(共54张PPT)
Section
Ⅰ Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas课时作业(六) Unit
2
Section
Ⅲ Using
language
&
Developing
ideas
阅读理解
A
My
First
Marathon(马拉松)
A
month
before
my
first
marathon,
one
of
my
ankles
was
injured
and
this
meant
not
running
for
two
weeks,
leaving
me
only
two
weeks
to
train.
Yet,
I
was
determined
to
go
ahead.
I
remember
back
to
my
7th
year
in
school.
In
my
first
P．E.
class,
the
teacher
required
us
to
run
laps
and
then
hit
a
softball.
I
didn't
do
either
well.
He
later
informed
me
that
I
was“not
athletic”．
The
idea
that
I
was
“not
athletic”
stuck
with
me
for
years.
When
I
started
running
in
my
30s,
I
realized
running
was
a
battle
against
myself,
not
about
competition
or
whether
or
not
I
was
athletic.
It
was
all
about
the
battle
against
my
own
body
and
mind.
A
test
of
wills!
The
night
before
my
marathon,
I
dreamt
that
I
couldn't
even
find
the
finish
line.
I
woke
up
sweating
and
nervous,
but
ready
to
prove
something
to
myself.
Shortly
after
crossing
the
start
line,
my
shoe
laces
(鞋带)
became
untied.
So
I
stopped
to
readjust.
Not
the
start
I
wanted!
At
mile
3,
I
passed
a
sign:
“GO
FOR
IT,
RUNNERS！”
By
mile
17,
I
became
out
of
breath
and
the
once
injured
ankle
hurt
badly.
Despite
the
pain,
I
stayed
the
course
walking
a
bit
and
then
running
again.
By
mile
21,
I
was
starving!
As
I
approached
mile
23,
I
could
see
my
wife
waving
a
sign.
She
is
my
biggest
fan.
She
never
minded
the
alarm
clock
sounding
at
4
a．m.
or
questioned
my
expenses
on
running.
I
was
one
of
the
final
runners
to
finish.
But
I
finished!
And
I
got
a
medal.
In
fact,
I
got
the
same
medal
as
the
one
that
the
guy
who
came
in
first
place
had.
Determined
to
be
myself,
move
forward,
free
of
shame
and
worldly
labels
(世俗标签),
I
can
now
call
myself
a
“marathon
winner”．
1．A
month
before
the
marathon,
the
author
________.
A．was
well
trained
B．felt
scared
C．made
up
his
mind
to
run
D．lost
hope
2．Why
did
the
author
mention
the
P．E.
class
in
his
7th
year?
A．To
acknowledge
the
support
of
his
teacher.
B．To
amuse
the
readers
with
a
funny
story.
C．To
show
he
was
not
talented
in
sports.
D．To
share
a
precious
memory.
3．How
was
the
author's
first
marathon?
A．He
made
it.
B．He
quit
halfway.
C．He
got
the
first
prize.
D．He
walked
to
the
end.
4．What
does
the
story
mainly
tell
us?
A．A
man
owes
his
success
to
his
family
support.
B．A
winner
is
one
with
a
great
effort
of
will.
C．Failure
is
the
mother
of
success.
D．One
is
never
too
old
to
learn.
B
The
tons
of
plastic
we're
dumping
in
the
ocean
is
finding
a
new
home—the
stomachs
of
our
beautiful
marine
animals.
Yet
another
reminder
of
this
fact
washed
ashore
in
Eastern
Indonesia
this
week.
A
large
amount
of
waste,
including
drinking
cups
and
flip?flops,
was
found
in
the
stomach
of
a
whale
that
died
off
the
coast
near
Kapota
Island.
The
9.5?metre
sperm
whale
(抹香鲸)
was
found
by
rescuers
from
the
Wakatobi
National
Park.
The
whale
had
swallowed
about
5.9
kilograms
of
plastic
waste
containing
115
plastic
cups,
four
plastic
bottles,
25
plastic
bags,
and
more
than
1,000
other
kinds
of
pieces
of
plastic,
park
chief
Heri
Santoso
told
the
reporter.
“Although
we
have
not
been
able
to
deduce
the
cause
of
death,
the
facts
that
we
see
are
truly
awful，”
said
Dwi
Suprapti,
a
marine
species
conservation
coordinator
at
WWF
Indonesia.
She
said
it
was
not
possible
to
determine
if
the
plastic
had
caused
the
whale's
death
because
of
the
animal's
advanced
state
of
decay
(腐烂).
But
this
is
only
the
latest.
Four
Asian
nations—Indonesia,
the
Philippines,
Vietnam
and
Thailand—account
for
50%
of
the
plastic
waste
in
the
ocean,
according
to
a
report
by
environmental
campaigner
Ocean
Conservancy
and
the
McKinsey
Center
for
Business
and
Environment.
The
Philippines
is
second
only
to
Indonesia
when
it
comes
to
putting
away
plastic
waste
in
the
ocean,
according
to
a
study
published
in
the
journal
Science
in
January.
Of
the
3.2
million
mismanaged
waste
it
produces
every
year,
1.29
million
ends
up
in
the
ocean.
A
report
released
earlier
this
year
stated
that
the
amount
of
plastic
in
the
ocean
is
likely
to
increase.
5．What
can
we
know
about
the
sperm
whale?
A．Its
stomach
is
the
home
of
plastic
waste.
B．It
died
of
swallowing
lots
of
plastic
waste.
C．It
was
the
first
whale
to
eat
plastic
waste.
