做好英语单项选择题例解
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1. 冠词（4点）
除复习冠词的基本用法外，其“例外”用法值得注意。
1). 表示“某一”的意思时，专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用a或an。例如：
On a Saturday morning he got lost in the mountain.
2). a / an + 名词 + 修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如：
Mrs. Taylor has __ 8-year-old daughter who has __ gift for painting — she has won two national prizes.（2005浙江）
a; a B. an; the
C. an; a D. the; a
又如：
For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living. (2006山东)
a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the
3). 在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指，完全看语境的暗示。例如：
— I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over __ keyboard.
— You shouldn’t put drinks near __ computer. (2006北京)
A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a
The stage 影员职业; go on the stage 从事影艺职业; on stage 在演出
4). music、nature、society前通常不用冠词，除非特指。例如：
I know you don’t like __ music very much. But what do you think of __ music in the film we saw yesterday (2006全国III)
/; / B. the; the
C. the; / D. /; the
2. 形容词、副词（3点）
1). 几个形容词作定语的排序问题。
理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语，其排列顺序是：描绘形容词+大小(长短高低)形容词+形状形容词+年龄(新旧)形容词+颜色形容词+国籍形容词+材料形容词+用途(类别)形容词+名词。
例如：
This __ girl is Lind’s cousin. (2005北京)
A. pretty little Spanish
B. Spanish little pretty
C. Spanish pretty little
D. little pretty Spanish
2) . 绝不能忽略less、least及
worse, worst等表示“更少”、
“最少”、“更糟”、“最糟”等概念
的比较级和最高级的使用。例
如：
Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ___ of my friends.（2007上海）
more carefully B. the most carefully
C. less carefully D. the least carefully
3). cannot…too…无论……也不过分 / cannot…more…再……不过了。例如：
— Must I turn off the gas after cooking
— Of course . You can never be ___ careful with that. (2005江西)
enough B. too C. so D. very
— Go for a picnic this weekend, OK
— __. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not
C. I believe not D. I don’t think so
3. 代词(2点)
指代词指一种情况:
例如：
I’d appreciate __ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (2006山东)
A. that B. it C. this D. you
又如：
I hate __ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET1998)
A. it B. that C. these D. them
2). one、the one都可以作同位语。被说明的名词为特指时，同位语用the one，反之则用one。例如：
My most famous relative of all, ___ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great grandfather.（2006江苏）
one B. the one
C. he D. someone
4. 动词的时态（4点）
1). 时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如：
— __ leave at the end of this month.
— I don’t think you should do that until __ another job. (2006北京)
I’m going to; you’d found
B. I’m going to; you’ve found
C. I’ll; you’ll find
D. I’ll ; you’d find
2). 一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如：
I ___ in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.（2006重庆）
A. lived B. was living
C. have lived D. had lived
3). It is / was the first / second … time + 完成时。例如：
— Do you know our town at all
— No, this is the first time I ___ here. (NMET91)
was B. have been
C. came D. am coming
4). 表示思维的动词，如：think、
want、hope、plan、intend、
mean、suppose等可以用过去完
成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的
情况。例如：
— Ouch! You hurt me!
— I am sorry. But I __ any harm. I __ to drive a rat out.（2007江西）
didn’t mean; tried
B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried
D. didn’t mean; was trying
5. 情态动词（2点）
1). 表示猜测、推测：
● must用在肯定句中；
● can, could用在疑问句中；
● may, might, can, could用在肯定句或否定句中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜测，而can、could则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。
例如：
Helen __ go on the trip with us, but she
isn’t quite sure yet. （2005安徽）
shall B. must C. may D. can
又如：
— I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
— It __ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005广东)
has to be B. will be
C. mustn’t be D. could be
2). 表示埋怨、责怪：
● should (not) + have done
● ought (not) to + have done
● could + have done
● needn’t + have done
例如：
— My cat’s really fat.
