高考英语语法核心考点专题复习 介词知识点整理总结+习题（含答案）

高考英语语法核心考点专项复习
介词知识点整理总结
英语十大词类中介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类或短语等)构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词用法多而杂，是考察的重点。一个介词有很多意思和很多用法，以及介词搭配也很多也是考察的重点。常用介词、易错介词的辨析以及介词固定搭配的考查将是2021年介词考查的主要方向。
本专题主要是从介词的分类、功能、搭配和考点来讲解，并配以习题练习。
介词的分类
分类
特点
例词
简单介词
即一个介词
about,
across,
after,
against,
among,
around,
at,
below,
beyond,
during,
in,
on等等。
合成介词
由两个介词构成合成词
into,
onto,
throughout,
upon,
within
短语介词
由短语构成
according
to,
because
of,
instead
of,
up
to,
due
to,
owing
to,
thanks
to等等。
双重介词
由两个介词搭配而成
from
among,
from
behind,
from
under,
till
after,
in
between等等。
分词介词
由现在分词转化而来
considering(就……而论),
including，regarding，concerning等。
兼类介词
由形容词直接转化而来
like,
unlike,
near,
next,
opposite等等。
二、介词的意思
1．
表示时间的介词
(1)
in表示“在某一时间段”或“在某一时候”，如用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的前面，或用来泛指一天的某一段时间。in也可以指“在……之后”，表示从说话起的若干时间内。如：
in
July/summer/2000/ancient
times
The
bus
will
be
here
in
ten
minutes.
(2)
on表示“在特定的某一天”，也可用于带有修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如：on
Saturday,
on
Saturday
morning,
on
the
morning
of
August
1st
(3)
at表示“在某一时间点”，或用来表示不确定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。如：
at
six
o'clock,
at
Easter
(4)
over,
through
(out)两者均指“经过的全部时间”。如：
Stay
over
the
Christmas.
(5)
for与since：for表示动作或状态延续的全部时间长度，为“长达……”之意；since用于指从过去特定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间；含有since时间短语的句子要用完成时，但含有for时间短语的句子不一定要用完成时。如：
I
have
been
there
for
six
years.
We
have
not
seen
each
other
since
1993.
(6)
during指“在……时期/时间内”，必须接表示一段时间的词或词组作宾语。如：
She
was
ill
for
a
week,
and
during
that
week
she
ate
little.
2．
表示地点的介词
(1)
above,
below，over,
under，on,
on
top
of,
beneath,
underneath:
above和below分别表示“高于”和“低于”的意思，不一定指垂直方向上的上下；over和under分别表示垂直方向上的上下或高低；on/on
top
of和beneath/underneath表示“和表面相接触”意义上的上下。以上三组介词互为反义词。如：
The
temple
stands
on
top
of
the
hill.
The
pen
is
beneath
the
book.
There
is
a
lamp
on
the
desk.
(2)
at,
on,
in：at指小地点或集会场合；on表示线或面上的位置；in表示在立体、区域或环境内，特别是那些较大，能够容纳相应事物的环境。如：
He
works
at
Peking
University.
Your
radio
is
on
the
desk.
He's
sitting
in
the
sun.
(3)
between与among：between用来说明“在……两者之间”或“三个以上人或事物中的每两者之间的相互关系”；among用来说明“在……三者以上之间”的相互关系；among可以用来表示没有确定数目的物体之间的相互关系。如：
There
is
a
small
river
between
the
two
villages.
The
book
is
the
best
among
these
modern
novels.
The
relations
between
various
countries
are
very
important.
3．
表示原因的介词。
(1)
for常常表示褒贬、奖惩的原因或心理原因。如：
They
will
reward
you
for
your
help.
(2)
from和out
of常常表示动机或原因；through表示消极或间接的原因。如：
He
feels
weak
from
lack
of
sleep.
He
broke
down
through
overwork.
4．
表示目的的介词
for和to都可以引导目的地。for表示拟定的接收人或目的，for跟在含有出发或开始意义的动词后，如：leave,
set
out,
start,
depart,
sail等；to表示实际的接收人或目的，to跟在含有方向性的动词后，如：go,
come,
run,
walk,
move,
fly,
drive,
ride等。如：
We
have
left
for
Hong
Kong.
He
flew
to
America
via
Hong
Kong.
