中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
4
Planes,
ships
and
trains
模块小结
知识要点一、重点单词，短语和句式
要点1
happen
happen：指计划之外的“偶然发生”；
take
place：指计划，安排之内的发生
短语区分：Sth.
+
happen
to
sb：表示“某人发生了某事”
Sb
+
happen
to
do
sth：表示“某人碰巧发生了某事”
【典例分析】
1.昨天他发生了车祸。(翻译句子)
2.10年来我们的家乡发生很大的变化。(翻译句子)
3.昨天我在武汉碰巧看见他。(翻译句子)
4.
An
earthquake
__________________
when
people
were
sleeping
at
night.
A.
happened
B.
took
place
C.
had
D.
appeared
5.
I
happened
_________________
a
little
cat
on
my
way
home
from
school.
A.
saving
B.
to
save
C.
on
saving
D.
saved
要点2
except
except
：除了……之外（表示从整体中减去，不算入整体）
except
for：除了……之外（表示说明整体情况之后，对其中的细节加以排除）
besides：“除……外，另外还有”，着重“另外还有”。
but：除了……之外（一般否定句中使用）
【典例分析】
1.
---All
the
workers
went
home
yesterday
______________
Mr.
White.
Why?
---Because
he
was
on
duty.
A.
except
B.
besides
C.
except
for
D.
beside
2.
If
you
want
to
learn
English
well,
you
should
practise
writing
_______________
reading
aloud.
A.
except
B.
besides
C.
except
for
D.
beside
3.
The
car
is
perfect
_________________
its
colour.
A.
except
B.
besides
C.
except
for
D.
beside
4.We
work
every
day
________
Sunday,
so
we
can
go
shopping
on
Sunday.
A.
but
B.
except
C.
except
for
D.
besides
要点3.
表达交通方式：by
taxi
“乘坐出租车”；take
the
bus
“乘坐公交车”。
(1
)by+____________；
(2)take+____
(the/a/an)+________;意思是
“乘……,
坐……”。
常见的用法：
骑自行车去……:
ride
to…=
go
to…by
bike/on
a
bike；
乘公共汽车去……:
go
to…
by
bus/on
a
bus
=
take/catch
a
bus
to…；
坐汽车去……:
drive
to…=
go
to…by
car/in
a
car；
乘火车去……:
go
to…by
train/on
a
train
=take
/catch
a
train
to…；
乘飞机去……:
fly
to…=go
to…by
plane/air/on
a
plane；
乘地铁去……：
take
the
underground
to…=
go
to
...
by
subway；
乘轮船
……：
by
ship
/sea；
走路去……：
go
to
….
on
foot
=walk
to
…
1.My
sister
goes
to
work
by
bus.
(改为同义句）
=My
sister
_________
_________
_________
to
work.
=My
sister
goes
to
work
________
________
______.
2.He
sometimes
takes
the
train
to
go
to
Beijing.(改为同义句）
=
He
sometimes
goes
to
Beijing
__________
__________.
3.
He
often
walks
to
school.（改为同义句）
=
He
often
goes
to
school
__________
__________.
4.
Do
you
know
the
boy
____the
bike?
A．on
B．in
C．by
D
.at
要点4
maybe与may
be用法辨析
maybe也许，可能：副词，只能作状语，和perhaps意思接近，多数情况可以互换，用作句首。
may
be可能是，也许是：情态动词+be，用在句中作谓语。
【典例分析】
1.
You
______________
right
but
_______________
you’re
wrong.
A.
maybe;
maybe
B.
maybe;
may
be
C.
may
be;
may
be
D.
may
be;
maybe
2.Maybe
you
put
the
pen
in
your
bag.(同义改写)
=___________
you
put
the
pen
in
your
bag.
=You
__________
put
the
pen
in
your
bag.
3.I
can't
find
my
watch,
It
may
be
in
your
pocket.
(同义改写)
=
I
can't
find
my
watch,
___________It
____________
in
your
pocket.
要点5
however的用法
however是副词,意为“可是;不过;仍然,可用在句首、句中或句尾,在使用时须和句子其他部分用逗号隔开。however在意思上相当于but,但语气较but委婉些,两者不可在同一句中重叠使用。
另外,
however作为副词不能连接两个分句,而but作连词可以连接两个分句。
【典例分析】
用but和however填空。
1.He
isn't'
strong.
___________,
he
works
hard.
2.He
isn't'
strong,
____________
he
works
hard.
3.I
feel
a
bit
tired.________，
I
can
hold
on.
A.
But
B.
Though
C.
While
D.
However
要点6常见提建议语气的问句结构辨析
(1).
What
about
+
doing
sth?
=
How
about
+
doing
sth?
(2).
Shall
we
+
do
sth?
(3).
We
had
better
(not)
+
do
sth?
(4).
Let’s
do
sth.
(5).
Would
you
like
to
do
sth?
【典例分析】
1
Look
at
the
clouds.
You’d
better
___________________
early.
A.
to
go
home
B.
going
home
C.
go
home
D.
will
go
home
2.
What
about
_____________________
as
soon
as
the
holiday
starts.
A.
to
go
for
a
trip
B.
going
for
a
trip
C.
go
for
a
trip
D.
will
go
for
a
trip
要点7
a
bit;
a
little
(1)
a
bit
;
a
little都可以用作程度副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级；也都可以用作不定代
词代替不可数名词。
(2).
a
bit
;
a
little都可以修饰不可数名词数量，而a
bit必须与of连用。
【典例分析】
用a
little,
a
bit或a
bit
of填空.
（1-3题）
1.He
feels
________________
better
today.
2.She
is
________________
tired.
3.There
is
________________
milk
in
the
bottle.
4.
His
younger
brother
feels
_____________
better
today.
A.
more
B.
a
bit
of
C.
a
little
D.
too
5.
There
is
____________
water
in
the
bottle.
You
can
drink
it.
