Module 4 A Social Survey -- My Neighbourhood教案+辅导+训练

系动词作用的行为动词
除最常见的be动词之外，有四类行为动词可起类似系动词的作用，其后跟一形容词或形容词化的分词。
1．表示人体感官功能的动词appear，feel，look，seem，smell，sound，taste。
这类动词后跟一形容词，表达人体感官受外界因素的刺激而对主语所表示的人或事物的特征、性质或状态做出的反应、判断或产生的结果。例如：
Why does she appear so unhappy today？
她为何今天显得如此郁郁不乐？
When spring comes the grass in my lawn smells fresh and sweet．
春天一到，我的草坪青草气味清新芬香。
I am afraid your sentence doesn't sound correct．
恐怕你的句子不大对。
The chicken soup served in this restaurant tasted delicious．
这家饭馆卖的鸡汤味道真不错。
2．表示变化过程的动词become，go，grow，run，turn，wear。
这类动词后跟一个表示特征的形容词或形容词化分词，表示事物从一种状态向另一种状态的变化或发展。例如：
You will grow wiser and wiser by practice．
实践使你变得越来越聪明。
The supply of fresh water in this area is running short．
这个地区淡水供应越来越短缺。
The stone steps have worn smooth．
这些石阶已磨光滑。
It is becoming much more expensive to travel abroad．
现在出国旅行费用贵多了。
这类动词中，go之后通常跟贬义形容词，表示向不好的方面发展。例如：
The poor man went blind at the age of thirty．
这个可怜人30岁时就失明了。
Fruit goes rotten quickly in hot weather．
水果在热天烂得快。
3．表示“延续”意义的动词continue，keep，lie，remain，rest，sit，stand，stay。
这类动词后跟一个状态形容词，表示这一状态的延续或保持。例：
We are glad the weather will continue fine for some days．
天气将连续几天晴朗，我们真高兴。
He is a hard-working man and never rests idle．
他是个勤快人，从不闲懒。
The plot now stood revealed．
这个阴谋现已曝光。
She sat rooted in the seat as if her blood stood still．
她生了根似的坐在椅子上，身上的血液似乎凝固了。
Doing morning exercises is her recipe for keeping／staying young．
做早操是她青春永驻的诀窍。
4．动词arrive，come，fall，get，prove。
这类动词后跟一个表示特征的形容词，表示事态发展的最终结果。例：
Wrong never comes right．
错的永远不可能变成对的。
Now that your children have arrived safe and sound，you can set your mind at ease．
你的儿女已平安抵达，你可以放心了。
This method proved highly effective．
这个方法证明行之有效。
这类动词中，get之后可用贬义形容词，表示不妙的结果。
Take good care of your mother．She is getting weaker．
好好照顾你母亲，她越来越虚弱了。
She was getting bored and homesick．
她越来越烦，越来越想家。
I hope you won't get over-tired．
我希望你别太累了。Module 4 A Social Survey -My Neighborhood
一. 用所给单词的正确形式完成下列句子。
fortunate district survive employment committeestarve nuisance suburb approach architecture
1. In this city, factories are only allowed to be built in the __________.
2. _________, he won the first place in his class as he had expected.
3. New York is an attractive city with lots of modern _________.
4. The educational __________ has taken every possible measure to improve the conditions for learning.
5. To everyone’s surprise, he ________ the tsunami.
6. During the special times in the 1960s in China, many people _______ to death.
7. The charity has offered some valuable ________ opportunities for these unemployed workers.
8. As you ________ the town, you’ll see the college on the left.
9. Hong Kong administrative（行政的）__________was taken back in the year 1997.
10. I hope you’re not making a _________ of yourself.
Answers:
1. suburbs 2.Fortunately 3.architecture 4.committee 5.survived
6. starved 7.employment 8.approach 9.district 10.nuisance
二. 翻译下列句子。
1.他们一到营地就搭起了帐篷。（put up ）
2.到目前为止，中国经济发展速度位于世界前列（so far）
3. 我7点钟之前无法离开办公室。（get away from）
4. 蔬菜在涨价。（go up）
5. 有许多工作等着我去做。（remain）
6. 自从我们上次见面已有6年了。（since）
7. 他们有一套公寓在一栋五层公寓楼的第三层上。（five-storey）
8. 地球上的环境对人类的生存越来越难了。（more and more）
Answers:
1. They put up a tent as soon as they arrived at the camp site.
2. The speed of china’s economic development has been at the top of the list.
3. I won’t be able to get away from the office before 7 o’clock.
4. Vegetables are going up in price. / The price of vegetables is going up .
5. A lot of work remains to be done.
6. It is/has been 6years since we last saw each other.
7. They have a small apartment on the third floor of a five-storey apartment block.
8. The environment on the earth is more and more difficult for human beings to live in.
三. 　“数量”　知 “多少”
英语中有些表示 “许多,大量”的短语,后接名词可数与不可数情况不同,归纳如下”
a good /great many
a large /great /good number of
a good few/quite a few
many a/an +单数可数名词(做主语时谓语动词用单数)
a great /good deal of
a great /large amount of
quite a little
a lot of = lots of
plenty of
另外: a large /great quantity of +可数名词复数或不可数名词 (做主语时谓语动词用单数)
large quantities of ++可数名词复数或不可数名词 (做主语时谓语动词用复数)
表达 “数量多/少”时, 用 large /huge /small 修饰population , number , quantity , amount 等,而不用many , much, little , few 修饰。
四. “边学边练”
1>“so +主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词” 某人/某物确实是…
2> “so +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语” 某人/某物也是…
3> “主语+动词+so某人这样做了.
4> “neither /nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语” 某人/某物也不
5> It is the same with sb/sth 或So it is with sb /sth 表示上述混 合情况也适用该句主语. ①–Tom has grown taller than before recently.
--_____,and_____. A. So he has, so have you B. So he has, so you have
C. So has he, so have you D. So has he, so you have.
② –It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside.
–My God! _____.
A. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you
③.--He works hard at his study.
--_____. A. So it seems B. Neither does his sister
C. So his sister does D. So does he
④ --The sports meeting has been put off until October 31.
-- ____ . It all depends on the weather.
A. So it does B. So has it
C. So I have heard D. Neither it has
答案及解析：
① A “Tom最近比以前长高了。” “他确实是，并且你也是。”
② B “你把衣服落在外面真是太粗心了。” “天哪！我确实是（把衣服落在外面了）。”
③ A “他学习很刻苦。” “看上去确实是。”
④ C “运动会被推迟到10月31号了。” “我确实听说了。”
五. 语法专练
现在完成时的用法:
现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作对现在所造成的结果和影响.
He has just come back from work. (影响:他现在在家)
He has gone out. (影响: 他不在这儿)
2> 表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态,只能用于带有延续意义的
动词,常与for…, since…等连用.
They have been friends for many years.
He has worked in this factory since he was 28.
3> 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之
前已经完成的动作.
I’ll go home as soon as I have finished my homework.
Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it.
现在完成时与过去时的区别
现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况,所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用. 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系,它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用.
He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的 内容)
He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那本书. )
He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地,在美国)
He went to America. (只说明他去过美国)
1.--Do you know our town at all
-- No, this is the first time I ________here. (NMET92)
A. was B. am coming C. came D. have been
2. I wonder why Jenny _____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. (NMET 2002)
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write
B. won’t write D. hadn’t write
3. – I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
--Oh, not at all. I _____ here only a few minutes. (NMET94)
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
4. – Who is Jerry Cooper
--_____ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting. (NMET97)
A. Don’t you meet him yet B. Hadn’t you met him yet
C. Didn’t you meet him yet D. Haven’t you met him yet
5. The old couple have been married for 40years and never once ____with each other (NMET2003)
A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
6. --How long have you _____ the computer
--Over two months.
A. had B. bought C. got D. have
答案：1D. 2A. 3A. 4D. 5C. 6A.
}
+ 可数名词复数(做主语时谓语动词用复数)
}
+不可数名词(做主语时谓语动词用单数)
}
+可数名词复数或不可数名词(做主语时谓语动词根据名词确定)Module 4 A Social Survey—My neighborhood
Teaching Aims and Demands:
语音 Stressed words in sentences
词汇 Survey neighborhood local suburb attractive fortunate pretty sound tourist bother nuisance rent district approach harbor gorgeous architecture starve park traffic committee organization unemployed household occupation professional manual employment gallery exchange fascinating afford survive contact
短语 Put up so far up to now till now get away from a great many a number of go up
句型 1. The house is two storeys high. 2. It’s been six years since we last saw each other. 3. This / It is the first time I’ve visited your hometown . 4. It can be quite cold in winter here.
语法 1. Present perfect tense used for recent events . They’re put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. 2. Present perfect tense used for experiences. I’ve seen quite a lot of China. 3. Present perfect tense used with word that cannot last. We’ve started a holiday club for children.
功能 Showing position and direction
话题 A Social Survey—My Neighborhood
听 Listening for large numbers
说 Talking about where you live
读 1. A Social Survey—My Neighborhood 2. The countryside is changing in western Europe.
写 Learning to use “and” & “but”
Period One Introduction and Vocabulary
step1: Revision
There are two parts in this step aiming to consolidate the new words learned in this module. 1>Teachers can read the words in the boxes with students followed.
2>.Teachers can also ask some students with good pronunciation to read the words in the boxes. Point out their mistakes in pronouncing
After this give them some time to fill in the blanks and then check answers.
step2: Lead-in
Present some famous pictures in different parts of China and foreign countries to arouse their interest in the following tasks.
1> Free talks between individual student and the teacher may be nice in this part .
2> Students can also talk about each picture briefly and present the talks before the class.
step3: Listen and answer
Listen and answer the questions to grasp the main idea of the passage.
step4: Detail reading:
1> Read the passage carefully and decide if the following statements true or false.
2> Find the following words and phrases and choose their correct meanings.
step4: Language points in the passage:
For this part teachers can ask students to translate the sentences or finish the exercises.
step 5: Group work:
According to the passage and the given tips write a short passage to introduce a place that the student is familiar with.
After they finish. call back the answers from the class.
step6: Homework:
Write this short passage on your exercise book.
Period Two: Listening and Vocabulary
step1: Read out the words
Read out the words and have the students repeat them after you. Make sure they understand the meaning of these words.
step2: Ask the students to predict what the passage will be about.
You may want to write their suggestions on the board.
step3: Listen and answer
Play the passage1 through once and elicit what it was about.
Accept different suggestions if you get them.
step 4: Play again
Play the tap again to check together.
step5: listen to part 2 and complete the chart.
1> Ask the students to look at what information they will listen to.
2> Play part2 of the tape through while they listen.
3> Play it again for them to complete the answers.
4> They should then check with a partner.
5> Play the tape once more for them to check.
6> Call back the answers from the class.
step6: Work in groups
1> Put the students into groups of two to discuss the questions.
2> Ask each group to appoint a student to take notes on the answers.
3. Call back the answers from the students.
Period Three: Grammar
step1: the usage of the present perfect tense.
As this grammar has been learned by students, .so teachers can ask student to present some usages of the present perfect tense. Then collect these usages.
step2: the difference between the present perfect tense and the paste tense.
Give some sentences as examples and let students find out what differences between them.
step3: some exercises based on the present perfect tense.
Teachers can ask students to do some explanation.
step4: To consolidate this grammar , let students to fill in the blanks of the passage.
Period Four: Cultural Corner
step1: Lead-in
play a song called “ country road , take me home” and ask three questions as a free talk .
1> Have you heard of this song
2> What’s the name of this song
3> Can you guess who sings this song
step 2: Speaking
What can you imagine while you are listening to this song
step 3: Listen and answer:
Listen and answer these tow questions:
1> In which countries is the countryside changing
2> Why do some villages remain
step4: Further reading:
Read the passage again and answer the question
What are the problems of some villages in Western Europe and why
step5: Language points
step6: Summary:
Some important phrases in this module
Teachers can ask students to present the answers first and then teachers present the right answers on the big screen.
step7: Homework
Work in pairs and discuss if villages in your area have similar problems.
语 言 知 识 目 标
语言技能目标I. 同义句转换，每空一词。
1. The building he lives in is seven storeys high.
The building he lives in is a ______ one.
He lives in a building of ______ ______.
2. He has made the same mistake three times.
This is ______ ______ ______ that he has made the mistake.
3. He joined the army two years ago.
It ______ ______ ______ ______ since he joined the army.
4. They haven’t found a new way to solve the problem so far.
They haven’t found a new way to solve the problem ______ ______ ______.
They haven’t found a new way to solve the problem ______ ______.
5. Because of his carelessness, the experiment failed.
______ ______ ______ ______ his carelessness, the experiment failed.
6. You have passed the driving test. Congratulations!
Let us ______ you ______ having passed the driving test.
7. Is the dinner ready, Mom I’m very hungry.
Is the dinner ready, Mom I’m ______.
8. I keep in touch with my good friends by mobile phone.
I keep in ______ with my good friends by mobile phone.
I ______ with my good friends by mobile phone.
II. 根据括号所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. He ______________（已经有电脑） for two years.
2. ______________（到现在为止）, I have finished one third of the task.
3. I ______________ （和他失去联系） for a long time; what do you think has happened to him
4. We have several models of the latest design ______________ （供选择）, so you can take whichever you like.
5. I needed to ______________ （摆脱工作压力） for a while.
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. In the past three years, he ______ (visit) the country twice.
2. Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long ______ you ______ (be) here
3. Where and when to go for the holiday ______ (not decide) yet.
4. —What ______ (happen)
—I ______ (lose) my key and can’t open the door.
5. I would love ______ (go) to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
6. All the preparations for the task ______ (complete), and we’re ready to start.
7. More than three-fifths of the tickets ______ (sell) so far.
8. I ______ (tell) that the meeting ______ (put off) because the president couldn’t come that day.
9. I ______ (work) in Italy for 5 years. I ______ (begin) work as soon as I arrived.
10. When Jack was at school, he ______ (learn) to play the saxophone. He ______ (play) it ever since.
11. Maria lives in Boston. Before she ______ (move) here, she had lived in Seattle for 3 years.
12. Just a moment! I ______ (not think) of a good idea yet!
13. She ______ (write) the email but doesn’t know how to send it.
14. Hurry up! The concert ______ (begin) and we are late.
15. —______ the newspaper ______ (arrive)
—Yes, Ken is reading it at the moment.
16. ______ you ______ (smoke) a lot before becoming a non-smoker
17. I’m tired. I ______ (not get) much sleep last night.
18. —Where ______ you ______ (find) that book
—I ______ (find) it in the library.
参考答案：
I. 1. seven-storey; seven storeys 2. the third time
3. has been two years 4. up to now; till now
5. As a result of 6. congratulate; on
7. starving / starved 8. contact; contact
II. 1. has had his computer 2. Up to now / Till now / So far
3. have lost contact with 4. to choose from
5. get away from the pressure of work
III. 1. has visited 2. have; been
3. has not been decided 4. has happened; lost
5. to have gone 6. have been completed
7. have been sold 8. was told; had been put off
9. have worked; began 10. learned; has played
11. moved 12. haven’t thought
13. has written 14. has begun
15. Has; arrived 16. Did; smoke
17. didn’t get 18. did; find; foundModule 4 A Social Survey — My Neighbourhood
I． 模块教学目标
技能目标Skill Goals▲ Talk about neighbourhood▲ Learn how to show position and direction▲ Learn the present perfect tense▲ Learn to describe where you live
II. 目标语言
功能句式 Showing position and directionThe Summer Palace is in the suburb of Beijing.The city Urumqi is in the northwest of china.Japan is to the east of china. Chongqing is on the east of Sichuan.
词汇 1． 四会词汇neighbourhood, local, suburb, hometown, attractive, fortunate, pretty, sound, tourist, bother, nuisance, rent, district, approach, harbour, gorgeous, architecture, starve, park(v.), traffic, organization, unemployed, household, occupation, professional, manual, employment, exchange, fascinating, afford, survive, contact2． 认读词汇survey, committee, gallery3． 词组put up, so far, up to now, till now, get away from, a great many, a number of, go up
语法 Present perfect tense used for recent eventsThey’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.Present perfect tense used for experiencesI’ve seen quite a lot of China.Present perfect tense used with words that cannot lastWe’ve started a holiday club for children.Present perfect tense used with words that can lastI’ve worked for it for four years now.
重点句子 And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. P32It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know. P32It’s been very successful, so far. P36Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said. P36We’ve had very good weather this winter, till now. P36But they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is beautiful. P37Another problem is that it is becoming more and more difficult for farmers to make money from their farms. P39
III. 教材分析与教材重组
1. 教材分析
本模块的中心话题是A Social Survey — My Neighbourhood，围绕如何介绍居住地或所熟悉的城市展开。谈论的话题涉及描述居住地、指示地点和方向、了解社区居委会等。旨在通过本模块的学习，使学生学会使用一些描述某一地方的词汇，以及就neighbourhood这一话题发表自己的观点，并能通过进行社会调查，写出描述neighbourhood近期变化以及居委会工作及所起作用的一篇调查报告。
1.1 INTRODUCTION介绍了一些与建筑、居住地以及某个地方有关的词汇，以及两篇学生描述自己neighbourhood的示范小短文，使学生初步了解这些词的意义，为本模块的学习奠定良好的基础。
1.2 READING AND VOCABULARY部分提供了一段对话，介绍厦门市的地理位置、气候及城市概况。让学生阅读文章后完成练习，培养学生的快速阅读能力，以及对词汇的认读和应用能力。
1.3 GRAMMAR 1部分要求学生通过分析句意了解现在完成时，并能够区分一般过去时与现在完成时。
1.4 LISTENING AND VOCABULARY部分含两篇关于社区的对话形式的听力材料。要求学生在听完一段材料后，能够抓住大意并获取自己所需的一些数据信息。
1.5 GRAMMAR 2部分学习两类不同动词，即延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法，并要求学生学会正确运用。
1.8 EVERYDAY ENGLISH部分使学生通过做选择题掌握七个日常用语的意义，达到会正确使用的目的。
1.9 FUNCTION AND SPEAKING部分要求学生练习怎样指示方向及地点，并能在对话练习中熟练运用。
1.10 CULTURAL CORNER是一篇介绍西欧农村生活变化的文章，使学生了解一些关于西方国家社会生活的知识。
1.11 TASK部分要求学生根据本模块所学知识写一篇关于自己所住地区的调查报告，是对学生综合运用语言能力及社会实践能力的检验。
2. 教材重组
2.1 将INTRODUCTION， FUNCTION AND SPEAKING与WORKBOOK中Exercise 17整合在一起，上一节“口语课”。
2.2 把READING AND VOCABULARY设计为一节“阅读课”。
2.3 将GRAMMAR 1，GRAMMAR 2与WORKBOOK中Grammar整合在一起，上一节“语法课”。
2.4 将LISTENING AND VOCABULARY，PRONUNCIATION, EVERYDAY ENGLISH与WORKBOOK中Exercises 11-16整合在一起，上一节“听力课”。
2.5 将CULTURAL CORNER与WORKBOOK中Reading整合在一起，上一节“泛读课”。
2.6 将WRITING，TASK与WORKBOOK中的Exercises 18-19整合在一起，上一节“写作课”。
3. 课型设计与课时分配
1st Period Speaking
2nd Period Reading
3rd Period Grammar
4th Period Listening
5th Period Extensive Reading
6th Period Writing
IV． 分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
apartment, apartment block, countryside, high-rise building, local, suburb, neighbourhood, across the water
b. 重点句式 P31
He lives with his parents in a suburb in the northeast of the city.
She lives in the countryside in southern Liaoning, about fifty miles away from the city of Dalian.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to talk about their neighbourhood and know how to show position and direction.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Teach the students to learn how to introduce the neighbourhood with the target language.
Teaching important && difficult points 教学重点和难点
Learn how to describe the neighbourhood and give directions.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Pair work, speaking and task-based method.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a projector and some slides
Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Greetings and Lead-in
T: Good morning / afternoon, class!
Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms...
T: We have known each other for more than one month but do you know where I come from You can guess. Perhaps some of you have known it.
Ss: Are you from Xi’an
T: Yes, you are right. I come from Xi’an. It is a very beautiful city and one of the six ancient capitals in China. Have you been there And how much do you know about it
S: Xi’an is the capital of Shannxi province. And it is famous for its delicious food and tourist attractions. Though I haven’t been there, I have learnt a lot about it by watching TV.
T: Then do you know what the most famous tourist attraction is
S: I think the most famous thing in Xi’an is the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang.
T: Yes, every year thousands of people from other parts of China or from other countries visit the Emperor Qin’s Terracotta Museum. Have some of you visited it
S: Last summer I have visited it with my parents. It is the biggest on-site museum in China. The museum looks quite elegant and delightful. Three main buildings of the museum, which are named Pit 1, Pit 2, Pit 3, were constructed on their original sites in different periods of time.
T: I believe you have learnt a lot of knowledge by visiting it about history, culture and human civilization.
S: Yes, I think so.
T: Very good. I suggest you visit famous tourist attractions all over our country when you have spare time. By doing this, you can enlarge your view and knowledge. OK! Besides the Emperor Qin’s Terracotta Museum, there are many other tourist attractions in Xi’an, such as the Huaqing Pool, Da Yan Tower etc. And the most famous food is Jiaozi dinner, Tang-style dinner and pancake soaked in mutton broth. They are all delicious. Welcome you to Xi’an and welcome you to visit my home. There I live with my parents in a two-storey house, which is in a suburb in the southeast of the city. We have lived there for over ten years. OK. Today we are going to learn a new module about neighbourhood.
Step II Warming up
T: Now please look at some words on the screen and pick up those we can use to describe buildings. I will give you one minute.
Show the words on the slide.
apartment, apartment block, countryside, five-storey, local, high-rise building, mile, (second) floor, suburb, stone
T: Time’s up. Volunteer
S: I think there are 6 words that can describe buildings. They are apartment, apartment block, five-storey, high-rise building, (second) floor and stone.
T: Yes, you are right. What about the other words
Ss: The others can be used to describe where the buildings are.
T: Well done. Now please open your books to page 31. Read the two short passages carefully, then decide if the sentences on the screen are true or false. If they are false, please correct them. I will give you two minutes to complete them.
While the students are reading the passages, show the sentences on the slide.
1. Zhang Hua lives with his parents in the center of the city.
2. Lin Xiaoyun lives in the countryside in southern Liaoning, about thirty miles away from the city of Dalian.
3. Lin’s parents have recently built a house which is two storeys high.
After two minutes.
T: Who will tell us if the sentences are true or false Volunteer
S: The first one is false. Zhang Hua lives with his parents in a suburb in the northeast of the city.
S: The second one is false. Lin Xiaoyun lives in the countryside in southern Liaoning, about fifty miles away from the city of Dalian.
S: The third one is correct.
Step III Speaking
T: Now please turn to page 38. Answer the questions of Activity 1 in FUNCTION AND SPEAKING. One question, one person.
Students answer the questions one by one.
Sample answers:
1. Tian’anmen Square is in the middle of Beijing.
2. The British Isles are near continental Europe.
3. Guangzhou is in the south of China.
4. The city Urumqi is in the northwest of China.
5. The Summer Palace is in the suburb of Beijing.
6. We can see the high-rise buildings of Pudong across the water.
Combine Activity 3 on page 31 with Exercise 17 on page 90 in WORKBOOK. Make the students work in pairs to discuss the questions on the slide.
T: Now please work in pairs. Describe your homes according to the questions on the screen, and compare your homes. A few minutes later, I’ll ask some pairs to act out your dialogues.
Show the questions on the screen.
1. How big is your flat / house
2. Where is your flat / house located
3. Is it close to your school
4. Is it close to your parents’ place(s) of work
5. Do you like your neighbourhood
6. Do you have good neighbours
7. Are there parks or other public facilities nearby
8. Is there good public transportation
9. Are there markets and shops nearby
After they have finished, ask one or two pairs to repeat their dialogues in front of the class.
A sample dialogue:
S1: I live with my parents in a fifteen-storey apartment which is in a suburb in the southeast of Beijing. Our apartment isn’t very big. Because it isn’t close to either our school or my parents’ places of work, we have to take bus everyday. Fortunately, there is very good public transportation. What about you
S2: I also live with my parents. We live near our school in a flat which isn’t big, either. Everyday I walk only about five minutes to get to school. But my parents have to take bus to get to their places of work. By the way, are your neighbours kind and good
S1: Yes, they are all kind people. We get along quite well with each other. We always visit each other at our leisure.
S2: You know, in 2008, the 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing. In recent years, Beijing has taken on a new look. More and more high-rise buildings have been put up and the air has become fresher and fresher. However, I only know the condition of urban districts, what about the suburb
S1: The same thing has happened to the suburb.
Step IV Homework
T: Today, we’ve learnt how to describe the neighbourhood and direction, and we’ve also learnt some new words and useful expressions. You should review them after class. Besides, collect some information about the city of Xiamen. OK! That’s all for today. See you tomorrow!
The Second Period Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target Language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
hometown, attractive, fortunate, pretty, sound, tourist, bother, nuisance, rent, district, approach, harbour, gorgeous, architecture, starve, park, put up
b. 重点句式 P32
It’s been six years since...
This is the first time I’ve...
You live in the northwest of Xiamen, is that right
Pretty hot and wet in the summer, but it can be quite cold in winter.
It’s a gorgeous island with some...
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to describe the city of Xiamen.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students to learn how to introduce or describe a city from different aspects, such as its location, climate, and famous tourist attractions etc.
Teaching important && difficult points 教学重点和难点
Enable the students to learn words and expressions used to describe a place.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast reading, intensive reading, pair work and discussion.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A projector, a computer and a map of China
Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Greetings and Revision
T: Good morning / afternoon, boys and girls!
Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms...
Put up a map of China on the blackboard and ask the students some questions to make them practice telling others a place.
T: Here is a map of China. Would you like to tell me where Fujian province locates
S: It is in the southeast of China.
S: It is on the southwest of Zhejiang province.
S: It is on the southeast of Jiangxi province.
...
T: You are right. And the capital of Fujian province is Fuzhou, which is a big and beautiful city of Fujian, but there is another big and famous city in Fujian, do you know the name of this city
S: It is Xiamen.
T: Then do you know the position of Xiamen
Ss: It locates on the southeast coast of China.
T: OK! Please look at the map. Xiamen is here.
