not
　
　6
(
)
1
-Shall
we
go
and
visit
the
History
Museum
next
Sunday?
Here
you
are
B.
Sorry,
I
can't
C.
Yes,
please
D.
Let
me
try
　　(
)
2
-Why
don't
you
ask
Mike
to
go
with
us?
　　-Thanks,
___.
　　A.
I
will
B.
I
won't
C.
lean
D.
I
may
　　(
)
3
-___
I
take
the
newspaper
away?
　　-No,
you
mustn't.
You____read
it
only
here.
　　A.
Must;
can
B.
May;
can
C.
Need;
must
D.
Must;
must
　　
7
(
)
1
Excuse
me.
___
you
please
pass
me
that
cup?
　　A.
Do
B.
Should
C.
Would
D.
Must
　　(
)
2
___
you
like
to
have
another
try?
　　A.
Could
B.
Will
C.
Would
D.
Do
　
(
)
3
-Would
you
like
to
go
boating
with
us?
-Yes,
___.
A.
I'd
like
B.
I
want
C.
I'd
like
to
D.
I
do
　
　
8
(
)
1
You___
worry
about
your
son.
He
will
get
well
soon.
　　A.
needn't
B.
can't
C.
mustn't
D.
have
to
　　(
)
2
The
poor
man
needs
our
help,
___
he?
　　A.
need
B.
needn't
C.
does
D.
doesn't
　　(
)
3
-Must
we
do
our
homework
first?
　　-No,
you___.
You
may
have
a
rest
first.
　　A.
mustn't
B.
needn't
C.
may
not
D.
can't
　
　初中英语语法情态动词习题答案：
　　1.
1-5
A
D
A
B
B
　　2.
1-5
C
D
B
C
A
　　3.
1-3
C
A
A
　　4.
1-3
D
B
C
　　5.
1-4
C
B
C
C
　　6.
1-3
B
A
B
　　7.
1-3
C
C
C
　　8.
1-3
A
D
B中考英语试题汇编：单项选择—情景交际
1、问候
　　(1)
Hello!/Hi!你好!
　　(2)
Good
morning/afternoon/evening!
早晨/下午/晚上好!
　　(3)
How
do
you
do!
你好!
　　(4)
I'm
Lucy
King.
我是露西·金。
　　(5)
Are
you
Peter
Green?
你是彼得·格林吗?
　　(6)
Yes,I
am/No,I'm
not.
是,我是。/不,我不是。
　　(7)
How
are
you?
你好吗?
　　(8)
How
are
you
today/this
afternoon/evening?
今天/下午/晚上好吗?
　　(9)
Fine,thanks.
And
you?
很好,谢谢。你呢?
　　(10)
I'm
fine,too.
我也很好。
　　(11)
How
is
Amy/your
father/your
mother?
艾米好吗?/你爸爸好吗?/你妈妈好吗?
　　(12)
She
is
very
well,thank
you.
她很好,谢谢。
　　(13)
Good
night,Jane.
晚安,简。
　　(14)
Goodbye,Mike.
再见,迈克。
　　(15)
See
you
tomorrow.
明天见。
　　(16)
See
you
later.
待会儿见。
　　(17)
How's
everything?
过得还好吗?
　　(18)
Just
so-so!
还行吧!
　
　2、介绍
　　(1)
What's
your
name?
你叫什么名字?
　　(2)
May
I
have
your
name?
能告诉我你的名字吗?
　　(3)
My
name
is
Jones.
我叫琼斯。
　　(4)
Just
call
me
Tom.
就叫我汤姆吧。
　　(5)
What's
your
first
name?
你的名字叫什么?
　　(6)
My
first
name
is
Bill.
我的名字叫比尔。
　　(7)
How
do
you
spell
your
last
name?
你的姓怎么写?
　　(8)
Jones
J-O-N-E-S.
琼斯,J-O-N-E-S。
　　(9)
Who
is
the
lady
in
white?
穿白衣服的那位小姐是谁?
　　(10)
What's
your
friend's
name?
你的朋友叫什么名字?
　　(11)
His
name
is
John
Smith.
他叫约翰·史密斯。
　　(12)
John
and
I
are
old
friends.
我和约翰是老朋友了。
　　(13)
Are
you
John's
brother?
你是约翰的兄弟吗?
　　(14)
No,I'm
not.
不,我不是。
　　(15)
This
is
Mr
Jones.
这是琼斯先生。
　　(16)
This
is
Tom.
He's
my
classmate.
这是汤姆。我的同学。
　　(17)
Nice
to
meet
you.
很高兴认识你。
　　(18)
Nice
to
meet
you,too.
认识你我也很高兴。
　　(19)
Let
me
introduce
myself.
让我自我介绍一下。
　　(20)
I'd
like
you
to
meet.
我想请你见见……
　　(21)
Come
and
meet.
来见见……
　　(22)
I'm
pleased/happy/glad
to
meet
you.
很高兴见到你!
　　3、告别
　　(1)
Goodbye!/Bye-bye!
再见!
　　(2)
Good
night!
晚安!
　　(3)I'm
afraid
I
have
to
go
now.
It's
getting
late.
天太晚了，我得走了。
　　(4)
Let's
get
together
soon.
让我们不久再见。
　　(5)
See
you
soon/later/tomorrow.
一会儿见/明天见!
　　(6)
We
had
a
good
time.
我们过得很愉快!
　　(7)
Thank
you
for
having
us.
多谢款待我们。
　　(8)
It's
a
pleasure!
不客气。
　　(9)
Take
care.
请慢走。
　　(10)
Please
give
my
regards
to...
请代我向……问好。
　　(11)
Please
say
hello
to...
for
me.
请代我向……问好。
　　4、打电话
　　(1)
Hello.
May
I
speak
to
Mr
Green?
　　你好，我可以和格林先生讲话吗?
　　(2)
Just
a
moment.
等一会儿。
　　(3)
Hold
on.
等一会儿。
　　(4)
He's
not
in.
May
I
take
a
message
for
him?
　　他不在，我能替他捎个口信吗?
　　(5)
Yes,please.
是的，麻烦了。
　　(6)
Would
you
answer
the
phone
please?
你能接一下电话吗?
　　(7)
I
want
to
make
a
long
distance
call.
我想打个长途电话。
　　(8)
This
is
Mary
Speaking.
我是玛丽。
　　(9)
Would
you
tell
Mr
Green
that
I
called?
　　你能告诉格林先生我给他打了个电话吗?
　　(10)
I
must
have
dialed
a
wrong
number.
我一定拨错号了。
　　(11)
I
couldn't
get
through.
我打不通。
　　(12)
I
have
to
hang
up
now.
我得挂电话了。
　　(13)
Would
you
call
back
tomorrow?
你能明天回个电话吗?
　　(14)
There's
something
wrong
with
the
phone.
　　电话出了点儿毛病。
　　(15)
I
tried
to
call
you,but
the
line
is
busy.
　　我试着给你打电话，但老占线。
　　5、祝愿与应答
　　(1)
Wish
you
good
health
and
lots
of
happiness.
　　祝你身体健康，幸福快乐。
　　(2)
Good
luck(to
you)!
祝你好运!
　　(3)
Merry
Christmas!
祝你圣诞快乐!
　　(4)
Happy
New
Year!
新年好!
　　(5)
Happy
birthday!
生日快乐!
　　(6)
Enjoy
yourself!
祝你玩得愉快!
　　(7)
Have
fun!
祝你玩得愉快!
　　(8)
Have
a
good
time!
祝你玩得愉快!
　　(9)
Congratulations!
祝贺你!
　　(10)
Thank
you,and
you
too.
谢谢，也祝您快乐。
　　(11)
The
same
to
you.
把同样的祝福也送给您。
　　6、道歉与应答
　　(1)
I'm
sorry.
对不起。
　　(2)
I'm
sorry
for...
对不起……
　　(3)
I'm
sorry
about...
对不起……
　　(4)
Excuse
me.
劳驾。
　　(5)
I
must
apologize
to
you
for...
我必须为……向你道歉。
　　(6)
Never
mind.
没关系。
　　(7)
It
doesn't
matter.
没关系。
　　(8)
I'm
sure
you
didn't
mean
to
do
it.
我相信你不是故意的。
　　(9)
Forget
it.
别放在心上。
　　7、遗憾与同情
　　(1)
I'm
sorry
to
hear
that.
听到这消息我很难过。
　　(2)
I
know
how
you
feel.
我能体会你的感受。
　　(3)
Don't
worry
about
it.
别担心。
　　(4)
I'm
sure
things
will
improve.
事情会好起来的。
　　(5)
Oh,come
on.
Cheer
up.
来吧，振作起来。
　　(6)
It's
not
the
end
of
the
world.
这并不是世界末日。
　　(7)
Look
on
the
bright
side.
多看看事情好的一面。
　　(8)
That's
too
bad.
那可太糟糕了。
　　(9)
That's
shame!
太遗憾了。
　　(10)
What
a
shame.
太遗憾了
　　8、邀请与应答
　　(1)
Do
you
want
to...?
你想做……吗?
　　(2)
Would
you
like
to...?
你想做……吗?
　　(3)
How
would
you
like
to...?
你想做……吗?
　　(4)
Would
you
be
interested
in...?
你对……感兴趣吗?
　　(5)
Won't
you
join
us?
愿意加入我们吗?
　　(6)
That
sounds
great.
听起来够棒的。
　　(7)
That
sounds
like
fun.
听起来蛮有意思的。
　　(8)
I'm
afraid
I
can't
come
to
your
party.
　　恐怕我不能参加你的晚会。
　　(9)
Maybe
some
other
time.
改天吧。
　　9、
提供(帮助等)和应答
　　(1)
Can
I
help
you?
我能帮忙吗?
　　(2)
Thanks.
That
would
be
nice.
谢谢,那太好了。
　　(3)
What
can
I
do
for
you?
我能为你做些什么?
　　(4)
That's
very
kind
of
you.
你真好。
　　(5)
Let
me
help
you.
让我来帮你。
　　(6)
Thank
you
for
your
help.
谢谢你帮忙。
　　(7)
Would
you
like
some...?
你想来点……?
　　(8)
Yes
please.
/No,thanks.
好吧。/不用了，谢谢。
　　10、请求允许和应答
　　(1)
Can/Could
I...?
我可以……吗?
　　(2)
Yes/Certainly.
Yes,do
please.
/Of
course(you
may).
That's
OK/all
right.
当然可以。
　　(3)
I'm
sorry,but/You'd
better
not...
恐怕不行。/你最好不要……
　　11、表示同意或不同意
　　(1)
Certainly/Sure/Of
course.
当然可以。
　　(2)
Yes,please.
可以。
　　(3)
Yes,I
think
so.
是的，我想可以。
　　(4)
That's
true.
可以。
　　(5)
All
right/OK.
好吧。
　　(6)
That's
a
good
idea.
好主意。
　　(7)
I
agree(with
you).
我同意(你的意见)。
　　(8)
No,I
don't
think
so.
不，我认为不可以。
　　(9)
I'm
afraid
not.
恐怕不行。
　　(10)
I
really
can't
agree
with
you.
我真的不能同意。
　　12、表示肯定和不肯定
　　(1)
I'm
sure.
我肯定。
　　(2)
I'm
sure
that...
我肯定……(后接宾语从句)
　　(3)
I'm
not
sure.
我不敢肯定。
　　(4)
I'm
not
sure
if...
我不敢肯定是否……
　　(5)
Maybe/Perhaps.
可能吧。
　　
13、谈论天气
　　(1)
What's
the
weather
like
today?
今天天气如何?
　　(2)
How
is
the
weather
in
England?
　　英格兰的天气怎么样?
