中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
5
Museums
模块小结
要点1
rule
(1)
rule作名词,表示“规则,
规章,
规定,
条例”。例如:
You
should
be
observant
of
the
traffic
rules.
你应该遵守交通规则。
(2
rule作名词,还可以表示“习惯;
惯常的做法”。例如:
She
makes
a
rule
of
going
for
a
walk
every
afternoon.
她有每天下午散步的习惯。
【拓展】
be
against
the
rule
表示“违反规定”,相当于“break
the
rule”;其反义词是“follow/obey
the
rule”,意为“遵守/服从规定。
【典例分析】
1.红灯亮时横穿马路时违反交通规定的。
It
__________
_______
_________
___________
__________to
cross
the
street
while
the
red
light
is
on.
2.我们应该遵守考试规则。
We
should
_________
_________
__________of
exam.
要点2
in
trouble
in
trouble的用法
(be)
in
trouble意为“遇上麻烦;处于困境”,此时trouble作名词,意为“麻烦;困境”。
trouble也可作动词,意为“使焦急;使苦恼;麻烦”
【拓展】
辨析be
in
trouble
与get
into
trouble
be
in
trouble
表示状态,一般表示已经有麻烦;
get
into
trouble是一个动作或过程,意为“惹上麻烦,陷入麻烦,闯祸”,多用于还没发生的情况。
【典例分析】
1.
Don't
trouble
trouble
until
trouble
troubles
you.(翻译,说明每个trouble的意思)
2.
Linda
is
kind.
She
always
helps
me
when
I'm
________.
A.
in
peace???
?
B.
at
home??????
C.
at
work???????
D.
in
trouble
3.It's
so
rude
to
laugh
at
people
who
are
______________.
They
need
your
help.
A.?by
air????????????????????????????B.?in
order????????????????????????????C.?in
silence????????????????????????????D.?in
trouble
3.—
How
is
your
English
study?
—Not
bad.
But
I_______
learning
English
grammar.
A.
am
interested
in
B.
am
good
at
C.
have
a
little
trouble
D.
have
no
trouble
4.
They
had
trouble
__________(get)
to
the
top
of
the
mountain
because
of
the
rain.
5.没有人想惹麻烦。
Nobody
likes
to_________
__________
______________.
要点3
missing
missing是形容词,意为“找不到的,失踪的”。
辨析
missing
;
lost
;
gone
missing
意为“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人或物不在原处,暂时找不着了(含最终可能找到之意),可作定语、表语或宾补。
lost
意为“丢失”,含有“难以找回”的意思,可作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
gone
意为“(东西)没了;(时间)过去了;(人)死了”,而且语气肯定,作表语或宾语补足语,不可以作定语。
【典例分析】
用missing
lost和gone填空。
1.I
can't
find
my
mobile
phone.
It's
________!
2.Look!
She
is
looking
for
her
__________
key.
3.___________time
will
never
be
found
again.
4.They
set
out
to
look
for
the
_____________
girl
at
once.
5.Her
grandpa
is___________,
so
her
grandma
lives
alone.
要点4
find
out
find
out意为“找到,发现,查明”,多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如:
Please
find
out
when
the
train
leaves.
请查一下火车什么时候离站。
【考点辨析】look
for
,find
out
,find
Look
for
意为“寻找”,强调“找”的动作
Find
意为“找到”,强调“找”的结果,通常指找到具体的东西
Find
out
意为“发现,查明”,通常指查明抽象的东西,如某个真相或事实等
【典例分析】
1.
Dear
!
Where
is
my
watch
?
I
can’t
______
it
anywhere
.
A.
look
for
B.
find
out
C.
find
D.
look
2.Paul
,
could
you
help
me_______
when
the
earliest
train
will
leave
for
Beijing
?
-OK
,
I’ll
do
it
right
away
.
A.
look
out
B.
get
out
C.
find
out
D.
take
out
3.The
window
was
broken.Try
to
______
who
has
broken
it.
A.find
B.look
C.find
out
D.look
for
4.他到处寻找他的钢笔,但是还是没有找到。
He____________
his
pen,
but
he
didn’t
___________
it.
要点5
fill…with…
(1)fill…with…意为“
把……装满……”或“使……充满……”,强调动作。例如:
Can
you
fill
the
bottle
with
water?
你能把瓶子装满水吗?
(2)fill是动词,意思是“装满”,与with组成be
filled
with,侧重于动作和装的东西,是被动形式;full是形容词,意思是“满的”,与of组成be
full
of短语,
侧重于状态
。二者区别不大,可以互换。
例如:
The
train
is
filled
with
people
=
The
train
is
full
of
people.
火车里挤满了人。
【图解助记】
【典例分析】
1.—The
box
is
too
heavy
to
carry.
What’s
in
it?
—Oh,
it
is
_______books.
A.
filled
with
B.
covered
with
C.
used
for
D.
asked
for
2.It
is
raining
hard.
The
pool
______
water.