Indicate the location of Xiamen on the map.
T: Now would you like to tell me any information about Xiamen
S: Xiamen is a very beautiful and clean city. Xiamen University is well known all over China. My brother is studying there.
S: Xiamen has been accredited as National Garden City, National Model City for Environmental Protection and National Excellence in Tourism City.
S: Xiamen has many tourist attractions, such as Sunlight Rock, ShuZhuang Garden of Gulangyu Island etc. It has been recognized as one of the most attractive locations for foreign visitors.
T: OK! You have done a good job.
Step II Pre-reading
Ask the students a few questions to activate the atmosphere of the class and try to arouse their interest in learning the text.
T: Now I will give you five minutes and please work in pairs to discuss with your partners the three questions on the slide. Then I will ask several pairs to give me your answers.
Show the questions on the slide.
1. Have you ever been to Xiamen
2. If you have been to Xiamen, what impression does it make on you
3. If you haven’t, can you imagine what it is like
Five minutes later.
T: OK! Time’s up. Volunteer
S: I have been to Xiamen last summer holiday. I went there with my parents. The first feeling I had when I just got there was the air was so clear and it was hot and wet in summer. Several days later, I got used to the weather of Xiamen gradually. I liked to see the sea and visit the sights. In a word, Xiamen is a very beautiful city and people of Xiamen are very kind to visitors or guests.
S: What a pity! I have never been there. But through our textbook, I have got much information about Xiamen. In my opinion, Xiamen should be a prosperous and bustling city. Because of its location on the coast of sea, I think it is cool and wet in summer and warm in winter. I guess many visitors from home and abroad visit Xiamen every year.
S: I come from Xiamen. The deepest impression on me is its rapid development. When I was a child, there weren’t so many high-rise buildings and visitors. But in recent years, more and more skyscrapers have appeared and the life of people has been improved greatly. I believe this has happened as a result of the rapid development of our country.
T: Thank you. You did a good job. Xiamen is a scenic port city, facing Taiwan Island with Taiwan Straits in between. It has a beautiful name — The Garden City. It is also called Egret Island, because it is said that in ancient time’s flocks of egrets settled on this island. It is one of China’s top ten cities suitable for human habitation with its fast development in culture and education as well as its prosperous economy and picturesque scenery. Each year tens of thousands of tourists from home and abroad come here to enjoy the azure sky, blue sea, golden beach, green hills, grotesque rocks, fantastic caves, well-cultivated gardens and parks, rare flowers and plants. They visit the ancient temples and historical sites. They experience special local customs, and taste typical seafood in south Fujian flavor. OK! Now please open your books and turn to page 32. Let’s read the text and see how Xiao Li and John Martin talk about Xiamen.
Step III While-reading
Task 1 let the students read the text individually and answer some questions according to the text.
T: Please read the whole text quickly and answer the questions on the slide.
Show the questions on the slide.
1. How many years haven’t John and Xiao Li seen each other
2. Has John never been to China before
3. Does Xiao Li enjoy living on the coast
4. Are there very few tourists in the northwest of Xiamen
5. Are there a lot of new high-rise buildings in Gulangyu Island
6. Are there any interesting buildings on Gulangyu Island
After a few minutes.
T: OK! Time’s up. Who will answer the first question
S: They haven’t seen each other for six years.
T: You are right. What about the second
S: No, John has seen quite a lot of China.
T: And the third
S: Yes, he feels very fortunate living on the coast.
T: And the fourth
S: Yes, there are very few tourists in the northwest of Xiamen.
T: What about the fifth
S: Yes, there are a lot of new high-rise buildings in Gulangyu Island.
T: And the last one
S: Yes, there are some interesting buildings on Gulangyu Island.
T: OK! Your answers are correct. Look at Activity 1 on page 33 and choose the correct answers.
A few minutes later, check the answers to Activity 1.
T: Then please read the text carefully and pay attention to some important words. After you finish reading, do Activities 2, 3 ＆ 4 on page 33.
Check the answers after a few minutes.
Task 2 Ask the students what the writing characteristics of the text are and by doing this teach the students how to introduce a place.
T: After reading the text, would you like to say something about the writing characteristics
S: The text is in the form of a dialogue.
S: The text introduces the location, the climate and a famous tourist attraction of Xiamen through the dialogue between Xiao Li and John Martin.
T: Very good. Then if you are asked to introduce a place, how do you describe the place
S: I will describe the place from different aspects such as its location, its environment, its climate, its tourist attractions, its food and its economy.
T: OK! Excellent!
Task 3 Explain difficult language points.
T: Now let’s deal with some difficult language focuses in the text. Look at the following sentences.
1. It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.
“Since” is often used in the sentence structure: It is / has been＋时间段＋since ...
e.g. It has been three years since he joined the army.
他参军已经三年了。
2. ... but this is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to.
……但这是我到过的最吸引人的地方之一。
(sb.) have been to a place（某人）到过某地（该人现已不在那个地方）
比较：（sb.）have gone to a place（某人）已去了某地（该人不在说话现场）
e.g. A: Where have you been We have been looking for you.
B: I have been to the library. I was looking up some information on the net.
A: 你上哪去了？我们到处找你。
B: 我去图书馆了，在网上查了些资料。
Mr. Li isn’t in. He has gone to the town.
李先生不在。他进城去了。
T: I’d like to hear some sentences from you by using these two language points.
S1: It has been 15 years since he left his hometown.
S2: It has been a long time since last time I watched a film.
S3: My mother has gone to Dalian for business. She won’t be back until next week.
S4: I won’t go with you since I have been there twice.
Step IV Post-reading
T: By learning the text, you have had a general idea about Xiamen. Now I will ask you a question: Would you like to live in Xiamen Why or why not Work in pairs and discuss with your partners for three minutes.
A sample version:
S: I would like to live in Xiamen. It is one of the cleanest cities of China and also the National Garden City, so I can breathe fresh air every day. And when I have spare time, I can visit so many famous and beautiful tourist attractions conveniently. And my dream is to study in Xiamen University. If I can go to the university and live in Xiamen, I can live with my parents in stead of being far away from them.
T: Then another question: Is your hometown similar to Xiamen
S: My hometown is also beautiful and the air is also clean but the economy isn’t so prosperous as that of Xiamen.
T: So what should you do
S: One of my dreams is to work hard for the construction of my hometown and make contribution to its prosperity and environment improvement.
T: I think everyone should study hard and try your best to make our country more and more powerful. Don’t you think so
Step V Homework
1. Retell the whole passage by describing the city of Xiamen and the neighbourhood where Xiao Li lives in the third person.
2. Find out all the sentences in present perfect tense in the text.
A sample of retelling:
Xiao Li is from Xiamen, one of the most interesting cities on the coast. It’s very lively and everyone is friendly. XiaoLi lives in the northwest of Xiamen. It is hot and wet in summer, but quite cold in winter. In summer, many tourists come to Xiamen but there are not many in the area where XiaoLi lives. The district where XiaoLi lives is very modern. It is one of the busiest districts. There are a lot of newly built high-rise buildings and great shopping malls. The western district is near the harbour and it has some pretty parks. You could also see the gorgeous island, Gulangyu Island.
The Third Period Grammar
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
traffic, present(n.), repaint, bathroom, furniture, decorate, so far, up to now, till now, all one’s life
b. 重点句式
The traffic in the city has got much worse recently. P34
Xiao Li has stayed in Xiamen all his life. P34
I’ve worked for it for four years now. P36
I’ve known him since September. P36
It’s been very successful, so far. P36
Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said. P36
We’ve had very good weather this winter, till now. P36
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Learn to use present perfect tense.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Teach the students learn how to use present perfect tense.
Teaching important points 教学重点
The differences between past simple tense and present perfect tense.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
Present perfect tense with verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time and to describe events that can continue over a period of time.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Explanation and practising.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a projector and some slides.
Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Greetings and Revision
T: Good morning / afternoon, everyone!
Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms...
T: In the last period, I asked you to find out the sentences using present perfect tense in the text. Have you found them
Ss: Yes.
T: OK! Now one student, one sentence. And I will ask you some questions according to the sentences you offer. Volunteer
S1: It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.
T: I have a question. When was the last time that the speaker saw his friend
S1: The last time that the speaker saw his friend was six years ago.
S2: This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.
S3: I’ve seen quite a lot of China.
T: Do you know when the speaker saw these places
S3: I think the speaker saw these places before he talks to Xiao Li.
S4: I’ve visited some beautiful cities.
T: Do you know when the speaker visited these cities
S4: I think he visited these cities before he visits Xiao Li’s hometown.
S5: They’ve just completed it.
T: Is this a recent event
S5: Yes, this is a recent event.
S6: They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.
T: Did they do this a long time ago
S6: No, they did this not long ago. “Recently” means “not long ago; lately”.
S7: My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.
S8: A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.
T: Did this happen recently
S8: Yes, I think so.
Step II Grammar 1
T: Now please turn to page 34, and do Activity 2.
A few minutes later, ask the students to check the answers. Then let the students work in pairs to talk about an interesting place they have been to to practice the present perfect tense.
T: OK! Now please work in pairs and tell your partners about the interesting places that you have been to. Tell your partners when you went and what you did there. And ask if they have been there. Don’t forget to use the present perfect tense.
A sample version:
S1: Hi! I haven’t seen you for several months. Where have you been
S2: I have been to France.
S1: Really! When did you go there
S2: I went there three months ago. I studied two courses. France is a wonderful place. There are a lot of tourist attractions. Have you been there
S1: No. I wish I could have your luck.
Explanation:
1．一般过去时所关心的是过去某时发生的动作，与现在无联系，常有表示过去某时的状语；而现在完成时所关心的是过去发生的动作和现在的联系或对现在产生的影响，强调过去与现在的关系。
2．一般过去时常带有表示过去某时刻的时间状语，例如last night, yesterday, last year, three months ago等；而现在完成时所带时间状语包括说话时在内或与说话时非常接近，例如today, these days, recently, just等。
3．现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今；而一般过去时与for引起的短语连用时，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。
Let the students do Exercise 3 on page 85 of WORKBOOK to further practice the present perfect tense and enable them to distinguish between the present perfect tense and the past simple tense.
T: Please turn to page 85 and do Exercise 3 to choose correct forms of the verbs.
Check the answers after the students finish it.
Step III Grammar 2
Let the students do some exercises to enable them to distinguish verbs that can last and that cannot last.
T: Now please look at some verbs on the screen and classify them into two groups. One group is verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time. And the other group is verbs to describe events that happen at a particular point of time.
Show the words on the screen.
work, start, join, borrow, buy, give, know,
leave, live, open, put, remain, send, stay
A few minutes later, check the answers.
Sample answers:
Verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time: work, know, live, remain, stay
Verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time: start, join, borrow, buy, give, leave, open, put, and send
T: Now let’s do some practice to see how these verbs are used in past prefect tense. Turn to page 36 and do Activity 3. When you do it, please pay attention to the verbs to see which group they belong to, A or B
After a few minutes, check the answers.
Explanation:
在现在完成时态中，非延续性动词不能和表示延续概念的“for ＋ 一段时间”的时间状语连用，在此时可用与其意义对应的状态性短语来表示。例如：
He has died. 他已经死了。
We can’t say “He has died for several years”. Instead, we say:
He has been dead for several years. / He died several years ago. / It is several years since he died.
T: Please look at the three sentences of Activity 4 on page 36 and answer which phrases have the same meaning.
S8: I think the three phrases all have the same meaning.
T: Correct. Their meaning is “到目前为止”. Now please work in pairs and ask and answer about what you have learnt so far / up to now this term, in your lessons at school.
A sample version:
A: What have you learnt in your English lessons so far this term
B: I’ve learnt three modules.
A: What have you learnt in your maths lessons up to now
B: ...
Step IV Homework
Complete the Exercises 1, 2 ＆ 4 on page 85.
The Fourth Period Listening
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 词汇和短语
committee, organisation, unemployed, household, occupation, professional, manual, employment, fascinating, population, butcher, greengrocer, traditional, personally, all one’s life, a great many, as a result
b. 重点句式
Am I right in thinking that... P35
The streets are safer as a result. P35
We make it 1,400. P35
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to learn about the work of neighbourhood committee.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable the students to learn how the neighbourhood committee works and what they can do to help their neighbours.
Teaching important points 教学重点
Enable the students to understand the new words introducing neighbourhood committee.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
Enable the students to pick some important numbers and data from listening material.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Discussion and listening.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A recorder and a projector.
Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Greetings and Revision
T: Good morning / afternoon, everyone!
Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms...
T: Before we begin a new lesson, let’s check the homework.
Check the homework.
Step II Listening and Vocabulary
T: Today we are going to listen to some materials. Before we listen to the first passage, please look at some words on the slide. Most of them are unfamiliar to you. Look them up in your dictionary and get their meanings. Then discuss with each other to guess what the passage is about.
Show the words on the slide.
neighbourhood, committee, organisation, join, club, unemployed, survey, information, household, population, occupation, professional, manual, worker
T: What does the word “committee” mean Who’d like to explain it in English
S: It means “a group of people appointed to deal with a particular matter”.
e.g. the transport committee 运输委员会
the football club committee 足球俱乐部委员会
T: How about “organisation”
S: It means “a group of persons organized for a particular purpose; an association”.
e.g. a local organisation 一个地方组织
a benevolent organization一个慈善组织
...