　　(3)
It's
fine/cloudy/windy/rainy
　　晴天/多云/有风/有雨。
　　(4)
It's
rather
warm/cold/hot
today,isn't
it?
　　今天很暖和/冷/热，是吗?
　　(5)
Lovely
weather,isn't
it?
天气不错,不是吗?
　　(6)
What
a
heavy
rain!
好大的雨!
　　(7)
What
a
strong
wind!
好大的风!
　　14、购物
　　(1)
Can
I
help
you?
你想买点什么?
　　(2)
What
can
I
do
for
you?
你想买点什么?
　　(3)
I
want/I'd
like/I'm
looking
for...
我想买点……
　　(4)
What
colour/size/kind
do
you
want?
你想买什么颜色/尺寸/种类的?
　　(5)
Do
you
have
any
other
kind/size/colour?
还有其他种类/尺寸/颜色的吗?
　　(6)
Is
that
all?
还要别的吗?
　　15、问路和应答
　　(1)
Excuse
me,where's
the
nearest
hospital?
　　请问，最近的医院在哪儿?
　　
(2)
Excuse
me,which
is
the
way
to...?
　　请问，哪一条是去……的路?
　　(3)
Excuse
me,can
you
tell
me
the
way
to...?
　　请问，你能告诉我去……的路吗?
　　(4)
How
can
I
get
to...?
I
don't
know
the
way.
　　怎样才能到……?我不认识路。
　　(5)
Go
down
this
street.
沿着这条街往前走。
　　(6)
Turn
right/left
at
the
first
crossing.
　　第一个十字路口右/左拐。
　　(7)
It's
about...
meters
from
here.
离这……米。
　　(8)
Is
it
far?
远吗?
　　(9)
How
far
is
it?
有多远?
　　(10)
You'd
better
take
a
bus.
你最好乘公共汽车。
　　(11)
Which
number
do
I
need?
我该乘哪一路车?
　　(12)
I
think
you
need
a
No.5
bus.
我认为你应该乘五路车。
　　(13)
Sorry,I
don't
know.
You'd
better
ask
the
policeman
over
there.
对不起，我不知道，你最好问问那边的那个警察。
　　16、问时间或日期和应答
　　(1)
What
day
is(it)today?
今天星期几?
　　(2)
What's
the
date
today?
今天几号?
　　(3)
What
time
is
it?
几点了?
　　(4)
What's
the
time,please?
几点了?
　　(5)
It's
Monday.
今天是星期一。
　　(6)
It's
July
1st.
今天是七月一日。
　　(7)
It's
six
o'clock/half
past
five/a
quarter
to
five/four
thirty.
　　六点/五点半/五点差一刻/四点半。
　　(8)It's
time
for/to
do...
到了该干……的时候了。
　　17、请求
　　(1)
Can/Could
you...
for
me?
你能替我做……吗?
　　(2)
Will/Would
you
please...?
你可不可以……?
　　(3)
May
I
have...?
我可以……吗?
　　(4)
Please
give/pass
me...
请给/递给我……
　　(5)
Please
wait(here/a
moment).
请稍等。
　　(6)
Please
wait(for)your
turn.
请等到轮到你时。
　　(7)
Please
stand
in
line/line
up.
请站成一排。
　　(8)Please
hurry.
请快点。
　　18、劝告和建议
　　(1)
You'd
better
ask
that
woman.
你最好问问那位妇女。
　　(2)
All
right.
Thanks.
好吧,谢谢。
　　(3)
Why
don't
you
go
to
the
park?
为什么不去公园呢?
　　(4)
Right.
I'll
do
that.
好，就这么办吧。
　　(5)
How/What
about
going
out
for
a
walk?
去散散步怎么样?
　　(6)
That's
a
good
idea.
Thank
you.
好主意，谢谢。
　　(7)
I
think
you'd
better
look
it
up
in
the
dictionary.
　　你最好还是查查字典。
　　(8)
You
are
right.
你说得对。
　　(9)
Shall
we
play
together?
我们一起玩好吗?
　　(10)
You
shouldn't
stay
up
too
late.
别睡得太晚。
　　(11)
I
don't
mind.
我不介意。
　　19、禁止和警告
　　(1)
You
can't
do
that.
别那么做。
　　(2)
If
you
don't
get
up,you'll
be
late
for
school.
　　你再不起床就会迟到了。
　　(3)
Be
careful!
小心!
　　(4)
Take
care!
小心!
　　(5)
Don't
walk
there.
The
floor
is
wet.
　　别走那儿，地板湿的。
　　(6)
Make
sure
you
lock
the
door
when
you
leave.
　　你走的时候把门锁好。
　　20、表示感情
　　(1)
I'm
glad/pleased/happy
to
meet
you.
很高兴见到你。
　　(2)
That's
nice.
那好吧。
　　(3)
That's
wonderful/great.
太棒了!
　　(4)
What's
wrong?
怎么了?
　　(5)
What's
the
matter?
怎么了?
　　(6)
I'm/He's/She's
worried.
我/他/她有点担心。
　　(7)
Oh.
What
shall
I
do?
我该怎么办呢?
　　(8)
Really?
真的?
　　(9)
Oh,dear!
天哪!
　　(10)
Is
that
so?
真的?
　　21、就餐
　　(1)
What
would
you
like
to
have?
想来点什么?
　　(2)
Would
you
like
something
to
eat/drink?
要吃/喝点什么吗?
　　(3)
I'd
like
a
cup
of
coffee.
来杯咖啡。
　　(4)
Help
yourself
to
some
fish.
随便吃点鱼。
　　(5)
Thank
you.
I've
had
enough.
谢谢，我吃饱了。
　　(6)
Just
a
little,please.
就一点儿。
　　(7)
—Here
or
to
go?
—To
go,please.
　　——在这儿还是带走?——带走吧。
　　22、约会
　　(1)
Are
you
free
this
afternoon/evening?
　　今天下午/晚上你有空吗?
　　(2)
How
about
tomorrow
morning/afternoon/evening?
　　明天上午/下午/晚上呢?
　　(3)
Shall
we
meet
at
4∶30
at
the
school
gate?
　　4∶30在学校门口见面如何?
　　(4)
Yes,that's
all
right.
好吧，就这么定了。
　　(5)
Yes,I'll
be
free
then.
那会儿我就有空了。
　　(6)
No,I
won't
be
free
then.
不行，那会儿我没空。
　　(7)
All
right.
See
you
then.
好吧，再见。
　　(8)
It
doesn't
matter.
We
can
make
it
sometime
next
week.
　　没关系，我们下周见。
　　(9)
I'd
like
to
see
you
tomorrow.
明天想见你。
　　(10)
When
can
you
make
it?
你定在什么时候?
　　23、传递信息
　　(1)
Will
you
please
give
this
note/message
to
Kate?
　　你可以把这个留言条给凯特吗?
　　(2)
He
asked
me
to
give
you
this
note.
他让我给你这张条。
　　(3)
Thanks
for
the
message.
谢谢你的留言。
　　24、看病
　　(1)
There
is
something
wrong
with
my
back.
　　我的后背有毛病。
　　(2)
I've
got
a
cough.
我咳嗽。
　　(3)
I
feel
terrible.
我感到难受。
　　(4)
I
don't
feel
well.
我不舒服。
　　(5)
I've
got
a
pain.
我疼。
　　(6)
This
place
hurts.
这个地方疼。
　　(7)
What's
wrong
with
you?
你怎么了?
　　(8)
What's
the
matter?
你怎么了?
　　(9)
What's
your
trouble?
你怎么了?
　　(10)
I
don't
feel
like
eating.
我不想吃。
　　(11)
Take
this
medicine
three
times
a
day.
　　服这种药，一天三次。
　　(12)
It's
nothing
serious.
不严重。
　　(13)
You'll
be
all
right.
你会好的。
　　(14)
You'll
get
well
soon.
你很快就会康复。
　　(15)
Take
it
easy.
别紧张。
　　(16)
Drink
more
water
and
have
a
good
rest.
　　多喝水，多休息。
　　(17)
How
long
have
you
been
like
this?
　　这种情况已经有多久了?
　　(18)
I've
got
a
headache
and
a
cough.
我头疼,咳嗽。
　　(19)
Let
me
look
over
you.
让我给你检查检查。
　　(20)
Have
you
taken
your
temperature?
你量过体温了吗?
　　25、求助
　　(1)
Help!
救命!
　　(2)
What's
the
matter?
怎么了?
　　(3)
Could
you
give
me
a
hand?
你能帮我吗?
　　(4)
Would
you
help
me?
你能帮我吗?
　　(5)
Do
you
think
you
can
lend
me
your
bike?
　　你可以借给我你的自行车吗?
　　(6)
Do
you
mind
helping
me
with
my
English?
　　你愿意帮我学英语吗?
　　26、处理交际中的障碍
　　(1)
Pardon.
请再说一遍。
　　(2)
Please
say
that
again/more
slowly.
　　请再说一遍/说慢点。
　　(3)
I'm
sorry
I
can't
follow
you.
很抱歉我听不懂。
　　(4)
I'm
sorry
I
know
only
a
little
English.
　　对不起，我只懂一点儿英语。
—My
mother
has
been
ill
for
several
days.
—_______.
A.
That’s
too
bad.
B.
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that.
C.
How
terrible!
D.
Never
mind.
【答案】B
2.—It’s
too
hot.
Why
not
go
swimming
with
us?
—______.
A.
Good
idea!
B.
That’s
right!
C.
Well
done!
D.
Congratulations!【答案】A
3.—Bill,
can
I
get
you
anything
to
drink?
—______.
A.
You
are
welcome.
B.
No
problem.
C.
I
wouldn’t
mind
a
coffee.
D.
It
doesn’t
matter【答案】C
4.—I
didn’t
expect
to
see
you
studying
at
the
library
so
early
in
the
morning.
—______,
huh?
A.
Every
dog
has
its
day
B.
Many
hands
make
light
work
C.
The
early
bird
catches
the
worm
D.
Too
many
cooks
spoil
the
broth
【答案】C
5.—I
missed
the
beginning
of
The
Voice
of
China
yesterday
evening.
—
!
But
you
can
watch
the
re-play
tonight.
A.
Hurry
up
B.
What
a
pity
C.
Try
your
best
D.
I
don’t
think
so答案】B
6.—
Your
pencil
case
looks
really
beautiful.
—______.
But
in
fact,
Gina’s
looks
better
than
mine.
A.
Of
course
B.
Not
at
all
C.
I’m
afraid
not
D.
Thank
you【答案】D
7.—Would
you
mind
if
I
turn
on
the
radio?
—______.
The
baby
is
sleeping
in
the
next
room.
A.
No,
I
don’t
mind
B.
Not
at
all
C.
Better
not
D.
That’s
all
right答案】C
8.—What
does
your
mother
do?
—______.
A.
She
does
the
housework
B.
She
is
a
nurse
C.
She
is
very
thin
D.
She
looks
very
young
【答案】B
9.—Do
you
want
to
go
to
Taiwan
or
Tibet
for
holiday?
—
A.
No,
I
don’t.
B.
Yes,
I
do.
C.
Good
idea!
D.
I
want
to
go
to
Taiwan.
【答案】D
10.—_______?
—Sorry,
we’ll
go
and
play
in
the
park.
A.
Don’t
drop
litter
here.
B.
Would
you
mind
not
playing
baseball
here?
C.
You
have
to
get
up
early.
D.
Would
you
mind
not
smoking
in
public?
【答案】B
—May
I
speak
to
Robert?
—_______.
A.
I
am
Robert
B.
Speaking,
please
C.
It’s
78345190
D.
He
is
Robert
【答案】B
—My
friend
has
achieved
his
goal
after
years
of
hard
work.
—Great!