5．
表示“关于……”的介词
一般about用于比较随便的谈话或非正式的文体；on用于正式的讲话、著作或报告中；of用于动词talk,
read,
know,
hear等的后面。如：
What
are
you
talking
about?
in
terms
of
natural
resources
6．
表示原料的介词
of和out
of表示制成品的材料仍保持原材料的性质；from表示制成品已失去了原材料的性质。如：
His
house
was
built
of
brick.
He
made
these
toys
out
of
old
cigar?boxes.
Steel
is
made
from
iron.
7．
表示价格的介词
at和for都可表示价格，at仅表示价格；for还表示“交换”。如：
Eggs
are
sold
at
95
cents
a
dozen
here.
I
bought
it
for
five
pounds.
三、常见的介词搭配
1．
“介词＋
名词”型
(1)
in
＋
名词
in
advance
在前头，事先，预先
in
case
如果，万一
in
charge
主管，掌管，看管
in
common
共有，共同，公有
in
demand
有需要的
in
doubt
感到疑惑的，难以确定的
in
effect
实际上，生效
in
fact
事实上
in
order
按序，井然有序，情况良好；
恰当
in
progress
进行中
in
return
作为回报
in
turn
依次，替换地；相应地，转而
in
vain
徒劳
(2)
on＋
名词
on
guard
在值勤
on
leave
在休假
on
holiday
在度假
on
strike
罢工
on
sale
出售
on
loan
借贷
on＋the＋名词
on
the
move
在移动，搬迁；离开
on
the
march
在行军
on
the
flow
在涨潮
on
the
increase
正在增加
on
the
go
正在活动，正在奔走
on
the
air
正在广播
on
the
fly
正在飞行
(3)
beyond
＋名词
beyond
one's
power
是某人力所不及的
beyond
praise
夸不胜夸
beyond
one's
reach
够不着
beyond
description
难以形容
beyond
words
无法用语言形容
beyond
doubt
无疑
beyond
one's
understanding
无法理解
(4)
under
＋
名词
under
development
在发展中
under
observation
在观察中
under
test
在测试中
under
construction
在建设中
under
examination
在检查(调查)中
under
consideration
在考虑中
under
repair
在修理中
(5)
at
＋
名词
at
length
详细地，长时间
at
sea
茫然
at
will
任意地
at
work
在上班
at
lunch
在吃午饭
at
rest
在休息
at
table
在吃饭
at
school
上学
at
church
做礼拜
at
peace
处于和平状态
(6)
out
of
＋
名词
out
of
breath
上气不接下气
out
of
balance
失去平衡
out
of
date
过时
out
of
patience
不耐烦
out
of
control
失去控制
out
of
business
破产
out
of
style
过时，不时髦
out
of
the
ordinary
不寻常的
out
of
touch
失去联系
2．
复杂介词型
(1)
表示原因(通常在句中作状语),
意为“由于，因为”。
because
of：表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系)；
on
account
of：常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。
(2)
表示“除……之外”。
with
the
exception
of＝
except,
except
for“除……之外”；
apart
from
(＝美式英语中的aside
from)是个复合介词，既可表示“除……之
外”，相当于except
(for),
又可以表示“除……之外，(还，也)”，相当于besides；
in
addition
to“除……之外(还，也)”，相当于besides。
(3)
表示“有关，关于”。
concerning=regarding“关于，就……而论，在……方面”；
with
respect
to“关于，就……而言”；
as
for和as
to用于句首时表示“至于”。
(4)
表示“在……之前”。
ahead
of=in
advance
of，可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前，更
早”，
还可表示“领先，优于”；
in
front
of
多指空间的前后关系，“在……前方”。
(5)
表示“支持，赞成”。
in
support
of
维护，支持，支援；
in
favor
of
可指某人“支持，赞成”，也可指事物“有利于……”。
(6)
表示“鉴于，由于；根据，按照”。
in
the
light
of
按照，考虑到
in
terms
of
就……而言，谈到
according
to
根据；按照
in
view
of
鉴于，因为
(7)
表示“尽管”。
in
spite
of
尽管，不管
3．“形容词＋介词”型
at前的adj.：angry,
good,
bad,
surprised,
excited,
puzzled等。
of前的adj.：afraid,
sure,
certain,
full,
tired,
fond,
proud,
worthy等。
with前的adj.:
angry,
strict,
busy,
careful,
popular,
patient等。
in前的adj.：strict,
weak,
interested,
successful,
rich等。
to前的adj.：polite,
kind,
cruel,
rude,
close,
available等。
for前的adj.：sorry,
famous,
fit,
unfit,
eager,
anxious，(be)
hungry/thirsty等。
from前的adj.：far,
different,
free,
safe等。
about前的adj.：worried,
anxious,
careful，curious等。
4．
“名词＋介词”型
the
key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to；
wish/desire/prize/respect…for；
pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on
考场热身
Passage
1
Mrs.
