Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected期末知识梳理、习题加练、考点讲解练习

Unit
12
Life
is
full
of
the
unexpected.
一、短语归纳
1.take
a
shower洗浴
2.leave
my
backpack
at
home把背包忘在家里
3.get
back
to
school返回学校
4.start
teaching开始教学
5.go
off响铃
6.rush
out
the
door冲出房门
7.give
sb.a
lift捎某人一程
8.miss
both
events错过两个事件
9.full
of
unexpected充满着不可预知性
10.be
about
to
do
sth.正要做某事
11.stare
in
disbelief
at难以置信地盯着
12.raise
above
the
burning
building从正在燃烧的楼上升起
13.jump
out
of
bed跳下床
14.collect
the
math
homework收数学作业
15.complete
the
work
for
my
boss完成老板的工作
16.make
the
apple
pie制作苹果馅饼
17.show
up赶到；出现
18.add
the
green
beans添加绿豆荚
19.get
dressed紧张
20.hand
in
homework
上交作业
21.costume
party化装舞会
22.take
place发生
23.play
all
kinds
of
tricks
and
jokes
on
each
other相互开各种玩笑
24.sell
out卖完；售完
25.lose
weight减肥
26.by
the
end
of
that
day到那天结束时
27.end
up以……结束
28.get
married结婚
29.have
a
happy
ending有一个幸福的结局
30.fear
spread
across
the
whole
country恐惧席卷整个国家
31.the
unluckiest
day
of
my
life一生中最不幸的一天
32.head
west
向西行驶
33.in
the
middle
of
the
road在路中间
34.turn
around
调头
35.make
an
unexpected
discovery有一个出乎意料的发现
36.cancel
the
plan取消计划
37.
be
full
of
充满……
38.
by
the
time…
在……以前
39.
go
off
发出响声
40.
wake
up
叫醒；唤醒；醒来
41.
at
least
至少
42.
in
line
with(与……)成一排
43.
stare
at
盯着看
44.
take
off
起飞；脱掉
45.
show
up
赶到；露面
词形变换
1.
worker→(动词)
work
2.
alive→(动词)
live
3.
west→(形容词)
western
4.
burn→(形容词)
burning
5.
discovery→(动词)
discover
6.
officer→(名词)
office
7.
believable→(动词)
believe
8.
disappear→(反义词)
appear
语法讲解
过去完成时
1.
过去完成时的概念
过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即表示“过去的过去”。
2.
过去完成时的各种句式结构
过去完成时是由“助动词had＋动词的过去分词”构成的，had用于各种人称和数。
(1)
肯定句:主语＋had＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
(2)
否定句:主语＋had＋not＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
(3)
一般疑问句:Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？
肯定回答:
Yes，主语＋had.否定回答:No，主语＋hadn't.
(4)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组＋一般疑问句(即:had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其
他)?
(5)
被动语态:主语＋had(not)＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
3.
过去完成时的判断依据
(1)
由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by/by
the
end
of/before＋过去的时间点，by
the
time＋一般过去时从句等。如:
I
had
finished
reading
the
novel
by
nine
o'clock
last
night.到昨天晚上九点钟，我已经读完这部小说。
We
had
learned
over
two
thousand
English
words
by
the
end
of
last
term.到上学期末，我们已经学完了超过两千个英语单词了。
The
bus
had
already
left
by
the
time/when
I
got
there.我到达那里时，公共汽车已经离开了。
(2)
由“过去的过去”来判定
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:
①
宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句要用过去完成时。如:
She
said
that
she
had
seen
the
film
before.她说她以前看过这部电影。
②
状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如:
After
he
had
finished
his
homework，he
went
to
bed.他完成作业后就上床睡觉了。
注意:
before，after
引导的时间状语从句中，由于
before
和
after
本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主句、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主句、从句都用一般过去时。如:
Where
did
you
study
before
you
came
here？你来到这儿前在哪儿学习？
After
he
closed
the
door，he
left
the
classroom.他关上门后就离开了教室。
(3)
根据上、下文来判定。
I
met
Wang
Tao
in
the
street
yesterday.
We
hadn't
seen
each
other
since
he
went
to
Beijing.我昨天在街上碰见王涛了。自从他去了北京，我们就没见过面了。
4.
过去完成时的主要用法
(1)过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。如:
When
I
woke
up，it
had
stopped
raining.我醒来时，雨已经停了。(“雨停”发生在“我醒来”之前)
(2)过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如:
He
told
me
that
he
had
written
a
new
book.他告诉我他写了一本新书。(had
written
发生在
told
之前)
(3)过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与
already，yet，still，just，before，never
等时间副词及
by，before，until
等引导的短语或从句连用。如:
Peter
had
collected
more
than
300
Chinese
stamps
by
the
time
he
was
ten.彼得到10岁的时候已经收集了300多张中国邮票。
(4)过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如:
By
the
end
of
last
year，he
had
worked
in
the
factory
for
twenty
years.到去年年底为止，他已经在这个工厂工作了20年了。(已经工作了
20
年，还有继续进行下去的可能)
5.
