初中英语被动语态课件（共26张PPT）

被动语态之我见
语态的定义 谓语除了注意时态以外，语态也是谓语的必要形式。在英语的句子运用中，谓语的时态和语态是共同构成了谓语的形态。 语态是表示主语与谓语的关系。 语态包括：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：主语是动词的执行者，或者说动作是主语的完成者。 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的。
考情分析
中考对语态的考查侧重于以下几个方面：
①主动语态和被动语态的选择，含动词各种时态的被动语态形式，
②被动语态后的动词形式，
③主动意义表示被动意义的常见结构等等。
时态与语态结构
在改写中应注意：
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;
2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;
3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
典型题例
例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。
We clean our classroom every day.
Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
情型1：一般现在时的被动语态
am/are/is + 过去分词
People play football all over the world.
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
Football all over the world
.
We this term.
is played
by people
are taught (by Mr. Green)
They play football on Sunday. ______________________________________ They often use computers in class. ______________________________________ We make these machines in Beijing.
情型2
was/were + 过去分词
4. People built the Great Wall long ago.
5. Two years ago we used the machines
to make shoes for children.
The Great Wall
long ago.
Two years ago those machines
shoes
for children.

was built (by people)
were used (by us) to make
They built the tall building last year. __________________________________ He took good care of his brother yesterday.
__________________________________ We cleaned our classroom just now. __________________________________ .They used the rooms for resting.
情型3：一般将来时的被动语态
will / be going to + be + 过去分词
6. We will write a diary next class.
7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.
A diary
next class.
A birthday party
.

will be written (by us)
is going to held by Tom
We will hold a sports meeting next week. ____________________________ Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. ____________________________ The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon. ____________________________________________
情型4：情态动词的被动语态
must/have to/can等 + be + 过去分词
8. You must throw the broken pottery
away at once.
9. We have to finish our homework on time.
The broken pottery
at once.
Our homework
.

must be thrown away (by you)
has to be finished (by us) on time
He can take care of the baby. ________________________________ Lucy may draw the pictures. ________________________________ You must turn off the lights. ________________________________ They should learn English well. ________________________________________
has /have +been done
Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.

情型5情型5：5现在完成时的被动语态5情型
We have finished our compositions.
_________________________
We have made a key．
________________________
She has lost her house.
______________________
My classmates have cleaned the library
——————————————————
思考1：将下列的主动句变为被动语态：
10．We gave him some books.
→He .
→Some books .
was given some books (by us)
were given to him (by us)
情型 5：
带有双宾语（宾语既有人又有物）的被动结构是:
（1）将间接宾语(人)变为主语，直接宾语(物)不变。
（2）将直接宾语(物)变为主语，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.
思 考 2：
12．I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning.
She
in the morning.
13．He makes her horse work all day.
Her horse all day.
14. My father let me go out for a picnic.
I out for a picnic.
is usually heard to sing Englishsongs

was let to go
is made to work
情型 6：
一些特殊结构的被动结构:
（1）感觉动词(hear, see等)改被动语态
（2）使役动词(let, make等)改被动语态
如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接
宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动
语态时要加上“to” 。如：
I saw him fall off the tree.
→He was seen to fall off the tree.
主动形式表被动意义
1.There be … to do 和It is…to do 结构中不定时作定语，通常用主动形式表被动意义
There are many clothes to wash today
2.表感觉和变化的系动词如feel，look，smell，sound，taste，turn，get等用主动形式表被动意义The dish smells nice.
3.too….to do 的结构中，用不定式的主动形式表被动意义The text is too difficult to understand.
4.Be worth doing的结构中，用动名词的主动形式表被动意The book is worth reading.
5.部分动词sell，write，ride 后面接well 或badly 时，用主动形式表被动意义
This kind of books sells well.
Practice
一、单项选择：
1. Only thirty-eight ideas by the
newspaper.
A. choose B. chose
C. was chosen D. were chosen
2. As usual, Meihua at 6:30 this
morning by her mother to get ready for
school.
A. has woken up B. woke up
C. wakes up D. was woken up
D
D
3．A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It while we were on holiday.
A. was taken care B. took care of
C. is taken care of D. was taken care of
4. At the end of the meeting Miss
Green two minutes to decide whether she should join the project or not.
A.gave B. had given
C. was given D. was giving
D
B
二、请把下面句子改为被动语态
1. They showed Jack carefully how to use it.
→Jack carefully
how to use it.
2. Beijing will hold the sports meeting in 2025.
→the sports meeting
in 2025.
was showed
will be held byBeijing

3. Miss Deng teaches us English.
→ .
→ .
4. They saw the boy play basketball at 3:00 yesterday.
→The boy _________________ yesterday.
5. We should make our country become more and more beautiful.
→ Our country
more and more beautiful.

We are taught English by Miss Deng
was seen to play basketball
English is taught to us by Miss Deng
should be made to became
Thank You !