(共61张PPT)
2.Name Stories
Ⅰ.词汇识记
选出所给单词的正确释义。
1．tease A．to try to prevent
2．vivid B．make fun of
3．eager C．serious suffering or discomfort
4．specific D．importance of meaning
5．discourage E．very interested and excited by something that you want to do
6．abnormal F．producing clear pictures in the mind
7．expand G．not typical or usual or regular
8．hardship H．to become greater in size，number or importance
9．origin I．starting point or background
10．significance J．detailed，precise and exact
答案： 1.B 2.F 3.E 4.J 5.A 6.G 7.H 8.C 9.I
10．D
Ⅱ.完成短语
根据汉语提示完成下列短语。
11．come________ 偶然遇见
12．hold________ 支撑起
13．figure________ 理解
14．put up________ 容忍，忍受
15．name...________ 以……命名
16．count________ 依靠
17．end________ 结束；告终
18．________particular 特别，尤其
19．________the left 在左边
20．stand________ 代表；支持
答案： 11.across 12.up 13.out 14.with 15.after
16．on 17.up 18.in 19.on 20.for
Ⅲ.句型转换
根据A句内容完成B句，使两句意思相同或相近(每空限填一词)。
21．A.I know the school where you once studied.
B．I know the school________ ________you once studied.
答案： in which
22．A.He began to study Chinese only after he came to China.
B．Only after he came to China________ ________ ________ to study Chinese.
答案： did he begin
23．A.It seemed that the young man once studied abroad.
B．The young man seemed________ ________ ________ abroad.
答案： to have studied
24．A.I feel that it’ s not right for him to break away from his family.
B．I feel________ ________ ________for him to break away from his family.
答案： it not right
25．A.Despite lack of interest，he decided to carry on with the work.
B．________he had________interest，he decided to carry on with the work.
答案： Though；no
This student is named after a purple flower.(P8)
这个学生的名字是以紫色的花命名。
剖析 name在本句中为动词，意为“命名；说出……的名字”。name...after以……命名。
①The street is named after the famous South African leader，Nelson Mandela.
这条街是以著名的南非领导人纳尔逊·曼德拉命名的。
拓展 与name有关的短语：
name sb.(sth.)＋n.把某人(某物)叫做……
call sb.names辱骂某人
enter one’s name for申请
name the day择定婚期
in the name of...以……的名义
by name名叫……
by the name of名叫……的；以……之名
to one’s name属于某人自己所有
②He has not a dollar to his name，but he is working hard to earn money.
虽然他自己分文没有，但他在卖力干活挣钱。
应用 1.单词拼写
Tasmania was n________after its discoverer，A J Tasman.
解析： be named after...意为“以……命名”；call，make，say均不能用于此结构。
答案： named
I came across an interesting name story when I visited my cousin in Henan Province.(P8)我到河南省看望表兄时偶然听说了一个关于有趣名字的故事。
剖析 come across偶然遇到，找到，相当于meet...by chance。
①I came across this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.
我昨天找书的时候，偶然发现了这张早年的照片。
②A good idea came across my mind.
我的脑海中有了一个好主意。
拓展 come的常用短语：
come about发生，产生
come up with追上，想出，找出(答案)
come to到达；谈到(不用被动语态)
come to oneself苏醒过来，恢复镇静，恢复知觉
How come...？为什么……？怎么会……的？
Come on！(表示劝说，激励，不耐烦)来！快！得啦！
③Tell me how the accident came about.
告诉我事故是怎么发生的。
④I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
我希望你能想出比这更好的计划来。
⑤When it comes to tennis，you can’t beat her.
说到打网球，你是赢不了她的。
⑥Don’t worry；he’ll come to himself before long.
不用担心，很快他会苏醒过来的。
⑦How come Little Wang is not going with you
小王怎么没有和你们一块儿去？
⑧Come on，get your skates on or we’ll be late.
来，快些！要不我们就要迟到了。
应用 2.It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it_______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A．came over B．came out
C．came about D．came up
答案： C
The “Chun” part of Li Shichun stands for spring. (P8)李时春中的“春”代表春天。
剖析 stand for代表；是……的意思；支持，主张
①What does the PICC stand for？PICC代表什么？
②I hated the organization and all it stood for.
