Unit1 Great Scientists-using language 课件 (共28张PPT)

Unit 1 Using language
Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory
Nicolaus Copernicus
born: in Poland in 1473
died : May 24, 1543
He was one of the first
scientists to use
mathematical observations
to collect information.
He believed the sun is the
center of the universe
and the earth and other
planets went around it.
or
？
Which is the center of the solar system?
Before Copernicus’ theory Copernicus’ theory
Sun
earth
earth

Sun
Draw the two theory of the universe
Main idea of each paragraph
the background of Copernicus’ study
the cause of Copernicus’ study
the procedure(过程) of Copernicus’ study
the result of Copernicus’ study
para 1
para 2
para 3
para 4
para 5
Copernicus’ theory replaced the Christian idea and proved correct.
Careful reading
Read the text carefully, then answer these questions.
Because the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.
2. What was his theory about? (Para 1)
All his mathematical calculations led to the
same conclusion: that the earth was not the
centre of the solar system. Only if you put
the sun there did the movements of the other
planets in the sky make sense.
Why would he not tell about his theory? (Para 1)
3. What had the astronomers noticed in
the sky? (Para 2)
They had noticed that some planets in the sky
seemed to stop, move backward and then go
forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter
at times and less bright at others.
4. When did Copernicus complete his
theory? (Para 3)
Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it,
gradually improving his theory until he
felt it was complete.
Summary
Copernicus was _________ because he found the
earth was not the centre of the solar ________.
Only if you put the sun there did the ___________
of the other planets in the sky ___________. He
kept improving his new theory until he felt it
was __________ in 1514. He suggested that the
earth was _________ as it went round the sun.
confused
system
movements
make sense .
complete
spinning
His friends were ___________ and encouraged
him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus
was ________ he didn’t want to be_________
by Christian Church. In fact, he was right.
The Church _________ his theory, saying it
was against God’s idea.
enthusiastic
cautious
attacked
rejected
contribute
1. contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes ___ the homeless people.
Eating too much fat can ______________ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some ____________ to the class.
【我的笔记】
1.contribute ___ 　有助于；促使；导致
contribute ... to ... 向…捐献/捐赠/投稿…
2.contribution n. 贡献；捐款
make _______________________________to (doing) sth. 对…作出贡献
3.表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有:
____________________________ 等。
contribute to
to
contributions
a contribution/contributions
cause, lead to, result in
to
apart from 除…之外;此外
1)Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant’s stomach, the forest was silent._______
除了从大象的肚子偶尔传来声音,森林里非常寂静。
2)Apart from that, there were all sorts of disasters. _____________
除此之外,还有各种各样的灾难。
apart from
既可表示besides的含义，也可表示except(for)含义
besides
“除了…之外还有…”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于in addition to/as well as
except(for)
“除…之外”,除去的东西不包括在范围内
我的笔记：
except
besides
1.This sentence he has made doesn’t make sense.
＝This sentence he has made_____________ .
2.We read through the poem, but could not ______________it.
3. What you say is true _____________.
4.In no sense____________________; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
你决不应该灰心丧气。继续尝试，你迟早会成功的。
6. ________________ in getting upset about it now.
2. make sense讲得通；有意义
make ___ sense　　没道理；没意义
make sense of ___________
__ a sense 从某种意义上来说
in no sense _______________________________
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理/意义
【我的笔记】
in a sense
There is no sense
makes no sense
make sense of
should you lose heart
no
理解；弄懂
决不;决非(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
in
1.I’m sure it will appeal to you, for you’ve been enthusiastic ______ sports.
2.She’s very enthusiastic ________(read) the novels written by Mo Yan.
3.Although she’s a beginner, she played with great _____________ (enthusiastic)．
【我的笔记】
3. enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
1.be enthusiastic ________　　对…有热情
2.be enthusiastic___________ . 非常喜欢做某事
3.____________ n. 热情；热心
_____enthusiasm = enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地
about
to read
enthusiasm
about
to do sth
enthusiasm
with
4. cautious adj 小心的；谨慎的 caution n 小心；谨慎
be cautious__________ ... 对 …小心/谨慎
______caution＝cautiously adv.小心地, 谨慎地
【我的笔记】
①He is usually cautious _______ his work.
他通常对他的工作持谨慎态度。
②You should cross a busy street ______ caution.
＝You should cross a busy street ________ (cautious).
穿过一条繁忙的马路时要小心谨慎。
about
with
cautiously
of/about
with
5.reject vt.拒绝(雇用、录取等)；不接受(提议、建议等)；抛弃；(因质量不好而)废弃 rejection n.
写出下列句中reject的含义
①They rejected his application for membership.
②It is hard for me to reject religious beliefs.
③He rejected the suggestions his friends had given.
[辨析比较]　reject, refuse
④He kept silent and ________to answer my question.
⑤I have been ________ by all the universities I applied to.

