牛津上海版七年级寒假7A Unit 9-11单词复习—祈使句—家庭社会类阅读学案

七年级英语寒假班（教师版）
祈使句
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。
祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。
Go
and
wash
your
hands.
（去洗你的手。——命令）
Be
quiet,
please.（Please
be
quiet.）
（请安静。——请求）
Be
kind
to
our
sister.
（对姐妹要和善。——劝告）
Watch
your
steps.
（走路小心。——警告）
Look
out！Danger！
（小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句）
Keep
off
the
grass.
（勿践草坪。——禁止）
No
parking.
(禁止停车。——禁止）
No
eating
or
drinking.
(禁止吃喝。——禁止)
No
littering.
(禁止乱扔垃圾。——禁止)
含有第二人称主语的祈使句
Be
careful！小心
Don''t
make
such
a
noise.不要这么吵。
肯定结构:
Do
型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please
have
a
seat
here.
请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
如:This
way,
please.
=
Go
this
way,
please.
请这边走。
Be
型(即:Be
+
表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be
a
good
boy!
要做一个好孩子!
Let
型(即:Let
+
宾语
+
动词原形
+
其它成分)。如:Let
me
help
you.
让我来帮你。
否定结构:
Do
型和
Be
型的否定式都是在句首加
don't
构成
如:Don't
forget
me!不要忘记我!
Don't
be
late
for
school!
Let
型的否定式有两种:“Don't
+
let
+
宾语
+
动词原形
+
其它成分”和“Let
+
宾语
+
not
+
动词原形
+
其它成分”。
如:Don't
let
him
go.
/
Let
him
not
go.
别让他走。
有些可用no
开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No
smoking!
禁止吸烟!No
fishing!
禁止钓鱼!
"let"带头的祈使句
由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative
Sentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种：
表示“建议”。这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语，如：
Let
me
try.
Let's
do
it.
Let
me
go
and
look
for
it.
这个句型语气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a
和(4)b:
a.
Don't
disturb
him.
b.
Let's
not
disturb
him.
(a)是直接命令，语气强烈，不如(b)温柔悦耳。
表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如：
Let
Robert
take
charge
of
the
marketing
department.
Let
her
join
our
choir.
表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外，
有时还语带讽刺，如：
Let
him
try
and
he
will
expose
his
inability
to
work
on
his
own.
Let
the
invaders
come
and
our
armed
forces
will
wipe
them
out
in
no
time.
用"let"的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：
一、"let"
的否定句有两种。
如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't
let
"：
Don't
let
this
type
of
things
happen
again.
如果宾语是第一人称，则用"Let
not"：
It's
raining
now.
Let's
not
go
out
until
after
the
rain.
二、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如
out,
in,
down,
alone
等：
Let
the
puppy
out.
Open
the
windows
and
let
the
fresh
air
in.
The
room
is
too
sunny.
Let
the
blinds
down.
Let
me
alone,
please.
三、用"Let's"时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用"Let
us"时，并不包括对方，如：
Let's
try
it,
shall
we?
Let
us
do
it
by
ourselves,
will
you?
从(17)里的"shall
we"和(18)里的"will
you"，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。
【例题】
补全句子。
Let’s
do
it
together,
?
Let
us
do
it
together,
?
Please
note
the
board,
?
【难度】★
★
★
【答案】shall
we;
will
you;
will
you
祈使句和陈述句
陈述句：
You
sit
down.你坐下来。
祈使句：
Sit
down.坐下（省略主语
you）
用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上
please，但如果在句尾加please，那在
please
之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。
Go
this
way，please.请这边走。
祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开，放在句首或句尾。
Li
Ming，come
here.李明，过来。
Come
here，Li
Ming.过来，李明。
否定的祈使句
句型：Don''t
+动词原形～Don''t
swim
in
the
river.别在河里游泳。Please
don''t
be
noisy.