我讨厌那个组织，也厌恶它的一切主张。
③I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.
在我投她的票之前，我想知道她的主张是什么。
拓展 stand against反对 stand behind支持
stand by袖手旁观，站在……一边 stand out显眼，出色
stand up站起来 stand up to经受住，顶住
stand up for支持，维护 stand doing sth.忍受做某事
④We must stand up for our own rights.
我们必须维护自己的权利。
⑤I can’t stand doing the same thing all the time.
我不能忍受一直做同一件事。
⑥When others are in trouble，you should not stand by.
当别人有困难时，你不应该袖手旁观。
应用 3.完成句子
(1)我们喜欢我们学校及它所提倡的一切。
We like our school and all it________________.
(2)老师将不会支持这种行为。
The teacher won’t________________such behaviour.
答案： (1)shands for (2)stand for
Her father thought he was admirable because he built bridges you can really count on.(P8)她父亲认为他(李春)是受尊敬的，因为他建造了你们可以信赖的大桥。
剖析 count on/upon依靠，指望；期望，料想
count on sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事
count on doing sth.指望做某事
①Don’t count on going abroad this summer；we may not have enough money.
别指望今年夏天能出国，我们可能钱不够。
②You can count on me.I’ll help you.
你可以依靠我，我会帮助你的。
③The presence of Paula was one thing he hadn’t counted on.
葆拉的在场是他没有料想到的。
拓展 count v．数数，计算；有价值
count from 1 to 100 从1数到100
count down倒数计时
count out (拳击)宣告失败；不包括
count in把……算在内，考虑到
④Count these apples.清点一下这些苹果。
应用 4.完成句子
(1)你不能总指望别人的帮助。
You can’t always______________the help from others.
(2)第一印象确实很重要。
First impressions really do________.
(3)我们没有想到会有那么多人度假。
We didn’t________________so many people being on vacation.
答案： (1)count on (2)count (3)count on
She was worried that her daughter would have to put up with too much teasing with a man’s name.(P8)她担心她的女儿由于拥有一个男子的名字将不得不忍受太多的戏弄。
剖析 put up with容忍，忍受
I can’t put up with their bad behavior any longer.
我再也不能忍受他们的恶劣行为了。
As I was no longer able to put up with my toothache，I went to consult a dentist.
我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去请牙科医生诊治。
比较 stand (bear)，tolerate，put up with与can’t help doing
stand/bear 与put up with意义相同，常与can和could连用
tolerate 忍受，程度较轻，暗含“默许，宽容”之意
put up with 常表示“容忍，忍受”讨厌的人或物
can’t help doing 表示“禁不住，忍不住”
①I can’t stand/bear the cold weather.
我受不了这么冷的天气。
②I won’t tolerate you doing that.
我不能容忍你那样做。
③When you look at the pyramids，you can’t help wondering how the ancient Egyptian were able to build them.
当你看到金字塔时，你忍不住会想，古埃及人是怎么建造它们的。
应用 5.完成句子
(1)我不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了，离开这个房间。
I can’t________________________your rudeness any more；leave the room.
(2)玛丽听了这个滑稽的故事，忍不住笑了起来。
Hearing the funny story，Mary________________.
答案： (1)put up with (2)couldn’t help laughing
So they figured out a way to change it.(P8)
于是他们想出了一个改变的方法。
剖析 figure out理解，想出；计算出；合计为
①Women，I just can’t figure them out.
女人，我就是捉摸不透她们。
②I can’t figure out why he quit his job.
我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。
③Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost
你算出假期得花多少钱了吗？
拓展 figure的常用短语：
figure in把……列入计算/考虑
figure on计划，打算，估计
figure up计算，把……加起来
④My wishes didn’t figure in his considerations.
我的愿望没有在他的考虑之内。
⑤She was younger than any of us had figured on.
她比我们任何人估计的更年轻。
应用 6.The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to________its reality.
A．make up B．figure out
C．look through D．put off
解析： 此题考查动词短语辨析。这里figure out表示“想出，理解，明白”；make up编造，虚构；组成；化妆；补充；和解；look through(从头至尾)浏览；详尽核查；put off推迟，推延；阻止，劝阻。
答案： B
However，she didn’t like it so she changed her studies and ended up becoming an engineer! (P8)然而，她并不喜欢，因此改变了专业而最终成为了一个工程师！
剖析 end up最终成为，最后处于
end up＋介词/＋doing/＋with以……告终
①If you go on like this，you will end up in prison.