A.
a
bit
B.
little
C.
a
bit
of
D.
a
little
of
要点8：the
same
as用法
the
same
as：其中as
是连词，常用到结构：the
same
+名词+as……”，但也可以什么都不加，
直接用作the
same
as……
与。。。不相同
be
different
from
与。。。相似
be
similar
to
1.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I
have
___________
___________
___________
___________
my
brother.
2.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The
color
of
his
cloth
__________
_________
__________
________
要点9
plan
①
plan：计划（动词）plan
to
do
sth：计划去做某事
plan：计划（名词）
make
a
plan
/
make
plans
+
to
do
sth：制定计划去做某事
②
用现在进行时表达将要发生的动作，位置转移动词通常使用这种用法：
区分：be
coming
/
be
going
/
be
leaving
/
be
flying
/
be
starting
:指立刻，马上就要发生
will
come
/
will
go
/
will
leave
/
will
fly
/
will
start:指在将来一段时间内要发生
【典例分析】
1.
---Lingling,
supper
is
ready!
---Mum,
____________________.
A.
I
will
come.
B.
I
come.
C.
I’m
coming.
D.
I
came.
2.
A
businessman
from
Zhejing
Province
plans
________________
the
first
Chinese
space
tourist
by
paying
$20000
______________
the
3.5—hour
trip
at
the
end
of
2008.
A.
become;
to
take
B.
become;
take
C.
to
become;
take
D.
to
become;
to
take
要点10
“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇
用法
spend
主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1.
spend
time/money
on
sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2.
spend
time/money
(in)
doing
sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
coast
主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth
costs
(sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take
后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1.
“It
takes
sb
+时间+to
do
sth”
做某事花费某人多少时间。2.
“doing
sth
takes
sb
+时间”
做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay
主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1.
pay
(sb)
money
for
sth.
为...付钱（给某人）2.
pay
for
sth.
付....的
钱3.
pay
for
sb.
替某人付钱4.
pay
sb.
付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1.
It
______________
me
two
weeks
to
finish
reading
the
novel
written
by
Guo
Jingming.
A.
spent
B.
took
C.
paid
D.
cost
2.
The
new
T-shirt
_______________
me
fifty
yuan.
A.
spent
B.
took
C.
paid
D.
cost
3.He
___________
twenty
yuan
for
the
book.
A.
paid
B.
took
C.
cost
D.
spent
4.I
usually
____________
two
hours
on
my
homework
every
day.
A.
spend
B.
pay
C.
cost
D.
take
5.Jack
usually
__________
an
hour
___________
his
homework.
A.
takes,
to
do
B.
pays,
for
doing
C.
spends,
on
doing
D.
spends,
doing
6.Lucy
spends
one
hundred
yuan
___________
books
every
month.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
with
D.
of
7.Little
Tom
usually
spends
his
free
time
___________
some
reading
at
home.
A.
do
B.
doing
C.
on
doing
D.
to
do
8.It
took
Lucy
two
days
___________
drawing
this
beautiful
picture.
A.
to
finish
B.
in
finishing
C.
finishing
D.
finish
8.A
smile
____________
nothing,
but
gives
much.
A.
costs
B.
spends
C.
cost
D.
spend
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It
______________
me
about
an
hour
to
do
my
homework
every
day.
2、I
______________
an
hour
cleaning
my
office
yesterday.
3、This
heavy
coat
______________
me
500
yuan.
4、I
______________
50
yuan
for
the
dictionary
yesterday
afternoon.
5、I
______________
two
hours
on
this
maths
problem.
At
last,
I
worked
it
out.
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They
__________
two
years
___________
__________
this
bridge.
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________
__________
them
three
years
__________
build
this
road.
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________
________
us
thirty
minutes
________
_______
from
here
to
the
station.
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It
took
me
two
hours
__________
____________
the
composition.
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________
________
3,000
yuan
__________
the
mobile
phone.
要点11
The
more
information,
the
better.（比较级倒装句辨析）
倒装句句型：The
+比较级……，
the
+比较级……：表示“越……，就越……”
The
more
information,
the
better.
=
We
get
more
information,
we
are
better.
The
more
we
do
for
people,
the
happier
we'll
be．?我们为人民做得越多,就越幸福.?
The
more
,
the
better.多多益善.
【典例分析】
1
_______________
you
are,
_______________
mistakes
you
will
make.
A.
The
careful;
the
few
B.
More
careful;
fewer
C.
The
more
careful;
the
fewer
D.
The
most
careful;
the
fewest
2.The
________
you
study
at
your
lessons,
the
________
grades
you
will
get.
A.
hard;
good
B.
harder;
good
C.
hard;
better
D.
harder;
better
要点12
It
is
the
second
cheapest.（最高级被修饰情况辨析）
(1).
the
+
序数词+最高级：表示“第……最……的”
(2).
序数词和形容词最高级前面如又“指示代词、不定代词、物主代词或所有格形式”来修饰，定冠词the要省略。
【典例分析】
1.
The
yellow
River
is
__________________
river
in
China.
Hainan
is
_______________
island.
A.
second
longest;
second
China’s
largest
B.
the
second
longest;
China’s
second
largest
C.
second
the
longest;
China’s
the
second
largest
D.
a
second
longest;
the
China’s
second
largest
要点13几个介词的用法
You
can
go
by
car
and
by
ship
across
the
North
Sea.
(1).
介词表达交通方法方式辨析
by
+（零冠词）交通工具名词
in/on
+（冠词/限定词）交通工具名词
(2).
介词表达“通过、穿过”某个地点易混辨析
across：强调“通过、穿过”地点的平面或表面。
through：强调“通过、穿过“立体空间的内部。
past：强调“绕过，在旁边经过”。
over：强调“跨过、越过或翻越而过”。
【典例分析】
1.
Let’s
go
to
the
factory
_______________.
It’s
near
our
school.