请不要大声喧哗。
表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词/动名词”来表示。
No
smoking!禁止吸烟！
No
parking!禁止停车！
No
entry!不准入内！
No
litter!不准乱扔杂物！
祈使句有时候相当于一个由
if
引导的条件状语从句。
如
：Study
harder
and
you
will
catch
up
with
the
others
in
your
class.
努力学习些，你会赶上班里其他同学的。
If
you
study
harder,
you
will
catch
up
with
the
others
in
your
class.
如果你学习再努力些，你会赶上班上其他同学的。
Practice
regularly,
or
you
will
lose
the
game.
要定期训练，不然会输掉这场比赛的。
Unless
you
practice
regularly,
you
will
lose
the
game.
If
you
don’t
practice
regularly,
you
will
lose
the
game.
如果你不定期训练，会输掉这场比赛的。
【例题】
Believe
her,
or
she
will
be
unhappy.
（同义句转换）
,
she
will
be
unhappy.
,
she
will
be
unhappy.
【难度】★
★
★
【答案】Unless
you
believe
her
If
you
don’t
believe
her
If
you
believe
her,
she
will
be
happy.
,
she
will
be
happy.
【难度】★
★
★
【答案】Believe
her
and
Choose
the
best
answer.
(选择最恰当的答案)
late
again,
Bill!
(★
)
A.
Don't
to
be
B.
Don't
be
C.
Not
be
D.
Be
not
cross
the
road
until
the
traffic
lights
turn
green.
(★
)
A.
Not
B.
Won't
C.
Doesn't
D.
Don't
Tony
is
a
quiet
student,
he
is
active
in
class.
(★
)
A.
so
B.
and
C.
but
D.
or
Her
doctor
said:
“
work
so
hard”
(★
)
A.
Stop
B.
Don’t
C.
Can’t
D.
No
him
the
secret,
will
you?
(★
)
A.
Don’t
tell
B
Not
to
tell
C
Not
telling
D
No
telling
in
bed.
It’s
bad
for
your
eyes.
(★
)
A.
Not
to
read
B.
Don’t
read
C.
Don’t
to
read
D.
Not
read
Please
look
outside.
Look
at
the
blackboard.
(★
)
A.
not
B.
don’t
C.
aren’t
D.
can’t
your
child.
We’ll
look
after
him.
(★
)
A.
Not
to
worry
about
B.
Don’t
worry
about
C.
Not
worry
for
D.
Don’t
worry
with
Please
help
me
carry
it,
?
(★★
)
A.
will
I
B.
will
you
C.
shall
I
D.
shall
we
Don't
make
so
much
noise,
?
(★★
)
A.
will
you
B.
won't
you
C.
shall
we
D.
do
you
Mary,
the
window.
It’s
so
cold
outside.
(★
★
★
)
A.
close
B.
closes
C.
closing
D.
to
close
Sindy,
to
be
here
at
8
o’clock.
(★
★
★
)
A.
is
sure
B.
is
sure
that
C.
will
be
sure
D.
be
sure
--You
look
rather
tired.
stopping
to
have
a
rest?
(★
★
★
)
--
All
right.
A.
Why
not
B.
How
about
C.
Why
not
to
D.
why
don’t
go
for
the
book
alone,
Ms
Zhang.
(★
★
★
)
A.
Let’s
B.
Let
me
C.
Let
us
D.
Allow
Hurry
up,
you
will
miss
the
plane.
(★★★
)
A.
and
B.
but
C.
so
D.
or
I
want
to
know
he
will
be
the
volunteer
in
the
2011
Universiade
(世界大学生运动会)
in
Shenzhen.
(★
★
★
)
A.
where
B.
who
C.
if
D.
which
They
will
lose
the
game,
they
try
their
best.
(★★★
)
A.
unless
B.
once
C.
since
D.
after
You
won't
feel
happy
at
school
you
get
on
well
with
your
classmates.
(★
★
★
)
A.
though
B.
when
C.
unless
D.
because
afraid
of
snake
is
one
of
his
shortcomings.
(★★★
)
A.
Being
B.
Be
C.
To
be
D.