________.
A.
One
tree
can't
make
a
forest
B.
Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way
C.
Many
hands
make
light
work
D.
A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed
【答案】B
—
He
has
to
stay
in
Thailand
for
one
more
week
because
his
passport
and
ID
card
were
stolen.
—
______.
A.
Forget
it
B.
It
doesn’t
matter
C.
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that
D.
Great
【答案】C
—The
documentary
A
Bite
Of
China
II
is
quite
popular
around
China
recently.
How
do
you
like
it?
—______.
A.
I
think
so
B.
Pretty
good
C.
It’s
my
pleasure
D.
All
right
15.
—Hello,
may
I
speak
to
Jane?
—______
A.
Who
are
you?
B.
What’s
wrong?
C.
This
is
Jane
speaking.
D.
She
is
Jane.
【答案】
16.
—I’ll
go
to
Hong
Kong
for
a
trip
next
weekend.
—Great!
_______
A.
Good
luck!
B.
Have
a
good
time!
C.
Best
wishes!
D.
Glad
to
see
you
again.
【答案】B
—You
have
a
beautiful
voice.
I
love
your
songs.
—_______
A.
No,
I’m
not.
B.
Thank
you.
C.
It’s
OK.
D.
That’s
all
right.
【答案】B
—Are
you
confident
about
the
basketball
match
against
Class
9,
Yangyang?
—_______
I’ve
got
everything
ready!
A.
Of
course
not.
B.
It’s
hard
to
say.
C.
Sure,
I
am.
D.
I
am
afraid
not.
【答案】C
—You’d
better
not
eat
too
much
salt.
It’s
bad
for
your
health.
—_______.
A.
Not
at
all.
B.
You’re
welcome.
C.
I’m
thirsty
now.
D.
Thanks
for
your
advice.
【答案】D
—My
new
iPhone
was
stolen
when
I
took
a
bus
yesterday.
—_______
A.
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that.
B.
It
doesn’t
matter.
C.
Don’t
be
silly.
D.
I’d
love
to.
【答案】A
—Would
you
mind
my
opening
the
window?
—_______
It’s
much
too
hot
here.
A.
Certainly.
B.
Of
course
not.
C.
All
right.
D.
Yes,
you
can.
【答案】B
—Mum,
I’ve
got
the
first
prize
in
the
photo
competition.
—_______
A.
Good
luck!
B.
Not
at
all.
C.
Good
idea!
D.
Congratulation!
【答案】D
—Is
everyone
here
today?
—_______
A.
No,
Jack
isn’t
here.
B.
Yes,
please.
C.
Yes,
it
is.
D.
Let’s
go.
【答案】A
—What’s
the
weather
like
in
your
hometown?
—_______
A.
Yes,
I
like
it.
B.
It’s
warm
in
winter.
C.
Why
not?
D.
Yes,
very
much.
【答案】B
—Would
you
like
something
to
drink?
—_____.
I’m
thirsty.
A.
Yes,
I
can
B.
No,
thanks
C.
Yes,
please
D.
No,
I
don’t
like
it
【答案】C
—I
have
looked
for
my
lovely
dog
everywhere
but
I
still
can’t
find
it.
—_______
A.
Great!
B.
Good
idea.
C.
I
don’t
think
so.
D.
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that.
【答案】D
—The
programme
is
very
popular.
—_____.
We
all
like
it.
A.
That’s
right.
B.
Not
at
all.
C.
It
doesn’t
matter
D.
You’re
welcome
【答案】A
—Can
I
have
a
look
at
your
photos,
please?
—______.
A.
Sure,
here
you
are
B.
Don’t
mention
it
C.
I
can’t
agree
with
you
D.
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that
【答案】A
—How’s
it
going,
Alan?
—_______.
A.
Long
time
no
see
B.
I’m
drawing
a
picture
C.
It’s
going
to
rain
D.
Pretty
good
【答案】D
—Can
I
bring
a
friend
to
your
birthday
party?
—Sure,
______
.
A.
no
problem
B.
not
at
all
C.
my
pleasure
D.
well
done
【答案】A
—Jim,
remember
to
return
this
book
by
Friday.
—______.
A.
Got
it
B.
Good
luck
C.
That’s
right
D.
It’s
nothing
【答案】A
—We
failed
in
the
singing
competition.
—______.
Better
times
are
waiting
for
you.
A.
No
way
B.
Best
wishes
C.
Cheer
up
D.
Good
job
【答案】C
—Will
you
be
back
before
10
o’clock?
—_______.
The
exam
won’t
be
over
until
eleven.
A.
I
hope
not
B.
Here
you
are
C.
I’m
afraid
not
D.
Best
wishes
【答案】C数词
概述
　　数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词电基数词，如
one,
five,
ten,
thirty,
sixty-five
等;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如
first,
sixth,
tenth,
twenty-first
等。数词与不定代词用法相似，在现代英语中，它与不定代词、冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词等被称之为限定词。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。
基数词
1.
基数词的表示法
　　(1)
以下是最基本的基数词，学习者必须牢记：
　　one(1),
two(2),
three(3),
four(4),
five(5),
six(6),
seven(7),
eight(8),
nine(9),
ten(10),
eleven(11),
twelve(12),
thirteen(13),
fourteen(14),
fifteen(15),
sixteen(16),
seventeen(17),
eighteen(18),
nineteen(19),
twenty(20),
thirty(30),
forty(40),
fifty(50),
sixty(60),
seventy(70),
eighty(80),
ninety(90),
a
hundred(100),
a
thousand(1000),
a
million(1000000),
a
billion
(十亿)
　　(2)
21—99
的表示法。先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字号：twenty-one(21),
thirty-six(36),
forty-five(45),
ninety-nine(99)等。
　　(3)
101—999的表示法。先说“几百”，后接and，再加末尾两位数(或末位数)：one
hundred
and
one(101),
five
hundred
and
thirty(530),
seventy
hundred
and
eighty-nine(789)
　　(4)
1000
以上的基数词的表示法。先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗号(即以此把数目分为若干段)。第一个逗号前的数为thousand(千)，第二个逗号前的数million(百万)，第三个逗号前的数为billion(十亿)，第四个逗号前的数为
trillion(万亿)，然后一段一段地数：
　　9,
883
nine
thousand,
eight
hundred
and
eighty-three
　　65,
359
sixty-five
thousand,
three
hundred
and
fifty-nine
　　265,
468
two
hundred
and
sixty-five
thousand,
four
hundred
and
sixty-eight
　　60,
263,
150
sixty
million,
two
hundred
and
sixty-three
thousand,
one
hundred
and
fifty
　　注：①
英语没有“万”这个单位，要表示“万”须借用thousand，如“一万”用“十千”表示(ten
thousand)，“十万”用“百千”表示(one
hundred
thousand)。
　　②
hundred,
thousand,
million,
billion
等词在读数时不带复数词尾-s(即用单数形式)。
　　③
在hundred
后通常加上连词，不过此and
在美国英语中可以省略。若读数中没有
hundred，则在thousand后加and。
　　④一个数的最高位若为“一”，这个“一”可用a或one表示，但在数字中间的“一”，则只能用one，不能用a：
　　1600
a
thousand
and
six
hundred
　　6100
six
thousand
and
one
hundred
(其中的
one
不可改为a)
　　⑤
在非正式场合，人们也常以hundred
为单位来读数，对于1100至1900之间的整数尤其如此(参见年代的读法)：
　　It
cost
fifteen
hundred
pounds.
这东西花了1500英镑。
　　
2.
时刻、日期、年份等的表示法
　　(1)
时刻的表示法
　　①
若为整点钟，则直接读相应的基数词;若为非整点钟，则分别以“时”和“分”为单位用相应的基数词读出：twelve(12),
eight
twenty(8:20),
nine
forty-five(9:45)
　　②
对于带“分”的时间，也可借助past(过)和to(差)这两个介词来表示(在美国英语中用after表示“过”)。但是注意，这样表示时“分”不能超过30，否则应作处理，如9.38应处理成“10点差22分”：
　　9.18
eighteen
minutes
past
(after)
nine
(=
nine
eighteen)
　　10.46
fourteen
minutes
to
eleven
(=
ten
forty-six)
　　以上分钟后带了minutes一词。若“分”为5,
10,
15,
20
等五的倍数，则可省略minutes：
　　8.05
five
(minutes)
past
eight
(=
eight
five)
　　9.20
twenty
(minutes)
past
nine
(=nine
twenty)
若“分”为15或45，可借用quarter
一词;若“分”为30，可借用half一词：
　　6.15
a
quarter
past
six
8.45
a
quarter
to
nine
10.30
half
past
ten
　　注：时刻表示法分为12小时编时制和24小时编时制。
　　(2)
日期的表示法：日期的写法(书面语)和读法(口语)稍有不同，如“十月一日”可以写成
October
1,
October
1st,
1
October,
1st
October,
(the)
1st
of
October
等，表示月份的词也可用缩略式，如
Oct.
1,
1
Oct.
1，但是在口语中通常只有两种读法
October
(the)
first或the
first
of
October。
　　注：日期与星期排列时，通常是星期在前，日期在后：He
arrived
on
Friday,
May
10.
他于5月10日(星期五)到达。
和fifteen
hundred，而2000年通常读作
two
thousand，2003年读作
two
thousand
and
three。
　　若表示某个某个年代，则按类似以下的读法：1980s
读作nineteen-eighties(20世纪80年代)，
1600s
读作sixteen
hundreds(17世纪头10年，即1600—1610)，
比较：1300
thirteen
hundred(1300年)。
　　
用于复数形式的基数词
　　(1)
表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的岁数或年代：
　　in
the
sixties
在60年代
in
one's
thirties
在某人30多岁时
　　(2)
基数词转化为名词，可用复数形式：
　　How
many
twos
are
there
in
ten?
10里面有几个2?
　　The
soldiers
marched
in
tens.
士兵们10人一排前进。
　　(3)
某些习语中也用复数形式的基数词：
　　in
twos
and
threes
三三两两地
at
sixes
and
sevens
乱其八糟
　　
序数词
1.
序数词的表示法
　　(1)
以下是最基本的序数词，学习者必须牢记：first(第1),
second(第2),
third(第3),
fourth
(第4),
fifth(第5),
sixth(第6),
seventh(第7),
eighth(第8),
ninth(第9),
tenth(第10),
eleventh(第11),
twelfth(第12),
thirteenth(第13),
fourteenth(第14),
fifteenth(第15),
sixteenth(第16),
seventeenth(第17),
eighteenth(第18),
nineteenth(第19),
twentieth(第20),
thirtieth(第30),
fortieth(第40),
fiftieth(第50),
sixtieth(第60),
seventieth(第70),
eightieth(第80),
ninetieth(第90)。
　　注：①
许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加th构成的，如：four
/
fourth，six
/
sixth，ten
/
tenth，sixteen
/
sixteenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。
　　②
twentieth,
thirtieth,
fortieth
等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加th
构成。
　　③
first,
second,
third
通常可缩写为1st,
2nd,
3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”：4th,
5th,
9th,
11th,
60th,
128th等。
　　(2)
非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three
hundred
and
sixty-fifth(第365)等。
　　(3)
hundred,
thousand,
million
等序数词形式为
hundredth,
thousandth,
millionth
等：
　　five
hundredth
(500th)
第500
ten
thousandth
(10,
000th)
第10000)
　　注意：这类词前用数字“一”时，这个“一”只用one，不用a：
　　one
hundredth
第100(不说a
hundredth)
2.