Smith
was
unable
to
fall
sleeping
at
night
and
1.________
答案：sleeping→asleep指导：fall
asleep睡着，睡熟。固定习语。
was
very
tired
during
the
day
to
do
anything,even
the
2.________
答案：very→too指导：构成too．．．to．．．结构。
simple
things
that
she
used
to
enjoy
doing.
She
had
3.________
答案：√
headaches
more
often,
it
prevented
her
from
reading
4.________
答案：it→which指导：which引导非限制性定语从句，代指那个事实。
or
watched
TV.
The
more
she
thought
about
her
conditions,
5.________
答案：watched→watching
指导：watching与reading并列作from的宾语。
the
more
worse
she
felt.
At
last
she
went
to
see
her
doctor,
6.________
答案：去掉more指导：．．The
worse
she
felt.……她感觉越坏。“more+形容词或副词原级”构成比较级形式，在比较级(worse是bad的比较级)前不能用more来修饰。
whom
she
had
known
for
years.
The
doctor
listened
to
his
7.________
答案：his→her指导：her　heart＝Mrs．Smith's　heart．
heart
and
said,
"There
is
nothing
serious
wrong
with
8.________
答案：serious→seriously指导：seriously修饰wrong。
you
,and
I
accept
the
fact
you
don't
fell
well.
Now
I'll
9.________
答案：and→but指导：句意：你虽然没有什么严重的问题，但是我承认你感觉不好的事实。
9.'
give
you
some
pills(药丸)
that
help.
Come
tomorrow
10.________
答案：＾help→will指导：句意：我给你开一了些能治你头疼的药。help这里的意思是“对治头疼有帮助”。
morning
and
tell
me
how
you
fell."
Passage
2
A
warm-heart
nurse
on
her
first
day's
work
came
to
1.________
答案：warm-heart→warm-hearted指导：注意构词法，又如：cold-hearted心肠冷的，不热心的；warm-blooded(动物)温血的。
a
patient.
She
asked
him
she
could
do
anything
for
2.________
答案：him＾→if／whether指导：ask后接的宾语从句一般由疑问连接词来引导。
him,and
he
only
waved
his
hands
and
said
something
3.________
答案：and→but
指导：由上下文逻辑可判断。
she
could
hardly
understand.
She
asked
him
again
4.________
答案：√
and
he
just
kept
saying
the
different
words,
but
5.________
答案：different→same指导；句意：他一直重复着同一句话。
in
a
lower
voice
before
closing
his
eye.
She
6.________
答案：eye→eyes
指导：eye显然应当用复数。
felt
his
pulse
and
found
him
death.
She
rushed
to
7.________
答案：death→dead指导：dead作宾语补足语，应当是形容词形式
repeat
to
the
doctor
sounds
she
had
heard.
"My
8.________
答案：＾sounds，the指导：the
sounds指她听到的那位患者死前重复说的那句活。注意本句的话序，the．sounds作repeat的宾语，应置其后，但因其后接一定语从句，所以放在了to
the
doctor之后。句意：她(护士)匆匆忙忙地跑去向医生重复了一下她听到的那些声音。
dear
girl,
"said
the
doctor
after
listen
carefully
to
9.________
1isten→listening指导：after此处是介词。注意after既可作连词，又可作介词。作连词时是这样的：…said
the　doctor　after　he　listened
carefully．．．
what
she
repeated,"he
was
saying
you've
standing
on
10.________
答案：you've→you’re指导：You're　standing　On　my　oxygen　pipe．你正站在我的氧气管子上。
my
oxygen
pipe.”
Passage
3
I
worked
like
a
postman
for
a
short
time,but
I
1.________
答案：ke→as指导；work
as
a
postman当邮递员。
am
afraid
of
the
dogs
and
I
had
a
lot
of
trouble.