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
(1)时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较:
They
had
already
left
when
I
arrived.我到达时他们已经走了。(在我“到达”这一过去动作之前，他们就已经“离开”了，因此用had
left表示)
I
saw
him
in
the
street
yesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。(“看见他”这一动作是在“昨天”这一过去的时间发生的)
(2)在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如:
When
I
woke
up，it
had
already
stopped
snowing.我醒来时雪已经停了。
(3)当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用
and
或
but
连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在
before，after，as
soon
as
引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如:
I
(had)
heard
the
news
before
she
told
me.她告诉我那个消息之前我已经听说了。
6.
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
过去完成时与already，ever，just，never，since＋时间点，for＋时间段等连用时，强调事件发生的先后顺序，不涉及现在的情况。而现在完成时强调的是“过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响”。如:
She
has
worked
in
Chongqing
for
over
two
years.她已经在重庆工作两年多了。(现在仍在那儿工作)
She
had
worked
in
Chongqing
for
over
two
years
before
she
moved
to
Shanghai.她在搬到上海之前已经在重庆工作两年多了。(“搬到上海”是过去，“在重庆工作”是发生在过去的过去)
He
has
never
seen
such
an
interesting
film
before.他以前从未看过这么有趣的电影。(“看”尽管发生在过去，但涉及现在，即现在已经知道或了解了这部电影)
He
said
he
had
never
seen
such
an
interesting
film
before.他说他以前从没看过这么有趣的电影。(“他说”发生在过去，“看过”是在“说”之前，是过去的过去)
语法练习
Ⅰ.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.
By
the
time
I
reached
home，my
mother
________(cook)supper
already.
2.
Catherine
________(finish)the
letter
before
her
mother
came
into
her
bedroom.
3.
The
train
________(leave)when
I
got
to
the
station.
4.
The
little
girl
________(lie)in
bed
for
almost
a
month
since
she
________(fall)sick.
5.
By
the
end
of
last
year，he
________(learn)
3，000
English
words.
答案：
Ⅰ.1.had
cooked　2.had
finished　3.had
left　4.had
lain；fell　5.had
learned/learnt　
课堂练习（1）
Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填写单词。
1.
I
will
go
to
the
m________
to
buy
some
food
with
my
mother
this
afternoon.
2.
Do
you
have
to
wear
uniforms
on
w________？
3.
We
need
four
apples
to
make
apple
________(果馅饼).
4.
I
prefer
bread
with
________(奶油)in
it.
5.
Cocoa
________(豆)is
used
to
make
some
kinds
of
drink.
Ⅱ.
单项选择。
(
)
6.
We
waited
for
Mrs.
Li
for
nearly
two
hours
until
she
________
in
the
end.
A.
gave
up
B.
put
up
C.
showed
up
D.
looked
up
(
)
7.
Tom
found
that
the
train
________
when
he
________
at
the
station.
A.
left;
had
arrived
B.
left;
arrived
C.
had
left;
had
arrived
D.
had
left;
arrived
(
)
8.
—Mom，I
am
hungry.
—Here
is
a
________
for
you.
Why
not
help
yourself
to
it?
A.
spoon
B.
pie
C.
bowl
D.
lesson
(
)
9.
(山西中考)How
I
wish
I
could
sleep
longer!
However，I
had
to
get
up
as
soon
as
the
alarm
clock
________.
A.
ran
off
B.
went
off
C.
took
off
D.
set
off
(
)
10.
We
had
finished
all
the
new
lessons
________
last
month.
A.
after
B.
by
the
time
C.
by
the
end
of
D.
as
soon
as
Ⅲ.
根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
11.
I
left
for
the
train
station
when
my
alarm
clock
________
________(发出响声).
12.
Don't
________
________(熬夜)
too
late.
Or
you
will
feel
tired
in
class.
13.
Mike
didn't
________
________(露面)
until
2:00
in
the
afternoon.
14.
The
________
________(化妆舞会)
was
exciting.
Everyone
had
a
lot
of
fun.
15.
After
Jack
________
________(穿好衣服)，he
went
out
with
a
camera.
Ⅳ.
单项选择。
(
)
16.
I
have
refused
such
a
good
job.
I'm
really
a(n)
________.
A.
artist
B.
farmer
C.
fool
D.
actor
(
)
17.
Molly
didn't
wake
up
even
though
her
alarm
clock
________.
A.
ran
off
B.
went
off
C
.took
off
D.
turned
off
(
)
18.
Cindy
invited
me
________
to
her
house
for
dinner
this
weekend.
A.
to
going
B.
went
C.
to
go
D.
go
(
)
19.