A.
by
ship
B.
by
a
bike
C.
in
a
car
D.
on
foot
2.
He
usually
goes
to
work
______________
every
morning.
A.
by
a
bike
B.
on
bike
C.
by
the
bike
D.
on
a
bike
3.
---Look,
a
blind
man
is
in
the
middle
of
the
street.
It’s
too
dangerous.
---Let’s
go
and
help
him
go
______________
the
road.
A.
through
B.
past
C.
across
D.
over
要点14
本模块的重点短语
1.
迟到
2.
某人发生了某事
3.
像……一样
4.
与……不同
5.
记得要去做某事
6.
总是；一直
7.
去做某事的方式
8.
变得拥挤
9.计划去做某事
10.
从……到……
11.
告诉某人关于……的事
12.
告诉某人去做某事
13.
越……就会越……
14.
预定你的票
15.
不得不
16.
等候，等待
17.
因为，由于……的原因
18.
旅途愉快
知识要点二
语法
1.
形容词和副词的最高级的构成
形容词和副词最高级的规则变化：
（1）单音节词末尾加-est：
（2）单音节若以e结尾，只加-st：
（3）重读闭音节单音节词若末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-est：
（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，则变y为-i，再加-est：
（5）大部分双音节词和多音节词，在词前加most：
不规则变化
well
better
best
bad
worse
worst
many
more
most
little
less
least
Much
more
most
far
farther
farthest
2.
形容词和副词的最高级的用法
(1)三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词或副词的最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省
略,句末常接in/of/among短语来表示范围。
He
is
the
strongest
of
all
the
boys.
他是所有男孩中最强壮的。
Of
all
the
subjects,I
like
English
best.
在所有学科中我最喜欢英语。
(2)表示“最……之一”用“one
of
+
the
+形容词最高级”。
The
light
bulb
is
one
of
the
most
helpful
inventions.灯泡是
(3)形容词最高级前可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不用定冠词the。
Yesterday
is
her
happiest
day
in
her
life.
昨天是她生命中最开心的一天。
(4)比较级的形式表达最高级的含义
She
runs
the
fastest
in
our
class.=She
runs
faster
than
any
other
student
in
our
class.=She
runs
faster
than
the
other
students
in
our
class.
她是我们班跑得最快的。
(5)表示“第……最……的”,用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”。
Is
Shanghai
the
second
largest
city
in
China?
上海是中国第二大城市吗?
【典例分析】
一、基础复习
1.
写出下列形容词或副词的最高级形式
1.tall
2.strong
3.rich
4.nice
5.fine
6.happy
7.heavy
8.red
9.wet
10.dry
11.interesting
12.
well
13.useful
14.beautiful
15.careful
16.
slowly
17.slow
18.
far
19.
little
20.ill
2、形容词常用结构
1，A>B
比较级+than
2，A=B
as…as
3,
Anot
as
(so)
….as
4,
比较级的修饰语有
than:
much,
even,
a
little,
a
lot,
+
比较级
5,比较级+and+比较级,
表示“越来越”
warmer
and
warmer,
nicer
and
nicer,
more
and
more
beautiful,
The
+比较级，
the
+比较级
表示“越来越”
the
more，
the
better.
6,
表示“最……之一”，用one
of
+最高级+复数名词；
基本句型训练：（形容词语法综合训练）
1.他多么的开心啊！
__________
____________
he
is!
2.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In
my
point
of
view,
English
is
________
_________
_________
Chinese.
3.
我姐姐我细心得多。
My
sister
is
__________
_________
__________
than
me.
4.
他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。
His
mother
is
very
__________.
Look!
She
__________
_________
__________
in
the
room.
5.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This
book
_________
___________
___________
__________
that
one
6.
老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The
teacher
told
us
__________
___________.
7.
这石头太重
我帮不动
The
stone
is
_________
________
_________
________
________
carry.
8.这音乐听起来很美妙
The
music
_________
_____________.
9.
那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The
park
is
getting
______
_____
______
___________.
10.
雨正变得越来越大。
The
rain
is
becoming
_______
_______
_______
.
11.
你吃的越多就越胖。
_____
_____
you
eat,
____
_______you
will
be.
12.这本书比那本书难
The
book
is
_______
_________
_________
that
one
13.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Zhongshan
is
one
of
________
__________
__________
cities
in
China.
14
这本书比那本书更有得多趣。
This
book
is___________
___________
___________
_____________that
one.
15
今天比昨天冷。
It
is
today
it
was
yesterday
【典例分析】
知识要点三
【短文写作】
话题四：交通出行
旅游虽然辛苦,但却令人向往。人们不仅可以亲眼观察到美丽的自然和人文景观,还可以了解各地不同的气候、动植物和特产,亲身体验各地不同的民风民俗、饮食习惯和宗教信仰。选择合适的出行方式,会让你的旅游更加顺畅。
翻译句子
1.有许多出行的方式,例如骑自行车、乘公共汽车、开轿车等等。
2.乘火车便宜但是慢。
3.它变得越来越贵。
4.到那儿要花费你大约两个小时。
5.
信息越多越好。
6.
坐火车旅行比坐长途客车更轻松,但会贵很多。
7.
坐长途客车不像坐火车那样花那么多钱。
8.
费用不是那么重要,但时间是。
9.
我们最好先去上海,然后从西安直接去杭州。
实战演练
现如今人们的出行方式很多,交通工具也多种多样,如:自行车、小汽车、火车、飞机等。请写一篇70词左右的短文,分别从花费、速度和舒适度等方面进行比较。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思维导图
知识要点
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
4
Planes,
ships
and
trains
模块小结
知识要点一、重点单词，短语和句式
要点1
happen
happen：指计划之外的“偶然发生”；
take
place：指计划，安排之内的发生
短语区分：Sth.
+
happen
to
sb：表示“某人发生了某事”
Sb
+
happen
to
do
sth：表示“某人碰巧发生了某事”
【典例分析】
1.昨天他发生了车祸。(翻译句子)
【点拨】A
car
accident
happened
to
him
yesterday.