D．It
had
eaten
much
plastic
waste
before
its
death.
6．Which
can
best
replace
the
underlined
word
“deduce”
in
Paragraph
3?
A．Confirm.
B．Reduce.
C．Approve.
D．Contain.
7．Which
country
dumps
the
most
plastic
waste
into
the
ocean?
A．Thailand.
B．Indonesia.
C．Vietnam.
D．The
Philippines.
8．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A．The
Philippines
puts
away
1.29
million
tons
of
plastic.
B．A
sperm
whale
was
found
dead
near
Kapota
Island.
C．Much
dumped
plastic
waste
was
found
in
a
dead
whale.
D．We
should
take
measures
to
reduce
the
waste
in
whales.
C
Andrew
Grey
doesn't
fit
most
people's
idea
of
an
astronomer.
He
works
in
a
car
repair
shop,
not
in
a
lab
or
university,
yet
the
Australian
repairman
discovered
a
star
system
hiding
in
data
from
NASA's
Kepler
space
telescope.
Mr
Grey
is
one
of
millions
of
citizen
scientists
helping
researchers
to
expand
collective
understanding.
For
centuries,
only
a
few
ordinary
people
had
been
contributing
to
science,
but
advances
in
technology
have
brought
a
higher
level
of
democratization
(民主化)
to
science.
“This
is
a
collaborative
(合作的)
effort
that
anyone
could
get
involved
in，”
says
Lintott,
an
Oxford
University
astrophysicist
and
co?founder
of
Zooniverse,
a
platform
that
hosts
dozens
of
citizen
science
projects.
Citizen
scientists
can
contribute
to
breakthroughs
in
almost
any
field
from
ecology
to
astrophysics.
“As
long
as
pattern
recognition
is
involved,
there
are
no
limits
to
what
can
become
a
citizen
science
project，”
Lintott
says.
Anyone
can
identify
patterns
in
images,
graphs,
or
even
seemingly
boring
data
after
a
short
tutorial
(辅导课).
Machine
learning
allows
computers
to
do
some
pattern
recognition.
But
humans,
particularly
amateur
scientists,
don't
stay
focus
on
what
they're
supposed
to.
And
that's
good,
because
people
who
do
that
notice
the
unusual
things
in
a
data
set.
“And
citizen
science
doesn't
have
to
be
directed
by
a
scientist，”
says
Sheila
Jasanoff,
director
of
the
Program
on
Science,
Technology
and
Society
at
Harvard
University.
“Citizens
producing
knowledge
in
places
where
official
organs
have
failed
them
can
also
be
citizen
scientists，”
she
says.
That's
what
happened
in
Flint,
Michigan,
when
a
local
mother
started
drinking
water
tests
that
caused
a
broader
investigation
of
lead
levels.
Citizen?powered
research
is
as
old
as
scientific
inquiry.
For
centuries
before
science
became
professionalized,
regular
people
looked
for
patterns
in
the
world
around
them.
Despite
a
lot
of
advanced
equipment
and
computer
models,
scientists
still
welcome
help
from
ordinary
people.
As
a
professional
scientist
himself.
Lintott
says,
“People
think
that
we're
intelligent,
but
science
is
easy
and
we
need
their
help.”
9．What
made
citizen
scientists
appear?
A．The
high
level
of
science
projects.
B．The
development
of
technology.
C．The
support
of
the
government.
D．The
foundation
of
Zooniverse.
10．What
is
an
advantage
of
humans
in
pattern
recognition
compared
with
machines?
A．Humans
can
identify
patterns
more
swiftly.
B．Hunmans
focus
their
attention
on
data.
C．Humans
can
observe
uncommon
things.
D．Humans
have
stronger
emotions.
11．What
is
Lintott's
attitude
towards
citizen
seience?
A．Favourable.
B．Cautious.
C．Indifferent.
D．Doubtful.
12．What
would
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A．Citizen
Scientists
Can
Be
Intelligent
B．Science
Is
Important
to
Everyone
C．Anyone
Can
Be
a
Scientist
D．Science
is
Everywhere
课时作业(六)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】
本文为记叙文。“我”虽然没有运动天赋，但是通过坚持不懈的努力，“我”最终完成了自己的第一次马拉松。
1．答案与解析：C
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet,
I
was
determined
to
go
ahead.可知，“我”虽然脚踝受伤，但还是决定去参加马拉松。
2．答案与解析：C
推理判断题。体育课上老师对“我”的评价是not
athletic，这从侧面证明了“我”不具备运动天赋，故选择C项。
3．答案与解析：A
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段前两句I
was
one
of
the
final
runners
to
finish.