既可序数词也可用基数词的场合
　　(1)
日期的表示法通常用序数词，也可用基数词，如“5月5日”在书面语中通常写成5
May(英)或May
5th(美)，而在口语中则通常说成
the
fifth
of
May，May
the
fifth(英)，
May
fifth(美)等。
　　(2)
在类似编号的场合，用序数词应放在被修饰词语之前，若用基数词则置于其后：
　　the
First
Lesson
/
lesson
one
第一课
the
tenth
chapter
/
chapter
ten
第10章
the
sixth
line
/
line
6
第6
行
the
third
part
/
part
three
第三部分
　　但是，在许多情况下，用基数词比用序数词更合适、更方便：
　　Book
One
第一册
Room
805
805房
　　page
110
第110页
Bus
Number
Ten
第10路公共汽车
　　
3.
序数词前使用冠词应注意的两点
　　(1)
序数词前通常要用定冠词
　　It's
the
third
time
I've
been
here.
这是我第三次来这儿。
　　The
second
is
better
than
the
first.
第二个比第一个好。
　　注：①
表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常省略定冠词：
　　She
was
(the)
third
in
the
exam.
她考试得了第三名。
　　②序数词用作副词时也通常不用冠词：
　　He
came
first.
他先来。
　　I'll
have
to
finish
my
homework
first.
我得先把作业做完。
　　③有些习语中的序数词前没有冠词：
　　at
first
开始
at
first
sight
乍看起来
first
of
all
首先
　　④
但若序数词前用了物主代词或名词所有格，则不能再用定冠词：
　　his
second
wife
他的第二个妻子
Tom's
third
book
汤姆的第三本书
　　(2)
序数词前有时可用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加：
　　A
second
student
stood
up.
又一个(第二个)学生站了起来。
　　I
want
to
read
the
book
a
third
time.这本书我想读第三次。
　　序数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于，定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指，有类似another的意思，但比another
的意思更明确：
　　I
like
the
third
girl.
我喜欢第三个女孩。(至少有三个女孩供选择，特指)
　　I
saw
a
third
girl.
我又看见了第三个女孩。(暗示原来已看见两个，这已是第三个)
四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数的表示法
1.
分数的表示法。
　　分数由基数词和序数构成——分子用基数词，分母用序数，分子超过“1”时，分母用复数：a
sixth,
two
thirds,
three
fifths
注：(1)
1/2
通常读作
a
half，一般不读作a
second。
　　(2)
1/4可读作
a
fourth，也可读作
a
quarter。
　　(3)
分子超过“1”分母之所以用复数可以这样理解：“三分之二”即两个(two)三分之一(third)，既然是两个“三分之一”，那“三分之一”当然要用复数，即用thirds。
　　(4)
在数学上，为了简洁起见，分子和分母均可用基数词，其间用介词over：3/4
读作three
over
four(对于比较复杂的分数通常采用此读法)
　　(5)
带分数的读法：在整数与分数之间用and连接：five
and
two
thirds
2.
倍数的表示法。
　　表示倍数时通常借助half,
double,
twice,
three
times等之类的词：
　　Half
(of)
the
apples
are
bad.
一半苹果是坏的。
　　His
homework
is
not
yet
half
done.
他的作业还没完成一半。
He
eats
twice
what
I
eat.
他的食量是我的两倍。
　　第(1)句和第(3)句的意思比较清楚，但第(2)句常容易误解，有人认为它与其他两句意思不同，应理解为“这根绳子比那根绳子长三倍”，但绝大多数语法学家并不这样认为，而是认为以上三句意思相同。
小数的表示法。
　　与汉语一样，小数点前的数按普通基数词的读法读，小数点后的数按单个数字一一读出。小数点后的0通常读作oh，有时也读作nought或zero，小数点读作point：one
point
five
six(1.56),
ten
point
three
oh
five(10.305)
　　注：被大于“1”的小数修饰的名词要用复数，如说
1.3
meters，不说1.3
meter;即使是被小于“1”的小数修饰，名词也通常可以用复数：One
centimeter
equals
0.3937
inches.
1厘米等于0.3937英寸。
4.
百分数的表示法。
　　百分数由基数词(或小数)和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作
per
cent：fifteen
percent(15%),
(zero)
point
six
percent(0.6%)
　　注：百分数后接名词时有时用介词of，有时不用：30%
of
the
students(30%的学生)，a
30%
chance(30%的把握)。两者的区别是：后接介词of时，percent
为名词，of表示整体中的部分;不接介词of时，percent
为形容词(此时不表示整体与部分的关系)，再比较：6
percent
of
the
interest=利息中的百分之六，at
6
percent
interest=按百分之六的利息。
五、约数的表示法
1.
大于某数的表示法。
　　可用
more
than,
over,
or
more等表示：
　　more
than
fifty
people
五十多个人
　　children
of
fourteen
and
over
十四岁和十四岁以上的少年
　　sixty
students
or
more
六十或六十多个学生
2.
小于某数的表示法。
　　可用less
than,
under,
or
less,
up
to,
almost,
nearly
等：
　　It
cost
me
less
than
10
pounds.
我买它没要上10英镑。
　　Children
under
six
years
old
are
admitted
free.
未满6岁的儿童可免费入场。
　　It's
nearly
10
o'clock..
快两点了。
　　The
temperature
is
five
degrees
below
zero.
温度是零下5度。
3.
大约数的表示法。
　　可用or,
or
so,
about,
around,
round,
some,
more
or
less
等表示：
　　I'll
come
back
in
three
or
four
days.
我过三四天就回来。
　　We
stayed
or
an
hour
or
so.
我们停留了一个小时左右。
　　It
will
cost
around
(round,
about)
100
dollars.
那大概要100美元。
　　Some
100
people
attended
the
meeting.
大约100参加了会议。
　　I
read
more
or
less
forty
pages
last
night.
我昨晚看了大约40页。
　　注：要表示“一两分钟”这样的意思，通常用a
minute
or
two
或
one
or
two
minutes，而不用
one
minute
or
two。
六、数词的句法功能
1.
用作主语：
　　The
second
is
yours.
第二个是你的。
It’s
said
that
13
is
an
unlucky
number.
据说13是一个不吉利的数字。
2.用作表语：
　　Her
father
is
sixty-five.
她父亲65岁。
　　Two
thirds
of
the
apples
were
bad.
三分之二的苹果是坏的。
3.
用作宾语：
　　I
know
three
of
them.
他们当中有三个有我认识。
　　Please
give
me
the
third.
请给我第三个。
用作定语：
　　He
has
three
English
dictionaries.
他有三本英语词典。
　　The
second
one
is
more
expensive.
第二个更贵。
　　The
rope
is
only
2.15
meters
long.
这根绳子只有2.15米长。
用作同位语：
　　Are
you
two
reading?
你们两人都在看书吗?
　　Let
us
four
finish
the
work.
让我们四个人完成这工作吧。
　　Who
is
that
man,
the
first
in
the
front
row?
前排第一个是准?
课堂练习：
(
)
1．Now，everyone，please
turn
to
Page
and
look
at
picture．
A．Twelve；the
fifth
B．Twelfth；the
fifth
C．Twelve；five
D．Twelfth；five
(
)
2．一Which
number
is
the
biggest
of
the
four?
—
．
A．One
third
B．Two
thirds
C．A
half
D．A
quarter
(
)
3．一Can
you
write
the
number
eighty-five
thousand
six
hundred
and
twenty-six?
一Yes，it
is
．
A．85，626
B．856，620
C．58，662
D．58，626
(
)
4．一Have
you
got
enough
students
to
carry
the
boxes？
一No，I
think
I
need
students．
A．another
B．two
others
C．two
more
D．more
two
(
)
5．In
order
to
find
better
job，she
planned
to
learn
second
language．
A．the；a
B．the；／
C．a；the
D．a；a
(
)
6．一Which
class
won
the
basketball
match?
一
did．
A．Class
Third
B．Class
Three
C．Third
Class
D．Three
Class
(
)
7．About
of
the
earth
covered
with
water，but
we
have
less
fresh
water．
A．three
quarter；is
B．three
quarters；is
C．three
quarter；are
D．three
quarters；are
(
)
8．Christmas
Day
is
on
of
December．
A．twenty-five
B．the
twenty-five
C．twenty-fifth
D．the
twenty-fifth
(
)
9．—How
long
is
the
bridge
?—It’s
．
A．300-meter-long
B．300-meters
1ong
C．300
meters
long
D．300
meter
long
(
)10．The
number
of
the
students
in
our
grade
about
，and
of
them
are
girls．
A．are；six
hundreds；two-thirds
B．is；six
hundred；two-third
C．is；six
hundred；two
thirds
D．are；six
hundreds；two
third
(
)11．一Ang
Lee，a
Chinese
director，won
the
Best
Director
again
in
his
．
一How
great
he
is!
It
is
his
time
to
win
an
Oscar．
A．fifty；twice
B．fiftieth；second
C．fifties；second
D．fifties；two
(
)12．The
weight
of
the
moon
is
only
about
of
that
of
the
earth．
A．one
eighty
C．one
of
eighty
C．one
the
eightieth
D．one
eightieth
(
)13．Look!
This
is
a
school
built
three
years
ago．This
school
is
ours．
A．as
twice
larger
as
B．twice
as
large
as
C．1arger
twice
as
D．two
times
as
large
as
(
)14．Tom，a
boy，can
speak
English
quite
well．He
Wants
to
learn
language
next
term．
A．twelve-year-old；second
B．twelve
year
old；the
second
C．twelve-year-old；a
second
D．twelve
years
old；the
second
(
)l5．Three
and
two
were
talking
when
the
professor
came
in．
A．Japanese；Germen
B．Japaneses；Germen
C．Japanese；Germans
D．Japaneses；Germans
(
)16．
girls
took
part
in
the
Happy
Girl
Competition
but
only
a
few
of
them
succeeded
A．Million
of
B．Many
million
of
C．One
raillion
of
D．Millions
of
(
)l7．一How
far
is
the
small
town
from
London?
—It’s
about
kilometers．
A．two
hundred
and
thirty
five
B．two
hundreds
and
thirty
five
C．two
hundreds
and
thirty-five
D．two
hundred
and
thirty-five
(
)18．We
have
stayed
at
this
school
for
．
A．Two
years
and
half
B．Two
and
half
a
years
C．Two
years
and
a
half
D．Two
and
a
half
year
答案
1—5
ABACD
6—10
BBDCC
11—15
CDBCC
l6—18
DDC
家庭作业：
1.—Linda,
how
can
I
keep
fit?
—Well,
______
apple
a
day
keeps
______
doctor
away.
A.
an,
a
B.
an,
the
C.
the,
a
D.
the,
the
2.—What
do
you
think
of
the
3D-printed
______?
—I’m
afraid
they
are
not
safe
enough
to
live
in.
A.
tools
B.
buildings
C.
cars
D.
toys
3.—I
like
the
song
sung
by
Li
Jian.
—Me,
too.I
think
no
one
can
sing
______
than
him
in
the
programme
I
AM
A
SINGER.
A.
better
B.
worse
C.
more
D.less
4.I
want
to
buy
a
fine
watch
for
my
father
on
Father’s
Day,
but
______
is
fit
for
him
in
the
shops
nearby.
A.
no
one
B.nothing
C.
none
D.
neither
5.______
of
the
land
in
that
area
______
covered
with
golden
yellow
flowers
at
this
time
of
year.
A.
Three
fifths,
is
B.
Three
fifth,
is
C.
Three
fifth,
are
D.
Three
fifths,
are
6.Bella
,
a
young
singer,
______on
January,
2015
because
of
cancer.
Her
death
made
us
very
sad.
A.
has
been
dead
B.
has
died
C.
had
been
dead
D.
died
7.More
and
more
people,
old
and
young,
are
fond
______
square
dance
in
the
early
evening.
A.
on
B.
to
C.
in
D.of
8.We
are
going
to
Xinghua
Museum
by
car.