2.________
答案：the指导：dogs这里表示“类指”而非“专指”。“我怕狗”而不是“我怕那(这些狗)”。
One
day,I
managed
to
send
a
postcard
to
a
big
house.
3.________
答案：managed→tried指导：由下文可知“送明信片”这件事还没有做到，所以不可用managed。Manage
to
do
sth．表示“想方设法做成了某事”。
No
sooner
had
I
got
my
bicycle
than
a
large
dog
ran
4.________
答案：t＾→off
指导：got
off
my
bicycle从自行车上下来。又如：got
off
the
bus从公交车上下来。
towards
the
gate,
barking
loudly
at
me.
It
seemed
5.________
答案：√
to
bite
me.
If
I
had
moved
an
inch
towards,the
dog
6.________
答案：wards→forward指导．．move　an　inch　forward往前挪一(英寸)。
would
have
jumped
at
me.
At
the
end
I
had
no
7.________
答案：In指导：in
the
end最终；at
the
end(ok．．)在……结束的时候。
choice
but
drop
the
postcard
on
the
ground
in
the
garden.
8.________
答案：t＾→to指导：这里but前没有出现实义动词，所以其后应当接to
do形式。
The
terrible-looking
dog
picked
it
immediately
and
9.________
答案：
it＾→up指导：picked　it
up把明信片衔起来。
carried
it
in
the
house.
The
dog
was
a
good
postman.
10.________
答案：in--into指导：carried
it
into
the
house把明信片叼进房子里。
Passage
4
Miss
Jones
was
a
teacher,her
home
was
not
1.________
答案：her→whose指导：whose引导非限制性定语从句。注意：在her前加and的改法是不正确的，因为后面是由and引导的并列分句。
far
from
her
school,but
she
always
walked
there
2.________
答案：but→and指导：由上下文的逻辑关系可推断出。
in
the
morning.
All
the
pupils
in
the
school
was
very
young.
3.________
答案：was→were指导：句子的主语是pupils(复数)。
In
a
very
cold
and
windy
morning,
Miss
Jones
walked
4.________
答案：In→On
指导：通常说in
the
morning／afternoon／evening；但是当它们与其他形容词或某些词组连用时需用on
a
cool
morning
in
spring春天的一个凉爽的早晨；On
the
previous
evening在头天晚上；On
the
morning
of
the
4th
of
September在9月4日的上午。
to
school,and
the
cold
wind
went
into
her
eyes,
5.________
答案：＾school→the
指导：the
school指的是Miss
Jones工作的那所学校。
and
big
tears
began
rolling
out
of
them.
She
arrived
6.________
答案：arrived→reached或arrived→at
指导：注意arrive是不及物动词，reach是及物动词。
the
school,
opened
the
door
and
go
into
the
classroom.
7.________
答案：go→went指导：显然应该是一般过去时。
It
was
nice
and
warm
here
and
Miss
Jones
was
8.________
答案：√
happy.
But
then
the
small
boy
looked
at
her
for
a
few
9.________
答案：the→a
指导：这个小男孩是上文中未提及的。
seconds,
put
his
arm
on
her
and
said
kindly,
10.________
答案：on→around
指导：put
his
arm
around
her双臂抱住她。
"Don't
cry,Miss.
School
isn't
very
bad."
Passage
5
One
day,I
was
cooking
in
the
kitchen
as
the
1.________
答案：as→when
指导：when此处是并列连词，“正当这时……”，此时与as是
不可互换的。
telephone
rings.
I
went
to
answer
it
immediately.
2.________
答案：rings→rang
指导：由上下文的动词动态很容易作出判断。句意：一天，我正在厨房里做饭，突然电话铃响了。answer讧去接电话。
She
was
my
close
friend,
Lisa.
When
we
were
talking
3.________
答案：She→It
指导：it用来确定身份。
on
a
phone,the
fire
alarm
sounded.
I
ran
back
to
the
4.________
答案：a→the指导：on
the
phone通电话，固定习语。
kitchen.
The
room
full
of
smoke
and
beef
was
badly
5.________
答案：＾full→was指导：be
full
Of充满。
burnt.
I
quickly
turned
off
the
gas,
opening
all
the
6.________
答案：opening→opened指导：turned
off
the
gas，opened．．．，and
then
went．．．是三个并列的谓语动词。
windows,and
then
went
out
of
the
house.
In
my
7.________
答案：In→To
指导：to
sb's
surprise让某人吃惊的是……。习语。
surprise,two
fire
engines
were
outside
my
house.