Been
friends
with
others
helps
you
to
be
active
and
happy
in
your
life.
(★★★
)
A.
Making
B.
To
make
C.
Make
D.
Made
【答案】1-5
BDCBA
6-10
BBBBA
11-15
ADBBD
16-20
CACAA
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required.
(句型转换）
Please
sit
next
to
Nancy.
（改为否定句）(★
)
next
to
Nancy.
Let's
watch
the
sports
games.（改为反意疑问句）(★★
)
Let's
watch
the
sports
games,
?
The
teachers
often
tell
the
students
not
to
be
careless.
（改为祈使句）(★★
)
careless,
please.
Will
you
please
read
it
again
more
slowly?（改为祈使句）(★
)
again
more
slowly,
please.
If
you
don't
listen
to
me,
I'll
go.（改为同义句）(★
★
★
)
me,
or
I’ll
go.
Let
us
do
the
housework
first.
(改为反意疑问句)
(★
★
★
)
Let
us
do
the
housework
first,
？
【答案】1.Don’t
sit
2.
shall
we
3.
Don’t
be
4.
Read
it
5.
Listen
to
6.
will
you
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
into
correct
ones.
(改错)
Don’t
remember
to
close
the
door
before
you
leave.
(★★
)
Quilts
are
made
from
cloth.
(★★
)
The
new
plane
can
raise
at
least
300
people.
(★★
)
That
is
said
that
thousands
of
tourists
visit
Yu
Garden
every
day.
(★★
)
I
felt
quiet
exciting
at
the
news.
(★★
)
【答案】1.
remember----forget
2.
from----of
3.
raise----carry/hold
4.
That----It
5.
quiet
quite
3.家庭社会类阅读
家庭社会类阅读
☆
Before
reading
An
optimist
sees
an
opportunity
in
every
calamity（灾难）;
a
pessimist
sees
a
calamity
in
every
opportunity.
乐观者于一个灾难中看到一个希望，悲观者于一个希望中看到一个灾难。
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words.
No
matter
how
the
rain
lasts,
there
will
be
a
rainbow
in
the
end.
No
matter
how
you
may
be,
believe
that
happiness
is
waiting.
译文：
【难度】★
★
★
【答案】long；sad
无论下多久的雨，最后都会有彩虹；无论你多么悲伤，要相信幸福在前方等候。
☆
While
reading:
Choose
the
best
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage.
We
often
act
like
babies
when
we
want
to
be
happy.
Why?
I
think
it
is
because
children
have
no
worry
and
they
don’t
complain.
We
can
set
a
goal
in
our
life
and
go
after
what
we
want.
But
if
we’re
complaining
all
the
time,
how
can
we
live
happily?
If
you
don’t
believe
me,
count
how
many
times
you
complain
about
something
in
one
day.
Whether
it
is
being
trapped
in
busy
traffic
or
troubled
by
weather,
or
whatever
it
is,
there
are
endless
things
you
can
find
to
complain
about.
But
it’s
not
just
the
outside
condition
that
we
will
complain
about.
We
complain
about
ourselves
too.
We
complain
that
we
don’t
have
enough
time
or
money,
and
that
we’re
not
smart
enough,
cool
enough,
or
just
enough.
Many
times
we
experience
lots
of
unpleasant
things
because
of
complaining
about
things
we
can’t
control.
Think
about
how
much
happier
you
would
be
if
you
stop
complaining?
Much
of
what
you
complain
about
is
out
of
your
control
anyway.
What’s
the
meaning
of
thinking
about
something
you
have
no
power
to
change?
Finding
out
what
you
are
complaining
about
is
the
first
step
to
stop
complaining.
Ask
yourself
if
you
prefer
to
complain
or
to
be
happy.
It’s
best
to
stop
to
enjoy
the
beautiful
life,
but
not
to
waste
time
to
complain.
(225
words)
Answer
the
following
questions.
Why
do
we
often
act
like
babies
when
we
want
to
be
happy?
（★
）
There
are
endless
things
you
can
find
to
complain
about,
aren’t
there?