如果你继续这样，早晚得进监狱。
②At first，they hated each other，but they ended up getting married.他们起初相互仇恨，最后竟成了夫妻。
③The man started with the aim of doing harm to others，only to end up with by ruining himself.那个人以损人开始，害己告终。
拓展 end作名词的常用短语：
come to an end完结
at the end of在……尽头
in the end最后，终于
make ends meet量入为出，使收支相抵
put an end to使……结束
④The government is determined to put an end to terrorism.
政府决心遏制恐怖主义活动。
⑤Being out of work and having two young children they found it impossible to make ends meet.
他们失业了，还要养活两个小孩子，无法维持基本的生活。
应用 7.完成句子
(1)如果他继续那样开车，早晚得死于非命。
If he carries on driving like that，he’ll______ __________dead.
(2)你要是处理得当，到头来这个公司能归你掌管。
You could________________running this company if you play your cards right.
(3)他们长期的斗争以失败告终。
Their long struggle________________________.
答案： (1)end up (2)end up (3)ended up in failure
She became quite famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension bridges during the building process.(P8)
她因在建设进程中发明了一种新的支撑吊桥的方法而闻名。
剖析 hold up支撑起，举起，拿起；推迟，(使)耽搁
①Don’t worry.The house will hold up.
别担心，房子不会塌下来。
②We were held up on our way by the traffic accident.
我们在路上被交通事故耽搁了。
③The criminals held up the plane and took all the passengers’money.
这些歹徒劫持了飞机，并将乘客的钱财洗劫一空。
拓展 hold back阻挡；抑制，控制；踌躇，退缩不前；隐瞒
hold on(打电话时)别挂断，等着；继续/坚持下去；等一等(通常用祈使句)
hold on to抓住不放，保住
hold out伸出；维持；坚持(要求)，不屈服
④She struggled to hold back her tears.
她竭力阻止她的眼泪。
⑤Hold on！This isn’t the right road.
等一下！这条路不对。
⑥The soldiers held on to the bridge for three more days.
这些士兵又守了大桥三天。
⑦We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out.
我们的供应品能维持多久，我们就能在这里呆多久。
应用 8.—Is Peter there
—________，please.I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A．Hold up B．Hold on
C．Hold out D．Hold off
解析： 该题考查接电话用语。此处表示：请别挂断电话，我看看能否为你找到他(来接电话)。hold on(打电话时)别挂断，等着；继续/坚持下去；hold up支撑起，举起，拿起；推迟，(使)耽搁；(试图)抢劫；hold out伸出；维持；坚持(要求)，不屈服；hold off推迟，拖延；阻止，抵挡住。
答案： B
discourage (P8听力原文)；vt.使泄气，使灰心
剖析 discourage sb.from doing sth.(设法)阻止某人做某事，打消某人做某事的念头
①We tried to discourage her from walking there alone.
我们试图阻止她独自一人去那儿。
②A new law has been brought in to discourage racial prejudice.
一项反对种族歧视的新法律已被提出。
③I was never discouraged against learning English.
我从未对学习英语失去信心。
提示 (反义词)encourage vt.鼓励
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
④Mother often encourages me to study hard.
妈妈经常鼓励我要努力学习。
拓展 be/get discouraged变得灰心；泄气
discouraging adj.令人气馁的，令人沮丧的
discouraged adj.泄气的，气馁的，沮丧的
discouragement n．沮丧；泄气；挫折，扫兴(的事)
⑤Students will soon get discouraged，if their test results are often discouraging.学生们的考试结果如果经常让人感到沮丧，他们很快就会泄气。
应用 9.完成句子
别恢心，我们还有机会。
Don’t______________；we still have a chance.
答案： be discouraged
...you think that’s enough significance for one name but there’s more. (P9)
……你认为这对一个名字足够重要了，但还有更多。
剖析 significance n．重要性，意义
①The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义。
②Could you explain the significance of this part of the contract
请解释一下合同这一部分的意思好吗？
拓展 significant adj.显著的，有重大意义的
③I don’t think the plan is significant.