But
I
finished！可知，“我”完成了第一次马拉松，故选择A项。
4．答案与解析：B
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段Determined
to
be
myself,
move
forward,
free
of
shame
and
wordly
labels,
I
can
now
call
myself
a“marathon
winner”．可知，这篇文章主要想告诉读者胜利者要具备挑战自我的精神和坚强的意志，故选择B项。
B
【语篇解读】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在一头死鲸的胃里发现了大量倾倒的塑料垃圾。
5．答案与解析：D
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
whale
had
swallowed
about
5.9
kilograms
of
plastic
waste
containing
115
plastic
cups,
four
plastic
bottles...the
reporter”可知，这头抹香鲸在死前，吞食了很多塑料垃圾。故选D。
6．答案与解析：A
词义猜测题。根据下文中的“She
said
it
was
not
possible
to
determine
if
the
plastic
had
caused
the
whale's
death
because
of
the
animal's
advanced
state
of
decay
(腐烂)”可知，无法确定塑料是否是导致这头鲸死亡的原因，因为它的腐烂已经到了晚期。由此推断出，“Although
we
have
not
been
able
to
deduce
the
cause
of
death,
the
facts
that
we
see
are
truly
awful”的意思是虽然我们还不能证实抹香鲸死亡的原因，但我们看到的事实确实很可怕。“deduce”的意思是“证实”。故选A。
7．答案与解析：B
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The
Philippines
is
second
only
to
Indonesia
when
it
comes
to
putting
away
plastic
waste
in
the
ocean,
according
to
a
study
published
in
the
journal
Science
in
January”可知，印度尼西亚向海洋倾倒的塑料垃圾最多，菲律宾次之。故选B。
8．答案与解析：C
主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲了在一头死鲸胃里，发现了大量倾倒的塑料垃圾。故选C。
C
【语篇解读】
本文简述了科技的进步已经为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，科学是任何人都能参与的，每个人都有可能成为科学家。
9．答案与解析：B
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“only
a
few
ordinary
people...
democratization
(民主化)
to
science”可知，科技的进步为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，从而使更多的普通人也能参与科学研究，促成了公民科学家的出现。故选B。
10．答案与解析：C
细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“And
that's
good,
because
people
who
do
that
notice
the
unusual
things
in
a
data
set”可知，在模式识别方面，人类与机器相比，人类的优势在于能够注意到一些不寻常的东西。故选C。
11．答案与解析：A
推理判断题。根据第三段中Lintott表述的科学人人都能参与，第四段他表述的公民科学家有自身的优势和尾段中他说的话“People
think
that
we're
intelligent,
but
science
is
easy
and
we
need
their
help”可推知，Lintott支持公民科学。故选A。
12．答案与解析：C
主旨大意题。文章第一段以表述澳大利亚汽车修理工Andrew
Grey成为公民科学家来引入话题，接着又讲到天体物理学家Lintott和Sheila
Jasanoff对于公民科学的看法，并结合倒数第二段中的“scientists
still
welcome
help
from
ordinary
people”可知，本文主要肯定了公民科学家，表达了任何人都可能成为科学家的观点，故C项最适合作文章标题。课时作业(五) Unit
2
Section
Ⅱ Discovering
Useful
Structures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
There
is
no
denying
that
everyone
has
felt
worried
or
upset
before
a
contest
or
sports
game.
A
study
in
2000
found
that
“high
levels
of
anxiety
during
competitions
is
harmful,
worsening
the
performance
and
even
leading
to
dropping
out”.
An
example
of
this
is
John
Daly,
an
American
golf
player
who
was
once
one
of
the
best
of
his
time.
The
great
amount
of
pressure
placed
on
him
to
win
made
him
extremely
anxious.
His
anxiety
reached
such
a
high
level
that
he
was
unable
to
complete
a
tournament
and
walked
off
the
course
in
the
middle
of
the
round.
Over
the
course
of
his
career,
he
quit
from
49
professional
matches
due
to
the
anxiety
he
experienced.
In
fact,
anxiety
can
have
a
number
of
negative
effects
and
changes
to
the
body,
mind
and
behavior.
Anxiety
causes
your
body
to
tense
up
and
increases
blood
pressure.
When
this
happens,
it
becomes
more
difficult
for
your
body
to
move
fluently
and
efficiently,
meaning
actions
and
movements
become
unnatural.
The
terror
you
experience
as
a
result
of
anxiety
is
so
overwhelming
that
it
may
even
lead
to
body
paralysis
(瘫痪).
An
example
of
this
is
stage
fright,
which
may
be
experienced
right
before
a
public
competition.
When
feeling
overwhelming
fear,
the
athlete
may
be
unable
to
move,
talk
or
act
at
all.
Anxiety
has
a
negative
effect
on
not
only
athletes,
but
also
students
and
young
people,
particularly
when
it
comes
to
tests
and
exams.
This
“test
anxiety”
occurs
in
33%
of
students
and
can
affect
their
performance
in
exams
and
overall
achievements.
As
time
goes
on,
the
age
at
which
children
suffer
from
anxiety
is
becoming
younger.
Anxiety
leads
to
the
poor
academic
performance
and
low
scores.
This
is
because
the
anxiety
becomes
so
over
whelming
that
you
lose
the
ability
to
think
clearly.
It
has
been
proven
that
students
with
anxiety
score
lower
on
tests
than
students
who
do
not
suffer
from
anxiety.
Anxiety
can
also
affect
students'
willingness
to
engage
in
class
or
participate
in
class
discussions.
Again,
this
can
have
a
negative
impact
on
their
performance
because
they
are
unable
to
communicate
with
the
teacher
by
asking
questions.
This
then
leads
to
confusion
and
further
worry
about
a
task,
resulting
in
additional
anxiety.
This
same
worry
also
applies
to
peer
learning
(同伴学习)
because
this
involves
sharing
ideas
with
other
students.
A
student
with
high
anxiety
is
unable
to
share
these
ideas,
meaning
they
quit
from
activities
and
their
learning
is
limited.
Anxiety
reaches
such
a
point
that
some
of
the
students
either
refuse
to
go
to
school
until
they
are
able
or
drop
out
completely.
In
fact,
49%
of
anxious
adults
report
having
left
education
early
and
24%
indicate
anxiety
as
the
primary
reason.