You
can
come
with
us
______
you
can
ride
there
later.
A.
but
B.
and
C.
or
D.
for
9.—Hello,
This
is
Jim
Green.
May
I
speak
to
Mr
Black,
please?
—______,
please.
I’ll
see
if
he
is
in
his
office.
A.
Come
on
B.
Turn
on
C.
Hold
on
D.
Go
on
10.______
nice
the
fish
smells!
I
can’t
wait
to
taste
it.
A.
How
B.
How
a
C.
What
D.
What
a
11.—Who
is
your
new
English
teacher
this
term,
Jack?
—
The
man
______
is
wearing
a
blue
T-shirt.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
whose
D.
which
12.—What
a
heavy
rain!
Will
it
last
long?
—______.
We’re
going
on
a
trip
to
West
Lake
in
Hangzhou
tomorrow.
A.
Not
at
all
B.
Of
course
not
C.
I
hope
not
D.
Not
exactly
13.—Dad,
Let’s
hurry!
There
are
only
ten
minutes
______.
I
don’t
want
to
miss
the
train.
—OK,
I’m
coming.
A.
leave
B.
to
leave
C.
leaving
D.
left
14.—Someone
is
singing
next
door.
Is
it
Amy?
—It
______
be
her.
She
is
giving
a
performance
at
the
theatre
now.
A.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
won’t
15.—Could
you
tell
me
______?
—With
my
teacher’s
help.
A.
when
you
did
so
well
B.
when
did
you
do
it
so
well
C.
how
you
did
so
well
D.
how
did
you
do
it
so
well
家庭作业
题
号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
答
案
B
B
A
C
A
D
D
C
C
A
B
C
D
A
C连词
连词是一种虚词，用于连接词与词或句与句，不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。
一、并列连词
1、表示并列关系的并列连词有：and,
neither…nor,
not
only…but
(also),
both…and,
as
well
as
Eg:Neither
you
nor
I
am
right.
你和我都不正确。
Not
only
my
father
but
also
I
am
interested
in
football.
不仅我爸爸而且我也对足球感兴趣。
Both
she
and
Sophia
were
pleased
with
the
girl.
她和索菲娅都对这女孩满意。
Tom
as
well
as
I
walks
to
school
every
day.
除了我，汤姆也每天步行去上学。
2、并列连词的作用
（1）表转折关系
表示转折关系的并列连词有：but,
yet,
while,
however
Eg：I
failed
again,
but
I
won't
give
up.
我又失败了，但我不会放弃的。
I
was
born
in
Dalian
while
I
grew
up
in
Canada.
我在大连出生而在加拿大长大。
（2）表因果关系
表示因果关系的并列连词有so,
therefore,
for
Eg：I
got
up
late,
so
I
didn't
catch
the
early
bus.
我起床晚了，所以没赶上早班车。
The
days
get
longer,
for
it
is
already
July.
天变长了，因为已经是七月了。
（3）表选择关系
表示选择关系的并列连词有or,
either…or…，otherwise
Eg：Work
hard,
or
you
will
fall
behind.
努力学习，否则你会落后的。
Either
you
or
he
is
going
to
do
some
shopping
this
afternoon.
今天下午或者你或者他去购物。
注意：
(1)both…and…意为“……和……”，连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。
(2)neither…nor…意为“既不……也不……”；not
only…but
(also)…意为
“不但……而且……”；either…or…意为“或者……或者……”。它们连接两个成分作主语时，谓语的数通常与靠近其的主语的数保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
(3)as
well
as意为“而且，还，又”，它连接并列主语时，谓语动词应与它前面的主语一致
练一练
A、1.
I
failed
again,
___
I
won’t
give
up.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
so
2.
This
is
my
first
lesson,
__
I
don’t
know
your
names.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
so
B、1.
Which
do
you
like
better,
apples,
__
pears?
A.
and
B.
but
C.
or
2.
Now
we
have
no
time
_____
money.
?
A.
so
B.
and
C.
or?
3.Christine,
Aileen
_____
(和)
I
are
good
friends.
Study
hard,
______
(否则)you’ll
fall
behind.
4.
Are
you
coming
by
bus
____(或者)
on
foot?
C、1.
Try
your
best
__
you’ll
make
more
progress.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
or
2.
Don’t
lose
heart,
__
you’ll
lose
all.
A.
and
B.
so
C.
or
D、1.
It’s
getting
warmer
__
warmer.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
or
2.
He
or
the
twins
__
the
USA.
A.
comes
from
B.
come
from
C.
is
from
3.
Not
Tom
but
I
___
going
to
give
the
talk.
A.
am
B.
is
C.
are
E、1.
Although
I
have
passed
the
exam,
___
I
am
not
pleased
with
the
result.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
/
F、So的特殊用法
1、“so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语”句型为倒装结构，意思为“…也是如此”，系动词、情态动词或助动词必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。
Eg：-I
like
reading
novels
when
I
am
free.有空闲时我喜欢读小说。-So
do
I.我也是。
2、“so+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词”
表示对上文所说的情况加以肯定。意思为“…确实如此”。
Eg：-He
works
hard.他工作努力。-So
he
does,
and
so
does
his
brother.他确实是这样，他兄弟也是如此。
G、either…or…；neither…nor…；not
only…but
also…就近原则
1.
Both
Peter
and
I
___
going
to
Guangzhou.
A.
are
B.
is
C.
am
2.
Either
apples
or
rice
__
Ok.
I
am
hungry.
A.
are
B.
is
C.
/
3.
Neither
I
nor
my
parents
___
to
tell
you
the
truth.
A.
wants
B.
want
C.
is
going
to
4.
Not
only
I
but
also
Jane
__
sure
that
we’ll
win.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
am
适当连词填空
1、这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。
The
weather
here
is
___________too
hot
________too
cold.
2、她不但美丽而且聪明。
She
is
________pretty
__________
clever.
3、不是你对就是我对。
_______
you
_______
I
_____
correct
(形容词：正确的)
二、引导状语从句的从属连词
1．引导时间状语从句的连词：when,
while,
before,
after,
since,
until,
as
soon
as
Eg：Vegetables
are
best
when
they
are
fresh.
新鲜的蔬菜最好。
She's
been
playing
the
piano
since
she
was
eight.
她从八岁起就弹钢琴了。
I'll
let
you
know
as
soon
as
I
get
to
Beijing.
我一到北京就通知你。
引导条件状语从句的连词：if,
unless,
as
long
as
Eg：If
it
is
fine
tomorrow,
we'll
go
to
the
park.
如果明天天气好，我们就去公园。
My
father
will
look
for
another
job
unless
the
company
offers
him
more
money.
除非这家公司给他更多的报酬，否则我爸爸将另寻一份工作。
引导目的状语从句的连词：so
that,
in
order
that
Eg：He
got
up
early
so
that
he
could
catch
the
early
bus.
为了能赶上早班车，他起得很早。
4．引导原因状语从句的连词：because,
as,
since
Eg：Since
everyone
is
here,
let's
begin.
既然大家都在这儿，那咱们就开始吧。
引导结果状语从句的连词：so…that,
such…that
Eg：The
horse
ran
so
fast
that
I
couldn't
follow
it.
马跑得如此快，以至于我跟不上它。
6．引导让步状语从句的连词：though,
although，even
if(＝even
though),
whatever
Eg：I
can't
still
understand
the
article
though
there
are
few
new
words
in
it.
尽管这篇文章里几乎没有生词，但我还是不懂。
引导比较状语从句的连词：than,
as…as…，
not
as/so…as
Eg：I
think
English
is
as
important
as
Maths.
我认为英语和数学同等重要。
注意：
(1)在if引导的条件状语从句和as
soon
as,
when引导的时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则。
(2)though,
although不与but连用，但可以和yet,
still连用。
8.练一练
A、1、You’ll
be
late
_____(如果)
you
don’t
get
up
early
tomorrow.
2、I’ll
come
to
see
you
_______(如果)
I’m
free
next
Saturday.
3、We’ll
have
a
picnic
tomorrow
_______(如果)
it
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow.
B、I
was
cleaning
the
floor
_____(当…的时候)
she
knocked
at
the
door.
Dick
climbed
up
into
a
tree
_________________(一…就)
he
saw
the
bear.
I
knew
nothing
about
it
_____(直到…才)
my
friend
told
me
yesterday.
I
haven’t
heard
from
Bill
______(自从)
we
graduated
from
middle
school.
C、1.You
should
return
the
digital
camera
to
Sally
_____
she
will
not
be
angry.
A.
so
that
B.
because
C.
before
2.
He
was
hurt
____
badly
_____
he
had
to
see
a
doctor.
A.
too…to
B.
so…
that
C.
so
that
He
took
off
his
coat
______
it
was
too
hot
in
the
room.
A.And
B.
since
C.
but
4.
Solo
missed
the
bus
____
he
was
late
for
school.
A.
because
B.
so
C.
or
D、1.Tom
is
still
doing
his
homework
___
it
is
very
late.
A.
so
that
B.
even
though
C.
if
2.
I
never
seem
to
put
on
any
weight,____
hard
I
try.
A.
though
B.
no
matter
how
I
enjoy
learning
English,
__
it
takes
me
a
lot
of
time.
A.
unless
B.
although
C.
because
4.
I
will
never
give
up
learning
English
___________
(即使)
it
is
difficult.
E、as,
because,
since
,for用法比较
1)
如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：
I
stayed
at
home
because
it
rained.
---Why
aren’t
you
going?
---Because
I
don’t
want
to.
2)
如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点。as和since
引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：
As
he
wasn’t
ready,
we
left
without
him.
Since
I
have
no
money,
I
can’t
buy
any
food.
3)
for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。for引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：
I
decided
to
stop
and
have
lunch，for
I
was
feeling
quite
hungry.
三、引导宾语从句的从属连词
1．that引导陈述句作宾语从句
Eg：He
told
me
that
he
would
move
to
Japan
the
next
year.
他告诉我第二年他将搬到日本。
2．if/whether引导一般疑问句作宾语从句。
Eg：I
don't
know
if/whether
there
will
be
a
bus
any
more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车。
3．wh?疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句。如：
Eg：He
didn't
tell
me
when
we
should
meet
again.
他没有告诉我我们什么时候会再见面。
注意：
(1)that无实际意义，可省略。
(2)if/whether
意为“是否”。
(3)if/whether以及wh?疑问词引导的宾语从句需要用陈述句语序。
4、练一练
A、when，while，as用法比较
三者均可译为“在……时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；
若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思，一般用
as。
When
I
came
into
the
room,
I
found
him
lying
there
asleep.
She
sang
as
she
walked.
她一边走一边唱歌。
注意：
while
可以表示对比关系“然而”。
He
is
short
while
his
brother
is
tall.
B、if,
whether
if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一般可互换。例如：
I
wonder
whether
(if)
you
still
study
in
that
school.
在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：
①.在不定式前。例如：
I
haven’t
made
up
my
mind
whether
to
go
there
or
not.
②.用or并列两项以上时。例如：I
don’t
now
whether
he
comes
or
not.
③.从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。
It
depends
on
whether
it
will
be
fine.那得看是不是晴天。
④.作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。
We
discussed
whether
we
should
close
the
shop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店
C、so…that,
such...that
1)
so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：
I’m
so
tired
that
I
can’t
walk
any
farther.
It
was
such
a
warm
day
that
he
went
swimming.
2)
如果在名词之前有many,
much,
little,
few时，用so,不用such。例如：
He
has
so
little
education
that
he
is
unable
to
get
a
job.
1、__________
you
turn
on
Home
With
Kids
<<家有儿女>>，
you'll
never
be
able
to
turn
the
TV
off.23.
A.
of.
B.