我认为这计划没有意义。
应用 10.完成句子
(1)迄今为止，尚未研究出任何具有重大意义的结果。
So far，research has not produced anything of very great ________.
(2)上名牌大学对你有重要意义。
It’s __________ for you to go to a famous university.
答案： (1)significance (2)significant
Were they named after anybody in particular
(P9)它们特地以某人的名字来命名吗？
剖析 in particular特别，尤其(相当于particularly)
①Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about
你有什么特别想谈的吗？
②It was a good film—I enjoyed the surprising ending in particular.那是一部很好的电影——我尤其喜欢那出人意料的结局。
提示 be particular about...对……比较讲究，挑剔
③She is particular about what she wears.
她对衣着很讲究。
应用 11.单词拼写
There is nothing of p________importance in today’s newspaper.
答案： particular
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He gave a________(生动的) description of this event.
答案： vivid
2．He is easily________(使泄气) by difficulties and obstacles.
答案： discouraged
3．She told me all about her________(苦难) in the past.
答案： sufferings
4．We do not think such an________(反常的) phenomenon will last long.
答案： abnormal
5．Few people realised the________ (重要性) of the discovery.
答案： significance
6．As a leader，his handling of the situation was ________ (令人钦佩的)
答案： admirable
7．Don’t be so serious.He was just________(开玩笑)．
答案： teasing/joking
8．Now it is appropriate to ask about the________(起源) of the motion.
答案： origin
9．The money was collected for a________(特殊的) purpose.
答案： specific
10．During the war common people suffered many________ (困苦) and lived hard life.
答案： hardships
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．I don’t like________________________(嘲笑) by those big boys in public，so I ran away.
答案： being teased/laughed at
12．I________________________________(不能忍受) such big noise when I am sleeping.
答案： can’t put up with
13．At the dinner we usually start with soup and________ ________________(结束) fruit.
答案： end up with
14．The workers are hard working and reliable，so you could________________________________________(依靠他们完成) the project on time.
答案： count on them to complete
15．If you________________(偶然遇见) a term whose meaning you have forgotten，please look it up in the dictionary.
答案： come across
练规范、练技能、练速度Unit 16 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The new drug has great________(重要性) for the treatment of the H1N1 virus.
答案： significance
2．My daughter is a child with________(生动的) imagination.
答案： vivid
3．Do you know the ________(起源) of life on earth
答案： origin
4．He gave us s________instructions on how to get there.
答案： specific
5．Don’t be so serious.He was just t________.
答案： teasing
6．He dreams of one day becoming a famous v________.
答案： violinist
7．I was never d________against learning English.
答案： discouraged
8．We still need some m________instruments for the concert.
答案： musical
9．It is a________for such a strong man to sleep all day.
答案： abnormal
10．English is a b________to much knowledge.
答案： bridge
Ⅱ.短语填空
选择合适的短语填空。
come across，in particular，count on，end up，name after，put up with，figure out，hold up，now that，stand fo
11．Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing________________.
答案： in particular
12．Volt ____________________its discoverer.
答案： was named after
13．When you ______________________a word you don’t know，you don’t have to look it up in the dictionary at once.
答案： come across
14．I have just________________________how to solve this question.
答案： figured out
15．We should ______________________each other to conquer the difficulty.
答案： count on
16．An accident is______________________traffic.
答案： holding up
17．____________________you are well again，you can travel.
答案： Now that
18．She’s not going to __________________________their smoking any longer.
答案： put up with
19．I’ll tell you some stories about my friends who______________in prison.
答案： ended up
20．PRC________________the People’s Republic of China.
答案： stands for
Ⅲ.完形填空
Every summer a great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure.Most of the __21__are in seasonal work，mainly connected with tourism and__22__.The pay is usually poor，but most people work abroad for the__23__of travel.You can pick grapes in France，entertain kids on American summer camps，and，of course，there are__24__jobs in hotels and restaurants.
But it is not easy now to find work.“ __25__you speak the language of the country well，there will be very few openings，”says Althea Ellis，an adviser on__26__for students.“If you work with a family in Italy，you’ll have to speak Italian.When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris，the owner will expect you to speak__27__.British students only have a language__28__for jobs in the USA and Australia.”