Sth.
+
happen
to
sb：表示“某人发生了某事”
“偶然发生的事故”所以用happen。
2.10年来我们的家乡发生很大的变化。(翻译句子)
【点拨】
Our
hometown
has
taken
place
a
lot
in
the
past
10
years.
take
place：指计划，安排之内的发生。这里不用happen。
3.昨天我在武汉碰巧看见他。(翻译句子)
【点拨】I
happened
to
see
him
in
Wuhan
yesterday.
Sb
+
happen
to
do
sth：表示“某人碰巧发生了某事”
4.
An
earthquake
__________________
when
people
were
sleeping
at
night.
A.
happened
B.
took
place
C.
had
D.
appeared
【点拨】A句意：当人们在夜里正在睡觉的时候，一起地震发生了。考查易混动词辨析。happen为偶然突然发生；take
place为有机会有安排发生；have为拥有；appear为出现，显现。根据句中所描述的earthquake应属于突然发生。故选A。
5.
I
happened
_________________
a
little
cat
on
my
way
home
from
school.
A.
saving
B.
to
save
C.
on
saving
D.
saved
【点拨】B句意：在我放学回家的路上，我碰巧救了一只小猫。考查非谓语动词与happen的搭配。根据happen常用搭配为happen
to
do
sth碰巧做了某事。故选B。
要点2
except
except
：除了……之外（表示从整体中减去，不算入整体）
except
for：除了……之外（表示说明整体情况之后，对其中的细节加以排除）
besides：“除……外，另外还有”，着重“另外还有”。
but：除了……之外（一般否定句中使用）
【典例分析】
1.
---All
the
workers
went
home
yesterday
______________
Mr.
White.
Why?
---Because
he
was
on
duty.
A.
except
B.
besides
C.
except
for
D.
beside
【点拨】A句意：---所有工人只除了怀特先生之外昨天都回家了。为什么呀？---因为是他值班。考查易混介词辨析。except
：除了……之外（表示从整体中减去，不算入整体）；except
for：除了……之外（表示说明整体情况之后，对其中的细节加以排除）；besides：除了……之外还（表示算入整体，加上）；而besied表示地点在……旁边，根据答句中on
duty，判断怀特先生没有回家。故选A。
2.
If
you
want
to
learn
English
well,
you
should
practise
writing
_______________
reading
aloud.
A.
except
B.
besides
C.
except
for
D.
beside
【点拨】B句意：如果你想要把英语学好，你应该除了大声朗读之外还要练习书写。考查易混介词辨析。except
：除了……之外（表示从整体中减去，不算入整体）；except
for：除了……之外（表示说明整体情况之后，对其中的细节加以排除）；besides：除了……之外还（表示算入整体，加上）；而besied表示地点在……旁边，根据句意reading
和writing都要具备。故选B。
3.
The
car
is
perfect
_________________
its
colour.
A.
except
B.
besides
C.
except
for
D.
beside
【点拨】C句意：这辆汽车非常完美只是除了它的颜色。考查易混介词辨析。except
：除了……之外（表示从整体中减去，不算入整体）；except
for：除了……之外（表示说明整体情况之后，对其中的细节加以排除）；besides：除了……之外还（表示算入整体，加上）；而beside表示地点在……旁边，根据颜色只是属于汽车的某一处细节。故选C。
4.We
work
every
day
________
Sunday,
so
we
can
go
shopping
on
Sunday.
A.
but
B.
except
C.
except
for
D.
besides
【点拨】B句意：除了周日我们每天工作，因此我们能在周日购物。A.
but除了，一般和nothing…but…；B.
except排除在外；C.
except
for“除了……”，即表示除去整体中的一部分；D.
besides“除了……以外，还有……”，具有附加性质。根据题意，这里是排除在外。故选B。
要点3.
表达交通方式：by
taxi
“乘坐出租车”；take
the
bus
“乘坐公交车”。
(1
)by+____________；
(2)take+____
(the/a/an)+________;意思是
“乘……,
坐……”。
常见的用法：
骑自行车去……:
ride
to…=
go
to…by
bike/on
a
bike；
乘公共汽车去……:
go
to…
by
bus/on
a
bus
=
take/catch
a
bus
to…；
坐汽车去……:
drive
to…=
go
to…by
car/in
a
car；
乘火车去……:
go
to…by
train/on
a
train
=take
/catch
a
train
to…；
乘飞机去……:
fly
to…=go
to…by
plane/air/on
a
plane；
乘地铁去……：
take
the
underground
to…=
go
to
...
by
subway；
乘轮船
……：
by
ship
/sea；
走路去……：
go
to
….
on
foot
=walk
to
…
【典例分析】
1.My
sister
goes
to
work
by
bus.
(改为同义句）
=My
sister
_________
_________
_________
to
work.
=My
sister
goes
to
work
________
________
______.
【点拨】takes
a
bus
/
on
a
bus
2.He
sometimes
takes
the
train
to
go
to
Beijing.(改为同义句）
=
He
sometimes
goes
to
Beijing
__________
__________.
【点拨】by
train
3.
He
often
walks
to
school.（改为同义句）
=
He
often
goes
to
school
__________
__________.
【点拨】on
foot
4.
Do
you
know
the
boy
____the
bike?
A．on
B．in
C．by
D
.at
【点拨】A
句意：你认识骑自行车的那个男孩吗?
考查介词辨析。on在上面；in在里面；by用，表方式。by用于交通方式，交通工具名词前面不用冠词，可排除C项。on
the
bike骑自行车，固定搭配；根据句意语境，可知in不合句意，故选A。
要点4
maybe与may
be用法辨析
maybe也许，可能：副词，只能作状语，和perhaps意思接近，多数情况可以互换，用作句首。
may
be可能是，也许是：情态动词+be，用在句中作谓语。
【典例分析】
1.