Deal with the rest of the words in the same way.
T: From these words, can you guess what the passage is about
S: I think it is a passage introducing an organization.
S: I think the passage is about a survey of a neighbourhood.
...
T: Very good. You are all right. What you said is contained in the passage more or less. Now let’s listen to the passage and check out what it is about on earth.
Play the tape for the first time.
T: After you listen to the passage, what do you think it is about
Ss: The passage is about a neighbourhood group.
T: Yes, you are right. Now I will play Part 2 for you. Before I play the tape, you should read the chart to get the listening points first. When I play it, you should listen carefully and try your best to grasp the important information. Then when I play it again, please complete the chart.
Play the tape twice. Check the answers to the questions.
T: Turn to page 38, EVERYDAY ENGLISH. Read the 7 questions first. Then we’ll listen to the passage again.
After playing the tape.
T: Have you got the answers
Ss: Yes.
T: These expressions are very useful spoken English. Practice them after class with your partners.
Ask several students to present their answers and check them. Then do PRONUNCIATION to help the students learn which words in a sentence should be stressed.
T: Please turn to page 37 and do PRONUNCIATION. When you listen to the extract, underline the stressed words in each sentence. Pay attention to the stressed words.
Then let the students work in pairs to read the extract, stressing the underlined words.
Explanation:
句子中较重要的词应重读，其它词可不重读，这就是句子重音。通常需重读的词有名词、动词（除to be, to have,助动词和情态动词）、形容词、副词、数词、疑问代词和指示代词、疑问副词、名词性物主代词、反身代词等等。而冠词、连词、介词和人称代词等一般不重读。
T: OK! Now please work in groups of four to talk about the neighbourhood committee in your area by asking and answering the following questions.
1. What do you know about the committee
2. How have they helped people
3. Would you like to be on the committee when you are older
4. What have you done to help in your neighbourhood
A sample version:
S1: In my opinion, the job of the neighbourhood committee is to look after the neighbourhood, such as solving problems between neighbours,keeping the neighbourhood safe etc.
S2: I think they help people in almost every aspect.
S3: When I am older, I would like to be on the committee, because I am willing to help people. Just as the saying goes: A near neighbour is better than a distant cousin. We should help each other.
S4: The other day, I helped Grandma Li clean her room because she caught a cold and didn’t feel well. I will continue helping in my neighbourhood. I think helping others is the virtue of us Chinese.
Step III Listening and Speaking
T: Now please look at some questions on the slide and discuss them. Three minutes later, I will ask some of you to answer them.
Show the questions on the slide.
1. What’s it like living on an island
2. What are the advantages of living in your town
3. Where will you live when you leave home
4. Where would you like to live
5. How long have you lived in this neighbourhood
6. What is life like in the countryside
After three minutes.
Sample answers:
1. Living on an island isn’t so good, but also isn’t so bad. The advantages are we can live quietly and we can breathe fresh air. The disadvantage is we almost haven’t any entertainment.
2. Living in a town has many advantages. When you want to visit others in the town, you don’t have to take a bus. Perhaps you can go there on foot. Moreover, if you like living quietly, you’d better live in a town. Besides, the air in a town is fresh.
3. To go to high school, I have to leave my home and live in the city of Beijing. For me, I think it’s better and safer to live in the dormitory.
4. I would like to live in a city. There are many attractive things and places in a city.
5. I have lived in this neighbourhood since I was born.
6. Life in the countryside is quiet and simple. But sometimes it is very boring because there are few places to go to and few things to do.
T: OK! Excellent. Now I will play the tape for you to listen to five interviews. The first time when you listen, you should grasp the main idea of every interview and do Exercise 12 on page 89. And the second time, please complete the sentences of Exercise 13. The third time, you can check your answers.
After listening to the tape, check the answers.
T: Next, we’ll read a passage about living on an island on page 89. After you read it, work in pairs to make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of living on an island.
Sample answers:
Advantages: beautiful big house, friendly people, peaceful
Disadvantages: impossible to have a private life, no secondary school, no bank, no hospital, nothing for young people to do in the evenings, no old people’s home
T: You have known the general conditions of living on an island. Now I have a question: Would you like living on an island Why Volunteer
S: I would like to live on an island. I think people there are very kind. I like living simply and don’t like to live in a noisy place.
S: I wouldn’t like to live on an island. Though a city is noisy and sometimes the air isn’t so fresh, I still would like to live in it. When I’m at leisure, I can go to many beautiful places.
...
Step IV Homework
T: Today we have listened to two materials. One is about a neighbourhood group — “the neighbourhood committee”; the other is five interviews talking about different places to live in such as an island, a small town, countryside and cities. After class, you should listen to them again and tell which place you would like to live in.
The Fifth Period Extensive Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
afford, survive, ugly, youth, project, include, competition, create, regular, rewarding, talkative, laughter, contact, individual, go up, take part in, be proud of, be filled with
b. 重点句子
Sometimes villages remain because people from the cities have bought a “second home” in the village, where they come and stay at weekends. P39
We have also formed a special support group to help young people stop smoking. P87
Since the creation of our visiting group, over twenty volunteers have joined us. P87
Up to now, we have organised three group evenings and a concert. P87
Everyone finds the experience rich and rewarding. P87
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Help the students learn about some information about villages in western Europe and an organisation called Community Youth Club.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to compare the villages in western Europe and their areas.
Teaching important && difficult points 教学重点和难点
Find the main idea of the two reading materials.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast reading, discussion and asking-answering activity.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A projector and some slides
Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Greetings
T: Good morning / afternoon, boys and girls!
Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms...
T: In the last period, five persons talked about the places they would like to live in. What about you Where would you like to live Why
A sample answer:
For me, the ideal place to live in is a two-storey building in a quiet and clean countryside. There should be a garden where I can grow some flowers and plants. The air is fresh and there is not much noise. I can drive to the town to buy what I need.
Step II Culture Corner
Pre-reading
T: Now please look at the picture on page 39. This is a picture of a village in western Europe. What do you think of the village Do you want to live there
S: It just looks like a picture, so attractive! I really hope I can live in such a place.
T: But unfortunately there are some problems in these villages. Can you guess what the problems are
S: I think perhaps a big factory will be set up here, so villagers have to move to other places.
S: I guess the water that the villagers drink has been polluted by something discharged from factories and the villagers have to fetch water from a distant place.
While-reading
T: You are full of imagination. Now let’s read the passage quickly and find out what these problems are on earth.
A few minutes later.
T: Time’s up. Who will tell us the problems Volunteer
S: Life has become difficult for many villages, and some are disappearing.
T: Yes, you are right. But what causes the problems
S: There are many reasons. Young people move to towns for a livelier life and work. People can’t afford village house because people from the cities buy them up. Farmers sell their land and stop farming.
T: Excellent. Please read the passage again and summarize the main idea of the passage and the main idea of each paragraph.
Several minutes later, check the summary.
The main idea of the passage:
Some villages in western Europe are disappearing because of several reasons. But these villages are very important to the countryside, so people hope they can survive.
The main idea of each paragraph:
Para. 1: Some villages in western Europe are disappearing.
Para. 2: Reasons for the change of the villages.
Para. 3: Hopes for the survival of the villages.
Post-reading
T: Now I have a question: Do villages in your area have similar problems
S: Yes, I think so. Nowadays, more and more parents encourage their children to study hard and go to universities in cities. With time passing by, the population of villages will become smaller and smaller. As a result, villages will disappear gradually.
Step III Reading
T: Please open your WORKBOOK and turn to page 87. We are going to read an article from a Youth Club magazine. Now read through the article and do some reading comprehension exercises according to it.
Several minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.
T: OK! Since you have finished reading the article, who can tell us the main idea of it. I will give you three minutes to discuss.
Three minutes later, check the answer.
The main idea of the article:
The article introduces an organisation called Community Youth Club. It organizes not only leisure activities but also social activities. And recently it has formed a group which visits the local old people’s home regularly.
T: What leisure activities does the Youth Club organize What social activities does the Youth Club organize
S: Leisure activities are holiday camps, discos and sports competitions, etc.
S: Social activities are activities for small children and forming a support group to help young people stop smoking.
T: Good. Would you like to take part in such an organisation Why
S: I would like to. If I take part in such an organisation, I can join in a lot of interesting projects. I can take part in fun activities such as holiday camps etc.
S: I also would like to. I think smoking is very harmful to people’s health. I want to take part in the group to help people stop smoking.
S: I also would like to. I think taking care of old people is always a virtue of Chinese. Besides, by doing this, I can get to know what the old people are like and have correct ideas of the lives they are leading in the old people’s homes.
T: There are many different kinds of such organizations around us concerning the environment, the disabled, drop-outs, AIDS and so on. They are all very important for a healthy and harmonious society. I hope everyone can choose one that interests you and do something for our society.
Step IV Language Points
T: Let’s look at the screen. I will explain some language points to you.
Show the slide.
1. Our local Community Youth Club is a very popular organisation with young people in my town.
“be popular with sb” is used to express the meaning of “admired or enjoyed by sb”.
e.g. Jeans are popular with young people.
I’m not very popular with the boss at the moment.
2. We have also formed a special support group to help young people stop smoking!
“to help ...” is used to express the purpose.
3. Sometimes villages remain because people from the cities have bought a “second home” in the village, where they come and stay at weekends.
The clause introduced by “where” is an attributive one.
e.g. The store where they put their goods is behind the supermarket.
Step V Homework
T: Today we’ve learned about two reading materials and also learnt some useful words and expressions. After class, please go over these words and expressions. Besides, listen to the tape of the passages and imitate the pronunciation. The most important thing you will have to do is to contact your neighbourhood committee to do a social survey of your neighbourhood. You should ask them what they have done recently and what the recent changes of your neighbourhood are. Make some notes while you are doing the survey.
The Sixth Period Writing
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
gallery, exchange, get out into, get away from
b. 重点句子 P37
But there are times when I need the peace and quiet of the countryside.
Cities are interesting, and they can be beautiful, but they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is beautiful.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to plan a presentation to give a brief report of a neighbourhood.
Enable the students to use and to link similar ideas and but to contrast ideas.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to write a brief report of a neighbourhood.
Teaching important && difficult points 教学重点和难点
How to explain the use of and and but in sentences or passages.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Task-based learning, discussion and writing.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A projector and some slides.
Teaching procedures ＆ ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Writing
T: Good morning / afternoon, boys and girls!
Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr. / Ms...
T: Please look at the sentence on the slide from the text A Lively City. Pay attention to the way the words and and but are used.
Show the sentence on the slide.
You know, I’ve seen quite a lot of China, and I’ve visited some beautiful cities, but this is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to.
T: Who can tell us the difference between and and but.
S: I think “and” indicates some additional information is being given, while “but” indicates the following information is going to modify the previous statement in some way.
T: Yes, you are quite right. Now that you have understood the meanings of the two words, please complete the paragraph on page 37 with and or but. I will give you five minutes to finish it. You may discuss with each other.
Five minutes later, check the answers. Then ask some students to make sentences using and and but.
T: Who’d like to make sentences using and or but.
S: My shoes are very beautiful and comfortable, but they are pretty expensive.
S: He’s a nice and clever boy, but he’s quite lazy.
T: OK! You did a good job.
Step II Practice (P90, Workbook)
Ask the students to work in pairs and make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of their neighbourhood, and then using and and but to link similar ideas and contrast ideas respectively to write a short passage about where they live.
T: In this module, we have learnt about how to describe neighbourhood by reading and listening to some materials. Now please work in pairs and discuss with your partners about your neighbourhood. Then make a list of the advantages and disadvantages.
A sample list:
Where I live
Advantages Disadvantages
comfortable big house noisy
convenient transportation fairly dirty
friendly people far from the school
near a park
Ask some students to read their lists.
T: OK! Very good. Then can you write a short passage describing your neighbourhood using and and but I will give you fifteen minutes to finish it. Then I will ask some of you to read your passages.
Fifteen minutes later.
A sample version:
I live with my parents in a ten-storey building near the center of the city. And we have a comfortable and big house. Though everyone living in the building is busy, we visit our neighbours when we are free. I have to go to school by bus every day because our house is far from the school. Fortunately, here the transportation is very convenient. But because of a lot of cars and buses, the air here isn’t fresh and sometimes it’s fairly dirty. And there is much noisy. Every morning we can go to the park nearby to breathe some fresh air and do exercises.
Step III Task
The purpose of this writing task is to enable the students to plan a presentation to give a brief report of their neighbourhood.
T: In the last period, I asked you to contact your neighbourhood committee to do a social survey. Have you finished it
Ss: Yes.
T: OK! Now I will give you fifteen minutes to write a short passage to give a brief report of your neighbourhood according to your notes. In the passage, you can tell us the recent changes in your neighbourhood and what the neighbourhood committee has done recently. Then I’ll ask some of you to read your passages to the class.
Fifteen minutes later, ask some students to read their passages.
A sample version:
In China, the neighbourhood committee plays a very important role in almost every residential community all over the country. Its job is to look after the neighbourhood and to solve problems for the community, such as the security of the area, taking care of elderly people etc.