Because
C.
Although
D.
As
2、-----
Would
you
like
to
go
hiking
with
me,
Susan?
A.
Until
B.
before
C.
if
D.
after
3、The
flight
was
delayed
by
the
storm，______the
passengers
had
to
wait
at
the
airport.
A.but
B.or
C.so
D.for
4、The
nurse
won't
leave
her
patients__________
she's
sure
they
are
all
taken
good
care
of.
A.unless
B.because
C.since
D.if
5、I
am
really
proud
of
my
group
_______
we’re
always
discussing
and
sharing
study
secrets
together.
How
important
the
group
work
is!
A.
because
B.
though
C.
unless
6、—Are
you
going
camping
this
afternoon?
—A
typhoon
is
coming.
I’m
not
sure
_____the
road
to
the
mountains
will
be
closed.
A.
Which
B.
what
C.
whether
D.
why
7、—I
want
to
be
a
teacher
when
I
grow
up.
—Work
hard,
_________
your
dream
will
come
true.
A.
Or
B.
but
C.
though
D.
and
8、Don’t
touch
anything
__________
your
teacher
tells
you
to.
A.
If
B.
though
C.
unless
D.
even
though
9、﹣I
hear
Susan
will
go
to
Beijing
by
herself.
﹣That’s
true._______
her
father
_________
her
mother
will
go
with
her.
A.Both;and
B.Either;or
C.Neither;nor
10、—When
shall
we
send
the
washing
machine
to
you,
Mrs.
Read?
—________
on
Thursday
________
on
Friday,
please.
I’ll
be
at
home
then.
A.
Either;
or
B.
Neither;
nor
C.
Both;
and
11、I’ll
go
to
visit
my
aunt
in
England______the
Summer
holiday
starts.
A.while
B.
since
C.
until
D.as
soon
as
12、I
didn’t
accept
his
help
I
wanted
to
try
it
myself.
A.
because
B.
though
C.
until
D.
unless
13、一Are
you
going
camping
this
afternoon?
﹣A
typhoon
is
coming
I'm
not
sure
_______the
road
to
the
mountains
will
be
closed.
A.which
B.what
C.whether
D.why
14、It’s
10
o’clock
now.
Let’s
go
home.It’s
raining
outside
.Don’t
leave
______it
stops.
A.so
B.since
C.until
15、
you
live，
you
can
do
something
around
your
neighborhood.
A.
Wherever
B.
Whatever
C.
No
matter
D.
Unless
16、We
must
get
up
early
______
we
can
catch
the
first
bus
to
school.
A.sot
hat
B.such
that
C.in
order
to
D.
in
order
17、
----The
students
of
Grade
9
in
Changchun
have
to
take
part
in
the
P.E.
test
from
2016.
A.
until
B.
if
C.
unless
D.
or
18、Now
most
families
have
only
one
child
_____
our
country’s
one-child
policy.
A.so
B.because
C.because
for
D.because
of
19、Jim
likes
documentaries
________
I
like
it,too.
A.
but
B.
and
C.
or
20、—I
want
to
travel
to
the
Black
Bear
Island
next
weekend.
—Good
idea!
Make
a
plan
first,
_____
you
will
enjoy
more
beautiful
scenery.
A.
but
B.
and
C.
however
21、—Must
we
go
there
together
at
once?
—______
you
______
he
goes
there,
only
one
student
is
needed.
A.Both;
and
B.Either;
or
C.Neither;
nor
D.Not
only;
but
also
22、My
English
teacher
has
taught
English
______
she
came
here.
A.
since
B.
as
C.
for
23、—The
doctors
in
the
hospitals
are
very
tired
these
days
because
of
the
H1N1.
—Yes,
___________none
of
them
would
stop
to
rest.
A.
though
B.
and
C.
but
D.
so
24、I
can’t
understand
____
you’re
talking
about.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
if
D.
because
25、―I’m
going
to
Hangzhou
for
a
holiday
this
weekend.
―______
you
are
there,
could
you
buy
me
some
green
tea?
A.
Because
B.
While
C.
After
D.
Though
26、_______
we
are
both
pretty
outgoing,
Pete’s
better
at
sports.
A.
Though
B.
So
C.
Or
D.
Because
27、Tom
likes
bananas,
his
sister
likes
them,
too.
A.
And
B.
or
C.
but
28、
You’re
never
too
young
things.
A.to
start
B.begin
doing
C.to
doing
D.
to
start
doing
29、My
mother
was
doing
the
cleaning
in
the
sitting
room
________
the
telephone
rang.
A.
When
B.
while
C.
since
D.
as
soon
as
30、She
sold
newspapers
to
help
support
her
family
__she
is
only
12
years
old.
A.unless
B.if
C.since
D.though
31、Get
up
early,______
you'll
catch
the
early
bus.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
but
D.
or
32、
_____who
you
go
with，you
should
be
back
by
10:00
p.m.
A.
However
B.
If
C.
Whether
D.
No
matter
33、You
can’t
do
anything
successfully
___
you
put
your
heart
into
it
A.if
B.
unless
C.when
D.since
34、—What
were
you
and
your
cousin
doing
at
this
time
yesterday?
—He
was
reading
a
magazine
________
I
was
writin
g
an
e-mail.
A.
as
B.
while
C.
when
D.
after
35、Many
of
us
waste
food
____
lots
of
people
in
Africa
can't
have
enough
to
eat
.
A.
and
B.
so
C.
while
D.
because
36、Why
don’t
you
go
to
the
movie
?
_
I
don’t
finish
my
homework
.
A.
because
B.
So
C.
Maybe
D.
And
37、—Did
you
win
the
game
yesterday?
—Not
really.
_______
we
all
tried
our
best,
we
lost
it.
A.
If
B.
Though
C.
Unless
D.
How
38、My
classmates
all
like
music
it’s
relaxing.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
but
D.
because
39、
the
bad
traffic,
I
was
late
for
school
this
morning.
A.
Because
B.
Because
of
C.
Of
D.
With
40、I
enjoy
fresh
air
so
I
always
sleep
with
the
window__________
open
it
is
really
cold.
A.
unless
B.
when
C.
if
D.
since
连词练习题答案
1、A2、C
3、C4、A5、A6、C7、D8、C9、C10、A
11、D12、A13、C14、C15、A16、A17、B
18、D19、B20、B
21、B
22、A
23、C
24、A25、B26、A27、A
28、D29、A30、D
31、B32、D33、B34、B35、C
36、A
37、B38、D39、B40、A
?音标
英语国际音标（48个）
元音（20个）
长元音
/ɑ:/
/?:/
/?:/
/i:/
/u:/
[a:]
calm
[kɑ?m]
平静
half
[hɑ?f]
一半
palm
[pɑ?m]
手掌
[u:]
school
[sku?l]
学校
fool
[fu?l]
傻的
zoo
[zu?]
动物园
[?:]
certain
[?s?:tn]
必然的，skirt
[sk??t]
裙子，sir
[s??]
先生
[??]
talk
[t??k]
说
ball
[b??l]
球
fall
[f??l]
落下
[i?]
he
[hi?]
他
me
[mi?]
我
be
[bi?]
是
读下列单词：
party
['pɑ?t?]
政党
door
[d??]
门
floor
[fl??]
地板
sheep
[?i?p]
绵羊
green
[gri?n]
绿色
purse
[p??s]
fur
[f??]
毛皮
movie
[?mu?vi]
电影
soup
[su?p]
汤
短元音
/?/
/?/
/?/
/?/
/?/
/e/
/?/
[?]：
strut,
mud,
love,
blood
：
hill,
miss,
sit
[e]：
bed,
desk,
head
[u]：
look,
put,
women,
could
[?]：apple
[??pl]
苹果
mad
[m?d]
疯狂的
cash
[k??]
现金
family
['
f?mili]
家庭
[?]：
hot
[h?t]
热的
dot
[d?t]
点
nod
[n?d]
点头
[?]：
along
[??l??]沿着
banana
[b??nɑ:n?]
香蕉
about
[??ba?t]
关于
bat
音标[b?t]蝙蝠
pat
音标[p?t]
轻拍
mat
音标[m?t]
垫子
dad
音标[d?d]爸爸
want
[w?nt]
想要
wash
[w??]
洗
what
[w?t]
什么
meter
[?mi:t?]
米
mother
[?m???]
母亲
speaker
[?spi:k?]
演讲者
双元音
/e?/
/a?/
/??/
/??/
/e?/
/??/
/??/
/a?/
[e?]:
pay
[pe?]
支付
day
[de?]
天
may
[me?]
可能
[a?]:
like
[la?k]
喜欢
by
[ba?]
经过
fly
[fla?]
飞
[??]:
toy
[t??]
玩具
boy
[b??]
男孩
voice
[v??s]
声音
[a?]:
mouse
[ma?s]鼠
out
[a?t]
外面
how
[ha?]
多么
[??]:
boat
[b??t]
船
coat
[k??t]
大衣
goat
[g??t]
山羊
[??]:
near
[n??]
附近
clear
[kl??]
清楚的
here
[h??]
这里
[e?]:
share
[?e?]
共享
dare
[de?]
敢
care
[ke?]
照料
[??]:
tour
[t??]
旅行
moor
[m??]
荒野
辅音（28个）
清辅音
/p/
/t/
/
k/
/f/
/θ/
/s/
（声带不振动）
浊辅音
/b/
/d/
/ɡ/
/v/
/?/
/z/
（声带振动）
清辅音：
/p/:
pig
[p?g]
猪
lip
[l?p]
嘴唇
/t/:
little
['l?tl]
小的
cotton
['k?t?n]
棉花
/
k/:
like
[la?k]
喜欢
keep
[ki?p]
保持
/f/:
life
[la?f]
生活
five
[fa?v]
五
/θ/:
thing
[θ??]
东西
death
[deθ]
死亡
/s/:
ice
[a?s]
冰
nice
[na?s]
好的
浊辅音：
/b/:
big
[b?g]
大的
bat
[b?t]
蝙蝠
/d/:
day
[de?]
天
/ɡ/:
game
[ge?m]
游戏
glade
[gle?d]
林间空地
/v/:
live
[l?v]
活着
have
[h?v]
有
/?/:
that
[??t]
那个
father
['fɑ???]
父亲
/z/:
zoo
[zu?]
动物园
zero
['z??r??]
零
清辅音
/?/
/h/
/ts/
/t?/
/tr/
浊辅音
/?/
/r/
/dz/
/d?/
/dr/
/?/：shut
[??t]
关闭
wish
[w??]
愿望
/h/：hair
[he?]
头发
hate
[he?t]
恨
（另外许多首字母h不发音;例词：hour
['a??]
小时
honest
['?n?st]
诚实的
honor
['?n?]
荣誉）
/ts/：hats
[h?ts]
帽子
starts
[stɑ:ts]
出发
/t?/：chair
[t?e?]
椅子
cheap
[t?i?p]
便宜的
/tr/：treat
[tri?t]
对待
try
[tra?]
试
/?/：collision
[k??l??n]
碰撞
confusion
[k?n?fju:?n]
混乱
/r/：rise
[ra?z]
上升
radio
['re?d???]
收音机
/dz/：reads
[ri:dz]
读
hands
[h?ndz]
手
/d?/：page
[pe?d?]
页
large
[lɑ?d?]
大的
/dr/：drink
[dr??k]
喝
draw
[dr?:]
画
鼻音
/m/
/n/
/?/
半元音
/j/
/w/
边音
/l/
注：鼻音、半元音、边音都属浊辅音。
/m/：mile
[ma?l]
英里
time
[ta?m]
时间
/n/：funny
['f?n?]
好笑的
sunny
['s?n?]
晴朗的
/?/：ink
[??k]
墨水
think
[θ??k]
想
/j/：you
[ju?]