You
______________
right
but
_______________
you’re
wrong.
A.
maybe;
maybe
B.
maybe;
may
be
C.
may
be;
may
be
D.
may
be;
maybe
【点拨】D句意：你可能是对的，但也可能你是错的。考查易混词形辨析。maybe也许，可能：副词，只能作状语，和perhaps意思接近，多数情况可以互换，用作句首。may
be可能是，也许是：情态动词+be，用在句中作谓语；根据上半句right为形容词，应与系动词搭配，而后半句张are
wrong有了系动词，缺少的为副词。故选D。
2.Maybe
you
put
the
pen
in
your
bag.(同义改写)
=___________
you
put
the
pen
in
your
bag.
=You
__________
put
the
pen
in
your
bag.
【点拨】Perhaps
和maybe
意义相同。表示“也许，可能”
第二空，may
表示“也许，可能”与动词构成谓语。
3.I
can't
find
my
watch,
It
may
be
in
your
pocket.
(同义改写)
=
I
can't
find
my
watch,
___________It
____________
in
your
pocket.
【点拨】maybe
is
要点5
however的用法
however是副词,意为“可是;不过;仍然,可用在句首、句中或句尾,在使用时须和句子其他部分用逗号隔开。however在意思上相当于but,但语气较but委婉些,两者不可在同一句中重叠使用。
另外,
however作为副词不能连接两个分句,而but作连词可以连接两个分句。
【典例分析】
用but和however填空。
1.He
isn't'
strong.
___________,
he
works
hard.
2.He
isn't'
strong,
____________
he
works
hard.
【点拨】第一题有逗号隔开，故用however。第二题用but。
3.I
feel
a
bit
tired.________，
I
can
hold
on.
A.
But
B.
Though
C.
While
D.
However
【点拨】D句意：我感到有点累，然而，我能坚持住。A.
But但是；B.
Though尽管；
C.
While当……的时候；D.
However然而。根据语境可知这里表示转折关系。根据题意，故选D。
要点6常见提建议语气的问句结构辨析
(1).
What
about
+
doing
sth?
=
How
about
+
doing
sth?
(2).
Shall
we
+
do
sth?
(3).
We
had
better
(not)
+
do
sth?
(4).
Let’s
do
sth.
(5).
Would
you
like
to
do
sth?
【典例分析】
1
Look
at
the
clouds.
You’d
better
___________________
early.
A.
to
go
home
B.
going
home
C.
go
home
D.
will
go
home
【点拨】C句意：快看这些乌云。你们最好早点回家。考查动词形式搭配辨析。根据句中的had
better为情态动词性质，后面应该连接动词原形。故选C。
2.
What
about
_____________________
as
soon
as
the
holiday
starts.
A.
to
go
for
a
trip
B.
going
for
a
trip
C.
go
for
a
trip
D.
will
go
for
a
trip
【点拨】B句意：假期一开始我们就去旅行怎么样呀？考查非谓语动词形式搭配。根据句型What
about判断后面应该连接doing动名词形式。故选B。
要点7
a
bit;
a
little
(1)
a
bit
;
a
little都可以用作程度副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级；也都可以用作不定代
词代替不可数名词。
(2).
a
bit
;
a
little都可以修饰不可数名词数量，而a
bit必须与of连用。
【典例分析】
用a
little,
a
bit或a
bit
of填空.
（1-3题）
1.He
feels
________________
better
today.
【点拨】a
little/a
bit
.
a
bit
;
a
little都可以用作程度副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
2.She
is
________________
tired.
【点拨】a
little/
a
bit
a
bit
;
a
little都可以用作程度副词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
3.There
is
________________
milk
in
the
bottle.
【点拨】a
little/a
bit
of
a
bit
;
a
little都可以修饰不可数名词数量，而a
bit必须与of连用。
4.
His
younger
brother
feels
_____________
better
today.
A.
more
B.
a
bit
of
C.
a
little
D.
too
【点拨】C句意：他的小弟弟今天感觉有点好了。考查副词辨析。根据句中的better为形容词最高级，判断应该使用可以修饰形容词及其比较级形式的程度副词。而供选答案中只有a
little可以。供选C。
5.
There
is
____________
water
in
the
bottle.
You
can
drink
it.
A.
a
bit
B.
little
C.
a
bit
of
D.
a
little
of
【点拨】C句意：在瓶子里还有一点水。你可以把它喝掉。考查易混词辨析。根据句中你可以喝掉，判断瓶子里应该还有水，而供选答案中可以用来修饰不可数名词water肯定意义的只有
a
bit
of；a
little修饰不可数名词数量不与of连用。供选C。
要点8：the
same
as用法
the
same
as：其中as
是连词，常用到结构：the
same
+名词+as……”，但也可以什么都不加，
直接用作the
same
as……
与。。。不相同
be
different
from
与。。。相似
be
similar
to
1.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I
have
___________
___________
___________
___________
my
brother.
【点拨】the
same
short
hair
2.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The
color
of
his
cloth
__________
_________
__________
________
【点拨】is
different
from
mine
要点9
plan
①
plan：计划（动词）plan
to
do
sth：计划去做某事
plan：计划（名词）
make
a
plan
/
make
plans
+
to
do
sth：制定计划去做某事
②
用现在进行时表达将要发生的动作，位置转移动词通常使用这种用法：
区分：be
coming
/
be
going
/
be
leaving
/
be
flying
/
be
starting
:指立刻，马上就要发生
will
come
/
will
go
/
will
leave
/
will
fly
/
will
start:指在将来一段时间内要发生
【典例分析】
1.
---Lingling,
supper
is
ready!
---Mum,
____________________.
A.
I
will
come.
B.
I
come.
C.
I’m
coming.
D.
I
came.