A.is
filled
of
B.
is
full
with
C.
is
filled
with
D.
is
fulled
of
3.正如习总书记所说:“只要我们撸起袖子加油干,中国梦就一定会实现”
As
president
Xi
says
,“If
we
are
___________
energies
to
do
everything
,China
Dream
is
sure
to
come
true
.”
要点6
of
all
ages
(1)age作为名词,意为“年龄”。例如:
His
wife
is
the
same
age
as
Una.
他的妻子和尤娜同年。
【注意】
用age询问年龄时,用疑问词what而不用how
old。
Her
age
is
10.
=
She’s?ten?(years?old).?/?She’s?ten?years?of?age.?她十岁。
(2)与age相关的常用搭配:
1)at
the
age
of…
在……岁的时候。
2)of
all
ages
所有年龄段的;of
the
same
age
同龄的;of
different
ages
不同年龄的。例如:
【典例分析】
1.你多大年龄?
How
old
are
you?=_________
_________
age?
2.八岁时,他开始学游泳。
???__________
he
was
8
_________
__________,
he
started
to
learn
swimming.
=_______
_______
_______
of
8,
he
started
to
learn
swimming.
3.
这座科学博物馆对于所有年龄段的人们来说都是有趣的。
The
Science
Museum
is
interesting
for
people
_________
_________
___________.
4.加里和其他同龄的孩子们一起踢足球。
Gary
plays
football
with
the
other
children
of
________
__________
_________.
5.这些玩具适用不同年龄的儿童。
The
toys
are
for
children
_________
________
___________.
要点7
open,
close,
closed
open,
close,
closed的区别
首先,open,
close都可以做动词,表示“开”和“关”的瞬间动作。
另外,open
可以直接做形容词,但是close不能直接做形容词,它的形容词形式是closed。形容词常放在系动词后或名词前。
注意:
1.
open有两个反义词,做动词,其反义词为close;做形容词,其反义词为closed;
2.
因open与close为瞬间动词,如与一段时间连用,只能用其形容词形式;
3.
opened为open的过去式或过去分词;closed可为close的过去式或过去分词,也可能是其形容词。
【典例分析】
用open,
close的适当形式填空,并注明词性
1.
It’s
too
hot
inside,
we’d
better___________
the
windows.
2.
If
the
air
conditioner
is
on,
you
must
keep
the
doors
and
windows
______________
.
3.
How
long
has
the
exhibition
been_______________
?
4.
We
went
to
the
cinema
last
Friday,
but
it
was
___________.
5.
Mike
________________________
the
book
gently
and
left
quietly.
要点8
compare
compare…with…与compare…to…的区别
compare用作动词“比较,对比,比作”。常用短语:
(1)“compare
with”表示“把……和……相比”,表示同类人或事物相比较,是指研究评判人与人之间、事
物与事物之间相同或相异的程度;
(2)“compare
to
表示“比喻为……”,是指出两者之间的关系相似,常表示不同类人或事物相比作、比拟,意味着两种事物有共同之处。如:
He
compared
his
camera
with
mine.他把他的照相机跟我的比较。
We
often
compare
a
teacher
to
a
candle.我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
(3)
compared
with/to...意为“和……相比”,该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语,放在句首。如:
Compared
with/to
other
cities,
I
think
Guilin
is
more
beautiful.
和其他城市相比,我认为桂林更漂亮。
【图解助记】compare比较要分清
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.请不要老是拿我和别人作比较!
Do
not
always
__________
me
__________
others,
please!
2.他们都开始把他比作雷锋。
They
all
started
to
__________
him
__________
Lei
Feng.
3—Why
are
most
children
under
too
much
pressure?
—Because
their
parents
always
compared
them
________
others.
A.
by
B.
for
C.
to
D.
with
4.The
biggest
ocean
does
not
seem
big
at
all
when
it
is
_______
the
size
of
the
whole
earth.
A.
compared
to
B.
compared
with
C.
comparing
with
D.
comparing
to
要点9
whole
whole与all的用法:
①
whole和all两者都用作形容词,意为“整个的;全部的”,但在句中的位置不同,whole位于限定词(定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格)之后(限定词+whole+名词)。all位于限定词(定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格)之前(all+限定词+名词)。如:
The
whole
school/all
the
school
was
empty.
整个学校空无一人。
②
修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时,一般用all。如:
I
know
all
those
people.
我认识所有那些人。
Jane?has?drunk?all?the?milk.??简已经喝了所有的牛奶。
③
在表示地名的专有名词前用all,不用whole,但可用the
whole
of,如不能说the
whole
China,但可说the
whole
of
China,用all时则可表示为all
China。如:
Li
Ming
travelled
the
whole
of
China/all
China
in
the
past
few
years.
在过去几年里,李明游览了全中国。
【典例分析】
1.He
spent________
writing.
A.the
morning
all
B.the
all
morning
C.whole
the
morning
D.the
whole
morning
2.
Last
Sunday
my
________
family
went
to
the
beach
except
my
father.
He
was
away
on
business.????????
A.
healthy
B.
whole??????