After
all,
how
can
a
person
possibly
learn
something
or
perform
well
when
their
mind
and
body
are
in
a
constant
state
of
terror
and
worry?
1．What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Reasons
of
Anxiety
B．Students
and
Anxiety
C．Bad
effects
of
Anxiety
D．Anxiety
and
Performance
2．The
author
used
John
Daly's
example
to
show
that
________.
A．he
is
a
terrible
golf
player
in
every
way
B．even
a
little
pressure
can
be
a
bad
thing
C．the
willingness
to
win
can
cause
anxiety
D．too
much
anxiety
is
harmful
in
competitions
3．What
can
you
learn
from
the
passage?
A．The
elders
rarely
suffer
from
anxiety.
B．Body
paralysis
is
often
caused
by
anxiety.
C．Students
with
anxiety
tend
to
ask
questions
less.
D．49%
of
adults
left
education
mainly
because
of
anxiety.
4．According
to
the
passage,
what
may
happen
to
a
person
if
one
suffers
from
anxiety?
A．One's
actions
become
steady.
B．One
tends
to
cry
and
walk
away.
C．One
gets
higher
grades
in
exams.
D．One
feels
unable
to
move
or
talk.
B
Vijay
Gupta
is
known
to
classical
music
lovers
across
the
United
States.
He
serves
as
the
first
violinist
for
the
Los
Angeles
Philharmonic.
In
that
job,
he
often
plays
to
large
crowds,
including
many
very
rich
people.
When
he
is
not
performing,
he
organizes
concerts
for
homeless
people.
“They
have
reminded
me
why
I
became
a
musician.”
he
said.
Last
week,
Gupta
was
recognized
for
being
a
founder
and
the
artistic
director
of
Street
Symphony.
The
group
has
performed
at
homeless
shelters,
jails
and
halfway
houses
for
about
eight
years.
Gupta
is
among
the
25
winners
of
the
2018
MacArthur
Fellowship,
commonly
known
as
the
“Genius
Grant”.
Each
winner
will
receive
$625,000
over
five
years
to
use
as
they
wish.
The
money
is
coming
from
a
private
group,
the
John
D.
and
Catherine
T.
MacArthur
Foundation.
It
awards
grants
(补助金)
to
people
whose
work
it
considers
exceptional
and
whose
work
“inspires
hope
in
us
all”.
Gupta
said
he
got
the
idea
for
Street
Symphony
while
teaching
Nathaniel
Ayers,
a
trained
musician
whose
mental
illness
led
to
his
homelessness.
The
31?year?old
winner
said
he
did
not
know
yet
how
he
would
spend
the
money.
He
has
been
a
performer
since
the
age
of
seven
and
the
award
will
give
him
“space
to
breathe,
plan
and
look
ahead”．
Another
winner
is
Rebecca
Sandefur,
an
associate
professor
(副教授)
of
sociology
and
law
in
the
University
of
Illinois.
The
Associated
Press
says
her
research
actively
supports
new
ways
to
involve
poor
communities
in
the
U．S.
justice
system.
47?year?old
Sandefur
created
the
first
national
mapping
of
civil
legal
aid
providers.
It
shows
which
states
had
the
financial
(金融的)
resources
to
provide
such
aid
and
which
did
not.
She
also
found
that
the
cost
of
legal
services
was
only
one
of
the
things
preventing
poor
people
from
getting
lawyers.
Among
the
others
were
fears
of
unfairness
(不公平)
in
the
legal
system.
Sandefur
noted
that
a
lot
of
attention
had
been
paid
to
problems
with
the
criminal
justice
system,
but
more
attention
must
be
paid
to
the
civil
side
of
the
law,
which
also
affected
millions
of
people.
5．Why
does
Gupta
win
the
award?
A．For
his
achievements
in
classical
music.
B．For
performing
for
large
crowds.
C．For
organizing
a
group
playing
for
the
homeless.
D．For
the
companionship
with
Nathaniel
Ayers.
6．What
do
we
know
about
MacArthur
Fellowship?
A．It
is
founded
by
the
government.
B．It
offers
$
625,000
to
25
winners
in
2018.
C．It
allows
the
winners
to
use
the
money
freely.
D．It
awards
people
who
make
great
contributions
to
society.
7．What
was
the
extraordinary
thing
that
Sandefur
did?
A．She
made
it
easier
to
get
legal
help
for
the
poor.
B．She
made
the
legal
system
fairer.
C．She
paid
more
attention
to
the
criminal
justice
system.
D．She
offered
legal
aid
to
the
poor
freely.
8．Which
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Grants
Winners,
Inspiring
the
Poor.
B．The
City
Homeless,
in
Need
of
Help.
C．Vijay
Gupta,
an
Extraordinary
Violinist.
D．MacArthur
Foundation,
Awarding
Exceptional
Work.
Ⅱ.七选五
Research
suggests
that
at
least
64%
of
people
now
spend
up
to
four
hours
daily
of
spare
time
in
front
of
a
screen.
Just
as
TV
watching
has
been
linked
to
higher
chances
of
being
fat
and
getting
diseases,
this
extra
sedentary
(久坐不动的)
time
is
bad
news
for
our
health.
__1__.
1．Choose
outdoor
activities
over
technology
When
you're
at
home,
make
it
a
rule
that
you
can't
be
online
if
the
sun
is
shining.
__2__.
Then,
after
taking
these
healthy
physical
activities,
you
can
take
out
your
phone
or
laptop,
or
take
a
seat
at
the
computer.