（★
）
What
do
we
complain
about
according
to
the
writer?
（★★
）
How
will
you
be
if
you
stop
complaining?
（★
）
What
do
you
think
of
complaining，why？（★★★
）
【难度】★
★
★
【答案】
Because
children
have
no
worry
and
they
don’t
complain.
Yes,
there
is.
We
complain
about
the
outside
condition
and
ourselves.
You
will
be
much
happier.
I
think
complaining
makes
people
negative
and
unhappy.
Because
it
is
useless
to
change
something
you
can’t
control.
(Any
reasonable
answer
is
acceptable.)
After
reading:
将划线部分的句子译成中文。
在文中找出下列句子的同义句：We
can
have
a
life
goal
and
try
to
get
it.
找出文章的中心句。
Please
write
down
three
sentences
with
clauses.
Sample:
We
often
act
like
babies
when
we
want
to
be
happy.
①
②
③
【难度】★★★
【答案】
许多你抱怨的东西无论如何你是控制不了的。
We
can
set
a
goal
in
our
life
and
go
after
what
we
want.
It’s
best
to
stop
to
enjoy
the
beautiful
life,
but
not
to
waste
time
to
complain.
略
Please
write
at
least
60
words
about
the
topic
“One
change
I
dream
in
my
family”.
请以“我希望家里的一个变化”为题，写一篇不少于
60
个字的短文。要求内容切题、语言地道、表达流畅。
Suggested
questions:
What
is
the
change?
Why
do
you
dream
the
change?
What
will
the
change
probably
bring
you
?
(60words)
(80words)
（100words）
Practice
☆
Before
reading
Answer
the
following
questions
What
do
you
think
of
physical
beauty?
Would
you
like
to
take
a
cosmetic
surgery
in
order
to
look
prettier?
Why?
☆
While
reading:
Choose
the
best
answer.（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）
Nowadays
people
are
making
themselves
beautiful
in
Korean
ways.
“Thank
goodness
you
have
double
eyelids
(双眼皮).
Your
parents
will
save
a
lot
of
money,”
said
a
family
friend
when
I
was
five
years
old.
Double
eyelids,
which
almost
all
the
white
people
have,
are
rare
among
Northeast
Asians.
Only
25%
of
South
Koreans
are
born
with
double
eyelids.
I
never
quite
understood
how
having
double
eyelids
saved
my
parents’
money
until
that
summer
when
I
came
back
to
Seoul.
Everywhere
I
noticed
cosmetic
surgery
clinics
(整形诊所)
and
advertisements
with
South
Korean
women
---
tall,
thin,
with
milky
skin,
long
legs,
nice
big
eyes
and
perfect
noses.
I
found
that
South
Korean
beauty
meant
looking
as
“white”
as
possible.
Cosmetic
surgery
has
a
kind
of
magical
attraction
to
women
---
the
promise
of
beauty.
Women
are
often
sure
that
suffering
and
sacrificing
(
牺
牲
)
is
necessary
and
worthy
in
order
to
be
beautiful.
This
suffering
is
not
for
nothing.
It
is
believed
that
beauty
leads
to
attracting
a
better-looking
partner,
which
then
leads
to
a
better-looking
child
and
a
better
life.
Appearance
is
starting
to
play
a
bigger
role
in
work
places.
For
example,
my
29-year-old
brother,
who
is
slim
and
very
tall,
gets
more
job
chances
than
his
best
friend,
who
is
shorter
and
heavier,
though
both
of
them
came
from
the
same
college,
had
the
same
good
marks
in
their
studies.
In
fact,
many
South
Koreans
believe
that
physical
beauty
equals
happiness.
(245
words)
How
many
South
Koreans
are
born
with
double
eyelids?
（★
）
There
are
many
cosmetic
surgery
clinics
in
Seoul,
aren’t
there?
（★
）
,
When
did
the
writer
understand
having
double
eyelids
saved
his
parents’
money?
（★
）
Why
do
so
many
women
want
to
have
cosmetic
surgery?