C.
strange
D.
dangerous
要点10
No
wonder
No
wonder
+
(that
)从句
=
It’s
no
wonder
+(that)从句,意为“……是不足为怪的”或“难怪……”。
例句:No
wonder
you
can’t
find
anybody
here;
they’re
all
away
at
a
meeting.
难怪你在这里找不到任何人,他们都去开会了。
【拓展】
wonder作及物动词,意为“想知道;对……感到怀疑”,常见的用法有:
(1)后接who,
what,why,where
等引导的宾语从句。
I
wonder
who
she
is.
我想知道她是谁。
She
wondered
what
the
child
was
doing.
她感到疑惑,孩子究竟在干什么。
I
wonder
why
Ann
is
late.
我想知道安为什么迟到了。
I
wonder
where
they
have
gone.
我想知道他们去哪儿了。
(2)后接
if
或
whether
引导的宾语从句,常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。
I
wonder
if
he
will
succeed.
我不知道他会不会成功。
【典例分析】
1.—All
of
the
soldiers
were
busy
saving
the
wounded
people
after
the
earthquake,
with
no
rest!
—_______
they
looked
so
tired.
A.I
wondered
B.It
seemed
C.No
wonder
D.I
bet
2.
She
wondered
_________you
were
free
that
morning.
A.
that
B.
if
C.
When
D.
Where
要点11
need
need
to
do
sth
和need
doing
sth
(1)need
to
do
sth
意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人,表示主动意义。如:
I
need
to
have
a
good
rest.
我需要好好休息一下。
(2)
need
doing
sth
意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物
,用主动形式表示被动意义,相当于need
to
be
done。如:
The
bicycle
needs
repairing.
这辆自行车需要修理。
【注意】need也可用作情态动词,后跟动词原形,need无人称和数的变化。通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及条件句、whether,
hardly,
nobody等连用。如:
Need
he
go
so
soon?他这么快就要走吗?
He
needn’t
go.
他不必走。
He
wondered
whether
they
need
go
there.
他不知道他们是否需要去那里。
Nobody
need
be
afraid
of
catching
the
disease.
谁都不用害怕能得这种病。
注意:因need不能用于肯定句,因此肯定回答要用must。如:
—Need
I
stay
here
any
longer?我需要在这呆下去吗?
—No,
you
needn’t.
不需要。
—Yes,
you
must.
是的,需要呆下去。
【典例分析】
1.
Lisa
is
a
little
poor
at
Chinese.
I
think
she
needs
_____it
every
day.
A.
practice
to
speak
B.
to
practice
speaking
C.
practice
speaking
2..
Don’t
throw
away
the
waste
paper.
It
needs
so
that
it
can
be
reused.
A.
to
destroy
B.
destroying
C.
to
collect
D.
collecting
3.Need
I
you
hand
in
your
homework?
A.
Yes,
you
need.
B.
Yes,
you
needn’t.
C.
Yes,
you
must.
D.
Yes,
you
needn’t.
要点12
重点短语
1.禁止入内!
2那样不好(不适当)!
3.难怪
4.怎么了?
5.违反规定
6.遇上麻烦,
处于困难中
7.请不要大喊!
8.确信
9.发高烧
10.陷入麻烦
11.保持安静
12.与……不一样
13.与某人交流
14.用……装满……
15.充满
16.与……相比较
17.所有年龄段的
18.务必
19.全世界
20.免费进入
语法一、
“if从句+祈使句”以及表示“禁止做某事”的结构
用法
举例
if从句+祈使句
“if从句+祈使句”结构,表达建议,相当于汉语的“如果……,就……”。if引导的从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后
If
you
arrive,
please
call
me.
如果你到了,请打电话给我。Make
sure
you
drop
in
on
me
if
you
come
to
Beijing.如果你来北京,一定要顺便拜访一下我。
表示“禁止做某事”的结构
No+动名词
No
smoking.
禁止吸烟。No
photos.
请勿拍照。Don’t
cross
that
rope!
不要越过那根绳子!Keep
clear
of
the
door.请勿靠近门。
No+名词
祈使句
1.We
don't
know
if
our
friend
________.
If
he
________,
we'll
let
you
know.
A.
comes;
comes
B.
comes;
will
come
C.
will
come;
comes
D.
will
come;
will
come
2.If
you
want
to
have
a
chat,
_________
me
up
A.
calling
B.
call
C.
to
call
D.
will
call
3.________
you
have
a
picnic
this
weekend,remember
to
call
me.
A.
As
B.
For
C.
If
D.
Because
4.﹣________
run
in
the
hallway,Mike.﹣Sorry,Ms.
Clark
A.Don't
B.Please
C.No
D.Don't
be
5.
If
you
want
to
see
the
old
coins,
________
to
the
new
museum.
A.
go?????
??
B.
to
go????
C.
went??????????????????????D.
going
6.Which
of
the
following
signs
means
"No
photos"?
21教育网
A
B
C
D
二、完成句子
1.
不要上课迟到!
__________be
late
for
class.
2.