Recently the neighbourhood committee of our community has held several meetings discussing how to solve a problem. What is the problem The road we use every day was built many years ago and now it has become very old and shabby. It becomes more and more difficult for people or vehicles to travel, especially when it is raining. The committee made a decision to rebuild the road. After the meetings, the committee has decided to collect money from every family of the community to mend the road. When I visited the committee, the money needed has been collected. I believe a month later, we will see a brand new road.
Step IV Homework
1. Summarize what you have learnt in this module.
2. Preview the next module.
附 件
The Neighbourhood Committee
Most Chinese residents are used to the term and functions of their neighbourhood committee, which, as the grass-roots government organization, handles the day-to-day affairs in the community. However, in the newly set-up international communities in the Pudong District of Shanghai, most of the residents are foreigners. They are not used to such administrative institute and its functions. When Yandlord Neighbourhood Committee was established in 2002 in Yandlord Garden (one of the international communities), some foreign residents showed an indifferent and even hostile attitude towards the committee and its work, because some regarded it as a spy working for the government to watch the activities of the residents. Here lies the cultural gap between the Chinese and the foreigners from western countries.
The neighbourhood committee has a certain number of members that can be divided into two types: the formal staff assigned by the government with monthly pay and the resident representatives who, elected by their residents in the community, work as volunteers. The committee holds regular meetings on monthly basis to discuss problems concerning the community and handle them correctly, such as the security of the area, sanitation problem, taking care of elderly people who live alone, and even family planning.
As a matter of fact, the neighbourhood committee plays an indispensable role in Chinese social life.
Tourist attractions in Xiamen
Gulang Islet Tourist Area
Gulang islet of Xiamen is a major scenic spot in the country and enjoys laudatory titles of the “Garden on the Sea”, “Land of Music” and “Land of Piano”.
Gulang islet is in the south of Xiamen with an area of 1.78 square kilometres, separated form the downtown by a 500 m-wide strait. Its name, meaning “drumming wave” came from the rocks in the southwest that give a drumming sound when high tide hits them. On the undulate hills, villas of western styles are embedded in the green trees, red flowers, blue waves and white clouds, thus, the islet is praised to be a “Museum of International Architecture.” The courtyards and small lanes among flowers and trailers are completely free from noise of vehicles and filled with fragrance and melodious music, giving one sense of fairyland.
Today, Gulangyu is listed as one of the nation’s major scenic spot. The main sites of interest here include the Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Park, Gangzihou Bathing Beach and Zheng Chenggong Museum, which are visited annually by millions of people from all parts of the country and the world.
Sunlight Rock
The rock is also called Huang Rock (Dazzling Bright Rock),
which is located on the top of Dragon Head Mountain slightly south of the islet’s center. It is 92.68 meters above sea level, being the peak of the whole islet. On the top, there is a sightseeing platform, where tourists can have a panoramic view of Xiamen and Gulang islet.
On the mountain, huge and precipitous rocks form many caves and gullies. Pavilions are hidden among green trees. If you go up the steps, you will come to the Lotus Flower Convent first, where a huge rock named “A Piece of Tile”, sitting on the top, forms a hall below. On the large rocks beside the convent are inscribed “Wonderland of Gulang”, “Heavenly Wind and Sea Billows”, and “Number One along the Egret River”.
Close to the convent is the historical site of Zheng Chenggong’s Dragon Head Mountain Fastness and the platform for directing the raining of his seamen. In addition, plenty of caves, ancient walls and stone carvings can be seen indistinctly among the trees. They would stir up people’s feelings and lead them to contemplate the present and recall the past. It takes only about 10 minutes’ walk from the ferry to the rock.
Shuzhuang Garden
Established in 1931, the garden is located in the south of the islet,
facing the sea and against the Sunlight Rock, with tourist village in the east and the Gangzihou Bathing Beach in the west. Originally it was the private villa of a local celebrity Lin Erjia and was transformed into a garden open to the public in 1955.
The whole garden can be divided into two parts — Canghai Garden for sea views and Bushan Garden for hill views. Each part has five sightseeing spots. Walking on the meandered Forty-four Bridge, tourists would feel as if they were walking on water. And Twelve-Cave Paradise, the tortuous, interlinked and spiraled rockery built on the hill, are especially interesting. The scenic spots in the garden are well proportioned, complementary and harmonious. The garden is on the sea and the sea is included in the garden. The garden combines the beauty of exquisite garden with vigorous sea view of splashing waves and hovering seagulls. Activity and inertia contrast and complement each other. Visitors are always attracted and enchanted by the beautiful scenes.
Bright Moon Garden
The garden is located in the southeast of the islet, facing the Lujiang harbor. The garden occupies an area of nearly 20,000 square kilometers. It was established in August 1985. The Zheng Chenggong Statue, standing between the sky and the earth, is the main structure of the garden. It is 15.7 meters in height, and is the biggest Chinese historical figure statue. On the plaza in the garden a group of bonze statues show us the historical scene of driving out the Dutch invaders out of Taiwan under the leadership of Zheng Chenggong.
The garden forms a wonderful view combining buildings of Ming Dynasty style with natural beauty, like gulls, trees, and sea view and mountain sight. Altogether they constitute a picture of natural beauty. It only takes five minutes’ walk from the ferry to the garden. Every main crossing has clear direction signs. With them, you can never get lost on the islet.
Yu Garden
Going along the Zhangzhou Road or Fuxin Road by the side of Bright Moon Garden, we reach Yu Garden. This beautiful and peaceful garden was built in 1984 in memory of people’s medical scientist, expert of gynecology and obstetrics, Professor Lin Qiaozhi. The garden is well proportioned. There is a statue of Professor Lin, made of white marble in the garden. Beside the Exhibition Room for Lin Qiaozhi’s Life Story, the two hoop pines, planted by our famous revolutionist Deng Yingchao, represent the noble character of Professor Lin.
Piano Garden
Piano Garden is a tourist attraction, which is pervaded with a deep cultural atmosphere. It is located on the Hero Mountain on the islet, standing opposite to the Sunlight Rock. It consists of several different parts, all of which were named in relation with music, especially with the piano, such as Melody Square, Thinking-of-piano Square, Harmonious Music Building, Flowing Music Building, Lingering Sound Gate, etc.
The islet is also famous for its ownership of pianos, ranking No.1 in China, and there are many talented musicians and pianists coming from here. It is often referred to as “islet of Pianos” and “Cradle of Musicians.” On pleasant days, if you walk on the islet, in the peaceful streets, the music played on the piano and the violin from houses and gardens will surely bring you great happiness and relaxation.
Sea View Garden
Sea View Garden is an holiday villa with unique natural scenes in the southeast part Gulang islet. With an area of 100,000 square metres, it combines the delightful serenity of traditional Chinese gardens and the lively openess of the western-style villas. Under the management of Xiamen Gulang islet Sea View Garden Holiday Villa Co. Ltd, the garden not only boasts of landscape of sea and mountains, but also possesses a joint foreign-concerning villa hotel to serve guests, conference needs and tour groups both home and abroad. Equipped with luxurious suites, general suites, standard rooms, a sea-food restaurant, a karaoke hall, a dancing hall, a market place, yachts and a special dock, the hotel can also provide other services like dining and lodging, entertainment and the one-day sightseeing on the sea package tour.
Xiamen Museum (Eight Diagrams Building)
Standing in a high place anywhere in Xiamen, you can easily find the two landmarks of Gulang islet: Sunlight Rock on the highest peak by Lujiang Harbor and Eight Diagrams Building overlooking Xiamen and Gulang islet. The original owner of the building — Lin Heshou, cousin of Lin Erjia, original owner of Shuzhuang Garden, set up the building in 1907.
Now it is Xiamen Museum. Because of its special red round roof in shape of the Eight Diagrams, people call it Eight Diagrams Building. Within the museum, there are records of Xiamen’s history and developments, the construction process of the SEZ, its sports accomplishments and development of its relationships with other cities and countries. There are also collection of porcelain, jade and weapons through the ages.Module 4 单元测试题
一、单项选择：
1. Turn on CCTV-2 and you ____ advertisements showing happy families.
A. will often see B. often see
C. are often seeing D. have often seen
2. –Tim, there is _____ Mr Wang at the school gate for you.
-- I’m in ____ bath.
A. a, the B. the, a C. a, / D. the, /
3. Don’t get off the bus until it ____.
A. has stopped .B. stopped C. will stop D. shall stop
4. The Smiths live on the 15th ____ in the forty-three ____ apartment block.
A. floor, storeys b. floor, stories
c. storeys, floor d. stories, floor
5. The man standing over there is ____ our city team, playing a main position.
A. in B. of C. with D. on
6. How can you possibly miss the news It ____ on the radio all day long.
A. has been B. had been
C. was D. will be
7. –Can I spend more time on the menu before I order
-- Of course, _______, madame.
A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself
C. It doesn’t matter D. Take your time
8. Please remember to leave things ____ you can find them easily.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
9. –What was the party like
--Wonderful. It is years ____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. when C. before D. since
10. Man will not know the difficulty of anything ____ he does it personally.
A. although B. if C. because D. unless
11. It was the third time that she _____ the Great Wall.
A. went to B. had been to
C. visited D. visit
12. The price of petrol is ____ day by day. A car owner spends more money now.
A. rising up B. going up
C. going down D. falling
13. Taiwan is ____ the east of People’s Republic of China.
A. on B. to C. in D./
14. It will be good for you to ____ from home and earn some money on your own.
A. run away B. take away
C. keep away D. get away
15. Helen always helps her mother even though going to work ____ most of her day.
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A 16 thing happened 17 me last Sunday. It was such a beautiful day 18 I drove to go for a look in the country.
On the way back home, my 19 stopped. It was out of gas on a 20 road far from a town! I decided to walk 21 I found someone who could sell some gas. I had walked almost a mile 22 I finally found a house near the 23 . I was glad to see it because it was getting dark.
I knocked at the door and a little old lady with long white hair 24 She said, “I’ve been 25 for you here for a long e in. 26 is almost ready.”
“But I only came for some gas,” I answered. I couldn’t 27 what she was talking about.
“Oh, Alfred! Gas You 28 tea,” said she.
I quickly 29 that my car was out of 30 , but she didn’t seem to listen to me. She just kept 31 me Alfred and talking about how long it had been 32 she had seen me. She was acting very strangely and I was 33 to leave. As soon as she went to get tea, I went out of the house as fast as I could.
Fortunately, there was another house down the road and I was able to buy the gas I needed. When I told the man about my 34 , he said, “Oh, that’s Miss Emily. She lives by herself in that big house. She’s strange, but she wouldn’t 35 anybody. She is still waiting for the man she was going to marry thirty years ago. The day before their wedding he left home and never came back because of the war.”
16. A. happy B. strange C. common D. bad
17. A. on B. in C. upon D. to
18. A. and B. so C. but D. that
19. A. car B. bus C. bike D. truck
20. A. narrow B. lonely C. crowded D. busy
21. A. when B. so that C. until D. because
22. A. before B. after C. while D. as
23. A. street B. path C. way D. road
24. A. came B. answered C. opened D. appeared
25. A. asking B. looking C. calling D. waiting
26. A. Gas B. Coffee C. Tea D. Lunch
27. A. consider B. understand C. accept D. think
28. A. like B. liked C. used to like D. liking
29. A. answered B. explained C. refused D. promised
30. A. gas B. tea C. strength D. energy
31. A. calling B. call C. to call D. called
32. A. until B. before C. since D. when
33. A. anxious B. interested C. glad D. ready
34. A. accident B. incident C. experience D. surprise
35. A. wound B. injury C. hurt D. frighten
三、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some years ago, an American policeman found a woman lying near a lonely road. She did not appear to have an accident, but she was shaking and clearly in a state of shock, so he rushed her to the hospital. She began to tell the doctor on duty a story which was astonishing in all respects.
She had been driving along a country road when she had been stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying saucer by creatures which looked like human beings and which could easily make themselves understood although they could not speak.
They could read her thoughts and she could read theirs. They tested her politely and allowed her to leave after carrying out a number of tests on her. As she otherwise seemed to be normal, the doctor decided that she was probably suffering from the side effects (副作用) of some medicine. The woman insisted on being allowed to go home, but when she gave her address, it was in a town over a thousand miles from the hospital. The police then started to make inquiries (打听) and soon discovered that there was already a search going on for the woman, whose husband badly reported that she had disappeared. Her car had been found with the driver’s door open and the engine running. In front of the car the surface of the road had been completely destroyed—not by an explosion (爆炸) or anything of that kind, but as if a large, round, white-hot object had burnt through it.
36. What happened to the woman
A. She was sick.
B. She had an accident.
C. She saw a flying saucer and was taken away by some creatures.
D. She couldn’t find her husband.
37. The underlined phrase “in all respects” in the first paragraph means _____.
A. From one’s point of view. B. Show admiration or politeness.
C. In one’s opinion. D. Look at a problem from all aspects.
38. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. The woman was telling a lie. B. The woman was telling the truth.
C. The woman had mental disease. D. The woman had a strange dream.
B
People are not as honest as they once were. The temptation (诱惑) to steal is greater than ever before especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday morning. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took it and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was caught, the detective found out that the shop-assistant was her daughter. The girl “gave” her mother a free dress once a week.