I
8.________
答案：√
was
rather
worried.
I
told
about
the
firemen
that
it
9.________
答案：去掉about
指导：tell
sb．that从句，告诉某人……。
was
my
careless
cooking
which
caused
the
heavy
smoke.
10.________
答案：which→that
指导：强调句型中不用which．句意：我告诉消防员，是我做
饭时的粗心导致浓烟滚滚。
Passage
6
We
were
driving
along
a
narrow
road
while
the
car
stopped
1.
答案：while→when指导：与passage
5中的第1题情况相同。
working.
We
tried
to
fix
it
and
there
was
nothing
we
2.________
答案：2．and→but指导：句意：我们努力想把它修好，可是我们什么也干不成。
could
do.
Paddy
and
I
wanted
go
off
for
help,
3.
__________
答案：wanted＾go→to指导：want
to
do
sth．想要做某事。
but
Mike
insisted
in
staying
near
the
ear.
He
said
it
4.________
答案：in→on指导：insist　on　doing
sth．坚持要示做某事。习语。
was
best
to
stay
until
help
arrived
rather
than
go
into
5.________
答案：√
the
forest
and
getting
lost.
However,Paddy
and
I
did
not
6.________
答案：getting→get指导：get
lost与go
into
the
forest是并列关系。
agree
and
Paddy
pointed
to
a
path
which
he
thought
it
would
7.________
答案：去掉it
指导：which引导定语从句，代指the
path，在从句中作
would
probably
lead
to
a
village的主语，所以it
是多余的。
probably
lead
to
a
village.
We
followed
a
path
but
8.
__________
答案：第二a→the指导：the
path指的就是上文提到的可能通向某村庄的那条道。
soon
we
lost.
We
walked
on.
After
an
hour
or
so,
9.________
答案：we＾lost→were／got指导：迷路说法有；get／be　lost；lose　one's
way.
we
began
to
feel
frightening.
10.
__________
答案：frightening→frightened指导：feel
frightened感到害怕。frightening令人／使人害怕。
Passage
7
Japan
is
a
beautiful
country,covering
with
many
1.________
Covering→
covered指导：covered
with．．．短语相当于一个非限制性定语从句：…，which　is　covered　with…
tiny
rivers
and
high
mountains.
Japan
is
also
a
pleased
2.________
答案：pleased→pleasant指导：a
pleasant
country一个(气候)宜人的国家。
country.
It
is
known
for
the
land
of
the
cherry
blossom
3.________
答案：for→as指导：be
known
as．．．作为……而著名；be
known
for．．．因……而著名，be
known
to
sb．被某(些)人所熟知。句意：日本是著名的樱花之国。
Because
of
in
the
spring
of
year
the
cherry
trees
4.
________
答案：去掉of指导：because。f是介词短语，其后不能接句子。
are
so
beautiful.
The
Japanese
like
gardens
very
much.
5.________
答案：√
Where
are
no
natural
gardens,
the
Japanese
6.
________
答案：Where后加there指导：where引导地点状语从句，从句是一个there
be结构的句子。句意：在没有天然花园的地方，日本人民建设了自己的花园。
have
made
their
own.
Because
the
islands
is
hilly,
7.________
答案：is→are
指导：主语和谓语应该保持数的一致。
there
is
a
great
lack
of
the
soil,so
every
little
bit
8.
________
答案：去掉the指导：soil这里表示泛指，故不可有定冠词。
is
used.
No
matter
how
tiny
may
be,every
home
has
9.________
答案：may前加it指导:no
matter
how引导的从句中显然缺少主语，it
指Japan．
its
own
little
garden.
Japan
is
country
worth
visiting.
10.________
答案：is＾→a指导：日本是一个值得一去的国家。
一、单选
1.Everybody
was
touched
_________
words
after
they
heard
her
moving
story.
A.
beyond
B.
without
C.
of
D.
in
【解析】答案为A
。beyond
words表示“在言语之外”，即不能用言语来表达，也就是“无法形容”了。句意是“听到她的感人故事之后，他们感动得无法用语言来形容”。
2.Try
on
this
red
skirt;
you
will
look
great
it.
A.
on
B.
by
C.
in
D.
for
【解析】答案为C。
Sth.
be
on
sb.
