语法情态动词及虚拟语气 复习导学案

语法复习导学案(五)—-情态动词及虚拟语气
编制：杨玲 文建玲 张宝泉 审核:文建玲 审批： 2011-10-11
【学习目标】
1. Master the grammar rules and important points about the Modal verbs and
Subjunctive Mood; promote your ability to solve problems
2. Learn to analyze and solve problems by self-study and cooperation.
3. Set up your confidence of conquering grammar and experience the pleasure.
【使用说明】
1.借助导学案问题设计自己归纳情态动词及虚拟语气的语法规则,并标出疑难点。
2.用时25分钟左右，完成课前预习部分并思考合作探究题目。
3.认真书写，独立完成。
课前预习案
要求：25分钟之内完成预习案题目，核对答案，并积极动脑思考归纳情态动词及虚拟语气的用法和考点，标出疑惑点。
Ⅰ.情态动词考点归纳：
考点清单一：情态动词基本含义的考查 一. 情态动词can，could的用法：
1. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You _____ find the book by the title. （湖南卷）
A. must B. need C. can D. would
2.The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ________. （2011 四川卷） .
A. can B. may C. must D. should
3 .-----No one________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
------Oh, you are really his big fan. （2011 湖南卷）
A .can B. need C. must D. might
4.－Ｈow’s your new babysitter
－We____ ask for a better one .All our kids love her so much. （2011 浙江卷）A. should B. might C. mustn't D. couldn't
5. 1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______ get out.
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 6. One of the few things you __ _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. （09北京）
A. need B. must C. should D. can
7. If it were not for the fact that she_______ sing, I would invite her to the party.（2006福建卷）
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
8. Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.（08辽宁）
A. shall B. should C. can D. must
9. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony
A. can B. should C. may D. must
思考：can的用法：___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
can与be able to的区别：___________________________________________
二.情态动词may/might的用法：
1. Liza _________ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling. (全国II)
A. will B. can C. must D. may
2. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________ not like the design of the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
3.—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him
—Don’t worry. He______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. （2011 北京卷）
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
4. ----May I take this book out of the reading room
-----No, you ________. You read it in here.（10陕西）
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
思考：may/might well do:________________; may/might as well do___________
may/might not:________________ ；如何对may问句进行肯定及否定回答？_____________________________________________________________________
三. 情态动词must的用法：
1. If you ________ go, at least wait until the storm is over.（2011 辽宁卷）
A. can B. may C. must D. will
2. You _______park here! It’s an emergency exit. (10重庆)
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
3.——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now
——I am afraid you______, in case he comes late for the meeting . (2011福建卷,25)
A. will B. must C. may D. can
4. John, look at the time.________you play the piano at such a late hour (05全国)
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need
5. You_______ a gift, but you can if you want to. (10湖南).
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to
思考：must的主要用法：______________________________________________
mustn’t:_________; mus与have to有何区别 __________________________
四.情态动词shall的用法
1.——Will you read me a story ,Mummy
—OK. You________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. (2011陕西卷,24)
A. might B. must C. could D. shall
2.—What does the sign over there read
—“No person_____ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”(07四川)
A. will B. may C. shall D. must
3.— What’s the name
— Khulaifi. _____I spell that for you (06北京)
A. Shall B. Would C. Can 4.D. Might
4.“The interest_____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
思考：shall 的重点用法有哪些？________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
五.情态动词should的用法
1. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets There________ be twelve. (09海南)
A. should B. would C. will D. shall
2. This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. ( 09天津）
A. would B. should C. could D. might
3. You can’t imagine that such a well behaved man ________be so rude to a lady.
A. could B. should C. may D. would
4. The doctor recommended that you_______swim after eating a large meal. (2009全国卷I )
A .wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
思考：should的重点用法：______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
六. 情态动词need的用法
1. —What sort of house do you want to have Something big
—Well, it be big----that’s not important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
2.