— You __ have given her so much food.（2007浙江）
wouldn’t B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
6. 非谓语动词(7点)
1)非谓语动词的基本概念:
例如：
There have been several new
events __ to the program for
the 2008 Beijing Olympic
Games. (2006北京)
A. add B. to add
C. adding D. added
2)英汉结构的差异:
如：
Don't sit there __ e
and help me with this table.
（2006湖北)
A. do B. to do
C. doing D. and doing
3). 非谓语动词的时间差
● to do表示经常、将要或正在进行的动作，to be doing强调正在进行, to have done则表示已经发生的动作。
●doing表示经常或正在进行的动作，having done表示已经完成的动作。
●done表示已经完成的动作。
4)非谓语动词的辩义:
例如：
__ this cake, you'll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006广东)
A. Having made B. Make
C. To make D. Making
再如：
5)非谓语的时间差:
After he became conscious，he remembered __ and __on the head with a rod (2006江西)
A. to attack; hit
B．to be attacked；to be hit
C. attacking；be hit
D. having been attacked；hit
6). 独立主格结构
●独立主格结构的构成形式；
●独立主格结构的逻辑主语。
例如：
The children went home from the
grammar school, their lessons __ for the
day. （2007重庆）
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
又如：
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___, he gladly accepted it.（2007安徽）
A. finished B. finishing
C. having finished D. was finished
再如：
— Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.（2007福建）
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
7). 非谓语动词作状语为已知条件，在选择句子时，要考虑句子的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如：
Faced with a bill for $10,000, __. (2006全国II)
A. John has taken an extra job
B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken
D. an extra job has been given to John
8). 下列动词短语中的to为介词：object to be / get used to
be dedicated to（专注于）
be devoted to look forward to contribute to pay attention to
be adjusted to（适应于）
be adapted to（适合于）
get down to
stick to prefer … to
例如：
Isn’t it time you got down to __ the papers （2006重庆） A. mark B. be marked
C. being marked D. marking
9). 现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语的区别。例如：
He hurried to the booking office only ___
that all the tickets had been sold out. (2006全国II)
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
又如：
We often provide our children with toys,
footballs or basketballs, ___ that all
children like these things. (2006全国III)
thinking B. think
C. to think D. thought
10). need / want / require / deserve + doing / to be done
例如：
As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ___.（2007陕西）
A. need repairing
B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing
D. need to repair
7. 名词性从句与定语从句的辨析(4点)
1). what不能引导定语从句。例如：
You can only be sure of ___ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.（2007安徽）
A. that; what B. what; /
C. which; that D. /; that
2). as、which在引导非限定性定语从句时的异同点。例如：
The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ___ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006江苏）
A. who B. that C. as D. which
3). where可以引导地点状语从句。例如：
— Mom, what did your doctor say — He advised me to live ___ the air is fresher. (2006四川) A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where
又如：
If you are traveling ___ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.（2006天津）
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
4). 当先行词是situation、point、case时，定语从句由关系副词where引导。例如：
After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do.（2007江西）
A. that B. what C. which D. where
又如：
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.（2007陕西）
A. which B. as C. why D. where
8.动词及动词短语辨义: （江苏卷,2008）31. —I’m still working on my project. —Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______. A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out
Key: A
9.介词 例:（北京卷）33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door. A. for B. by C. across D. out
Key: B
10.连词 例:
(四川卷)12. In some places women are expected to earn money ____ men work at home and raise their children.
A. but B. while C. because D. though
Key: B
11.交际用语:
例:
（江苏卷,2008）26. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help. —That’s right. _______________. A. Many hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing C. The more the merrier
D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
Key: A
12. 句型（9个）
1. It is…that / who…
2. It is…before…
3. It is…since…
4. It’s the first / second… time…
5. It is not until…that …
6. It’s time …
7. 祈使句+or / otherwise+陈述句
8. 祈使句+and+陈述句
9. 表示“倍数”的常用句型：
A is …times as+原级+as B
A is … times + the +名词+of B
A is …times +比较级+ than B
1. 冠词（4点）
除复习冠词的基本用法外，其“例外”用法值得注意。
1). 表示“某一”的意思时，专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用a或an。例如：
On a Saturday morning he got lost in the mountain.