“衣服穿在某人身上”；sb.
be
in
sth“某人穿着什么衣服”。由此可知答案为C。
3.—How
amazing
it
is
that
astronauts
are
exploring
outer
space!
—It’s
a
challenge,
I
guess,
man
against
nature.
A.
of
B.
for
C.
by
D.
about
【解析】答案为A。应答句中的I
guess是插入语，因此所填介词与challenge连用，表所属，用of，选A。
4.He
invited
me
to
a
dance
after
the
show
Christmas
Eve.
A.
at
B.
on
C.
in
D.
by
【解析】答案为B。此处介词位于具体节日（日期）前，用on。
The
wine
industry
in
the
area
has
developed
in
a
special
way,
________
little
foreign
ownership.
A.
by
B.
of
C.
with
D.
from
【解析】答案为C。句意：这个地区的白酒业以一种特殊的方式在发展着，具有很少的外国所有权。with：具有，带有，表伴随。
6.Children
need
friends
their
own
age
to
play
with.
A
of
B
for
C
in
D
at
【解析】答案为A。考查名词的双重所有格。friends
of
their
own
age意思是“跟他们自己年龄相同的朋友”，选A项符合句意。其他选项不能构成所有关系。
7.It
saves
time
in
the
kitchen
to
have
things
you
use
a
lot
_______
easy
reach.
A.
near
B.
upon
C.
within
D.
around
【解析】答案为C。句意：厨房中把常用的物品放在够得着的地方能节省时间。within
easy
reach在容易达到……的地方；在……的附近。
8.A
great
person
is
always
putting
others’
interests
_________
his
own.
A.
below
B.
above
C.
in
D.
on
【解析】答案为B。put
other’s
interests
above
one’s
own意思是把别人的利益放在自己的利益之上。
Most
Americans
would
prefer
to
keep
their
problems
themselves,
and
solve
their
problems
______
themselves.
A.
to;
by
B.
by;
to
C.
for;
to
D.
in;
on
【解析】答案为A。句意：大多数美国人宁愿让他们面对自己的问题并自己解决他们的问题。by
oneself表示“单独地，独自地”的意思。
10.Jenny
nearly
missed
the
flight
______
doing
too
much
shopping.
A.
as
a
result
of
B.
on
top
of
C.
in
front
of
D.
in
need
of
【解析】答案为A。as
a
result
of意为“由于……的结果”。
11.The
art
show
was
_______
being
a
failure;
it
was
a
great
success.
A.
far
from
B.
along
with
C.
next
to
D.
regardless
of
【解析】答案为A。句意：艺术表演远非是失败的；它是一个巨大的成功。far
from意为“远离(远远不)”；along
with意为“与……一道(又)，连同……一起,
随同……一起，沿[顺]着”；next
to意为“次于(紧跟在……之后的)”；regardless
of意为“不顾，不惜”。由句意可知选A。
This
special
school
accepts
all
disabled
students,
__
educational
level
and
background.
A.
according
to
B.
regardless
of
C.
in
addition
to
D.
in
terms
of
【解析】答案为B。according
to意为“根据”；regardless
of意为“不管，不顾”；in
addition
to意为“另外”；in
terms
of意为“就……而言”。句意：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。
13.You’d
sound
a
lot
more
polite
if
you
make
a
request
______
a
question.
A.
in
search
of
B.
in
the
form
of
C.
in
need
of
D.
in
the
direction
of
【解析】答案为B。以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌。in
the
form
of意为“以……方式”符合句意。in
search
of意为“寻找”；in
need
of意为“需要”；in
the
direction
of意为“朝……方向”。
句意：如果你以问题的形式提出要求，那么会显得更有礼貌。
14.His
efforts
to
raise
money
for
his
program
were
______
because,
no
one
showed
any
intention
to
take
a
cent
out
of
their
pockets.
A.
in
place
B.
in
sight
C.
in
effect
D.
in
vain
【解析】答案为D。根据下文no
one
showed
any
intention
to
take
a
cent
out
of
their
pockets可知为集资做出的努力都白费了，应选择in
vain。in
place“和平地”，in
sight“在视程内”，in
effect“实际上”。
二、选择
1.Would
you
mind
not
picking
the
flowers
in
the
garden?
They
are
everyone's
enjoyment.