（★
）
What
do
many
South
Koreans
believe?
（★
）
They
believe
What
do
you
think
of
true
beauty?
（★★
）
【难度】★★
【答案】
Only
25%
of
South
Koreans
are
born
with
double
eyelids.
Yes,
there
are.
He
didn’t
understand
it
until
that
summer
when
I
came
back
to
Seoul.
Because
they
want
to
be
beautiful./
Cosmetic
surgery
has
a
kind
of
magical
attraction
to
women
---
the
promise
of
beauty.
that
beauty
leads
to
attracting
a
better-looking
partner,
which
then
leads
to
a
better-looking
child
and
a
better
life.
Any
reasonable
answers.
Choose
the
best
answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Many
people
say
that
they
are
working
too
many
hours.
They
don't
have
enough
time
to
relax
or
to
stay
with
their
family.
Work
hours
are
different
from
one
country
to
another.
In
France,
people
spend
about
1,646
hours
a
year
at
work.
In
Japan,
however,
people
work
about
2,159
hours
a
year.
That
means
a
Japanese
worker
works
513
more
hours
a
year
than
a
French
worker.
Why
do
people
work
so
many
hours?
Some
people
work
extra
hours
because
they
want
to
make
more
money.
However,
many
companies
don't
pay
overtime.
Their
workers
don't
get
more
pay
for
more
work.
Some
people
think
it's
their
duty
to
work
more
hours.
Some
are
afraid
of
losing
their
jobs
if
they
don't
work
more
hours.
Many
people
say
that
their
vacations
are
too
short.
In
France,
people
get
five
weeks
of
paid
vacation
a
year.
In
Germany,
they
get
four
to
six
weeks,
and
in
the
United
States,
two
weeks.
One
study
shows
fewer
than
half
of
workers
used
all
their
vacation
days.
In
Great
Britain,
there
is
a
saying,
"All
work
and
no
play
makes
Jack
a
dull
(迟钝的)
boy."
If
that
is
true,
there
must
be
a
lot
of
dull
people
in
the
world.
(207
words)
A
Japanese
worker
works
more
hours
a
year
than
a
French
one.
(★
)
A.
513
B.
1,646
C.
2,159
D.
3,805
The
word
"extra"
in
Paragraph
3
means
".(★
)
A.
正常的
B.
额外的
C.
有用的
D.
少量的
People
work
more
hours
for
several
reasons
except
that
.(★
)
A.
they
want
to
make
more
money
B.
they
think
it’s
their
duty
C.
they
are
afraid
of
losing
their
jobs
D.
they
like
working
very
much
People
in
get
only
two
weeks
of
paid
vacation
a
year.
(★
)
A.
France
B.
Germany
C.
the
United
States
D.
Great
Britain
Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
passage?
(★
)
No
companies
offer
vacations
to
their
workers.
Many
people
say
they
have
enough
time
to
relax.
Not
all
companies
pay
their
workers
for
more
work.
More
than
half
of
workers
use
all
their
vacation
days.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
(★★
)
Many
workers
have
to
work
long
hours.
Many
people
have
vacations
long
enough.
Work
hours
are
the
same
around
the
world.
There
are
a
lot
of
dull
people
in
the
world.
【难度】★
【答案】1.A;
2.B;
3.
D;
4.C;
5.C;
6.A
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）
Start
Today
“What
can
you
do
when
you
have
done
nothing
but
mess
up(
搞糟)
your
whole
life
long?”
These
were
the
words
I
heard
when
I
turned
on
the
TV
the
other
day.
They
were
coming
from
one
of
the
talk
shows
that
are
so
popular
on
TV
these
days.
I
started
to
turn
the
channel
but
the
words
I
had
heard
made
me
1
for
a
moment.
I
looked
at
the
speaker
of
them.
He
couldn’t
have
been
more
than
18
years
old,
but
already
he
was
writing
off
(认
为……已失败)
his
life
as
a
useless
waste.
I
wanted
to
shout
at
him,
“You’re
not
2
yet!”