2). a / an + 名词 + 修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如：
Mrs. Taylor has __ 8-year-old daughter who has __ gift for painting — she has won two national prizes.（2005浙江）
a; a B. an; the
C. an; a D. the; a
又如：
For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living. (2006山东)
a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the
3). 在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指，完全看语境的暗示。例如：
— I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over __ keyboard.
— You shouldn’t put drinks near __ computer. (2006北京)
A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a
The stage 影员职业; go on the stage 从事影艺职业; on stage 在演出
4). music、nature、society前通常不用冠词，除非特指。例如：
I know you don’t like __ music very much. But what do you think of __ music in the film we saw yesterday (2006全国III)
/; / B. the; the
C. the; / D. /; the
2. 形容词、副词（3点）
1). 几个形容词作定语的排序问题。
理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语，其排列顺序是：描绘形容词+大小(长短高低)形容词+形状形容词+年龄(新旧)形容词+颜色形容词+国籍形容词+材料形容词+用途(类别)形容词+名词。
例如：
This __ girl is Lind’s cousin. (2005北京)
A. pretty little Spanish
B. Spanish little pretty
C. Spanish pretty little
D. little pretty Spanish
2) . 绝不能忽略less、least及
worse, worst等表示“更少”、
“最少”、“更糟”、“最糟”等概念
的比较级和最高级的使用。例
如：
Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ___ of my friends.（2007上海）
more carefully B. the most carefully
C. less carefully D. the least carefully
3). cannot…too…无论……也不过分 / cannot…more…再……不过了。例如：
— Must I turn off the gas after cooking
— Of course . You can never be ___ careful with that. (2005江西)
enough B. too C. so D. very
— Go for a picnic this weekend, OK
— __. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not
C. I believe not D. I don’t think so
3. 代词(2点)
指代词指一种情况:
例如：
I’d appreciate __ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (2006山东)
A. that B. it C. this D. you
又如：
I hate __ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET1998)
A. it B. that C. these D. them
2). one、the one都可以作同位语。被说明的名词为特指时，同位语用the one，反之则用one。例如：
My most famous relative of all, ___ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great grandfather.（2006江苏）
one B. the one
C. he D. someone
4. 动词的时态（4点）
1). 时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如：
— __ leave at the end of this month.
— I don’t think you should do that until __ another job. (2006北京)
I’m going to; you’d found
B. I’m going to; you’ve found
C. I’ll; you’ll find
D. I’ll ; you’d find
2). 一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如：
I ___ in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.（2006重庆）
A. lived B. was living
C. have lived D. had lived
3). It is / was the first / second … time + 完成时。例如：
— Do you know our town at all
— No, this is the first time I ___ here. (NMET91)
was B. have been
C. came D. am coming
4). 表示思维的动词，如：think、
want、hope、plan、intend、
mean、suppose等可以用过去完
成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的
情况。例如：
— Ouch! You hurt me!
— I am sorry. But I __ any harm. I __ to drive a rat out.（2007江西）
didn’t mean; tried
B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried
D. didn’t mean; was trying
5. 情态动词（2点）
1). 表示猜测、推测：
● must用在肯定句中；
● can, could用在疑问句中；
● may, might, can, could用在肯定句或否定句中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜测，而can、could则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。
例如：
Helen __ go on the trip with us, but she
isn’t quite sure yet. （2005安徽）
shall B. must C. may D. can
又如：
— I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
— It __ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005广东)
has to be B. will be
C. mustn’t be D. could be
2). 表示埋怨、责怪：
● should (not) + have done
● ought (not) to + have done
● could + have done
● needn’t + have done
例如：
— My cat’s really fat.