A.
in
B.
at
C.
for
D.
to
【解析】答案为C。for
enjoyment为了寻求乐趣。例如：We
work
in
the
garden
for
enjoyment.我们为寻求乐趣而在园子里劳作。
2.It
is
illegal
for
a
public
official
to
ask
people
for
gifts
or
money
____________favors
to
them.
A.
in
preference
to
B
.
in
place
of
C.
in
agreement
with
D.
in
exchange
for
【解析】答案为D。in
preference
to
（优先于）；
in
exchange
for
（交换）；in
place
of
(代替)；
in
agreement
with
（同意，与……一致）。句意：政府官员为某人提供便利或帮助，以换取礼物或金钱，这种行为是非法的。
So
far
we
have
done
a
lot
to
build
a
low-carbon
economy,
but
it
is
________ideal.
We
have
to
work
still
harder.
A.
next
to
B.
far
from
C.
out
of
D.
due
to
【解析】答案为B。“到目前为止我们为打造低碳经济已经做了很多努力，但是这远远不够。我们还要继续努力。”题目中的“ideal”是指“完美的，理想的”，“far
from
ideal”
“离完美还很远，远远不够”，“far
from”
一般加名词或者形容词，表示“离……很远，或者达不到……状态”。
“next
to”
“靠近”，意义相反。
“out
of”
“出于”，相当于“with”；“due
to”后面一般跟名词，解释为“由于”，相当于”“because
of”。
4.We
give
dogs
time,
space
and
love
we
can
spare,
and
,
dogs
give
us
their
all.
A.
in
all
B.
in
fact
C.
in
short
D.
in
return
【解析】答案为D。in
return作为回报；作为回应；回答。in
all
共计
in
fact实际上
in
short
简而言之。句意：我们挤出时间，腾出空间，割舍我们的爱给狗，而狗以其全部回报我们。
5.Nowadays
some
hospitals
refer
to
patients
name,
not
case
number.
A.
of
B.
as
C.
by
D.
with
【解析】答案为C。by以……的方式。句意：现在有些医院以名字来称呼病人，而不是以病号来称呼。
6.My
father
warned
me
_______
going
to
the
West
Coast
because
it
was
crowed
with
tourists.
A.
by
B.
on
C.
for
D.
against
【解析】答案为D。句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配，构成warn
sb.
against
doing
sth.
相当于warn
sb.
not
to
do
sth，意思是“警告某人不要干某事”。
句意：我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。
7.The
dictionary
is
what
I
want,
but
I
don’t
have
enough
money
me.
A.
by
B.
for
C.
in
D.
with
【解析】答案为D。I
don’t
have
enough
money
with
me
意思是“我没有随身带那么多钱”。
8.More
and
more
high—rise
buildings
have
been
built
in
big
cities
_________space.
A.
in
search
of
B.
in
place
of
C.
for
lack
of
D.
for
fear
of
【解析】答案为C。in
search
of意为“寻找”；in
place
of意为“代替”；for
lack
of意为“因缺乏”；for
fear
of意为“生怕，以免”。句意：因为缺少空间，越来越多的高层建筑在许多大城市建了起来。
9.
I
agree
to
his
suggestion
______the
condition
that
he
drops
all
charges.
A.
by
B.
in
C.
on
D.
to
【解析】答案为C。介词on
和the
condition
that一起相当一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以……为条件”。
句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。
10.Tired,
Jim
was
fast
asleep
with
his
back
a
big
tree.
A.
in
B.
below
C.
beside
D.
against
【解析】答案为D。against此处意为“倚着，靠着”；below“在……下方”；beside“在……旁边”；in“在……里面（时间）……之后”。句意：累了，吉姆背倚着一棵大树，很快就睡着了。
11.I
guess
we've
already
talked
about
this
before
but
I'll
ask
you
again
just
________.
A.
by
nature
B.
in
return
C.
in
case
D.by
chance
【解析】答案为C。分析四个选项的意思：by
nature
天生地；in
return作为回报，作为交换；in
case
万一，以防；by
chance偶然地。句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事，但是以防万一，我再问你一次。
12.Sean
has
formed
the
habit
of
jogging
the
tree-lined
avenue
for
two
hours
every
day.
A.
between
B.
along
C.
below
D.
with]
【解析】答案为B。根据句意“Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应该选B。
13.This
shop
will
be
closed
for
repairs
_________further
notice.