This
rule
should
be
fit
for
everyone
in
your
family.
2．Limit
social
media
use
According
to
some
experts,
the
effect
of
technology
on
human
relationships
is
worrying
as
technology
has
become
a
substitute
for
face?to?face
human
relationships.
And
social
networks
have
changed
computer
and
mobile
use
for
people
of
all
ages.
__3__.
Avoid
aimless
browsing
(浏览)
and
give
your
time
online
a
purpose:
research
holidays
or
catch
up
on
the
news
of
the
day.
Then
log
off.
3．__4__
Challenge
yourself
to
read
at
least
30
pages
of
a
great
book
before
you
check
your
computer
or
mobile
phone.
Pick
the
right
reading
material
and
you'll
soon
find
you've
discovered
an
enjoyable
pastime.
4．Create
projects
for
yourself
It's
amazing
how
much
you
can
achieve
when
you're
not
glued
to
(全神贯注地看)
a
screen.
__5__.
Some
suggestions
are
organizing
kitchen
cupboards
and
cleaning
your
bedroom.
Then
try
to
do
one
each
evening.
A．Set
aside
reading
time
B．Choose
the
suitable
reading
materials
C．Make
a
list
of
one?hour
evening
projects
D．Here
are
some
ways
to
stop
technology
addiction
E．Whether
it's
Facebook
or
Twitter,
limit
the
time
online
F．The
following
are
some
ways
to
make
better
use
of
leisure
time
G．Instead,
you
have
to
go
for
a
walk,
ride
a
bike,
or
swim
at
least
an
hour
课时作业(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本篇文章主要介绍了焦虑对身体、思想及行为会产生负面的影响。作者认为焦虑不仅对运动员有负面影响，而且对学生和年轻人也产生负面影响，尤其是对学生的学业成绩及课堂参与度产生负面影响并分析了原因。
1．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。C项为干扰项，以偏概全。文章第3、4、5、6段主要讲解焦虑对学生的影响及原因分析。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。第一段是为导入语篇主题做铺垫。作者借用John
Daly的例子说明过多的焦虑对运动员比赛有着负面影响，以便引出下文。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。从第五段中Again,
this
can
have
a
negative
impact
on
their
performance
because
they
are
unable
to
communicate
with
the
teacher
by
asking
questions.得知，C项正确。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。从第二段中When
this
happens,
it
becomes
more
diffcult
for
your
body
to
move
fluently
and
efficiently,
meaning
actions
and
movements
become
unnatural.得知A项错误；从第四段It
has
been
proven
that
students
with
anxiety
score
lower
on
tests
than
students
who
do
not
suffer
from
anxiety.得知C项错误。B项没有提及。故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助来激励穷人的故事。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The
group
has
performed
at
homeless
shelters,
jails
and
halfway
houses
for
about
eight
years.可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Each
winner
will
receive
$625,000
over
five
years
to
use
as
they
wish.可知，每位获奖者将在五年内获得625,000美元的资金，供其自由支配，故C项正确。
7．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The
Associated
Press
says
her
research
actively
supports
new
ways
to
involve
poor
communities
in
the
U．S.
justice
system.可知，美联社称，Sandefur的研究为贫困社区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefur使穷人获得法律援助变得更容易，故A项正确。
8．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助来激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
1．答案与解析：D 文章衔接题。根据前文介绍到额外的久坐时间对我们的健康来说是个坏消息。后文给出了四条建议。D项：Here
are
some
ways
to
stop
technology
addiction。后文是停止长时间使用电脑和手机的方法和建议。符合文意，故选D。
2．答案与解析：G 联系下文题。根据后文Then,
after
taking
these
healthy
physical
activities,
you
can
pull
out
your
phone
or
tablet,
or
take
a
seat
at
the
computer。可知然后，在进行这些健康的体育活动后，你可以掏出手机或平板电脑，或者坐在电脑前。G项：Instead,
you
have
to
go
for
a
walk,
ride
a
bike,
or
swim
at
least
an
hour。相反，你必须去散步，骑自行车，或者至少游泳一小时。符合文意，故选G。
3．答案与解析：E 理解判断题。根据前文And
Social
networks
have
changed
computer
and
mobile
use
for
people
of
all
ages。可知社交网络改变了所有年龄段的人使用电脑和移动设备的习惯。E项：Whether
it's
Facebook
or
Twitter,
limit
the
time
online。无论是Facebook还是Twitter，都要限制上网时间。符合文意，故选E。
4．答案与解析：A 段落理解题。根据后文Challenge
yourself
to
read
at
least
30
pages
of
a
great
book
before
you
check
your
computer
or
mobile
phone。可知在你查看电脑或手机之前，挑战自己至少阅读30页好书。A项：Set
aside
reading
time。留出阅读时间。符合文意，故选A。
5．答案与解析：C 逻辑推理题。根据后文Some
suggestions
are
organizing
kitchen
cupboards,
cleaning
your
bedroom.
Then
try
to
do
one
each
evening.可知一些建议是整理厨房橱柜，打扫卧室，然后每天晚上做一个。C项：Make
a
list
of
one?hour
evening
projects.列出一个一小时的晚间活动清单。符合文意，故选C。(共15张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Writing
如何描写一次经历课时作业(四) Unit
2
Section
Ⅰ Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A
young
Jewish
girl
begins
a
diary
just
as
World
War
Ⅱ
is
about
to
break
out
in
Europe.