课上不准喝水。
__________drinks
in
class.
3.
不要用叉子吃米饭。
__________eat
rice
with
forks.
4.
那里不准摆设餐桌!
__________laying
the
table
there.
话题五、描述某地及遵守的规则
在写此类文章时,首先点明要介绍的博物馆或其他地点(
如位置、地位等
),然后介绍自己的参观经历,列举一些注意事项,并适当简述原因,最后总结时可指出在其他公共场合,我们也要注意行为举止等。描述规则时,一般以一般现在时为主。为了避免文章单调乏味,在描述禁止类规则时,可使用不同的句式,使内容更加丰富。
常用句型:
No
shouting,
please!
It’s
against
the
rules!
Don’t
cross
that
rope!
It’s
a
good
habit
to
keep
clean
and
tidy.
It’s
good
manners
to
follow
the
traffic
rules.
We
should
behave
well
in
public
places.
The
Science
Museum
is
interesting
for
people
of
all
ages.
Please
pay
attention
to
the
machines
and
tools
invented
in
ancient
China.
You’re
not
allowed
to
swim
in
the
river.
I’m
looking
forward
to
visiting
the
museum
very
much.
实战演练
假如你们要参观Green
Swimming
Club,请根据下面提示,写一篇80词左右的短文来介绍它。
内容提示:
1.Green
Swimming
Club位于市中心,任何年龄段的人都可以加入;
2.三不规则:所借的游泳衣、救生圈、椅子不得损坏
(destroy),不准乱扔垃圾,不准在游泳区钓鱼;
3.周六、周日全天开放。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思维导图
知识要点一:重点单词,短语及句。
知识要点二:语法
知识要点三:书面表达
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
5
Museums
模块小结
要点1
rule
(1)
rule作名词,表示“规则,
规章,
规定,
条例”。例如:
You
should
be
observant
of
the
traffic
rules.
你应该遵守交通规则。
(2
rule作名词,还可以表示“习惯;
惯常的做法”。例如:
She
makes
a
rule
of
going
for
a
walk
every
afternoon.
她有每天下午散步的习惯。
【拓展】
be
against
the
rule
表示“违反规定”,相当于“break
the
rule”;其反义词是“follow/obey
the
rule”,意为“遵守/服从规定。
【典例分析】
1.红灯亮时横穿马路时违反交通规定的。
It
__________
_______
_________
___________
__________to
cross
the
street
while
the
red
light
is
on.
2.我们应该遵守考试规则。
We
should
_________
_________
__________of
exam.
【点拨】1.is
against
the
traffic
rule
2.obey/follow
the
rule
要点2
in
trouble
in
trouble的用法
(be)
in
trouble意为“遇上麻烦;处于困境”,此时trouble作名词,意为“麻烦;困境”。
trouble也可作动词,意为“使焦急;使苦恼;麻烦”
【拓展】
辨析be
in
trouble
与get
into
trouble
be
in
trouble
表示状态,一般表示已经有麻烦;
get
into
trouble是一个动作或过程,意为“惹上麻烦,陷入麻烦,闯祸”,多用于还没发生的情况。
【典例分析】
1.
Don't
trouble
trouble
until
trouble
troubles
you.(翻译,说明每个trouble的意思)
【点拨】不要自找麻烦。第一个trouble
是动词“生麻烦”第二个trouble
名词。麻烦。第三个trouble
名词。麻烦,第四个trouble动词。
2.
Linda
is
kind.
She
always
helps
me
when
I'm
________.
A.
in
peace???
?
B.
at
home??????
C.
at
work???????
D.
in
trouble
【点拨】本题考查介词短语的用法。in
peace意为“和平地;平静地”,at
home?意为“在家”,at
work?意为“在工作”,in
trouble意为“遇上麻烦;处于困境”,结合语境可知应选D。
3.It's
so
rude
to
laugh
at
people
who
are
______________.
They
need
your
help.
A.?by
air????????????????????????????B.?in
order????????????????????????????C.?in
silence????????????????????????????D.?in
trouble
【点拨】D句意:嘲笑有困难的人不礼貌,他们需要你的帮助。A.坐飞机;B.为了;C.沉默的;D.处于困难之中。根据
They
need
your
help.
可知需要帮助,是因为他们处于困难之中,故答案是D。
3.—
How
is
your
English
study?
—Not
bad.
But
I_______
learning
English
grammar.
A.
am
interested
in
B.
am
good
at
C.
have
a
little
trouble
D.
have
no
trouble
【点拨】C
句意:你英语这样?不差,但是语法方面还是有点困难。所以C符合语境。
4.
They
had
trouble
__________(get)
to
the
top
of
the
mountain
because
of
the
rain.