__29__enjoys the experience.Sarah James was employed to help forty American children in Europe.The two teachers with the children had never been__30__.One child lost his passport; another became seriously ill and was__31__home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the __32__they made，and what’s worse，Sarah herself was robbed on her only__33__evening of the entire trip.“I did visit a lot of new places，” she says，“but it wasn’t worth it.The pay was__34__and it really was a 24 hour a day job.The kids never slept！”
“The trouble is，students expect to have a(n)__35__time of it.”Althea Ellis points out.“After all，they see it as a__36__.In fact，__37__，you have to work hard.At the same time，all vacation work is casual(临时的)work.You’ll have a job when the hotel，the restaurant，or the camp site is busy.In other words，you’ll work if it’s convenient for the company to__38__you.So you have__39__employment rights.As soon as the holiday season__40__，they’ll get rid of you.”
21．A.works B．challenges
C．chances D．hardships
解析： 大多数的机会是季节性的。works作品；challenges挑战；chances机会；hardships困难。
答案： C
22．A.service B．industry
C．business D．science
解析： 根据下文可知，季节性的工作主要是旅游业和服务业。
答案： A
23．A.pains B．comfort
C．difficulty D．excitement
答案： D
24．A.always B．hardly
C．never D．seldom
解析： 宾馆和餐馆是用人较多的地方，在那儿总可以找到工作。所以用always。
答案： A
25．A.If B．Unless
C．Because D．Although
解析： 根据后文可知，雇主希望雇员会说自己国家的语言，所以，除非你会说他们的语言，否则你很少有机会。
答案： B
26．A.health care B．vacation work
C．language studies D．tourist safety
答案： B
27．A.Italian B．English
C．French D．Spanish
答案： C
28．A.chance B．ability
C．possibility D．advantage
答案： D
29．A.No one B．None
C．Not everyone D．Everybody
解析： 根据后文Sarah James的糟糕经历可知，不是每一个人都能在这种类型的工作中得到愉悦感。
答案： C
30．A.abroad B．employed
C．working D．respected
解析： Sarah James带着40个美国孩子在欧洲旅游，老师和学生们都没有出过国。employed被雇用；working工作；respected被尊重。B、C、D都不符合句意。
答案： A
31．A.driven B．ridden
C．left D．flown
答案： D
32．A.friends B．decisions
C．noise D．destruction
答案： C
33．A.busy B．free
C．tiring D．pleasant
解析： Sarah带着这些孩子一路都不顺利，好不容易有个完全自由的晚上，又被抢了。
答案： B
34．A.nice B．reasonable
C．fair D．poor
解析： 尽管去了许多地方，但Sarah觉得不值，所以可判断，她得到的报酬很少。
答案： D
35．A.hard B．easy
C．difficult D．ordinary
答案： B
36．A.holiday B．job
C．festival D．study
解析： 毕竟，学生们还是把工作看成是在度假，是假期的一部分。
答案： A
37．A.besides B．therefore
C．however D．meanwhile
解析： 此处表转折。学生们的想法是一种情况，然而，实际又是另一种情况。
答案： C
38．A.fire B．employ
C．recommend D．appreciate
答案： B
39．A.few B．little
C．all D．much
解析： 因此。你有很少的权利。C、D不合题意，little修饰不可数名词。
答案： A
40．A.starts B．lasts
C．approaches D．finishes
解析： 一旦假期或旺季结束，雇主就可以解雇你。start开始；last持续；approach靠近，接近；finish结束。
答案： D
Ⅳ.地方题型：短文改错
Last Sunday morning，when I was having a walk in the park near my home，I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor.I didn’t have my camera with me at that time，but I rushed back home to get.Unfortunately，by the time I got back，they have finished the scene and the actor couldn’t be seen everywhere.I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building.He was right there in the front of me！I couldn’t believe my luck—not only did I had my photo taken with him，but he signed his name on my shirt!
答案：
Last Sunday morning，when I was having a walk in the park near my home，I came across a crew a new film with one of my favourite .I didn’t have my camera with me at that time， I rushed back home to get .Unfortunately，by the time I got back，they
finished the scene and the actor couldn’t be seen .I was really and about to leave when he walked out a building.He was right there in front of me！I couldn’t believe my luck—not only did I my photo taken with him，but he signed his name on my shirt！