39. The writer told us that _____.
A. long, long ago all people were honest
B. people had once been honest
C. people used to be more honest
D. people had become more and more honest
40. The well-dressed woman often went to a large store to _____.
A. visit her daughter B. see if there was anything cheap to buy.
C. help the detective with his work D. steal something
41. The detective was easier to watch the woman because _____.
A. there were not many people in the store that day
B. she was better-dressed than anyone else in the store
C. Monday was the first day he began to work and he was very active
D. the shop assistant had told him that she was a thief
42. When the woman went out of the store _____.
A. there were fewer people in the street than usual
B. she was warmly greeted by the policeman
C. she remembered that she hadn’t paid the assistant
D. the detective stopped her and found out she was a thief
43. “Free” in this article means _____.
A. not working B. not in prison
C. not for sale D. not cost any money
C
Mr. Smith lived in a small village. He grew vegetables. Years ago he found work in a big city and moved there with his family.
On the first Saturday in their new home, Mr. Smith took his new car out of the garage (车库) and washed it. A man came at the moment. When he saw Mr. Smith’s new car, he stopped and looked at it for a few minutes. Then Mr. Smith turned and saw him.
The man said, “That’s a nice car. Is it yours ”
“Sometimes,” Smith answered with a smile.
“Sometimes ” The man said. “What do you mean ”
“Well,” answered Smith slowly, “When there’s a party in town, it is my daughter’s, Mary. When there’s a football game, it’s my son’s, John. After I wash it, and it looks really nice and clean, it’s my wife’s. And when it needs gas, it’s mine.”
44. The Smiths moved to _____.
A. a small town B. a big city
C. a small village D. a farm
45. _____ often went to watch football games.
A. Mr. Smith B. Mrs. Smith
C. Mary D. John
46. Mr. Smith always had to _____.
A. buy a car B. drive the car
C. buy gas and clean the car D. clean the house
47. Which of the following is true
A. Everyone except Mrs. Smith could drive the car.
B. Mr. Smith used the car after he washed it.
C. The car was not Mr. Smith’s.
D. Each of the Smiths had got a license.
四、书面表达
要求：
1．根据提示写一篇文章，论述电视对儿童的危害。
2．文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
3．字数在100字左右。
提示：
1．看电视已成为大多数家庭生活的一部分，很多人认为，看电视对儿童不利。
2．看电视对儿童的不利影响是（某些节目不适合少年儿童，耽误学习，影响休息）……
3．因此……
Nowadays, watching TV has become part of people’s life in most families. Although there are many excellent programmes for children, many people…
参考答案：
1—15 AAAAD ADBDD BBCDA
16—35 BDDAB CADBD CBCBA ACACC
36—47 CDBCD ADDBD CD
One possible version:
Nowadays, watching TV has become part of people’s life in most families. Although there are many excellent programmes for children, many people feel it harmful for them. There are several reasons for this.
First of all, some programmes are not good for children to watch. Second, television can affect children’s eyesight. Third, if they watch TV too long each day, they won’t be able to finish their homework in time. Also, if they stay up too late at night watching TV, they will feel sleepy in class, and thus won’t be able to keep up with others.
So watching too much television can be harmful to children, both mentally and physically. Parents should know what programmes their children are watching. Every coin has two sides. Children must be under control when they watch television.I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语意思，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. At the age of fifteen, he left his h________ and went to Shanghai himself.
2. As everybody knows, the mosquitoes are a n________.
3. “How much is the r________ for this house ” the boy asked the owner.
4. David managed to escape, but the others were not so f_________.
5. We bought a t_________ handbook before going travelling.
6. The Forbidden City is one of the world’s greatest works of _________ (建筑).
7. Each living ________ （区域） in this city is fenced round with trees.
8. The boats in the ________ (海港) were safe during the storm.
9. She’s very nice but I don’t really find her ________ (有吸引力的).
10. I love your dress! It’s such a ________ (漂亮的) colour!
II. 根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. I’m sorry ____________（打扰您）, but can you tell me what time it is now
2. The sheep got lost in the desert and ____________ （饿死了）.
3. The Spring Festival ____________ （快到了）. A lot of people were busy going shopping.
4. She is ____________ （最年轻的学生之一） who have past the exam.
5. It has been years ____________ （自从我们上次见面）.
III. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
1. 人们在原来是电影院的地方建了一个新剧院。(put up)
2. 这是我第一次读这本小说。 (This is the first time ...)
3. 她的黑眼睛很迷人。 (attractive)
4. 听她的声音像是感冒了。 (sound)
5. 这是一次相当严重的事故，其中有68个人受伤。(pretty)
参考答案：
I. 1. hometown 2. nuisance 3. rent 4. fortunate 5. tourist
6. architecture 7. district 8. harbour 9. attractive
10. gorgeous
II. 1. to bother you 2. starved to death 3. was approaching
4. one of the youngest students
5. since we saw each other last time
III. 1. A new theatre has been put up where used to be a cinema. 2. This is the first time that I have read the novel.
3. Her dark eyes are very attractive.
4. Her voice sounds as if she has a cold.
5. It was a pretty serious accident, in which 68 people were injured.模块4 词汇学习学案
Ask the students to recite the usage of words.
survey: [ s :'vei ]
n. 纵览,视察,测量
v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查
例句与用法:
1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside.
我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。
2. A survey of the property shows that the northern boundary is not correct.
对这块地产的测量表明，它北面的边界线是不正确的。
3. This survey is the work of a real professional.
这份调查是真正内行人做的.
attractive
adj. 有吸引力的,引起注意的
Examples:
1. The photo made him quite attractive.
照片把他拍得相当英俊。
2. She is pretty rather than attractive.
她是漂亮，而不吸引人。
3. Although our looks differ, we are both attractive.
尽管我俩相貌不同，但都讨人喜欢。
4. I think she is a very attractive girl.
我认为她是很有魅力的女孩。
5. Ice cream is attractive to children.
冰淇淋对孩子们非常有吸引力。
pretty
漂亮的
ad. 相当地
Examples:
1. The little girl is pretty.
这个小女孩很漂亮。
2. What a pretty little garden!
多么漂亮的小花园！
3. His good looks won him the election but he has still to prove that he's not just a pretty face.
他由于仪表堂堂而当选，但他尚须证明决非徒有其表。
4. Renovating that house will cost you a pretty penny.
为了整修那所房子，你得花很多钱。
sound
声音,吵闹,海峡
a. 健全的,可靠的,合理的
v. 听,发出声音,测量
Examples:
1. They have got home safe and sound.
他们已平安到家。
2. I caught a curious sound in the neighboring room.
我听到隔壁房间里有奇怪的响声。
3. He's always sounding off about how he would manage the firm.
他总是大言不惭地说他能把公司经营好
bother
烦扰
Examples:
1. Don't bother yourself about me; I am doing quite well.
别为我操心，我一切都好。
2. It bothers me that he can be so insensitive.
他这样麻木不仁，我心里很不痛快。
3. The problem has been bothering me for weeks.
那问题已经困扰了我几个星期。
4. He could produce excellent work but usually he can't be bothered.
他其实可以把工作做好，可他往往嫌费事而不干。
approach
n. 途径,方法
v. 靠近,接近,动手处理
Examples:
1. The lion's approach drove away the small animals.
狮子一走近，小动物们都跑开了。
2. Silently we approached the enemy's camp.
我们静悄悄地逼近敌人的营地。
3. All approaches to the city were blocked.
通往这座城市的所有道路都被封锁了。
4. There are several ways of approaching the problem.
处理这个问题有好几个方法。
5. Heavy footsteps signaled the teacher's approach.
沉重的脚步声显示教师已经走近了。
6. The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house.
我们要想一想买新房子的事了，时机即将来临。
7. That's the nearest approach to a smile he ever makes.
那已算是他能做出的最近乎微笑的表示了。
8. All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.
通往宫殿的所有道路都有部队把守。
contact
接触,联系
Examples:
1. Have the children been in contact with disease
孩子们同这种疾病有过接触吗？
2. We made contact with the ship by radio.
我们通过无线电同那只船保持联系。
3. For further information, contact your local agent.
要进一步了解情况，请与本地代理商联系。
4. I've got a useful contact in the post office.
我在邮局有熟人。
5. I finally made contact with her in Paris.
我终於在巴黎同她取得了联系。
6. I have a useful contact in New York.
我在纽约有个有用的人可以联系。
survive
v. 生存,生还
Examples:
1. In the jungle, they were driven to extremes in order to survive.
在丛林中, 他们为了生存被迫采取极端行动.
2. The human race cannot survive.
人类不能继续生存。
3. Will we all survive until the year 2000 That's the sixty-four thousand dollar question.
我们大家是否都能活到公元2000年 这个问题很难回答.
4. These birds are able to survive the perils of the Arctic winter.
这些鸟能够战胜北极冬天的危险。
5. If the industry doesn't modernize it will not survive.
该制造业若不现代化就不能继续存在.
6. You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.
要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志.
7. The urge to survive drove them on.
求生的欲望驱使他们继续努力.
afford
Examples:
1. I can't afford a holiday this summer.
今年夏天我无法度假。
2. These trees afford a pleasant shade.
这些树提供了荫凉。
exchange
n. 交换,汇兑,交易所
v. 交换,交易,兑换
Examples:
1. A soldier was wounded in the exchange.
一名士兵在交火中受伤。
2. He gave me an apple in exchange of an orange.
他给我一个苹果，交换一个橙子。
3. We exchanged our opinions about the event at the meeting.
在会上，我们就此事交换了意见。
occupation
1.. He returned from Paris and found his office was under someone else's occupation.
他从巴黎回来，发现他的办公室被别人占了。
2. He is a merchant in occupation.
他的职业是经商。
3. Riding is her favorite occupation.
骑马是她最喜欢的消遣。
4. Please state your name, age and occupation.
请说明姓名、年龄和职业。
5. What's your occupation ' I'm a dancer.'
｀你的职业是什么 ＇｀我是跳舞的.＇
6. I haven't entered your name and occupation yet.
我尚未记下你的名字和职业.模块4 Reading and vocabulary 学案
一预习P32 .完成句子
1. _____________________________________________________.
从上次我们见面以来已有六年了....
2___________________________________________________
这是我第一次来你们家乡．
3. But this is one of the most attractive places I've been to.
__________________________________________________________
4. I feel fortunate living here.
____________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________
天气怎么样啊？
6．________________________________ but it can be quite cold in the winter.
夏天相当热、相当潮湿…
7. _________________________________________
一位朋友告诉我这里有一家不错的小海鲜餐馆。
二 选择题
------How long has this bookshop been in business
--------____________ 1982.
After B. In C. From D. Since
It was a long time ____ we met again.
A. before B. since C. for D. when
3) ---- Do you know my town at all
----- No. This is the first time I _______ here.
was B. have been C. came D. am coming
4) She was scolded because that was the third time that she _______ late to work.
has been B. came C. had been D. has come
5)It's time that ____ to pick up my little daughter from school.
I went B. for me to go C. I go D. for my going
6) You’ve been studying all the morning. It's high time _____ rest.
to B. for C. for you have D. that you have had.
7）_________ students are required to take part in the boat race.
A. Ten strong young Chinese. B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese.
8）--------- How was your recent visit to Qingdao
--------- It was great. We visited some friends, and spent ______ days at the seaside.
few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
It's been six years since we last saw each other, you know.
This is the first time I've visited your hometown.
3. 但这是我到过的最吸引人的地方之一。
4. 我感到十分幸运生活在这里.
5. What is the climate like
6. Pretty hot and wet in the summer.
7. A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.
The key: 1)D 2) A 3)B 4)C 5)A 6)A 7) A 8) BModule 4 A Social Survey-My Neighborhood
教材分析
外研社高一新课程教材第四模块这一部分内容主要是通过社会调查这个方法来使学生关注自己生活的社区及其发展，培养学生热爱家乡的意识和社会责任感。该教学模块安排有描写居家的两篇短文，介绍Xiamen的一篇文章，介绍社区的一篇听力材料，文化角部分是介绍西欧农村的阅读文章，以及围绕主题的一些口语和写作活动，学习的语法项目是现在完成时。根据新课标我设计教材内容和意图如下：让学生通过听文章和阅读文章来培养他们的听力和阅读能力，同时搭配上适当的问题，让学生有目的地去听去读，培养他们用英语获取信息和解决问题的能力，更好地理解文章内容；通过处理相关的知识点和重点词汇短语，可以帮助学生充实课文的学习；后面加上适当的讨论，巩固学习的效果并且培养学生的合作意识。以此为基础再设计安排一些语法学习和写作，培养他们的综合技能，为以后的学习作良好的铺垫。
学情分析
高一学生刚接触高中英语学习，又是新课程改革的第一批学生，他们的年龄特点等等这些都决定了他们对新事物的好奇心和强烈的求知欲，对新事物的热情是学生学习的优势。但是学生在英语基础上的差异和初高中英语要求的不同，使得学生要有时间去适应并调整，这些是学生学习英语存在的客观条件，教师要给予必要的指导和关注，才能使学生顺利地度过这个过渡时期。
根据新课程标准确立教学目标如下
1. 知识与技能：围绕“My neighbourhood”这个话题通过有效的课堂活动训练学生的综合技能
1. 掌握描写社区的词汇和相关表达；
2. 学会介绍和描绘自己的家；
3. 口头描述自己的社区；
4. 写作关于社区的报告；
5. 掌握现在完成时的用法。
2. 过程与方法：通过听录音和阅读文章获取相关信息；通过观察分析教材中的句子来体现在完成时的构成和用法；教师指导和合作学习；引导学生积极地学习，主动探究；提高学生用英语去分析和解决问题的能力。
3. 情感态度价值观：培养学生的合作意识；引导学生热爱自己的社区和家乡；通过引导学生关注社区的发展来培养他们的社会责任感。
Period 1: Introduction, Reading & vocabulary
Teaching aims: Enable the students to
1. learn more words to describe their homes
2. grasp the main idea of the passage in reading and vocabulary.