It
is
so
sad
that
so
many
people
cannot
get
rid
of
their
pasts
and
live
in
the
present.
There
are
so
many
people
like
that
talk
show
guest.
There
are
people
still
in
their
teen
years
thinking
that
their
lives
are
over.
There
are
people
in
their
twenties
who
already
think
they
have
3
the
boat
to
success
and
happiness.
There
are
people
in
their
thirties
and
forties
who
sit
around
complaining
that
life
has
passed
them
by.
I
want
to
shout
to
them
all,
“Wake
up!
You’re
still
alive!
What
have
you
done
today?”
If
you
want
a
happy
life,
you
can’t
just
think
about
your
past
mistakes.
If
you
want
joy
and
love
in
your
life,
you
have
to
choose
them
today.
God
gives
us
a
new
4
at
life
every
time
we
wake
up
in
the
morning.
It
is
up
to
us
to
catch
it.
Today
can
be
the
5
of
a
new
life
for
each
of
us.
We
can
choose
joy
right
now.
We
can
share
love
today.
We
can
live
with
hope
starting
at
this
moment.
It
doesn’t
matter
how
hard
our
past
has
been.
Our
present
can
be
full
of
joy
and
our
future
can
be
full
of
happiness.
It
doesn’t
matter
whether
we
are
eight
6
eighty
we
can
still
make
our
lives
wonderful.
Life
isn’t
over
until
your
last
heartbeat.
Start
today,
then,
to
make
your
heart
beat
with
joy,
love,
and
light.
(356
words)
1.
A.
go
B.
stop
C.
move
D.
talk
2.
A.
wrong
B.
alone
C.
dead
D.
ready
3.
A.
lost
B.
caught
C.
taken
D.
missed
4.
A.
chance
B.
joke
C.
gift
D.
right
5.
A.
end
B.
goal
C.
form
D.
beginning
6.
A.
to
【难度】★★★
B.
and
C.
or
D.
between
【答案】1.
B;
2.
C;
3.
D;
4.
A;
5.
D;
6.C
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
blanks
with
proper
words.
(首字母填空)
(1)
It
is
one
o'clock
in
Seattle
(
西
雅
图
)
in
the
afternoon.
You
are
walking
d
1
the
street.
A
lot
of
people
are
outside
for
lunch.
You
see
a
woman.
She
is
holding
a
white
and
green
paper
cup.
You
see
another
person.
He
is
also
holding
a
cup
in
his
hand.
You
see
another
and
another.
Everybody
holds
a
cup!
What
are
they
all
drinking?
You
s
2
the
air
in
Seattle.
It's
coffee!
People
in
Seattle
love
coffee.
Some
say
it's
because
Seattle
has
many
rainy
d
3
and
people
need
coffee
to
be
happy.
There
is
caffeine
in
coffee
and
it
helps
people
be
happy.
These
people
like
latte
(拿铁咖啡)
better.
Others
say
coffee
shops
are
popular
because
people
in
Seattle
are
very
relaxed.
They
need
coffee
to
stop
them
from
falling
a
4
easily.
These
people
like
espresso
(
浓
咖啡)
better.
Coffee
shops
in
Seattle
are
like
teahouses
in
China.
In
Seattle,
people
go
to
coffee
shops
to
talk
to
friends,
read
books,
play
games,
work
on
the
computer
or
relax.
Coffee
is
an
important
p
5
of
people's
life.
The
world's
largest
coffee
shop
chain,
Starbucks,
first
o
6
in
Seattle
in
1971.
There
are
many
good
baristas
(咖啡师)
in
Starbucks.
But
Starbucks
is
not
the
o
7
popular
coffee
shop
chain
in
the
city.
There
are
other
large
chains.
Seattle
also
has
many
small
neighbourhood
coffee
shops.
（229
words）
1.
6.
【难度】★
★
★
2.
7.
3.
4.
5.
【答案】1.
down；2.smell；3.days；4.
asleep；5.
part；6.
opened;
7.only