思考：need作为情态动词和实意动词有何区别？___________________________
_____________________________________________________________________ 考点清单二：情态动词表示推测的考查
1.——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _____ it.(2011江苏卷)
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
2. Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong---willed man. (10安徽)
A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been
3.—I’m sorry. I______ at you the other day. (08江苏)
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted
4. You_______ be hungry already— you had lunch only two hours ago! (08浙江)
A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
5. She_________ have left school, for her bike is still here. (08天津)
A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
6. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he________ it differently. (09江苏)
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
7.—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is
—She_____ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. (09重庆)
A. shall be B. should have been
C. must be D. might have been
8. It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. (09上海)
A. may B. can C. must D. should
9. Mark______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. (10天津)
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
思考：情态动词表推测的具体用法：______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
II. 虚拟语气考点透析
考点清单一：虚拟语气的基本用法
1. If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party. (2006年福建卷）
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
2. If he__________ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. (10湖南)
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
3. If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (10陕西)
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
4.（2005年湖北卷）If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to 思考：虚拟语气有哪三种情况？不同情况虚拟条件句和主句中的谓语动词是什么 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考点清单二：含蓄虚拟条件句
1. I__________ through that bitter period without your generous help. (2011陕西卷,22)
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone
2. We _____John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. (2011江西卷28)
A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put
3. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he ___________. (10安徽)
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy
4. They_________ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go. (07山东)
A. had got B. got C. have got D. get
5. He ___________ (be)tired, or he would have attended the party.
6. If it were not for your help, we _____________________ a happy life today.
If it had not been for your timely help, I _____________________(fail) the exam.
思考：含蓄虚拟条件句有何表现形式？__________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点清单三：错综时间虚拟条件句
1. Maybe if I__________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
2. If he_________ insisted that he______ to work there then, everything would be ok now.
A. insisted; be sent B. insisted; was sent
C. had insisted; be sent D. had insisted, was sent
3. It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. （2002年上海卷）
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
思考：什么是错综时间虚拟条件句？______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
考点清单四：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1.—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？
—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to. （2005年江苏卷）
A. will not be sent；that B. not be sent；that
C. should not be sent；what D. should not send；what
2. Teachers recommend parents_______ their children under12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. (2010福建)
A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow
思考：名词性从句中虚拟语气的条件是什么？_____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点清单五：wish/if only/would rather/as if/It’s time that从句中的虚拟语气
1. Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！
A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow
2.——Where are the children The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
——I wish they________ always late. （2011北京卷）
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
3. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it__________ yesterday. (06全国Ⅰ)
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. (10江苏)
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
5. It’s time that we____________________________. (是我们睡觉的时间了)
思考：wish/if only/would rather/as if/It’s time that从句中的虚拟语气分别是如何体现的？______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点清单六：虚拟语气中的倒装
1. _______fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（2006 湖北）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
2. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy. (10浙江) .
A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved
思考：虚拟语气中倒装的条件是什么？___________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
课内探究
要求：根据预习学案问题的设计，在小组交流展示的基础上，归纳总结情态动词及虚拟语气的疑难考点。
Ⅰ归纳总结：
Ⅱ.高考疑难点
虚拟语气在高考中的考查重点：
1.虚拟条件句的基本结构及其用法
2.虚拟语气的活用:①时间错综虚拟结构 ②省略if的虚拟结构 ③并列连词或副词暗示的虚拟结构 ④介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构 ⑤as if / as though方式状语从句中的虚拟语气
⑥名词性从句中的虚拟语气 ⑦分词短语暗示的虚拟结构 ⑧上下文语境中的虚拟结构
Ⅲ情系高考：
能力提升
要求：在掌握非谓语动词的用法和考点的基础上，熟练运用非谓语动词。
1. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you. （2008年山东卷）
A. can manage B. could have managed C. could managed D. can have managed 2.________fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (06湖北)
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be