— You __ have given her so much food.（2007浙江）
wouldn’t B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
6. 非谓语动词(7点)
1)非谓语动词的基本概念:
例如：
There have been several new
events __ to the program for
the 2008 Beijing Olympic
Games. (2006北京)
A. add B. to add
C. adding D. added
2)英汉结构的差异:
如：
Don't sit there __ e
and help me with this table.
（2006湖北)
A. do B. to do
C. doing D. and doing
3). 非谓语动词的时间差
● to do表示经常、将要或正在进行的动作，to be doing强调正在进行, to have done则表示已经发生的动作。
●doing表示经常或正在进行的动作，having done表示已经完成的动作。
●done表示已经完成的动作。
4)非谓语动词的辩义:
例如：
__ this cake, you'll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006广东)
A. Having made B. Make
C. To make D. Making
再如：
5)非谓语的时间差:
After he became conscious，he remembered __ and __on the head with a rod (2006江西)
A. to attack; hit
B．to be attacked；to be hit
C. attacking；be hit
D. having been attacked；hit
6). 独立主格结构
●独立主格结构的构成形式；
●独立主格结构的逻辑主语。
例如：
The children went home from the
grammar school, their lessons __ for the
day. （2007重庆）
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
又如：
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___, he gladly accepted it.（2007安徽）
A. finished B. finishing
C. having finished D. was finished
再如：
— Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.（2007福建）
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
7). 非谓语动词作状语为已知条件，在选择句子时，要考虑句子的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如：
Faced with a bill for $10,000, __. (2006全国II)
A. John has taken an extra job
B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken
D. an extra job has been given to John
8). 下列动词短语中的to为介词：object to be / get used to
be dedicated to（专注于）
be devoted to look forward to contribute to pay attention to
be adjusted to（适应于）
be adapted to（适合于）
get down to
stick to prefer … to
例如：
Isn’t it time you got down to __ the papers （2006重庆） A. mark B. be marked
C. being marked D. marking
9). 现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语的区别。例如：
He hurried to the booking office only ___
that all the tickets had been sold out. (2006全国II)
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
又如：
We often provide our children with toys,
footballs or basketballs, ___ that all
children like these things. (2006全国III)
thinking B. think
C. to think D. thought
10). need / want / require / deserve + doing / to be done
例如：
As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ___.（2007陕西）
A. need repairing
B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing
D. need to repair
7. 名词性从句与定语从句的辨析(4点)
1). what不能引导定语从句。例如：
You can only be sure of ___ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.（2007安徽）
A. that; what B. what; /
C. which; that D. /; that
2). as、which在引导非限定性定语从句时的异同点。例如：
The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ___ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006江苏）
A. who B. that C. as D. which
3). where可以引导地点状语从句。例如：
— Mom, what did your doctor say — He advised me to live ___ the air is fresher. (2006四川) A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where
又如：
If you are traveling ___ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.（2006天津）
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
4). 当先行词是situation、point、case时，定语从句由关系副词where引导。例如：
After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do.（2007江西）
A. that B. what C. which D. where
又如：
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.（2007陕西）
A. which B. as C. why D. where
8.动词及动词短语辨义: （江苏卷,2008）31. —I’m still working on my project. —Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______. A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out
Key: A
9.介词 例:（北京卷）33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door. A. for B. by C. across D. out
Key: B
10.连词 例:
(四川卷)12. In some places women are expected to earn money ____ men work at home and raise their children.
A. but B. while C. because D. though
Key: B
11.交际用语:
例:
（江苏卷,2008）26. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help. —That’s right. _______________. A. Many hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing C. The more the merrier
D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
Key: A
12. 句型（9个）
1. It is…that / who…
2. It is…before…
3. It is…since…
4. It’s the first / second… time…
5. It is not until…that …
6. It’s time …
7. 祈使句+or / otherwise+陈述句
8. 祈使句+and+陈述句
9. 表示“倍数”的常用句型：
A is …times as+原级+as B
A is … times + the +名词+of B
A is …times +比较级+ than B