【点拨】getting。have
trouble
doing
sth。
做某事有困难。
5.没有人想惹麻烦。
Nobody
likes
to_________
__________
______________.
【点拨】get
into
trouble
要点3
missing
missing是形容词,意为“找不到的,失踪的”。
辨析
missing
;
lost
;
gone
missing
意为“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人或物不在原处,暂时找不着了(含最终可能找到之意),可作定语、表语或宾补。
lost
意为“丢失”,含有“难以找回”的意思,可作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
gone
意为“(东西)没了;(时间)过去了;(人)死了”,而且语气肯定,作表语或宾语补足语,不可以作定语。
【典例分析】
用missing
lost和gone填空。
1.I
can't
find
my
mobile
phone.
It's
________!
【点拨】missing/lost
2.Look!
She
is
looking
for
her
__________
key.
【点拨】lost
/missing
3.___________time
will
never
be
found
again.
【点拨】Lost
4.They
set
out
to
look
for
the
_____________
girl
at
once.
【点拨】Missing/lost
5.Her
grandpa
is___________,
so
her
grandma
lives
alone.
【点拨】gone
要点4
find
out
find
out意为“找到,发现,查明”,多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如:
Please
find
out
when
the
train
leaves.
请查一下火车什么时候离站。
【考点辨析】look
for
,find
out
,find
Look
for
意为“寻找”,强调“找”的动作
Find
意为“找到”,强调“找”的结果,通常指找到具体的东西
Find
out
意为“发现,查明”,通常指查明抽象的东西,如某个真相或事实等
【典例分析】
1.
Dear
!
Where
is
my
watch
?
I
can’t
______
it
anywhere
.
A.
look
for
B.
find
out
C.
find
D.
look
【点拨】C.
意为“找到”,强调“找”的结果
2.Paul
,
could
you
help
me_______
when
the
earliest
train
will
leave
for
Beijing
?
-OK
,
I’ll
do
it
right
away
.
A.
look
out
B.
get
out
C.
find
out
D.
take
out
【点拨】C.
find
out意为“找到,发现,查明”,多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。
3.The
window
was
broken.Try
to
______
who
has
broken
it.
A.find
B.look
C.find
out
D.look
for
【点拨】C。find
out意为“查明”;find意为“找到”;look
for意为“寻找”,根据句意可知应该选“查明”
4.他到处寻找他的钢笔,但是还是没有找到。
He____________
his
pen,
but
he
didn’t
___________
it.
【点拨】looked
for
find.
要点5
fill…with…
(1)fill…with…意为“
把……装满……”或“使……充满……”,强调动作。例如:
Can
you
fill
the
bottle
with
water?
你能把瓶子装满水吗?
(2)fill是动词,意思是“装满”,与with组成be
filled
with,侧重于动作和装的东西,是被动形式;full是形容词,意思是“满的”,与of组成be
full
of短语,
侧重于状态
。二者区别不大,可以互换。
例如:
The
train
is
filled
with
people
=
The
train
is
full
of
people.
火车里挤满了人。
【图解助记】
【典例分析】
1.—The
box
is
too
heavy
to
carry.
What’s
in
it?
—Oh,
it
is
_______books.
A.
filled
with
B.
covered
with
C.
used
for
D.
asked
for
【点拨】A.
be
filled
with
充满。Be
covered
with
被覆盖。Be
used
for
被用来。。。
be
asked
for
被。。。要求。
2.It
is
raining
hard.
The
pool
______
water.
A.is
filled
of
B.
is
full
with
C.
is
filled
with
D.
is
fulled
of
【点拨】C
.
be
full
of
和be
filled
with
都是固定搭配。
3.正如习总书记所说:“只要我们撸起袖子加油干,中国梦就一定会实现”
As
president
Xi
says
,“If
we
are
___________
energies
to
do
everything
,China
Dream
is
sure
to
come
true
.”
【点拨】full
of
/filled
with
要点6
of
all
ages
(1)age作为名词,意为“年龄”。例如:
His
wife
is
the
same
age
as
Una.
他的妻子和尤娜同年。
【注意】
用age询问年龄时,用疑问词what而不用how
old。
Her
age
is
10.
=
She’s?ten?(years?old).?/?She’s?ten?years?of?age.?她十岁。
(2)与age相关的常用搭配:
1)at
the
age
of…
在……岁的时候。
2)of
all
ages
所有年龄段的;of
the
same
age
同龄的;of
different
ages
不同年龄的。例如:
【典例分析】
1.你多大年龄?
How
old
are
you?=_________
_________
age?
【点拨】What’s
your
用age询问年龄时,用疑问词what而不用how
old。
2.八岁时,他开始学游泳。
???__________
he
was
8
_________
__________,
he
started
to
learn
swimming.
=_______
_______
_______
of
8,
he
started
to
learn
swimming.
【点拨】When
years
old
At
the
age
of.
at
the
age
of…
在……岁的时候。=when。。。years
old
3.
这座科学博物馆对于所有年龄段的人们来说都是有趣的。
The
Science
Museum
is
interesting
for
people
_________
_________
___________.
【点拨】of
all
ages
4.加里和其他同龄的孩子们一起踢足球。
Gary
plays
football
with
the
other
children
of
________
__________
_________.
【点拨】of
the
same
age
5.这些玩具适用不同年龄的儿童。
The
toys
are
for
children
_________
________
___________.
【点拨】of
different
ages
要点7
open,
close,
closed
open,
close,
closed的区别
首先,open,
close都可以做动词,表示“开”和“关”的瞬间动作。
另外,open
可以直接做形容词,但是close不能直接做形容词,它的形容词形式是closed。形容词常放在系动词后或名词前。
注意:
1.
open有两个反义词,做动词,其反义词为close;做形容词,其反义词为closed;
2.