She
records
the
details
of
her
daily
life,
but
more
than
that.
Eventually,
the
diary
comes
to
a
heartbreaking
end
with
the
girl
shot
to
death
by
the
Nazis.
However,
it's
not
the
story
of
Anne
Frank.
This
is
Renia's
Diary,
a
journal
that
was
hidden
for
years
in
a
safe
box.
Now
it's
coming
to
light
with
the
help
of
Renia's
sister
and
niece.
For
a
long
time,
Elizabeth
didn't
even
know
that
her
older
sister
Renia
had
kept
a
diary
as
a
teenager
in
Poland.
Then
suddenly
one
day
Elizabeth
got
the
diary
and
started
to
read
it.
She
was
totally
stunned
and
couldn't
get
very
far.
“It
was
too
painful
to
read
it，”
Elizabeth
recalls.
“I
just
put
it
in
the
basement
and
didn't
think
about
it.”
Alexandra,
Elizabeth's
daughter,
grew
up
knowing
about
the
locked
diary.
As
Alexandra
got
older,
she
was
more
interested
in
it.
“If
I
could
read
this
diary,
maybe
I'll
explore
some
things
from
the
past，”
she
thought.
She
got
the
diary
from
its
hiding
place.
When
she
read
it,
Alexandra
was
shocked.
“It's
the
description
of
a
wonderful
girl
who
showed
great
courage
in
terrible
times.
My
aunt's
world
comes
to
life
as
the
diary
shifts
between
a
teenage
girl's
daily
life
and
the
war.”
Elizabeth
and
her
daughter
Alexandra
are
excited
that
the
diary
will
be
published.
“It
is
a
story
that
needs
to
be
heard
now
more
than
ever.
We
should
never
repeat
the
same
types
of
racism
(种族主义)
and
hate
that
lead
to
violence，”
Alexandra
says.
1．Why
was
Renia's
Dairy
unknown
to
the
world
for
so
many
years?
A．The
story
is
not
as
famous
as
Anne
Frank's.
B．It
was
lost
in
the
war
and
no
one
found
it.
C．Alexandra
was
afraid
to
read
it.
D．Renia
kept
it
a
secret.
2．What
does
the
underlined
word
“stunned”
mean
in
Paragraph
3?
A．Embarrassed.
B．Bored.
C．Excited.
D．Shocked.
3．Why
was
Alexandra
so
interested
in
Renia's
Diary?
A．She
was
curious
about
her
aunt's
experience.
B．She
wanted
to
comfort
her
mother.
C．She
planned
to
publish
her
aunt's
dairy.
D．She
decided
to
prove
how
strong
Renia
was.
4．What's
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．A
Girl
Fighting
Against
the
Racism
and
Hate
B．Renia's
Diary
Is
to
Come
to
Light
C．Discovering
the
History
of
a
Jewish
Family
D．A
Jewish
Family
in
World
War
Ⅱ
B
At
first
glance,
the
business
world
is
no
place
for
young
women,
as
my
co?founders
and
I
have
been
told
on
many
occasions.
In
spite
of
this
pessimistic
view
of
women's
opportunity
in
business,
we
three
college?age
girls
with
zero
experience
in
business
started
off
with
a
highly
ambitious
goal:
to
start
a
seaweed
farm
in
North
Carolina,
and
grow
as
much
seaweed
as
possible
to
help
reduce
the
carbon
emission
(排放)
and
nutrient
pollution
from
agricultural
sources.
In
the
beginning,
our
ideas
were
either
ignored
or
scoffed
by
the
researchers
from
whom
we
sought
help
and
advice.
But
we
carried
on
with
our
research
even
if
others
wouldn't
provide
us
with
answers.
We
didn't
dread
trying
to
work
them
out
ourselves.
We
discovered
which
species
could
grow
in
warmer
water,
and
we'd
identified
potential
markets
into
which
we
planned
to
sell
the
product.
We've
spent
the
last
two
years
setting
up
the
first
seaweed
farm
in
NC,
applying
for
a
patent
(专利)
and
competing
with
five
final
teams
in
front
of
the
United
Nations
for
one
million
dollars.
Despite
all
of
our
efforts,
many
industry
experts
remained
unwilling
to
take
us
seriously.
But
as
often
happens
in
business,
the
same
characteristics
we
were
ignored
for
were,
in
reality,
our
biggest
competitive
advantages.
Our
age
gave
us
the
strength
to
bounce
back
from
failure,
and
our
background
as
environmental
scientists,
rather
than
businesswomen,
helped
us
find
new
marketing
opportunities.
For
every
10
farmers
who
claimed
nobody
would
ever
want
to
feed
their
cows
seaweed,
we
found
one
who
was
interested.
For
every
15
cosmetics
producers
who
refused
to
answer
our
cold
calls,
we
stuck
to
the
one
with
an
interesting
idea
for
a
seaweed
lotion
(乳液)．
Over
the
course
of
our
early
business
development
efforts,
we
have
had
access
to
a
wealth
of
resources,
programs,
and
individuals
who
work
constantly
to
help
us
succeed.
By
staying
focused
on
bringing
our
ideas
to
light，our
team
has
demonstrated
that
entrepreneurship
is
exactly
the
right
place
for
the
hopeful.
5．What
was
the
major
cause
for
their
difficulties
in
starting
business?
A．They
were
women.
B．They
were
young.
C．They
lacked
experience.
D．They
suffered
prejudice.
6．What
did
they
do
to
make
their
business
successful
according
to
the
passage?