A.
with
B.
until
C.
for
D.
at
【解析】答案为B。主句中be
closed是延续性动词，
until在肯定句中表示谓语动作延续到表示的时间为止。句意：商店将停业修缮，直到开业再作通知。
14.With
new
technology,
pictures
of
underwater
valleys
can
be
taken_________
color.
A.
by
B.
for
C.
with
D.
in
【解析】答案为D。
in
color有颜色即彩色的，固定搭配。句意：采用新技术，水下峡谷的照片可以拍成彩色的。
15.Graduation
is
a
good
time
to
thank
those
who
have
helped
you
______
the
tough
years.
A.
through
B.
up
C.
with
D.
from
【解析】答案为A。through
the
tough
years，表示经历/度过了艰苦的岁月。句意：毕业的时候是你感谢那些曾经帮助你度过那些艰苦岁月的人们的好机会。
16.When
asked
about
their
opinions
about
the
schoolmaster,
many
teachers
would
prefer
to
see
him
step
aside
________
younger
men.
A.
in
terms
of
B.
in
need
of
C.
in
favor
of
D.
in
praise
of
【解析】答案为C。根据句中的step
aside
“让位”可知老师们的观点更倾向于年轻的人来担任校长这一职位。本句意思是：当被问及对校长的看法时，很多老师更希望看到校长让位而支持比他更年轻的人。in
terms
of
就……而言；in
need
of
需要；in
favor
of支持，赞成；in
praise
of歌颂；赞美。
17.I’m
sorry
I
didn’t
phone
you,
but
I’ve
been
very
busy_______
the
past
couple
of
weeks.
A.
beyond
B.
with
C.
among
D.
over
【解析】答案为D。通过前半句“I’ve
been
very
busy”现在完成时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在过去的两周里”，固定搭配用介词“over
the
past
couple
of
weeks=in
the
past
couple
of
weeks”。句意：对不起，我没给你打电话，因为在过去的两周里我一直很忙。
18.Sometimes
proper
answers
are
not
far
to
seek________
food
safety
problem.
A.
in
B.
to
C.
on
D.
after
【解析】答案为B。本题考查名词后的介词的固定搭配。此句中主语为answers，意为“解决办法”，作此意时后跟介词to或towards，故选B项。句意：有时不容易找到解决食品安全问题的适宜的办法。
19.I
always
wanted
to
do
the
job
which
I’d
been
trained
________.
A.
on
B.
for
C.
by
D.
of
【解析】答案为B。train做动词意为“训练”，句意是“我总是想做我一直受训的工作”。后面的定语从句说明是什么样的工作，应该是“我一直以来（完成时）为此（for）被训练（被动式）的”，介词for表目的。
20.Nick,
it’s
good
for
you
to
read
some
books
________China
before
you
start
your
trip
there.
A.
in
B.
for
C.
of
D.
on
【解析】答案为D。on有“关于；论述”之意，故选D。句意：尼克，你在去中国旅行前要读一些有关中国的书籍是有好处的。
21.He
was
a
good
student
and
scored
_________
average
in
most
subjects.
A.
below
B.
of
C.
on
D.
above
【解析】答案为D。below
average在平均分以下；of不与average搭配；on
average平均；above
average在平均分以上。根据句意可确定选项。句意：他是个好学生，大多数科目都在平均分以上。
Shirley,
a
real
book
lover,
often
brings
home
many
books
to
read________
the
library.
A.
in
B.
for
C.
by
D.
from
【解析】答案为D。
in
意为“在……里面”；by意为“在……旁边”；for
意为“为了……”；from意为“从……”，符合语境。句意：雪莉，一个真正爱读书的人，总是从图书馆带很多书回家去读。
23.We’d
better
discuss
everything
________before
we
work
out
the
plan.
A.
in
detail
B.
in
general
C.
on
purpose
D.
on
time
【解析】答案为A。
in
detail意为“详细地，详尽地”；in
general意为“大体上，总体上”；on
purpose意为“故意地”；on
time意为“准时”。根据句意。应该是“我们最好在制定计划前详细地讨论所有问题。”
24._________
good
service,
the
restaurant
offers
different
kinds
of
traditional
Fujian
dished.
A.
Far
from
B.
Apart
from
C.
Instead
of
D.
Regardless
of
【解析】答案为B。
far
from意为“离……远，远非”；apart
from意为“除……之外”；instead
of意为“代替，而不是”；regardless
of意为“不管，不顾”。句意：除了良好的服务以外，这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统福建美食。