【点拨】C句意：---玲玲，晚饭准备好了。---好的，妈妈。我这就过来。考查动词时态。come是位置转移动词，位置转移动词经常用进行时来表达短暂将来，而will通常用来表达未来。根据句意，故选C。
2.
A
businessman
from
Zhejing
Province
plans
________________
the
first
Chinese
space
tourist
by
paying
$20000
______________
the
3.5—hour
trip
at
the
end
of
2008.
A.
become;
to
take
B.
become;
take
C.
to
become;
take
D.
to
become;
to
take
【点拨】D句意：一个来自浙江省的商人计划在2008年底通过花费2万美金进行3.5小时的太空旅行而成为第一位中国的太空游客。考查非谓语动词形式的搭配。根据句中plan判断搭配为plan
to
do
sth计划做某事，再根据动词pay判断搭配为pay……to
do
sth花费……钱去做某事。故选D。
要点10
“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇
用法
spend
主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1.
spend
time/money
on
sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2.
spend
time/money
(in)
doing
sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost
主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth
costs
(sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take
后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1.
“It
takes
sb
+时间+to
do
sth”
做某事花费某人多少时间。2.
“doing
sth
takes
sb
+时间”
做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay
主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1.
pay
(sb)
money
for
sth.
为...付钱（给某人）2.
pay
for
sth.
付....的
钱3.
pay
for
sb.
替某人付钱4.
pay
sb.
付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1.
It
______________
me
two
weeks
to
finish
reading
the
novel
written
by
Guo
Jingming.
A.
spent
B.
took
C.
paid
D.
cost
【点拨】B句意：读完郭敬明写的这部小时花费了我两周的时间。考查易混动词用法辨别。根据人花费作主语用spend
/
pay，物花费作主语用take
/
cost，再根据短语搭配take
sb
some
time
+
to
dos
th，判断为take；故选B。
2.
The
new
T-shirt
_______________
me
fifty
yuan.
A.
spent
B.
took
C.
paid
D.
cost
【点拨】D句意：这件新的T恤衫花费了我50远。考查易混动词用法辨析。根据物作主语用take/cost；再根据短语搭配cost
sb
some
money；判断为cost；故选D。
3.He
___________
twenty
yuan
for
the
book.
A.
paid
B.
took
C.
cost
D.
spent
【点拨】A.
主语是人(he)。并且从后面搭配用for可知答案选A。pay…for为...付钱（给某人）
4.I
usually
____________
two
hours
on
my
homework
every
day.
A.
spend
B.
pay
C.
cost
D.
take
【点拨】A
主语是人(I
)。并且从后面搭配用on可知答案选A.
spend
time/money
on
sth.
在....上花费时间/金钱
5.Jack
usually
__________
an
hour
___________
his
homework.
A.
takes,
to
do
B.
pays,
for
doing
C.
spends,
on
doing
D.
spends,
doing
【点拨】D
主语是人(Jack
)
.
spend
time/money
(in)
doing
sth.花费时间/金钱做某事。in省略。
6.Lucy
spends
one
hundred
yuan
___________
books
every
month.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
with
D.
of
【点拨】A。
spend
time/money
on
sth.
在....上花费时间/金钱
7.Little
Tom
usually
spends
his
free
time
___________
some
reading
at
home.
A.
do
B.
doing
C.
on
doing
D.
to
do
【点拨】B
spend（in）doing
in可省略，而不是spend
。。。on
doing。注意这里学生往往弄错。故答案选B
8.It
took
Lucy
two
days
___________
drawing
this
beautiful
picture.
A.
to
finish
B.
in
finishing
C.
finishing
D.
finish
【点拨】A。“It
takes
sb
+时间+to
do
sth”
做某事花费某人多少时间。
8.A
smile
____________
nothing,
but
gives
much.
A.
costs
B.
spends
C.
cost
D.
spend
【点拨】A
句意：微笑无需付出，却给予很多。spend花费，Sb.
spend
some
money/some
time
on/doing
sth.主语是人，经常与on连用，跟动词用动名词形式；cost花费，Sth.
cost
sb.
some
money，主语是物，人和钱作其宾语。本题中a
smile是物，用cost。主语A
smile是单数名词，因此谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式；故本题选A项costs。
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It
______________
me
about
an
hour
to
do
my
homework
every
day.
【点拨】takes
2、I
______________
an
hour
cleaning
my
office
yesterday.
【点拨】spent
3、This
heavy
coat
______________
me
500
yuan.
【点拨】cost
4、I
______________
50
yuan
for
the
dictionary
yesterday
afternoon.
【点拨】paid
5、I
______________
two
hours
on
this
maths
problem.
At
last,
I
worked
it
out.
【点拨】spent
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They
__________
two
years
___________
__________
this
bridge.
【点拨】spent
in
building
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________
__________
them
three
years
__________
build
this
road.
【点拨】It
took
to
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________
________
us
thirty
minutes
________
_______
from
here
to
the
station.
【点拨】It
takes
to
walk
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It
took
me
two
hours
__________
____________
the
composition.
【点拨】to
finish
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________
________
3,000
yuan
__________
the
mobile
phone.
【点拨】I
spent
on/buying
或
I
paid
for
要点11
The
more
information,
the
better.（比较级倒装句辨析）
倒装句句型：The
+比较级……，
the
+比较级……：表示“越……，就越……”
The
more
information,
the
better.
=
We
get
more
information,
we
are
better.
The
more
we
do
for
people,
the
happier
we'll
be．?我们为人民做得越多,就越幸福.?
The
more
,
the
better.多多益善.
【典例分析】
1
_______________
you
are,
_______________
mistakes
you
will
make.
A.
The
careful;
the
few
B.
More
careful;
fewer
C.
The
more
careful;
the
fewer
D.
The
most
careful;
the
fewest
【点拨】C句意：你越努力，你就会犯的错误越少。考查比较级形式用法。根据倒装句句型，比较级的倒装句，通常比较级形式之前要加定冠词the连用。故选C。
2.The
________
you
study
at
your
lessons,
the
________
grades
you
will
get.
