英语中的基本时态讲解English版
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(共24张PPT)
Grammar
&
Word Choice
Can you be happy and successful without learning grammar
No!
But why
The way you put your thoughts into language (speaking) says a lot about you!
Grammar helps define
who you are!
Logic (To make sense)
Grammar is a way to organize your thoughts
If you lack skills in grammar, your thoughts will be disorganized
Do you want to sound boring Do you want to limit
your experiences
The more comfortable you are with grammar, the better you will express yourself
Love (Yes, Love)
Expression is a creative part of your personality
Conversation is an art – You don’t want to be limited
Two Golden Rules
Avoid Trouble – If you are having trouble writing, then rewrite. Be flexible and explore.
Say What You Mean – If you don’t pay attention to what you write, your readers will lose interest – You look bad
Personality
If you know how to write well, people will pay attention to what you have to say
People who understand grammar know how to have fun, make jokes, set themselves apart from the rest of the world
Grammar is the tool for self-expression!
It was amusing, in such lightness of air, that the Prince should again present himself only to speak for the Princess, so unfortunately unable again to leave home; and that Mrs. Verver should as regularly figure as an embodied, a beautifully deprecating apology for her husband, who was all geniality and humility among his own treasures, but as to whom the legend had grown up that he couldn’t bear, with the height of his standards and the tone of the company, in the way of sofas and cabinets, habitually kept my him, the irritation and depression to which promiscuous visiting, even at pompous houses, had been found to expose him.
- Henry James, The Golden Bowl
Nick stood up.
-Ernest Hemingway, “The Battler”
Both of those works have a style
Style represents something – it represents the
way a writer feels and thinks
The way you walk, dress, and behave represents who you are – the same for grammar
These are ways to communicate to the world
Understanding grammar will help you understand what you read
It will help you understand complex meanings and make yourself understood
Grammar, just like anything, else takes practice
Basketball, dancing, guitar, etc. all takes practice just like grammar
The best knowledge about grammar comes from reading good writing
Reading gives a deeper understanding of language that is a help to interesting communication
You want to understand grammar so it’s integrated and you won’t have to think about it
Verbs
Without a verb you have no sentence
Complete sentence = S + V
There are action verbs (hit, sprint, touch) and linking verbs (am, seems, will be)
Names are not important – only remember the functions
As you know, a verb tells what the subject is doing or what is being done to the subject
Verb Tenses
The tense of a verb places the action at a particular time
There are six basic verb tenses in English:
Present Present perfect
Past Past perfect
Future Future perfect
Present Tense
The verb tense that indicates “now”
I am hungry.
She is a good guitar player.
The phone rings.
Present Perfect Form
1.) The action started in the past and
continues into the present
2.) The action was finished but the affects are still present
I have eaten many snacks this week.
I have eaten all of the cake, so there isn’t any left.
Past Tense
The action happened in the past
I ate it.
I walked by the river last night.
I played basketball yesterday.
Past Perfect Tense
The “before before” tense or the double
past tense – An action happened
before another action
Before I ate your desert, I had eaten a cake.
If I had thought about it first, I would not
have eaten the cake.
Future Tense
Events that have not happened yet
I will go to the market this afternoon.
I will stay at home tonight to watch a movie.
Future Perfect Tense
An action finished before a specific
time in the future (not used often)
I will have lost some weight on my diet by next
week.
They will have taken many exams by the
end of the semester.
Continuous (Progressive) Form
Use with continuous action (use the –ing verb)
I am eating right now.
I will be studying until the end of the
semester.
Present Participle – Same as the continuous form –
the –ing verb form used with is or are to show
continuous action
Her parents are loving.
She is walking to the store.
Past Participle – Verb form used with has or have to
form the present perfect
She has walked to the store.
They have eaten at that restaurant before.
The examples before were used with regular
verbs which means they fit the pattern of adding
-ed at the end
I walk, I am walking, I walked, I have walked
Trouble happens when the verbs are irregular and
don’t follow the –ed pattern at the end
I take, I am taking, I took, I have taken
The names of the tenses are not important to know – what’s important is being able to use the right tense in the right situation!
There are five verbs below in base form. In your journals, create five sentences using each verb in the form that is stated. Don’t use your books! Use your own sentences!
to wait (present perfect)
to leave (past perfect)
to have (present participle)
to work (future perfect)
5. to take (past participle)
Grammar
&
Word Choice
Can you be happy and successful without learning grammar
No!