因open与close为瞬间动词,如与一段时间连用,只能用其形容词形式;
3.
opened为open的过去式或过去分词;closed可为close的过去式或过去分词,也可能是其形容词。
【典例分析】
用open,
close的适当形式填空,并注明词性
1.
It’s
too
hot
inside,
we’d
better___________
the
windows.
【点拨】open
打开。动词。
2.
If
the
air
conditioner
is
on,
you
must
keep
the
doors
and
windows
______________
.
【点拨】closed
形容词。“关闭的”
3.
How
long
has
the
exhibition
been_______________
?
【点拨】open/closed
形容词。表示状态用形容词。
4.
We
went
to
the
cinema
last
Friday,
but
it
was
___________.
【点拨】closed
形容词。“关闭的”
5.
Mike
________________________
the
book
gently
and
left
quietly.
【点拨】opened/closed
动词。打开/关闭。
要点8
compare
compare…with…与compare…to…的区别
compare用作动词“比较,对比,比作”。常用短语:
(1)“compare
with”表示“把……和……相比”,表示同类人或事物相比较,是指研究评判人与人之间、事
物与事物之间相同或相异的程度;
(2)“compare
to
表示“比喻为……”,是指出两者之间的关系相似,常表示不同类人或事物相比作、比拟,意味着两种事物有共同之处。如:
He
compared
his
camera
with
mine.他把他的照相机跟我的比较。
We
often
compare
a
teacher
to
a
candle.我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
(3)
compared
with/to...意为“和……相比”,该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语,放在句首。如:
Compared
with/to
other
cities,
I
think
Guilin
is
more
beautiful.
和其他城市相比,我认为桂林更漂亮。
【图解助记】compare比较要分清
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.请不要老是拿我和别人作比较!
Do
not
always
__________
me
__________
others,
please!
【点拨】compare
with
表示“把……和……相比”,表示同类人或事物相比较.
2.他们都开始把他比作雷锋。
They
all
started
to
__________
him
__________
Lei
Feng.
【点拨】compare
to
“compare
to
表示“比喻为……”,是指出两者之间的关系相似,常表示不同类人或事物相比作
3—Why
are
most
children
under
too
much
pressure?
—Because
their
parents
always
compared
them
________
others.
A.
by
B.
for
C.
to
D.
with
【点拨】D
句意:因为他们的父母亲总是将他们与别人比较。
4.The
biggest
ocean
does
not
seem
big
at
all
when
it
is
_______
the
size
of
the
whole
earth.
A.
compared
to
B.
compared
with
C.
comparing
with
D.
comparing
to
【点拨】B
句意:最大的海洋与整个地球的大小相比,似乎一点也不大。
要点9
whole
whole与all的用法:
①
whole和all两者都用作形容词,意为“整个的;全部的”,但在句中的位置不同,whole位于限定词(定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格)之后(限定词+whole+名词)。all位于限定词(定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格)之前(all+限定词+名词)。如:
The
whole
school/all
the
school
was
empty.
整个学校空无一人。
②
修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时,一般用all。如:
I
know
all
those
people.
我认识所有那些人。
Jane?has?drunk?all?the?milk.??简已经喝了所有的牛奶。
③
在表示地名的专有名词前用all,不用whole,但可用the
whole
of,如不能说the
whole
China,但可说the
whole
of
China,用all时则可表示为all
China。如:
Li
Ming
travelled
the
whole
of
China/all
China
in
the
past
few
years.
在过去几年里,李明游览了全中国。
【典例分析】
1.He
spent________
writing.
A.the
morning
all
B.the
all
morning
C.whole
the
morning
D.the
whole
morning
【点拨】D本题用词语应用法解答。表示“全部的,整个的”时,whole放在冠词之后,all放在冠词之前。故选D。
2.
Last
Sunday
my
________
family
went
to
the
beach
except
my
father.
He
was
away
on
business.????????
A.
healthy
B.
whole??????
C.
strange
D.
dangerous
【点拨】.
B。本题考查形容词辨析。healthy意为“健康的”,whole意为“全部的;整个的”,strange意为“奇怪的”,dangerous意为“危险的”,结合语境可知应选B。
要点10
No
wonder
No
wonder
+
(that
)从句
=
It’s
no
wonder
+(that)从句,意为“……是不足为怪的”或“难怪……”。
例句:No
wonder
you
can’t
find
anybody
here;
they’re
all
away
at
a
meeting.
难怪你在这里找不到任何人,他们都去开会了。
【拓展】
wonder作及物动词,意为“想知道;对……感到怀疑”,常见的用法有:
(1)后接who,
what,why,where
等引导的宾语从句。
I
wonder
who
she
is.