A.
hard;
good
B.
harder;
good
C.
hard;
better
D.
harder;
better
【点拨】D句意：你在你的功课上更努力，你就会取得更好的成绩。The+比较级……；the+比较级……表示越……就越……。study
harder表示越努力；the
better
grades表示更好的成绩。根据题意，故选D。
要点12
It
is
the
second
cheapest.（最高级被修饰情况辨析）
(1).
the
+
序数词+最高级：表示“第……最……的”
(2).
序数词和形容词最高级前面如又“指示代词、不定代词、物主代词或所有格形式”来修饰，定冠词the要省略。
【典例分析】
1.
The
yellow
River
is
__________________
river
in
China.
Hainan
is
_______________
island.
A.
second
longest;
second
China’s
largest
B.
the
second
longest;
China’s
second
largest
C.
second
the
longest;
China’s
the
second
largest
D.
a
second
longest;
the
China’s
second
largest
【点拨】B句意：黄河在中国是第二条最长的河流，海南是中国的第二最大的岛屿。考查形容词最高级被修饰的用法。根据the
+
序数词+最高级：表示“第……最……的”；the
+
序数词+最高级：表示“第……最……的”。故选B。
要点13几个介词的用法
You
can
go
by
car
and
by
ship
across
the
North
Sea.
(1).
介词表达交通方法方式辨析
by
+（零冠词）交通工具名词
in/on
+（冠词/限定词）交通工具名词
(2).
介词表达“通过、穿过”某个地点易混辨析
across：强调“通过、穿过”地点的平面或表面。
through：强调“通过、穿过“立体空间的内部。
past：强调“绕过，在旁边经过”。
over：强调“跨过、越过或翻越而过”。
【典例分析】
1.
Let’s
go
to
the
factory
_______________.
It’s
near
our
school.
A.
by
ship
B.
by
a
bike
C.
in
a
car
D.
on
foot
【点拨】D句意：让我们走着去工厂吧。它就在我们的学校附近。考查表达方法方式的介词辨析。根据by
+（零冠词）交通工具名词；in/on
+（冠词/限定词）交通工具名词；判断C或D，在根据句意，判断为on
foot；故选D。
2.
He
usually
goes
to
work
______________
every
morning.
A.
by
a
bike
B.
on
bike
C.
by
the
bike
D.
on
a
bike
【点拨】D句意：他通常每天早晨骑自行车去上班。考查表达方法方式的介词辨析。根据by
+（零冠词）交通工具名词；in/on
+（冠词/限定词）交通工具名词；故选D。
3.
---Look,
a
blind
man
is
in
the
middle
of
the
street.
It’s
too
dangerous.
---Let’s
go
and
help
him
go
______________
the
road.
A.
through
B.
past
C.
across
D.
over
【点拨】C句意：---快看，一位盲人正站在街道中间。那时很危险的。---让我们去帮助他过马路吧。考查易混介词辨析。根据用法across：强调“通过、穿过”地点的平面或表面。through：强调“通过、穿过“立体空间的内部。past：强调“绕过，在旁边经过”。over：强调“跨过、越过或翻越而过”。再根据句中地点street为平面表面。故选C。
要点14
本模块的重点短语
1.
迟到
2.
某人发生了某事
3.
像……一样
4.
与……不同
5.
记得要去做某事
6.
总是；一直
7.
去做某事的方式
8.
变得拥挤
9.计划去做某事
10.
从……到……
11.
告诉某人关于……的事
12.
告诉某人去做某事
13.
越……就会越……
14.
预定你的票
15.
不得不
16.
等候，等待
17.
因为，由于……的原因
18.
旅途愉快
【点拨】1.be
late
for
2.Sth.
happen
to
sb.
3.the
same
as
4.be
different
from
5.remember
to
do
6.all
the
time
7.the
way
to
do/
the
way
of
doing
8.get
crowded
9.plan
to
do
10.from
to
11.tell
sb.
About
sth.
12.tell
sb.
to
do
13.the
+比较级，
the
+比较级
14.book
your
tickets
15.have
to
16.wait
for
17.because
of
18.have
a
good
(great)
trip
知识要点二
语法
1.
形容词和副词的最高级的构成
形容词和副词最高级的规则变化：
（1）单音节词末尾加-est：
（2）单音节若以e结尾，只加-st：
（3）重读闭音节单音节词若末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-est：
（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，则变y为-i，再加-est：
（5）大部分双音节词和多音节词，在词前加most：
不规则变化
well
better
best
bad
worse
worst
many
more
most
little
less
least
Much
more
most
far
farther
farthest
2.
形容词和副词的最高级的用法
(1)三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词或副词的最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省
略,句末常接in/of/among短语来表示范围。
He
is
the
strongest
of
all
the
boys.
他是所有男孩中最强壮的。
Of
all
the
subjects,I
like
English
best.
在所有学科中我最喜欢英语。
(2)表示“最……之一”用“one
of
+
the
+形容词最高级”。
The
light
bulb
is
one
of
the
most
helpful
inventions.灯泡是
(3)形容词最高级前可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不用定冠词the。
Yesterday
is
her
happiest
day
in
her
life.
昨天是她生命中最开心的一天。
(4)比较级的形式表达最高级的含义
She
runs
the
fastest
in
our
class.=She
runs
faster
than
any
other
student
in
our
class.=She
runs
faster
than
the
other
students
in
our
class.
她是我们班跑得最快的。
(5)表示“第……最……的”,用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”。
Is
Shanghai
the
second
largest
city
in
China?
上海是中国第二大城市吗?
【典例分析】
一、基础复习
1.