It
was
such
an
________
joke
that
everyone
felt
really
________.
A.
embarrassing;
embarrassed
B.
embarrassed;
embarrassing
C.
embarrassed;
embarrassed
D.
embarrassing;
embarrassing
(
)
20.
—Did
you
see
Tom
at
the
airport?
—No.
His
plane______
by
the
time
I
______
there.
A.
has
taken
off；got
B.
took
off；had
got
C.
took
off；got
D.
had
taken
off；got
答案：
Ⅰ.1.market　2.workdays　3.pies　4.cream　5.bean
Ⅱ.6-10　CDBBC
Ⅲ.
11.went
off　12.stay
up　13.show
up　14.costume
party　15.
got
dressed
Ⅳ.
16－20　CBCAD
课后作业
题组训练一
alive，living，live与lively辨析
Ⅰ.
单项选择。
(
)
1.
Thank
goodness!
My
pet
dog
is
still
________
after
the
accident.
A.
alive
B.
living
C.
live
D.
lively
(
)
2.
The
World
Cup
in
France
was
the
biggest
________
football
match
in
the
world.
A.
alive
B.
live
C.
lively
D.
living
(
)
3.
—Mary
used
to
be
a
________
girl.But
she
feels
very
lonely
now.
—Yes.Because
she's
new
and
has
few
friends
here.
A.
live
B.
living
C.
lively
D.
alive
Ⅱ.
用alive，living，live或lively填空。
4.
The
________
are
more
important
to
us
than
the
dead.
5.
She
is
such
a
________
girl
that
all
of
us
love
her.
6.
Who
is
the
greatest
writer
________？
7.
It
is
the
biggest
________
concert
that
I
have
seen.
题组训练二
be
about
to与be
going
to用法辨析
Ⅰ.
单项选择。
(
)
1.
The
film________
when
the
light
went
out.
A.
was
starting
B.
started
C.
was
going
to
start
D.
was
about
to
start
(
)
2.
I
am
________
tomorrow.
A.
about
to
B.
going
to
travel
C.
going
travelling
D.
about
travelling
(
)
3.
Yesterday
morning
he
________
go
out
when
someone
knocked
at
the
door.
A.
was
about
to
B.
was
going
to
C.
was
to
D.
was
go
to
Ⅱ.
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
4.
我们正要离开，这时突然下起雨来了。
We
________
________
________
________
________
it
started
to
rain.
5.
下个月他们要搬进新房子了。
They
________
________
________
________
to
a
new
house
next
month.
题组训练三till/until的用法
Ⅰ.
单项选择。
(
)
1.
The
left－behind
kids
(留守儿童)can't
see
their
parents
________
the
parents
come
back
home
from
work.
A.
but
B.
until
C.
or
D.
if
(
)
2.
—Will
you
go
shopping
with
me，Jane?
—Yes.But
I
won't
go
________
I
finish
my
homework.
A.
when　　　
B.
until　　　
C.
after
(
)
3.
If
you
have
trouble
pronouncing
these
words，you
can
repeat
them
over
and
over
again
________
you
are
comfortable
with
them.
A.
unless
B.
if
C.
until
D.
while
Ⅱ.
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空词数不限。
4.
有时候，直到珍贵的时刻成为回忆，你才会真正认识到它的价值所在。
Sometimes，you
won't
know
the
true
value
of
a
moment
________
it
becomes
a
memory.
5.
有些人直到失去健康才意识到健康的重要性。
Some
people
won't
realize
the
importance
of
their
health
___________________.
题组训练四
marry的用法
Ⅰ.
单项选择。
(
)
1.
—How
happy
the
grandparents
are!
—Yes，they
________
for
fifty
years.
A
.have
been
married
B.
have
married
C.
have
got
married
D.
married
(
)
2.
Catherine
got
married
________
a
policeman
twenty
years
ago.
A.
with
B.
for
C
.to
D.
by
(
)
3.
Last
month
Miss
Zhao
and
Mr.
Zhang
________.
A.
was
married
B.
got
married
C.
be
married
with
D.
got
married
with
Ⅱ.
按要求完成句子，每空一词。
4.
Mr.
Brown
and
his
wife
have
been
married
for
20
years.(改为同义句)
Mr.
Brown
and
his
wife
________
________
20
years
ago.
5.
他把女儿嫁给了一位工程师。(汉译英)
He
________
his
daughter
________
an
engineer.
答案：
一、Ⅰ.1-3　ABC
Ⅱ.4.living　5.lively　6.alive　7.live
二、Ⅰ.1-3　DBA
Ⅱ.4.were
about
to
leave
when　5.are
going
to
move
三、Ⅰ.1-3　BBC
Ⅱ.4.till
/until　5.until
they
have
lost
it
/until
they
lose
it
四、Ⅰ.1-3　ACB
Ⅱ.4.got
married　5.married；to