A．They
expanded
their
seaweed
farms.
B．They
experimented
on
seaweed
species.
C．They
got
their
product
officially
recognized.
D．They
consulted
the
United
Nations.
7．What
is
the
third
paragraph
mainly
about?
A．How
they
benefited
from
their
weaknesses.
B．How
they
got
others
interested
in
seaweed.
C．How
they
made
themselves
more
competitive.
D．How
they
approached
potential
customers.
Ⅱ.完形填空
This
is
so
easy,
inexpensive,
and
has
always
brought
either
of
two
__1__：a
look
of
shock
or
a
big
smile.
I
am
a
cane?walking
(拄着手杖走路的)
senior
citizen
with
mobility
__2__，
especially
in
cold
weather
but
I
have
a
sharp
eye
for
useful
bargains
and
since
I
still
drive,
I
can
do
this
without
having
to
get
in
and
out
of
the
car
to
help
people.
Here
is
how
it
“works”.
When
I
see
gloves,
warm
hats
and
scarves
on
sale
(new
or
in
good
condition
from
a
second?hand
store).
I
buy
them
very
__3__.
If
laundering
(洗涤)
is
needed,
I
do
it
to
__4__
tiny
stains
(污渍)
so
everything
looks
good.
I
have
a
large
basket
that
I
keep
in
the
passenger
side
of
my
car
and
I
“file”
these
things
in
it,
where
I
can
easily
reach
over
and
get
whatever
I
determine
is
most
__5__
for
someone
who
is
without
and
out
in
the
cold.
I
am
always
__6__
of
things
and
people
around
me
in
parking
lots
and
along
the
walkways
of
my
small
hometown.
But
when
I
see
someone
obviously
cold
and
without
what
will
help
them,
I
__7__
beside
them,
roll
down
my
__8__，
and
ask
if
they
will
__9__
and
wear
all
three
things
or
whatever
is
needed...and
then
as
they
stare
at
me
in
__10__，
I
always
add:
“I
have
things
right
here
in
my
__11__
to
share.
Please
me
by
__12__
them
to
stay
warm
when
you
are
outside.”
Not
yet
have
I
__13__
hostility
(敌意)
or
felt
in
any
danger,
but
since
so
many
of
the
items
are
“cheerful”
colors.
I
often
see
the
persons
I
gave
them
to
walking
down
the
street.
It
__14__
my
heart
to
know
that
my
items
are
being
used
and
__15__.
1．A.routines
B．reactions
C．outlines
D．suggestions
2．A.performances
B．amusement
C．addiction
D．problems
3．A.cheaply
B．casually
C．unwillingly
D．briefly
4．A.strengthen
B．increase
C．paint
D．remove
5．A.specific
B．useful
C．popular
D．usual
6．A.positive
B．short
C．careful
D．fond
7．A.put
down
B．settle
down
C．queue
up
D．pull
up
8．A.window
B．light
C．wheel
D．floor
9．A.improve
B．buy
C．borrow
D．accept
10．A.sadness
B．dishonesty
C．disbelief
D．anger
11．A.mind
B．bag
C．basket
D．reach
12．A.wearing
B．winning
C．ignoring
D．folding
13．A.accounted
for
B．met
with
C．escaped
from
D．kept
up
with
14．A.splits
B．sacrifices
C．forces
D．warms
15．A.examined
B．appreciated
C．blamed
D．guaranteed
课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述二战时期一个女孩的日记，日记记载了女孩生活的细节。为了不再重复同样类型的种族主义和仇恨所导致的暴力，这本日记在这个女孩的妹妹和外甥女的帮助下将会出版。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This
is
Renia's
Diary,
a
journal
that
was
hidden
for
years
in
a
safe
box.可知这本日记被Reuia秘密收藏起来了，故选D。
2．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题，根据文章第三段中Elizabeth说的话“It
was
too
painful
to
read
it.”Elizabeth
recalls.“I
just
put
it
in
the
basement
and
didn't
think
about
it.”(“这本日记读起来太痛苦了，”Elizabeth回忆道。“我就把它放在地下室里，没有回想它。”)，可以推断她在读她姐姐的日记时应该是很震惊的，由此推测stunned意为“震惊的”，与shocked同义，故选D。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段Alexandra,
Elizabeth's
daughter,
grew
up
knowing
about
the
locked
diary.
As
Alexandra
got
older,
she
was
more
interested
in
it.“If
I
could
read
this
diary,
maybe
I'll
explore
some
things
from
the
past，”she
thought.(Alexandra,
Elizabeth的女儿从小就知道这本锁着的日记。随着Alexandra年龄的增长，她对它越来越感兴趣。“如果我能读这本日记，也许我会探索过去的一些事情，”她想。)可知Alexandta出于自己的好奇心而对日记感兴趣，故选A。
4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段This
is
Renia's
Diary,
a
journal
that
was
hidden
for
years
in
a
safe
box.
Now
it's
coming
to
light
with
the
help
of
Renia's
sister
and
niece.可知Renia's
Diary
is
to
come
to
light符合主题思想，并且引出文章内容，适合作文章的标题，故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 女性在商业领域一直饱受偏见与质疑，但是作者与她的两位女性朋友开启商界的尝试。她们一开始就立下了雄心壮志：在北卡罗来纳州建立海藻农场，尽可能多地种植海藻来减少碳排放和来自农业的营养污染。她们历经坎坷，最终得到认可。创业为心怀希望的人而存在。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中．..the
business
world
is
no
place
for
young
women
as
my
co?founders
and
I
have
been
told
on
many
occasions.