写出下列形容词或副词的最高级形式
1.tall
2.strong
3.rich
4.nice
5.fine
6.happy
7.heavy
8.red
9.wet
10.dry
11.interesting
12.
well
13.useful
14.beautiful
15.careful
16.
slowly
17.slow
18.
far
19.
little
20.ill
【答案】
1.taller
tallest
2.stronger
strongest
3.richer
richest
4.nicer
nicest
5.finer
finest
6.happier
happiest
7.heavier
heaviest
8.redder
reddest
9.wetter
wettest
10.drier
driest
11.more
interesting
most
interesting
12.better
best
13.more
useful
most
useful
14.more
beautiful
most
beautiful
15.more
careful
most
careful
16.
most
slowly
the
most
slowly
17.
slower
slowest
18.
farther
further
farthest/furthest
19.
less
least
20.worse
worst
2、形容词常用结构
1，A>B
比较级+than
2，A=B
as…as
3,
Anot
as
(so)
….as
4,
比较级的修饰语有
than:
much,
even,
a
little,
a
lot,
+
比较级
5,比较级+and+比较级,
表示“越来越”
warmer
and
warmer,
nicer
and
nicer,
more
and
more
beautiful,
The
+比较级，
the
+比较级
表示“越来越”
the
more，
the
better.
6,
表示“最……之一”，用one
of
+最高级+复数名词；
基本句型训练：（形容词语法综合训练）
1.他多么的开心啊！
__________
____________
he
is!
【答案】How
happy
2.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In
my
point
of
view,
English
is
________
_________
_________
Chinese.
【答案】as
important
as
(A=B
as…as句式)
3.
我姐姐我细心得多。
My
sister
is
__________
_________
__________
than
me.
【答案】much
more
careful
（A>B
比较级+than
，much修饰比较级）
4.
他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。
His
mother
is
very
__________.
Look!
She
__________
_________
__________
in
the
room.
【答案】happy
is
singing
happily
5.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This
book
_________
___________
___________
__________
that
one
【答案】isn’t
as/so
interesting
as
(Anot
as
(so)
….as句式)
6.
老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The
teacher
told
us
__________
___________.
【答案】something
interesting。（形容词修饰不定代词后置）
7.
这石头太重
我帮不动
The
stone
is
_________
________
_________
________
________
carry.
【答案】too
heavy
for
me
to
(too…to句式)
8.这音乐听起来很美妙
The
music
_________
_____________.
【答案】sounds
beautiful。（感官动词sound
look
feel
taste
smell用系表结构）
9.
那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The
park
is
getting
______
_____
______
___________.
【答案】more
and
more
beautiful(比较级+and+比较级,
表示“越来越”)
10.
雨正变得越来越大。
The
rain
is
becoming
_______
_______
_______
.
【答案】heavier
and
heavier
(比较级+and+比较级,
表示“越来越”)
11.
你吃的越多就越胖。
_____
_____
you
eat,
____
_______you
will
be.
【答案】The
more
the
fatter.(
The
+比较级，
the
+比较级
表示“越来越”)
12.这本书比那本书难
The
book
is
_______
_________
_________
that
one
【答案】more
difficult
than
（A>B
比较级+than
，much修饰比较级）
13.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Zhongshan
is
one
of
________
__________
__________
cities
in
China.
【答案】the
most
beautiful
(表示“最……之一”，用one
of
+最高级+复数名词)
14
这本书比那本书更有得多趣。
This
book
is___________
___________
___________
_____________that
one.
【答案】a
lot
more
interesting
than
(a
lot
修饰比较级)
15
今天比昨天冷。
It
is
today
it
was
yesterday
【答案】colder
than
知识要点三
【短文写作】
话题四：交通出行
旅游虽然辛苦,但却令人向往。人们不仅可以亲眼观察到美丽的自然和人文景观,还可以了解各地不同的气候、动植物和特产,亲身体验各地不同的民风民俗、饮食习惯和宗教信仰。选择合适的出行方式,会让你的旅游更加顺畅。
翻译句子
1.有许多出行的方式,例如骑自行车、乘公共汽车、开轿车等等。
【答案】
There
are
many
ways
of
going
out,
such
as
by
bike,
by
bus,
by
car
and
so
on.?
2.乘火车便宜但是慢。
【答案】
Trains
are
cheap
but
slow
3.它变得越来越贵。
【答案】It
becomes
more
and
more
expensive.?
4.到那儿要花费你大约两个小时。
【答案】
It
will
take
you
about
two
hours
to
get
there.?
5.
信息越多越好。
【答案】The
more
information,
the
better.
6.
坐火车旅行比坐长途客车更轻松,但会贵很多。
【答案】A
journey
by
train
is
more
relaxing
than
by
coach,
but
a
lot
more
expensive.
7.
坐长途客车不像坐火车那样花那么多钱。
【答案】
Going
by
coach
does
not
cost
as
much
as
going
by
train.
8.
费用不是那么重要,但时间是。
【答案】The
cost
is
not
so
important,
but
the
time
is
9.
我们最好先去上海,然后从西安直接去杭州。
【答案】
It
is
better
to
go
to
Shanghai
first,
then
we
go
from
Xi'an
to
Hangzhou
directly.
实战演练
现如今人们的出行方式很多,交通工具也多种多样,如:自行车、小汽车、火车、飞机等。请写一篇70词左右的短文,分别从花费、速度和舒适度等方面进行比较。
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Nowadays
there
are
many
means
of
transportation
such
as
bikes,
cars,
trains,
planes
and
so
on.
But
they
are
different
in
many
ways.
Trains
are
slow
but
cheap
and
we
can
enjoy
the
beautiful
scenery
along
the
road.
Planes
are
expensive
but
they
are
fast
and
it
is
comfortable
to
travel
by
plane.
The
car
wastes
too
much
fuel
and
gives
off
waste.
It
is
bad
for
our
health.
Riding
bikes
is
tiring
but
it
can
make
us
healthy
and
it
is
good
for
our
environment.
In
order
to
protect
our
environment,
ride
bikes
as
much
as
possible
when
you
go
out.
思维导图
知识要点
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