你
yes
[jes]
是
/w/：war
[w??]
战争
word
[w??d]
单词
/l/：lot
[l?t]
许多
sale
[se?l]
出售
课后练习：
一、判断下列各组单词中划线部分的读音是否相同。相同打“S”，不同打“D”
(
)1．name；Grace
(
)2．quilt；nice
(
)
3.hello；OK
(
)4．not；what
(
)5．do；too
(
)6.
nice；fine
(
)7．my；Cindy
(
)8．cap；Kate
(
)9.
nice；Linda
(
)10．meet；bee
根据字母的读音填空。
1
Aa
________
Kk
________
2
Ee
Bb
_______
Dd
_______
Pp
_______
________
3
Ii
_______
4
Oo
5
Uu
Qq
_______
6
Ff
_______
Mm
_______
Ss
_______
三、从A、B、C、D中选出含有相同音素的选项。
(
)1．A．a
f
B．b
p
C．d
j
D．i
r
(
)2．A．b
i
B．d
r
C．g
p
D．j
p
(
)3．A．h
l
B．e
u
C．h
m
D．n
x
(
)4．A．m
w
B．s
r
C．c
f
D．f
l
(
)5．A．h
z
B．s
v
C．v
h
D．f
s
四、找出一个与所给字母含有同一音素的字母的选项
（
）1、B
A、A
B、G
C、F
（
）2、H
A、G
B、A
C、E
（
）3、C
A、F
B、A
C、D
答案：
一、1．
S
2．D
3．S
4．S
5
．S
6．
S
7．D
8．D
9．D
10．S
二、1.Hh
Jj
2.Cc
Gg
Tt
Vv
3.Yy
4.Ww
5.Ll
Nn
Xx
三、1—5
BCDDD
四、
1、C
2、A
3、A名词
一、名词的含义及分类
：
名词是人类认识事物所使用的基本词汇，它主要用来指人或各种事物具体的名称，也可以指抽象的概念。名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、称呼语等。如：
Jay
Chou?lives
in?Taiwan.周杰伦住在台湾。（和是名词）
A?dog?is
eating
a?bone.一只狗正在啃骨头。（和是名词）
名
词
类
别
意
义
例
词
专有名词
表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称
Jim
,
China,
Qingdao,
the
UK,
the
Great
Wall
普通名词
可
数
名
词
个体名词
表示单个人的人或事物
girl,
student,
desk,
cat
,
country
集合
名词
表示一群人或一些事物的总称
people,
police,
team,
clothes,
group
不
可
数
名
词
物质名词
表示无法分为个体的物质
water,
ice,
pork,
cheese,
air
抽象名词
表示抽象概念的词
fun,
healthy,
happiness,
love,
care
名
词
特
点
词
尾
加
法
词
尾
读
音
方
法
例
词
一般情况下
加-s
1.
-s在清辅音后读[s]
2.
-s在浊辅音后读[z]
3.
-s在元音后读[z]
4.
以音素[
s
,
z
,
d?
]结尾的，读[iz]
desks
apples
trees
oranges
以-s,
-x,
-sh,
-ch
结尾的
加-es
-es读[iz]
boxes
watches
以
f
或
fe
结尾的
改f或fe为v
再加-es
-ves读[vz]
knives
wives
以辅音字母加y结尾的
变y为i
加-es
-ies读[iz]
dictionaries
families
以元音字母加y结尾的
加-s
-s读[z]
boys
keys
以o
结尾的
有生命的事物加-es
-es读[z]
tomatoes
potatoes
无生命的事物加-s
-s读[z]
radios
photos
字母、数字要复数，其后加’s
Eg：
There
are
two
f’s
in
the
word
“office”.
Many
VIP’s
are
coming
to
our
city.
1.
名词变复数的规则变化：
[特别注意]　fish表示“鱼肉”时，为不可数名词，表示“条数”时，其复数形式与单数形式相同，但表示不同种类的鱼时，其复数形式为fishes。
少数名词复数形式变化是不规律的：
eg：man-men
；woman-women
；tooth-teeth
；child-children
；foot--feet；
goose-geese；sheep-sheep；deer-deer
；mouse-mice
二、不可数名词：
1.
不可数名词：
1).
不能直接用数字表数量；
2).
不能直接加a或an；
3).
没有复数形式；
4).
可用some、any、lots
of、plenty
of、much
修饰；
5).
可用“量词短语”表示；
2.
不可数名词的数量的表示方法：
a
/
数字+
量词
+
of
+
不可数名词：
a
piece
of
paper
a
cup
of
tea
a
glass
of
milk
不可数名词：water；milk；oil；juice；cheese；butter；gas；air；salt；sugar；mutton；beef；chicken鸡肉；weather
天气；rubbish
垃圾；luggage／baggage
行李；information
信息；advice
建议；furniture
家具；equipment
设备；luck运气；work
工作；music
音乐；traffic
交通；room
空间；word
消息等。
既可当可数名词又可当不可数名词的名词（只是意义不同）：
paper
论文；报纸（可数名词）／
纸（不可数名词）；
experience
经历（可数名词）／经验（不可数名词）；
fish
鱼（可数名词）／鱼肉（不可数名词）；
work
作品（可数名词）／工作（不可数名词）；
beauty
美人（可数名词）／美丽（不可数名词）；
room
房间（可数名词）／空间（不可数名词）；
word
话；单词（可数名词）／消息（不可数名词）；
strength
优势；强项（可数名词）／力量（不可数名词）；
change改变；变化（可数名词）／零钱（不可数名词）；
study
研究（可数名词）／学习（不可数名词）；
success成功的人／事（可数名词）／成功（不可数名词）等。
名词的数量修饰语
(1)
只修饰可数名词
many?
?few??
several
dozens
of
a
couple
of
a?number?of
quite?a?few
many?a
(后跟可数名词单数)??
只修饰不可数名词
a?little??much??a?bit?of
a?great?deal?of??
a?large?amount?of
(3)
修饰可数名词与不可数名词均可
some??
any
??enough
plenty?of?
?
a?lot?of??
a?mass?of
quantities?of??
most?
?all
名词的所有格：
名词的格（表所属关系，作定语，限定修饰名词）
有生命的名词所有格：“名词加’s”（作前置定语）。
Mary’s
dictionary
玛丽的字典
kids’
toys
孩子们的玩具
Children’s
Day
儿童节
Teachers’
Day
教师节
无生命的名词所有格：
“of+名词”（作后置定语）。
the
theme
of
the
passage
文章的主旨；
the
title
of
the
song
歌名
双重所有格：“of
+
名词所有格”或“of
+
名词性物主代词”（作后置定语）。
a
brother
of
my
father’s
我父亲的一个兄弟；
a
friend
of
mine
我的一个朋友
注：
1.
两人或多人共同拥有某件东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s。若表示各自拥有时，则需要在每个名字后加’s。如：
Mrs.
Green
is
Lily
and
Lucy’s
mother.
格林夫人是莉莉和露西的母亲。
I
have
invited
Andy’s
mother
and
Jane’s
mother
to
my
home.
我已邀请安迪的母亲和简的母亲到我家里作客。
2.
用于表示时间、距离、国家、地点、自然现象等无生命事物的名词，可以加’s构成所有格，且有些已成为固定用法。如：
a
week’s
time
一周的时间；
ten
minutes’
journey
十分钟的路程
China’s
entry
to
the
World
Trade
Organization
中国加入WTO
由some、any、no、every与one、body结合的复合不定代词something、anythiny等和else连用时，所有格应加在else
的后面。
名词的句法作用
作主语：
China
is
a
developing
country.
中国是一个发展中国家。
作表语：
Pride
and
Prejudice
is
a
world-famous
novel.
《傲慢与偏见》是一部世界著名的小说。
作宾语（动宾或介宾）：
My
grandpa
grows
vegetables
in
the
backyard.
我爷爷在后院种蔬菜。（作动词grow的宾语）
He
is
from
Russia.
他来自俄国。（Russia在句中作介词from的宾语）
作定语，修饰名词，说明另一个名词的性质或特性：
paper
cup
纸杯子；
orange
juice
橙汁；
soap
opera
肥皂剧；
silver
necklace
银项链；
summer
vocation
暑假；
Chinese
lesson
语文课；
作同位语：
Li
Hua,
Chairman
of
the
Students
Union,
has
been
invited
to
attend
the
activity.
He
didn’t
tell
the
truth
to
Jane,
his
wife.
6.
作补足语（主补或宾补）：
We
call
him
Tom.
我们都叫他汤姆。
（Tom在句中作宾补）
He
is
called
Tom
by
us.
他被我们叫做汤姆。（Tom在句中作主补）
They
made
Mary
chairman
of
the
Students
Union.
他们选玛丽为学生会主席。
（作宾补）
Mary
is
made
chairman
of
the
Students
Union
by
them.
玛丽被他们选为学生会主席。（作主补）
五、名词的构词法
主要分为合成法，转化法，缩略法和派生法四种。
合成法：adj.
+
n.
如：Bluetooth蓝牙,
blackboard黑板,
superhero超级英雄,
supermarket超市
n.
+
n.
如：basketball
篮球，
self-service
自助，
play-list
播放单，
footprint
脚印，
hairstyle
发型
bookstore
书店
brainstorm
头脑风暴，
snowman
雪人，
fisherman
渔夫
v.-ing
+n.
如：parking
lot
停车场
prep.
+n.
如：overcoat
大衣
n.
+
v.-ing
如：human
being
人类
n.
+
prep.
如：passer-by
路人
转化法：
v.→n.
如：surprise
(vt.)
使惊讶→surprise
(n.)
惊讶
缩略法：examination
→exam考试，
advertisement
→ad广告
laboratory
→lab实验室
gymnasium
→gym体育馆
identity
→ID
身份
number
→No.
数字
the
People’s
Republic
of
China
→PRC
中华人民共和国
the
Communist
Party
of
China
→CPC中国共产党
the
People’s
Liberation
Army
→PLA
中国人民解放军
the
United
States
of
America
→the
USA
美国
练习题:
1.
(?)?1?She?was?very?happy.?She_____in?the?maths?test.?
A.?makes?a?few?mistake
?B.?made?a?few?mistakes??
C.?made?few?mistakes
?D.?makes?few?mistake?
(?)?2?We?need?some?more____.?Can?you?go?and?get?some,?please??
A.?potato
?B.?potatos?
C.?potatoes?
D.?potatoe?
(?)?3?_____are____for?cutting?things.?
A.?Knife/used?B.?Knives/used?C.?Knife/using?D.?Knives/using?
(?)?4?What?big____?the?tiger?has!?
A.?tooth?
B.?teeth?
C.?tooths?
D.?toothes?
(?)?5?Please?remember?to?give?the?horse?some?tree___.?
A.?leafs?
B.?leaves
?C.?leaf?
D.?leave?
(?)?6?-Can?we?have?some?___??
-Yes,?please.?
A.?banana?
B.?oranges
?C.apple?
D.?pear?
(?)?7?On?the?table?there?are?five____.?
A.?tomatos?
B.?piece?of?tomatoes?
C.?tomatoes?
D.?tomato?
2.?
(?)?1?They?got?much?___?from?those?new?books.?
A.?ideas?
B.?photos?
C.?information?
D.?stories?
(?)?2?He?gave?us____?on?how?to?keep?fit.?
A.?some?advices?
B.?some?advice?
C.?an?advice?
D.?a?advice?
(?)?3?When?we?saw?his?face,?we?knew___?was?bad.?
A.?some?news
?B.?a?news
?C.?the?news
?D.news?
(?)?4?What___?lovely?weather?it?is!?
A.?/
?B.?the?
C.?an?
D.?a?