In
spite
of
this
pessimistic
view
of
women's
opportunity
in
business...可知，D项正确。prejudice意为“偏见”。
6．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中But
we
carried
on
with
our
research
even
if
others
wouldn't
provide
us
with
answers.
We
didn't
dread
trying
to
work
them
out
ourselves.
We
discovered
which
species
could
grow
in
warmer
water...可知，作者及其团队通过实验与研究使得海藻种植得以成功。B项正确。
7．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据第三段中But
as
often
happens
in
business,
the
same
characteristics
we
were
ignored
for
were,
in
reality,
our
biggest
competitive
advantages.
Our
age...,
and
our
background...可知，在商界我们因为年轻和环境科学家背景的特点而被忽视，但是这些弱点恰恰是我们的竞争优势，所以A选项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个行动不便靠拐杖行走的老人。但这并没有影响作者去帮助别人。作者对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光，会用很低的价格把它们买回来。作者开车时会留意道路上行走的人，如果有人看起来很冷且身上没有御寒物品，作者会问他们是否需要帮助，并把自己准备好的物品提供给他们。作者使路人很暖心，自己也感到很温暖，很高兴。
1．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很简单，也不贵，而且总是会带来两种反应中的任何一种：震惊的表情或灿烂的笑容。routine
路线；reaction
反应；outline
外形，轮廓；suggestion
建议。由a
look
of
shock
of
a
big
smile可知，这是两种反应。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个靠拐杖走路的老人，我行动不便，尤其是在寒冷的天气里。但我对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光。因为我开车，所以我不用上下车就可以做这件事来帮助别人。performance
表演；amusement
娱乐；addiction
上瘾；problem
问题。由a
cane?walking(拄着手杖走路的)senior
citizen可知，作者行动不便。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：……我会非常便宜地把它们买回来。cheaply
便宜地；casually
随意地；unwillingly
不愿意地；briefly
简洁地。由new
or
in
good
condition
from
a
second?hand
store可知，这东西或者是新的或者是在二手商店买的质量较好的东西。所以作者会以低廉的价格把它们买回来。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果(衣物)需要洗的话，我会洗掉细小的污渍，这样每一件东西看起来都不错。strengthen
加强；increase
增加；paint
画；remove
清除。作者洗衣物的目的是除去污渍。故选D项。
5．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一个大篮子，我把它放在车的乘客一侧，我把这些东西“归档”在里面，这样我就可以很容易地从里面伸手去拿我认为对身处寒冷户外的人最有用的且其手里没有的东西。specific
具体的；useful
有用的；popular
流行的；usual
平常的。由someone
who
is
without
and
out
in
the
cold可知，作者所准备的东西对那些身处户外的人最有用处。故选B项。
6．答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在停车场和我家乡的小镇的人行道上，我总是留意着周围的人和物。positive
积极的；short
短的；careful
小心的；fond
喜欢的。作者很留意周围的人和物以便向别人提供帮助。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当我看到有人明显很冷，没有什么可以帮助他们的时候，我就把车停在他们旁边，摇下车窗，问他们是否愿意接受并穿上这三样东西，或者他们需要的任何东西……当他们难以置信地盯着我看时，我总是补充说：“我的篮子里刚好有可以分享的东西……”。put
down
放下；settle
down
平静下来；queue
up
排队；pull
up
停车。作者停下车，才能帮助其他人。故选D项。
8．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。window
窗户；light
光；wheel
轮子；floor
地板。作者停下车，摇下车窗，才能问路人是否需要帮助。故选A项。
9．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。improve
提高；buy
买；borrow
借；accept
接受。由ask
if
they
will可知，作者在看到路人需要帮助时，首先要问问路人是否愿意接受他的帮助。故选D项。
10．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。sadness
悲伤；dishonesty
不诚实；disbelief
不相信；anger
生气。由stare
at
me可知，路人难以置信地盯着作者看，不相信自己会得到别人的帮助。故选C项。
11．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。mind
思维；bag
包；basket
篮子；reach
波及范围。由第三段开头I
have
a
large
basket可知，作者篮子里的东西是要与别人分享的东西。故选C项。
12．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们在户外穿着我给的衣服感觉暖和，这让我高兴。wear
穿；win
赢得；ignore
忽略；fold
折叠。由to
stay
warm
when
you
are
outside可知，被帮助的人在户外穿着作者所提供的衣服使他们暖和了，这也让作者很高兴。故选A项。
13．答案与解析：B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还没有遇到有敌意的状况，也没有感觉到有什么危险，但是由于很多东西都是“喜庆”的颜色，我经常看到我帮助的人们走在大街上。account
for
解释；meet
with
遇到；escape
from
从……逃跑；keep
up
with
跟上。故选B项。
14．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知我的物品正被人使用和感激，我的心都暖和起来了。split
分裂；sacrifice
牺牲；force
强迫；warm
使暖和。由stay
warm可知，作者的举动温暖了别人，也温暖了自己的心。故选D项。
15．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。examine
检查；appreciate
感激；blame
责备；guarantee
保证。作者得知自己的物品正在被人使用和被感激，这温暖了作者的心，作者觉得自己做的事情很值得。故选B项。(共25张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ Discovering
Useful
Structures
Grammar
—
动词不定式作宾语与动词?ing形式作宾语(共44张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Using
language
&
Developing
ideas