拒绝
抛弃
不接受
refused
rejected
【我的笔记】
reject 常用于正式场合，reject sth
refuse普通用词，refuse (sb )sth ,refuse to do sth
6.用arise, rise,raise的正确形式完成句子
1. What he said ______ my curiosity.
2. She ______ early in the morning.
3. She ______ her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.
4. A new difficulty has ______ .
arose
rose
raises
arisen
raise vt. raised raised 举起，提高，引起
rise vi. rose risen 上升，起立，升起
arise vi. arose arisen 产生，引起
【我的笔记】
1. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
only if 只要...,只有... 位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
Eg. 只有用这种方式工作，你才能够成功。
Only if you work in this way will you be able to succeed.
回顾：Only + 状语置于句首，主句谓语用部分倒装。
Only in this way can you learn English well.
Only if you keep a healthy diet __________keep fit.
Only after Mary read her composition a second time ____________________the spelling mistake.
can you
did she notice
拓展： If only + 句子。 “要是...该多好啊！” 用来表示一个不可能实现的愿望或假设，句子要用虚拟语气。
Eg. If only you had told me earlier.
2. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it，
gradually improving his theory until he felt it
was complete.
现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语
Tony lent me the money, ________ (hope) that I
would do as much as possible for him.
Do you wake up every morning _______ (feel)
energetic and ready to start a new day?
hoping
feeling
3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.
他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上, 而行星
则围绕着太阳转, 只有月球仍然绕着地球转。
with的复合结构: with＋n./pron.＋介词短语/形容词/副词/不定式/现在分词/过去分词
(1) With + n./pron.+介词短语
He sat there with a smile on his face.
(2) With + n./pron.+副词
With Mr. Smith away, we’ve got more room.
(3) With + n./pron. +不定式
With so much work to do, he could not go home.
(4) With + n./pron. +现在分词
The street was quiet with no buses running.
(5) With + n./pron. +过去分词
In came a man with his hands tied back.
(6) With + n./pron.+形容词
He wore a shirt, with the neck open, showing
his bare chest.
1.John received an invitation to dinner, and with
his work ________ (finish), he gladly accepted it.
2.With a lot of work _______ (do), he was not
allowed to go out.
3.The girl felt very safe with her mother _______
(stand) behind her.
finished
to do
standing
运用with的复合结构翻译以下句子:
4. 开着窗户，他离开了教室。
He left the classroom ______________________________.
5. 灯开着，他睡着了。
He fell asleep _____________________________.
6. 她躺在草地上，眼睛望向天空。
She lay on the grass _______________________________.
with the windows open
with the lights on
with her eyes looking at the sky
4.Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.
"介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.I wish to thank Professor Smith, __________
help I would never have got this far.
2.The reason _______ he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.
3.The film _________ he played the leading role was a great success.
4.The house _________ he paid 200, 000 yuan
is now worth 350, 000 yuan.
5.The man ___________ I get a letter was a great success.
without whom
for which
in which
for which
from which