我想知道她是谁。
She
wondered
what
the
child
was
doing.
她感到疑惑,孩子究竟在干什么。
I
wonder
why
Ann
is
late.
我想知道安为什么迟到了。
I
wonder
where
they
have
gone.
我想知道他们去哪儿了。
(2)后接
if
或
whether
引导的宾语从句,常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。
I
wonder
if
he
will
succeed.
我不知道他会不会成功。
【典例分析】
1.—All
of
the
soldiers
were
busy
saving
the
wounded
people
after
the
earthquake,
with
no
rest!
—_______
they
looked
so
tired.
A.I
wondered
B.It
seemed
C.No
wonder
D.I
bet
【点拨】C。句意:——地震后所有的士兵都忙着抢救受伤的人,都没有休息!——难怪他们看起来那么累。I
wondered我想知道;It
seemed看起来;No
wonder难怪;I
bet我确信。故选C。
2.
She
wondered
_________you
were
free
that
morning.
A.
that
B.
if
C.
When
D.
Where
【点拨】考查wonder
的用法及宾语从句连接词的用法。Wonder
想知道,表示有疑问的事情,故后面接疑问词较多所以不选B。根据语境选B
要点11
need
need
to
do
sth
和need
doing
sth
(1)need
to
do
sth
意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人,表示主动意义。如:
I
need
to
have
a
good
rest.
我需要好好休息一下。
(2)
need
doing
sth
意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物
,用主动形式表示被动意义,相当于need
to
be
done。如:
The
bicycle
needs
repairing.
这辆自行车需要修理。
【注意】need也可用作情态动词,后跟动词原形,need无人称和数的变化。通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及条件句、whether,
hardly,
nobody等连用。如:
Need
he
go
so
soon?他这么快就要走吗?
He
needn’t
go.
他不必走。
He
wondered
whether
they
need
go
there.
他不知道他们是否需要去那里。
Nobody
need
be
afraid
of
catching
the
disease.
谁都不用害怕能得这种病。
注意:因need不能用于肯定句,因此肯定回答要用must。如:
—Need
I
stay
here
any
longer?我需要在这呆下去吗?
—No,
you
needn’t.
不需要。
—Yes,
you
must.
是的,需要呆下去。
【典例分析】
1.
Lisa
is
a
little
poor
at
Chinese.
I
think
she
needs
_____it
every
day.
A.
practice
to
speak
B.
to
practice
speaking
C.
practice
speaking
【点拨】B
need
to
do
sth
意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人,表示主动意义
2..
Don’t
throw
away
the
waste
paper.
It
needs
so
that
it
can
be
reused.
A.
to
destroy
B.
destroying
C.
to
collect
D.
collecting
【点拨】D
need
doing
sth
意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物
,用主动形式表示被动意义,相当于need
to
be
done。
3.Need
I
you
hand
in
your
homework?
A.
Yes,
you
need.
B.
Yes,
you
needn’t.
C.
Yes,
you
must.
D.
Yes,
you
needn’t.
【点拨】C.
做情态动词因need不能用于肯定句,因此肯定回答要用must。
要点12
重点短语
1.禁止入内!
2那样不好(不适当)!
3.难怪
4.怎么了?
5.违反规定
6.遇上麻烦,
处于困难中
7.请不要大喊!
8.确信
9.发高烧
10.陷入麻烦
11.保持安静
12.与……不一样
13.与某人交流
14.用……装满……
15.充满
16.与……相比较
17.所有年龄段的
18.务必
19.全世界
20.免费进入
【点拨】1.No
entry
2.That’s
no
good
3.No
wonder
4.What’s
the
matter
?
5.be
against
the
rules
break
the
rules
6.be
in
trouble
7.No
shouting
8.be
sure
of
9.have
a
high
fever
10.get
into
trouble
11.keep
quiet
12.be
different
from
13.commuicate
with
14.fill
with
15.be
full
of
/be
filled
with
16.compare
with
17.of
all
ages
18.make
sure
19.the
whole
world/
all
the
world
20.be
free
to
enter
语法一、
“if从句+祈使句”以及表示“禁止做某事”的结构
用法
举例
if从句+祈使句
“if从句+祈使句”结构,表达建议,相当于汉语的“如果……,就……”。if引导的从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后
If
you
arrive,
please
call
me.
如果你到了,请打电话给我。Make
sure
you
drop
in
on
me
if
you
come
to
Beijing.如果你来北京,一定要顺便拜访一下我。
表示“禁止做某事”的结构
No+动名词
No
smoking.
禁止吸烟。No
photos.
请勿拍照。Don’t
cross
that
rope!
不要越过那根绳子!Keep
clear
of
the
door.请勿靠近门。
No+名词
祈使句
1.We
don't
know
if
our
friend
________.
If
he
________,
we'll
let
you
know.