3.?
(?)?1?-Would?you?like___tea??
-No,?thanks.?I?have?drunk?two____.?
A.?any,?bottles?of?orange?
B.?some,?bottles?of?orange?
C.?many,?bottles?of?oranges?
D.?few,?bottle?of?oranges?
(?)?2?He?is?hungry.?Give?him?___?to?eat.?
A.?two?breads?
B.?two?piece?of?bread
C.?two?pieces?of?bread?
D.?two?pieces?of?breads?
(?)?3?It?really?took?him:___?to?draw?the?nice?horse.?
A.?sometimes?B.?hour?C.?long?time?D.?some?time?
(?)?4?I?would?like?to?have___?
A.?two?glasses?of?milk
?B.?two?glass?of?milk?I?
C.?two?glasses?of?milks?
D.?two?glass?of?milks?
(?)?5?Can?you?give?me?____??
A.?a?tea
B.?some?cup?of?tea?
C.?a?cup?tea?
D.?a?cup?of?tea?
(?)?6?Please?give?me?___?paper.?
A.?one?
B.?a?piece?
C.?a
?D.?a?piece?of?
(?)?7?John?bought___for?himself?yesterday
?two?pairs?of?shoes?
?two?pair?of?shoe?
?two?pair?of?shoes?
D.?two?pairs?shoes?
4.?
(?)?1?-How?many?____?have?you?got?on?your?farm??
-I've?got?five.?
A.?sheeps
?B.?sheep?
C.?pig?
D.?chicken?
(?)?2?Some?___?came?to?our?school?for?a?visit?that?day.?
A.?Germans
?B.?Germen?
C.?Germany
?D.?Germanies?
(?)?3?In?the?picture?there?are?many____?and?two.?
A.?sheep;?foxes?
C.?sheeps;?foxes?
B.?sheeps;?fox?
D.?sheep;foxs?
(?)?4?A?group?of______?will?visit?the?museum?tomorrow.?
A.?Hungarian
?B.?Australian?
C.?Japanese
D.?American?
5.?
(?)?1?This?table?is?made?of___.?
A.?many?glass?
B.?glasses?
C.?some?glasses
?D.?glass?
(?)?2?-What?would?you?like?to?have?for?lunch,?sir??
-I'd?like____.?!?
A.?chicken?
B.?a?chicken?
C.?chickens?
D.?the?chicken?
(?)?3?Children?should?make____?for?old?people?in?a?bus.?
A.?room?
B.?a?room
?C.?rooms
?D.?the?room?
6.?
(?)?1?Tables?are?made?of___.?
A.?wood?
B.?some?woods?
C.?wooden?
D.?woods?
(?)?2?I?wonder?why?______?are?so?interested?in?action?(武打片)?films.?
A.?people?
B.?peoples
?C.?the?people
?D.?the?peoples?
(?)?3I?have?read____?of?the?young?writer.?
A.?works?
B.?work?
C.?this?works?
D.?the?works?
7.?
(?)?1?Let's?meet?at?7:?30?outside?the?gate?of___??
A.?the?People's?Park?
B.?the?Peoples'?Park?
C.?the?People?Park?
D.?People's?Park?
)?2?___?Chinese?people?are?___?hard?working?people.?
A.?/;?a?
B.?We;?the?
C.?The;?the?
D.?The;?a?
(?)?3?How?many?were?there?in?the?street?when?the?accident?happened??
A.?policeman
?B.?polices?
C.?police
?D.?peoples
参考答案：
?
1.?1-7?C?C?B?B?B?B?C??
?
2.?1-4?C?B?C?A?
?
3.?1-7?B?C?D?A?D?D?A?
?
4.?1-4?B?A?A?C?
?
5.?1-3?D?A?A?
?
6.?1-3?A?A?D?
7.1-3
A
D
C人称、物主、反身代词
学习目标与重点：
人称、物主、反身代词是中考的必考点，是英语学习的基础。
在中考里主要以填空题的形式进行考察，还有完型的选择也会考察。
所以，要学会代词的各种形式的使用，以及要会正确书写。
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他们
人称代词
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
物主代词
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
1.人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I
am
a
teacher.
You
are
student.
He
is
a
student,
too.
We/You/They
are
students.
2.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词后面。
Give
it
to
me.
Let’s
go
(let’s
=let
us)
3.形容词性物主代词
+
名词
=
名词性物主代词
例：
Is
that
your
ruler?
No,
it
isn’t.
It
is
hers.
形容词性物主代词
(1)通常用在名词之前，表示“某人的…”，如：my
desk我的桌子，your
book你的书，his
mother他的妈妈。
(2)当名词之前有物主代词修饰时，就不能用a,
an
,this,
that等。
如：She
is
my
a
friend.→She
is
my
friend.(√)
This
is
my
a
cup.→This
is
my
cup.(√)
(3)物主代词不能修饰动词。
(4)形容词性物主代词与形容词一样，不能单独使用，必须与名词一起连用，放在被修饰的名词之前，作定语。
如：my
room,
your
pencils等。
(5)如果名词前面还有其它词修饰，形容词性物主代词应放在最前面，
例如：My
too
books我的两本书，your
small
bag你的小书包
反身代词经常和动词连用：
enjoy
oneself
help
oneself
dress
oneself
teach
oneself
附一：
人称代词用法口诀：
动前主格动后宾
名前形代介后宾
若名词含在内
选用名代就行
附二：
物主代词“形”变“名”歌
形代变名代
掌握规律变得快
多数词尾加--
s
my,its,his要除外
my把y来变成i
接着再把
ne
带
his,its
不用变
词形一样莫奇怪
附三：
反身代词变化歌
反身代词代自己
懂得规律很好记
单数人称加self
复数人称selves
一二人称都一样
所有格后加“自己”
第三人称不一样
要用宾格加“自己”
附四：
“I”的自我画像
My
name
is
“I”,
在英语字母的大家族中排行“老九”。我的亲兄妹五个(a,e,i,o,u),堂兄妹二十一个。除长兄“a”和我能独立成词外，他们都只能以字母身份出现。我以单词身份“出访”时，无论走到那里，人们都冠以我大写。有人说这是我的个人主义思想在作怪，其实不然。我有个叫am的朋友，她常常跟在我的身后，如I
am
fine.
练习题：
用适当的代词填空.
1.Is
that
car
yours?Yes,it
is
___________.
2.How
is
Mr
Li?____________is
fine,thanks.
3.Put
on___________
hat!I
am
going
to
put
it
on.
4.Who
is
that
over
here?It
is____________.
5.The
old
man
lives
by
___________.
6.I
am
sure
I
can
do
it
all
by
____________.
7.Look,is
this
room
beautiful?I
painted
it
__________.
8.I’d
like
to
go
for
a
walk.___________
too.
9.What
are
___________jobs?They
are
students.
10.We
think
to
______________.
11.Mary
is
old
enough
to
take
care
of
___________.
12.It
is
perfume,I
made
it
_______________.
13.Look
at
_________.She
is
very
well.
14.Can
you
carry
this
box
upstairs
by
____________.
15.You
and
she
did
very
well
in
the
test.
The
teacher
said
that
he
would
praise
__________
and___________.
16.The
story
___________was
very
good,but
you
are
did
not
tell
it
well.
17.Give
Jane
this
watch..Give___________
this
one
too.
18.Sara
is
not
pleased
with
___________in
this
English
test.
19.Did
you
enjoy
____________at
the
party
yesterday?
20.She
wants
to
buy
a
car
of
__________own.
选择填空.
1.Mr.More
has
more
money
than
Mr.Little
.But
he
doesn’t
enjoy
____________.
A.he
B.him
C.his
D.himself
2.Lily
was
9
years
old.__________
was
old
enough
to
go
to
school
_____________.
A.She
,she
B.She
,herself
C.Her,herself
D.Her.she
3.Jim’s
watch
is
much
newer
than
______________.
A.hers
B.she
C.her
D.herself?
4.Would
you
like
__________for
super?
A:something
Chinese
B：Chinese
something
C:anything
Chinese
D:Chinese
anything
5.___________
piano
is
too
old
,but
she
still
liked
playing
it.
A.She
B.She’s
C.Hers
D.Her
6.Who
taught
you
English
last
year?
Nobody
taught
me
.I
taught
___________.
A.me
B.myself
C.mine
D.I
7.That
bike
is
______________?
A．he
B.him
C.his
D.it
8.We
bought
___________
a
present,but
____________
didn”t
like
it.
A.they,them
B.them
,they
C.themselves
,their
D.theirs,they
答案：
一、填空
Mine
2.he
3.your
4.her
5.here
6.myself
7.myself
8.me
9.those
10.ourselves
11.herself
12.myself
13.her
14.yourself
15.you,her
16.you
made
17.her
18.her
results
19.yourself
20.her
二、选择
1.D
2.B
3.A
4.C
5.D
6.B
7.C
8.B
三、用适当的代词填空。
1.Is
that
car
yours?
Yes,
it
is
___________.?
2.How
is
Mr
Li?
____________is
fine,
thanks.
3.Put
on___________
hat!
I
am
going
to
put
it
on.?
4.Who
is
that
over
here?
It
is____________.
5.The
old
man
lives
by
___________.?
6.I
am
sure
I
can
do
it
all
by
____________.
7.Look,is
this
room
beautiful?
I
painted
it
__________.?
8.I’d
like
to
go
for
a
walk.
___________
too.
9.What
are
___________jobs?
They
are
students.?
10.We
think
to
______________.
11.Mary
is
old
enough
to
take
care
of
___________.?
12.It
is
perfume,
I
made
it
_______________.
13.Look
at
_________.
She
is
very
well.?
14.Can
you
carry
this
box
upstairs
by
____________.
15.You
and
she
did
very
well
in
the
test.?
The
teacher
said
that
he
would
praise
__________
and___________.
16.The
story
___________was
very
good,
but
you
are
did
not
tell
it
well.
17.Give
Jane
this
watch..
Give___________
this
one
too.
18.Sara
is
not
pleased
with
___________in
this
English
test.
19.Did
you
enjoy
____________at
the
party
yesterday?
20.She
wants
to
buy
a
car
of
__________own.
四、选择填空.
1.
Mr.
More
has
more
money
than
Mr.
Little
.
But
he
doesn’t
enjoy
____________.
A.
he
B.
him
C.
his
D.
himself
2.
Lily
was
9
years
old.
_____
was
old
enough
to
go
to
school
_____________.
A.
She
,
she
B.
She
,
herself
C.
Her,
herself
D.
Her.
she
3.
Jim’s
watch
is
much
newer
than
______________.
A.
hers
B.she
C.
her
D.
herself?
4.Would
you
like
__________for
super??
A:
something
Chinese
B：Chinese
something
C:
anything
Chinese
D:
Chinese
anything
5.___________
piano
is
too
old
,but
she
still
liked
playing
it.
A.
She
B.
She’s
C.
Hers
D.
Her
6.——Who
taught
you
English
last
year?
——Nobody
taught
me
.
I
taught
___________.
A.
me
B.
myself
C.
mine
D.
I
7.That
bike
is
______________?
A．he
B.
him
C.
his
D.
it
8.
We
bought
___________
a
present,
but
____________
didn”t
like
it.
A.
they,
them
B.
them
,
they
C.
themselves
,
their
D.
theirs,
they
答案：
三、填空
mine
2.
he
3.
your
4.
her
5.
here
6.
myself
7.
myself
8.
me
9.
those
ourselves
11.
herself
12.
myself
13.
her
14.
yourself
15.
you,
her
16.
you
made
17.
her
18.
her
results
19.
yourself
20.
her
四、选择
1.
D
2.
B
3.
A
4.
C
5.
D
6.
B
7.
C
8.
B