Teaching steps:
1. Introduction: Vocabulary and writing
Before opening the books, think about the neighbourhood you live in. Try to think out as many words as possible about buildings.
stone, bricks, high-rise building, apartment, floor, storey…
Turn to page 31. Read the words in Activity 1.
Now tell me which words do you use to describe buildings
apartment, apartment block, five-story, high-rise building, floor, stone.
2. Reading: Read about the homes of the two students. Tell us which one is more similar to yours.
What kind of home do you like Why
3. Language points:
1) sixteen-year-old Zhang Hua
a five-storey apartment block
the house is two storeys high
2) in the south of China
in the northeast of the city
4. Reading and Vocabulary ( page 32).
First look at the picture. Do you know where this place is
Have you ever been to Xiamen or have you heard Xiamen
What do you know about it
Suppose I want to know something about a city. What should you tell me about it
Listen to the tape of the text and make a note of what you think is important about Xiamen.
one of the most attractive, friendly, the most interesting cities, the climate, many tourists, modern, high-rise buildings, harbour, pretty parks, Gulangyu Island, restaurant…
5. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
1.) Who is visiting whose hometown
2.) Where does Xiao Li live
3.) What’s the climate/weather like there
4.) Which district is the most interesting part of Xiamen
5.) What is Gulangyu Island like
6. Try to finish Activity 1 and Activity 2.
7. Read the text again and try to say something about the lively city-Xiamen.
8. Ask some to tell about the city with the help of this clue.
hometown→beautiful cities→friendly →fortunate→climate→ apartment→business district→shopping malls→dress → present→ harbor→district→island→restaurant.
9. Homework:
1) Read the passage several times to get more familiar with the information in it.
2) Try to retell about the city.
Period 2: Reading and vocabulary
Teaching aims: Enable the students
1. to be more familiar with the passage
2. to master the usage of some language points
Teaching steps:
1. Revision.
First revise the words on page 31. Ask the following questions:
1、Do you remember Zhang Hua Say something about him;
2、Lin Xiaoyun lives in the north of China.
Please give some more details.
Now revise the passage learned in last period. Please point out the mistakes in the following passage. Try to use the information you got last period.
John is visiting Xiao Li’s hometown, Hainan. They haven’t seen each other for 7 years. This is the second time John has visited there. He thinks Xiamen is one of the most boring places he has been to. Xiao Li loves living by the roadside. He and John are walking around Xiamen, talking about the weather, the apartment block, the business district, the western district and Gulangyu Island, but not the moon. At last they are too hungry (starving) to drive on. So they park the car and go over to a mutton restaurant for lunch.
2. Paraphrase these sentences ─ competition
1. It’s been six years since we last saw each other.
2. It can be quite cold in the winter.
3. They can be a nuisance in the summer.
4. It’s a gorgeous island with some really interesting architecture.
5. Now we are approaching the harbor.
6. So they tell me.
7. I’m starving.
3. What causes the difficulty when you are reading
1. Students give examples of some words and sentences. The teacher gives help.
2, Students talk about the paraphrasing exercises in pairs or in groups to make sure of their meanings.
4. Deal with some language points:
1) It’s great/ nice/ a pleasure… to meet/ to see you.
Great/ Nice … to meet/ to see you.
I am pleased/ glad to see you.
Pleased/ Glad to see you.
2) This/ It is the first/ second/ last… time that-clause(完成时态)
3) What + be + subject + like
4) Sounds OK to me.
= That/ It sounds OK to me.
sound interesting/ smell good/ taste delicious/ feel soft…
5) the rent/ price is very high/ low
不说：the rent/ price is very dear/ expensive/ cheap…
6) So they tell me. 他们就是这样告诉我的。
　 So + subject + 助动词
So + 助动词+ 另一主语
Neither/ Nor + 助动词 + 另一主语
It is the same with…
So it is with….
7) a nice little fish restaurant 形容词的位置
5. Deal with Activity 3.
6. Deal with Activity 4.
7. Thinking.
Take Xiamen as example, and think what makes a city lively and attractive
(A lively city usually has more chances. Our hometown, Harbin, is going to welcome the 2009 World’s College Students Winter Games.)
8. Role-playing
Suppose one of your foreign friends comes to Jincheng and he/she may know something or nothing about Jincheng. As a local citizen, try to introduce what is special about Jincheng to him/her.
9. Homework:
Make some sentences using the language points learned in this period.
Period 3: Listening & vocabulary, Pronunciation, Everyday English
Teaching aims: Enabling the students
1. Learn to grasp the general meaning of the text by listening it;
2. Learn to get specific information;
3. Learn to talk about your neighborhood committee;
4. Learn to read sentences by stressing some words.
5. Learn to show positions and directions
Teaching steps:
Step1: Look at the picture and read the words in the table in activity 1 and guess:
What’s happening in the picture
What do you think the listening text is about
Step2: Listen to the whole passage and check your predictions.
Step3: Listen to Part 2 and complete the chart
Step4: Activity 4 Talk about your own neighbourhood committee, referring the following questions.
Step5: Learning to learn: How to improve your listening by picking up radio & TV programmes.
Step 6: Pronunciation
Step 7: Everyday English
Step 6: Homework
Please write a short passage about your neighborhood committee.
Period 4: Grammar, Function and speaking, writing
Teaching aims: Enabling the students
1. to be more familiar with some language points
2. to master the usage of present perfect tense
3. Grasp the usage of “and’ & “but”;
Teaching steps:
1. Ask some students to translate some sentences.
1) 这是我今年第二次看到你。
This is the second time I have seen you this year.
2）这个农民用他的牛换了五头羊。
The farmer exchanged his cow for five goats.
3) 好久没有像昨夜那么快乐了。
It’s been a long time since I enjoyed myself so much as last night.
4) --- 运动会已经推迟到十月31日。
--- 我听说也是这样。
--The sports meeting has been put off until October 31.
--So I have heard.
2. Grammar 1 Present perfect tense 1
Look at these sentences from A lively city. Answer the questions.
Complete these sentences. Use either the past simple or the present perfect tense.
总结：
现在完成时的用法之一是：过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。人们使用现在完成时时，并不关心动作何时发生，只关心这个动作和现在有无联系或者对现在产生的影响。人们使用一般过去时时，注意力在于过去某时发生的动作。试比较：
1）A: Has the plane arrived
B: Yes.
A: When did it arrive
B: Half an hour ago.
2) He is not in. He has gone to town. He just left before you came.
3) A: Would you like to have lunch here
B: No. Thanks. I have had lunch already. I had it in the school canteen.
3. Grammar 2. Present perfect tense 2.
Look at the sentences from the passage in Listening and Vocabulary activity 2. Decide which sentences…
Put the verbs into two groups;
Complete each sentence with one of the verbs below. Use the present perfect tense.
Look at these sentences using the present perfect tense. Look at the phrases in bold. Which phrases have the same meaning
Now make some sentences with the phrases: for + some time, so far, up to now, till now
Correct the mistakes if any.
4. Function and speaking
Learn how to show positions and directions
5. Writing: Learn to use the words “and” & “but” by completing the short passage. Then read it aloud and pay special attention to the two words.
6. Homework: Workbook page 85.
Period 5: Cultural corner
Teaching aims: Enabling the students
1. Train students’integrating skills and grasp information about villages in western Europe
2. Raise students’cooperation awareness ;
3. Raise students’ awareness of loving their homeland;
Teaching steps:
Step1: Revise the reading passage on page 32 by asking some questions.
Step2: Revise how to show positions and directions.
Step3: Revise grammar “The present perfect tense”
Ask some students to translate some sentences.
1) 这是我今年第二次看到你。
This is the second time I have seen you this year.
2）这个农民用他的牛换了五头羊。
The farmer exchanged his cow for five goats.
3) 好久没有像昨夜那么快乐了。
It’s been a long time since I enjoyed myself so much as last night.
4) --- 运动会已经推迟到十月31日。
--- 我听说也是这样。
--The sports meeting has been put off until October 31.
--So I have heard.
Step4: Show two pictures to Ss
Tell: which one is the city and which is the village
Give your description of city and village in your mind.
A city is usually (rich / modern…)
A village is usually (small / poor…)
What is your idea of Europe
What about villages in western Europe
Step5: Brian storming: ask Ss two questions about the pictures.
1. Can you give a description to the countryside in western Europe using only two words
2. What do you know happens to the countryside now
Step6: Listen and answer
1. Is life difficult or easy for villagers
2. Who have bought a “second home” in the village
Step7: Read the text and answer the following questions.
1. In which countries is the country-side changing
2. What are the problems
3. What will be resulted in by these problems
4. What can you do to save the countryside in western Europe
Step8: Task (P40)
Activity 1: Work in groups (group the students according to where they live) and tell your group members what you know about your neighborhood.
Make a list of the information.
In order to finish your presentation, you have to should the responsibility of doing the following work:
contact your neighborhood committee and do a survey. Ask them what they have done recently.
Write a report about recent changes in your neighborhood based on the collected information.
Make powerpoints (PPT) in preparation for your final presentation in next class.
Discuss which work you will do. Make sure every group member is involved in the task.
Step9：Homework:
Prepare for your presentation: Finish your tasks.
Period 6: Presentation & Evaluation
Teaching aims: Enabling the students
1. Give a report of their neighborhood committee;
2. Evaluate their study of this module;
Teaching steps:
Step 1: Group work
Let students work in groups and prepare their presentation.
Step 2: Presentation
Ask different groups to make presentations before the class.
Step 3: Evaluation: Module file
Let students have a self-check
Then the teacher can check by asking some questions and using some exercises.
Collect from the students any problems with their study of this module.
The teacher helps them to solve the problems.
Homework: Preview next module
PAGE现在完成时用法
一、 现在完成时的构成
现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。
二、现在完成时的用法
1. 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如：
-Have you had lunch yet -Yes, I have. I've just had it.
你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）
2. 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间 的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教）
I haven’t seen her for four years.
我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3. 现在完成时的时间状语
（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b. 用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未” 等
如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall 你曾经去过长城吗？
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
c. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。
例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.
我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days.
近几年他去过那里三次了。
d. 用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning(month, year, term)等。
例如：-Have you met him today -No, I haven't.
今天你见过他吗？我 没有。
How many times have you been there this year
今年你去过那里多少次？
（2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：
arrive →be here begin(start)→be on
die →be dead come back →be back
leave →be away fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)
get up →be up go out →be out
finish →be over put on →wear 或be on
open →be open join →be in或 be a member of…
close →be closed go to school →be a student
borrow →keep buy →have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know
begin to study →study come to work →work等
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。
4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较：
I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到）
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）
5.几点注意事项
（1）have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once ,never, several times等连用，后者则不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
（2）如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有since一词，也不必用完成时。
如：It is two years since his father died.
=His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。
（3）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如：I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。WORDS
Approach
【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，注意approach的意思及用法。
1. With the approach of spring many flowers come out.
2. As autumn approaches, the plants’ colours in the garden change.
3. Our approach frightened the birds away.
4. As we approach the house, we found a dog lying on the ground.
5. The company made the profits approaching 10 million dollars last year.
【自我归纳】
approach作动词，意为“（在时间、距离、数量上）____”，如句____。approach 还可用作____词，如句1，3中，意为“____”。
Key: 接近；2，4，5；名；（在时间、距离上）接近
【拓展】
approach 作动词时，还可意为“处理 / 对待（问题、任务）”。如：
You should know how to approach the problem correctly.
你应该知道如何妥当地处理这个问题。
作名词时，还可意为“方法”，通常和介词to连用，这时和way，method同义。如：
He came up with a new approach to teaching languages.
他想出了一种教授语言的新方法。
【即学即练】 汉译英。
1. 李老师提出了一种不同的学习外语的方法。
2. 圣诞节就要到了。
3. 冬天临近了，天气变得越来越冷了。
4. 当我走近他时，他向我微笑了一下。
Key:
1. Mr. Li came up with a different approach to learning foreign languages.
2. Christmas Day is approaching.
3. With the approach of winter, / As winter is approaching, it gets colder and colder.
4. As I approached him, he smiled at me.
Afford
【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，注意afford的意思及用法。
1. I want to get my car repaired because I can’t afford a new one.
2. Can you afford 100,000 yuan for a car
3. We can’t afford to pay such a price.
4. They could not afford the time to travel abroad.
5. The boss could not afford to lose any more good employees.
【自我归纳】
afford作动词，意为“____”，如句1到句3，这时afford常与can, could, be able to等连用，后可接名词、代词或____；在句4中，意为“____”；在句5中，意为“承担得起后果”。
Key：有经济条件做某事；动词不定式；有时间做某事
【辨析】 afford, buy
afford和buy都有“买”的意思，但afford侧重“有无经济能力买”，而buy则侧重“购买的行为”，表示“我买不起”可以说I can’t afford，但不可说“I can’t buy”，因为后者的意思是“即使有钱也不会 / 能买”，另外afford to buy表示“有能力买”。
【即学即练】 句型转换，每空一词。
1. I haven’t enough money to buy the tickets to the concert.
= I ____ ____ the tickets for the concert.