But why
The way you put your thoughts into language (speaking) says a lot about you!
Grammar helps define
who you are!
Logic (To make sense)
Grammar is a way to organize your thoughts
If you lack skills in grammar, your thoughts will be disorganized
Do you want to sound boring Do you want to limit
your experiences
The more comfortable you are with grammar, the better you will express yourself
Love (Yes, Love)
Expression is a creative part of your personality
Conversation is an art – You don’t want to be limited
Two Golden Rules
Avoid Trouble – If you are having trouble writing, then rewrite. Be flexible and explore.
Say What You Mean – If you don’t pay attention to what you write, your readers will lose interest – You look bad
Personality
If you know how to write well, people will pay attention to what you have to say
People who understand grammar know how to have fun, make jokes, set themselves apart from the rest of the world
Grammar is the tool for self-expression!
It was amusing, in such lightness of air, that the Prince should again present himself only to speak for the Princess, so unfortunately unable again to leave home; and that Mrs. Verver should as regularly figure as an embodied, a beautifully deprecating apology for her husband, who was all geniality and humility among his own treasures, but as to whom the legend had grown up that he couldn’t bear, with the height of his standards and the tone of the company, in the way of sofas and cabinets, habitually kept my him, the irritation and depression to which promiscuous visiting, even at pompous houses, had been found to expose him.
- Henry James, The Golden Bowl
Nick stood up.
-Ernest Hemingway, “The Battler”
Both of those works have a style
Style represents something – it represents the
way a writer feels and thinks
The way you walk, dress, and behave represents who you are – the same for grammar
These are ways to communicate to the world
Understanding grammar will help you understand what you read
It will help you understand complex meanings and make yourself understood
Grammar, just like anything, else takes practice
Basketball, dancing, guitar, etc. all takes practice just like grammar
The best knowledge about grammar comes from reading good writing
Reading gives a deeper understanding of language that is a help to interesting communication
You want to understand grammar so it’s integrated and you won’t have to think about it
Verbs
Without a verb you have no sentence
Complete sentence = S + V
There are action verbs (hit, sprint, touch) and linking verbs (am, seems, will be)
Names are not important – only remember the functions
As you know, a verb tells what the subject is doing or what is being done to the subject
Verb Tenses
The tense of a verb places the action at a particular time
There are six basic verb tenses in English:
Present Present perfect
Past Past perfect
Future Future perfect
Present Tense
The verb tense that indicates “now”
I am hungry.
She is a good guitar player.
The phone rings.
Present Perfect Form
1.) The action started in the past and
continues into the present
2.) The action was finished but the affects are still present
I have eaten many snacks this week.
I have eaten all of the cake, so there isn’t any left.
Past Tense
The action happened in the past
I ate it.
I walked by the river last night.
I played basketball yesterday.
Past Perfect Tense
The “before before” tense or the double
past tense – An action happened
before another action
Before I ate your desert, I had eaten a cake.
If I had thought about it first, I would not
have eaten the cake.
Future Tense
Events that have not happened yet
I will go to the market this afternoon.
I will stay at home tonight to watch a movie.
Future Perfect Tense
An action finished before a specific
time in the future (not used often)
I will have lost some weight on my diet by next
week.
They will have taken many exams by the
end of the semester.
Continuous (Progressive) Form
Use with continuous action (use the –ing verb)
I am eating right now.
I will be studying until the end of the
semester.
Present Participle – Same as the continuous form –
the –ing verb form used with is or are to show
continuous action
Her parents are loving.
She is walking to the store.
Past Participle – Verb form used with has or have to
form the present perfect
She has walked to the store.
They have eaten at that restaurant before.
The examples before were used with regular
verbs which means they fit the pattern of adding
-ed at the end
I walk, I am walking, I walked, I have walked
Trouble happens when the verbs are irregular and
don’t follow the –ed pattern at the end
I take, I am taking, I took, I have taken
The names of the tenses are not important to know – what’s important is being able to use the right tense in the right situation!
There are five verbs below in base form. In your journals, create five sentences using each verb in the form that is stated. Don’t use your books! Use your own sentences!
to wait (present perfect)
to leave (past perfect)
to have (present participle)
to work (future perfect)
5. to take (past participle)