A.
comes;
comes
B.
comes;
will
come
C.
will
come;
comes
D.
will
come;
will
come
【点拨】C
句意:我们不知道我们的朋友是否会来。如果他来了,我们会通知你的。if
our
friend
________.是由if引导的宾语从句,结合语境可知,用一般将来时,因此第一个空用will
come;If
he
________,we'll
let
you
know.
是由if
引导的条件状语从句,主句是一般将来时,因此从句用一般现在时表示将来。故第二个空用comes。因此本题选C。
【注意】主将从现
主将从现是指在时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。
常见的有以下几种情况:
1.
如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时,那么条件和时间状语从句多用一般现在时。
如:When
I
grow
up,
I
will
be
a
nurse
and
look
after
patients/
I
want
to
be
a
nurse
and
look
after
patients.
我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人。
2.
如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时。
如:Don’t
laugh
at
me
when
I
make
a
mistake.我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。
3.
主将从现说的是在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的时态是一般将来时,那么从句要用一般现在时。
例如:I
will
tell
him
about
it
when
he
comes.
If
it
is
fine
tomorrow,
we
will
go
outing.
2.If
you
want
to
have
a
chat,
_________
me
up
A.
calling
B.
call
C.
to
call
D.
will
call
【点拨】B如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时(即“主祈从现”)
3.________
you
have
a
picnic
this
weekend,remember
to
call
me.
A.
As
B.
For
C.
If
D.
Because
【点拨】C句意:如果这个周末你去野餐,记得给我打电话。As当……时候;for因为;if如果;because因为。根据this
weekend可知此处对这个周末的假设,故用if引导的条件状语从句,故选C。
4.﹣________
run
in
the
hallway,Mike.﹣Sorry,Ms.
Clark
A.Don't
B.Please
C.No
D.Don't
be
【点拨】A句意:﹣﹣别在走廊里跑,迈克.﹣对不起,克拉克老师.表示不要做某事,用祈使句的否定形式,即Don't+动词原形.
5.
If
you
want
to
see
the
old
coins,
________
to
the
new
museum.
A.
go?????
??
B.
to
go????
C.
went??????????????????????D.
going
【点拨】A。本题考查条件状语从句的用法。“if从句+祈使句”这种结构可以用来表达建议,故选A。
6.Which
of
the
following
signs
means
"No
photos"?
21教育网
A
B
C
D
【点拨】A句意:
下列哪个标志表示“禁止拍照”?
A禁止拍照,B禁止触摸,C禁止停车,故选A。D.禁止吸烟。
二、完成句子
1.
不要上课迟到!
__________be
late
for
class.
【点拨】Don’t
祈使句可以用来表示“禁止做某事”。
2.
课上不准喝水。
__________drinks
in
class.
【点拨】No
No
+
名词
用来表示“禁止做某事”。
3.
不要用叉子吃米饭。
__________eat
rice
with
forks.
【点拨】Don’t。祈使句可以用来表示“禁止做某事”。
4.
那里不准摆设餐桌!
__________laying
the
table
there.
【点拨】No
No
+
动名词
用来表示“禁止做某事”。
话题五、描述某地及遵守的规则
在写此类文章时,首先点明要介绍的博物馆或其他地点(
如位置、地位等
),然后介绍自己的参观经历,列举一些注意事项,并适当简述原因,最后总结时可指出在其他公共场合,我们也要注意行为举止等。描述规则时,一般以一般现在时为主。为了避免文章单调乏味,在描述禁止类规则时,可使用不同的句式,使内容更加丰富。
常用句型:
No
shouting,
please!
It’s
against
the
rules!
Don’t
cross
that
rope!
It’s
a
good
habit
to
keep
clean
and
tidy.
It’s
good
manners
to
follow
the
traffic
rules.
We
should
behave
well
in
public
places.
The
Science
Museum
is
interesting
for
people
of
all
ages.
Please
pay
attention
to
the
machines
and
tools
invented
in
ancient
China.
You’re
not
allowed
to
swim
in
the
river.
I’m
looking
forward
to
visiting
the
museum
very
much.
实战演练
假如你们要参观Green
Swimming
Club,请根据下面提示,写一篇80词左右的短文来介绍它。
内容提示:
1.Green
Swimming
Club位于市中心,任何年龄段的人都可以加入;
2.三不规则:所借的游泳衣、救生圈、椅子不得损坏
(destroy),不准乱扔垃圾,不准在游泳区钓鱼;
3.周六、周日全天开放。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Green
Swimming
Club
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
in
the
centre
of
the
city
and
it
is
for
people
of
all
ages.
It
is
open
all
day
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Saturdays
and
Sundays.
When
you
are
in
the
club,
you
must
obey
the
“Three
NO”
rules.
All
the
swimsuits,
life
buoys
and
chairs
which
are
borrowed
from
there
can't
be
destroyed.
You
mustn't
drop
litter.
No
fishing
in
the
swimming
area.
To
have
a
wonderful
ti
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)me
in
the
club,
you
should
obey
the
rules
when
you
visit
it.
思维导图
知识要点一:重点单词,短语及句。
知识要点二:语法
知识要点三:书面表达
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