= I ____ ____ ____ ____ the tickets for the concert.
2. I’d love to go on a holiday but I’m too busy. = I’d love to go on a holiday but I ____ ____ ____ ____.
3. If we keep waiting, we will miss the plane.
= We ____ ____ ____ ____ any longer or we’ll miss the plane.
Key:
1. can’t afford; can’t afford to buy
2. can’t afford the time
3. can’t afford to wait
Survive
vi. 生存；存活；继续存在。如：
I can’t survive on such a low salary.
我无法靠这么低的工资生存。
Many customs have survived from earlier times. 许多风俗是从早年留存下来的。
vt. 经过……活下来；比……活得时间长。如：
Only three men survived the fire last night.
昨天晚上的那场火灾中只有三个男人幸免于死。
The old lady survived her husband by one year.
丈夫死后，这个老太太又活了一年。
【拓展】
survival n. 生存，残存物；survivor n. 幸存者，挺过困难者。如：
A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival.
许多小公司现在不得不为生存而拼搏。
He was the only survivor of the car accident.
他是那次车祸中唯一的幸存者。
The law of the survival of the fittest was not made by man.
适者生存的法则不是由人制定的。
【即学即练】 用survive的适当形式或短语填空。
1. The ____ of the boy is uncertain; he is badly hurt and may die.
2. He was a ____ of the accident, but he lost his left leg.
3. Few buildings here ____ the earthquake, for they were poorly built.
4. I don’t know how you all manage to ____ 20 dollars a week.
5. Most houses in the town ____ the Qing Dynasty.
6. The old man ____ his wife and his child.
Key:
1. survival 2. survivor
3. survived 4. survive on
5. survived from 6. survivedEXPRESSIONS
put up
【语境展示】 阅读下列句子，注意put up的意思及用法。
1. The girl knew the answer to the question, so she put up her hands.
2. The school put up several notices about the sports meet.
3. Many new apartment blocks are being put up in my hometown.
4. I am afraid I can’t put you up tonight; you’ll have to go to a hotel.
5. Mary is going to put up her suggestion at the meeting.
6. The rent for the flat is put up a bit more.
7. We were putting up a tent when it rained.
【归纳总结】 put up的主要意思有：
a. 捐赠 b. 修建 c. 提出（建议） d. 提高，增加
e. 留……住宿 f. 挂起，张贴 g. 举起，升起
h. 搭起（帐篷等）
【练一练】 同学们，请将上面1-7句中划线部分的意思与a-h进行匹配，其中有一个多余选项。
Key: 1-g; 2-f; 3-b; 4-e; 5-c; 6-d; 7-h
【即学即练】 英译汉。
1. They will put up a new library in the north of the school.
2. The basketball player put up his hands to catch the ball.
3. We put up the national flag every Monday.
4. Can you put me up here for tonight
5. The shop owner put up the prices of fruit.
Key：
1. 他们将在学校的北边建造一个新的图书馆。
2. 这个篮球运动员抬起手去接球。
3. 每周一我们都升国旗。
4. 你能留我今晚在这里住宿吗？
5. 这个店的店主提高了水果的价格。
a number of
【语境展示】 阅读下列句子，注意a number of的意思及用法。
1. I have referred to a number of law books in the library.
2. A number of students have gone to the beach.
3. The library contains a large number of foreign language reference books.
4. If a small number of students have questions, they can ask teachers for help.
【自我归纳】
a number of意为“____”，后接名词____数形式，如句1-4；a number of ... 作主语时谓语动词要用____数，如句2，4；number前可用large, great, huge, good, small等形容词来修饰，如句3，4。
Key: 许多；复；复
【辨析】
a number of, the number of
a number of 许多，大量，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
the number of ……的数量 / 数目，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
【链接】
英语中的“许多”，“大量”的表达法。
【即学即练】 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
2. He bought ____ paper which would be used for drawing.
A. much too B. a number of
C. plenty of D. a good many
3. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, ____ as babysitters.
A. is working B. work C. works D. worked
Key:
1-3 CCB语法学案 英语时态和语态练习50题
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.--- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets.
--- You ______ something.
A. have left B. are always leaving
C. are leaving D. always left
2. --- I ______ so busily recently that I ______ no time to help you with your math.
--- That’s OK. I can manage it by myself.
A. have been working; have B. have worked; had
C. am working; will have D. had been working; had had
3. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______ to me.
A. are writing B. will write C. has written D. write
4. He ______ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him.
A. will speak B. is going to speak
C. had to speak D. was going to speak
5. --- I beg your pardon, but I didn’t quite catch you.
--- Oh, I ______ myself.
A. am talking to B. talked about C. have talked to
D. was talking to
6. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
7. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He ______ in a radio factory at that time.
A. had worked B. has worked
C. was working D. has been working
8. --- What ______ when I phoned you
--- I ______ my work, and I wanted to go out.
A. have you done; finished B. were you doing; have finished
C. did you do; had just finished
D. were you doing; had just finished
9. --- Have you finished the report
--- No. I ______ it all this week.
A. will do B. had done C. have done D. have been doing
10. I can guess you were in a hurry. You ______ your sweater inside out.
A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing
11. --- We ______ that you would fix the TV set this week.
--- I’m sorry. I ______ to fix it this week, but I’ve been too busy.
A. had expected; had intended B. are expecting; had intended
C. expect; intend D. expected; intend
12. --- Why Tom, your shirt is so dirty!
--- Mum, I ______ my storeroom downstairs.
A. cleaned B. have cleaned
C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning
13. They won’t buy new clothes because they ______ money to buy a new house.
A. save B. are saving C. have saved D. were saving
14. The traffic in our city is already good and it ______ even better.
A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting
15. --- I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.
--- I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ______ my guests in my office.
A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met
16. --- Alice came back home the day before yesterday.
--- Really Where ______
A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone
D. had she gone
17. I know Mr. Brown; we ______ to each other at an international conference.
A. are introduced B. are been introduced
C. were introduced D. had been introduced
18. --- Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer
--- Sorry. I have no idea.
A. has; bought B. 不填; bought C. did; buy D. 不填; buys
19. Don’t bother to look for my dictionary --- it ______ some day.
A. turns up B. has turned up C. will turn up
D. is going to turn up
20. --- What do you think of this kind of TV set, which ______ in Shanghai
--- Well, I don’t care about such things.
A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
21. --- Did he notice you enter the room
--- I don’t think so. He ______ to the radio with his eyes shut.
A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened
22. The plane ______ at 7:00 pm, so I have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest.
A. has left B. would leave C. will have left D. leaves
23. The train ______ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight.
A. went B. is going C. goes D. will be going
24. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I ______ coffee.
A. prefer B. preferred C. had preferred D. am preferring
25. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ______ too long.
A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. have cooked D. cooked
26. --- Remember the first time we met, Jim
--- Of course I do. You ______ in the library.
A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read
27. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well.
A. have told; washes B. have been told; washes
C. was told; washed D. have been told; is washed
28. --- Is Tom still smoking
--- No. By next Saturday he ______ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.
A. will be B. will have gone C. will have been
D. has been going
29. --- ______ Betty this morning
--- Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon.
A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see
30. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never ______ him talk so much.
A. I heard B. did I hear C. I had heard D. had I heard
31. --- Look at the black clouds. It ______ soon.
--- Sure. If only we ______ out.
A. is raining; didn’t come B. is to rain; won’t start
C. will rain; haven’t started D. is going to rain; hadn’t come
32. He ______ articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he ______ about forty articles.
A. has been writing; has written B. has been writing; wrote
C. is writing; has been writing D. has written; has written
33. She ______ to the office than she got down to writing the report.
A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got
C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got
34. When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge ______ from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.
A. was coming B. had come C. comes D. would come
35. --- Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon.
--- No, I ______.
A. don’t B. do C. won’t D. will
36. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ______.
A. finished what I was doing B. finished what I did
C. would finish what I was doing D. finish what I did
37. You won’t know whether the coat fits you until you ______ it on.
A. will try B. have tried C. tried D. are trying
38. My dictionary ______. I have looked for it everywhere but still ______it.
A. has lost; don’t find B. is missing; don’t find
C. has lost; haven’t found D. is missing; haven’t found
39. ______ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave
40. --- How are you planning to travel to Shanghai
--- I ______ yet, but I ______ taking a train.
A. didn’t decide; am considering B. haven’t decided; consider
C. haven’t decided; am considering
D. hadn’t decided; have considered
41. --- Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favour
--- Of course. What is it
--- I ______ if you could take me to the station.
A. would wonder B. did wonder C. was wondering
D. had wondered
42. --- Got your driving license
--- No. I ______ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week. I’m going to next week.
A. was B. have been C. am D. had been
43. With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the field of IT.
A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced
44. --- Who’s the man over there
--- It’s Jack.
--- Oh ______ in Italy.
A. I think he’s B. I’ve thought he’s been
C. I thought he was D. I’d thought he’d been
45. --- I dropped in at your house at about ten last night, but you weren’t in.
--- I ______ regular exercises at the club.
A. did B. was doing C. had done D. have been doing
46. --- Each of the students, working hard at their lessons, ______ the book.
--- So have I.
A. is reading B. has read C. reading D. reads
47. The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then he ______ a cold.
A. has caught B. is catching C. will catch D. does catch
48. It is when the plane ______ that you’d better find out at the booking office.
A. would take off B. had taken off C. was taking off
D. is taking off
49. --- I’m sorry, but there’s no smoking on this flight.
--- Oh, I ______ that. Sorry, I won’t again.
A. don’t know B. didn’t know
C. won’t know D. haven’t known
50. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ______ it.
A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned
C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned
答案及部分解析：
　　1-5 BADDD 6-10 DCDDD 11-15 ADBDC 16-20 BCBCB
　　21-25 BDDAA 26-30 ABBAD 31-35 DADCC 36-40 ABDDC
　　41-45 CDBCB 46-50 BDDBC
　　1. 进行时态与always, all the time等连用，表示习惯性行为，且带有浓厚的感彩。此处可理解为“你总是丢三落四的”。
　　2. recently常与现在完成时或一般过去时连用。第二空应用一般现在时。
　　3. next time引导时间状语从句，而且其谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。
　　4. 由题意“他本来打算在会上发言，但……”可知应选D项。
　　5. Oh, I was talking to myself.意为“噢， 我（刚才）只是在自言自语”。
　　6. “乒乓球打得好”是一般情况，故用一般现在时。
　　9. 现在完成进行时可用于表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，有可能继续延续下去，也可能刚刚结束。本题使用现在完成进行时强调了动作的持续性和未完成性。
　　10. 此处用现在进行时来解释前面所说的话，意为“我猜你刚才一定很匆忙，毛衫都穿反了”。
　　11. 由宾语从句中的would fix可断定第一空用had expected（表示“过去本来期望”）；第二空用had intended（to do...），表示“过去本来打算（去做……）”。
　　14. 现在进行时可用于表示动作的渐进过程。又如：Her hair is getting grayer and grayer.她的头发正变得越来越花白。
　　15. 此空用将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。
　　16. 此处表示“前天之前艾利斯曾经去哪儿了？”故用过去完成时态。
　　18. Where do you think _____ he... 为双重疑问句，故第一空不填；第二空为过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。
　　21. He _____ to the radio with his eyes shut.后省略了when I entered the room。此处意为“（当我进入那个房间时，）他正闭着眼睛听收音机”。
　　22. 按时间表或日程表安排将要发生的事，常用一般现在时表示将来。
　　23. 题意为“火车将一直以目前的速度行驶直到今晚9点到达山脚下。”
　24. 此处prefer意为“宁愿”，是表示人心理状态的动词，不宜用现在进行时态。
27. 某些动词，如：wash, lock, sell, wear, write, read, open, clean等常用一般现在时的主动语态来表示主语（通常是物）的内在品质或属性等。
　　28. “by+将来某一时间”常与将来完成时态连用。
　　29. 由答语中的“Not yet”可断定此题应选A。现在完成时态的用法之一是“表示过去某一时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果”。
　　31. 表示“天将下雨”常用It’s going to rain。If only...表示“但愿……”；如果表示与过去的事实相反，句中谓语动词常用过去完 成时态。
　　33. 在no sooner...than...（刚……就……）句型中，主句常用过去完成时态。
　　36. 题意为“我决定一完成我眼下正在做的事，就去图书馆”。注意：主句为一般过去时态。
　　39. 题干为“祈使句+and+并列分句”的句型。
　　41. 某些动词（如：wonder, hope, think等）常用过去进行时表示委婉的语气。
　45. 此处应理解为“你昨晚来我家的时候，我正在俱乐部做常规锻炼。”
　　46. 由答语中的助动词have可确定此空应用现在完成时态。
　　47. every now and then意为“有时，偶尔”，应与一般现在时连用。does表示强调。
　　48. 注意题干为强调句型。take off用进行时态表示将来。
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