(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading－Preparing
预习多维感知
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
Step One：Fast Reading
Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What’s the main idea of this passage
A. How Perce managed to get off the ship.
B．How magnificent the Endurance was.
C．How the staff overcame the difficulties in the exploration.
D．How the Endurance ship reached Elephant Island.
2．What did“Everything was grey”mean
A．Perce felt sad and was in a very low mood.
B．There was something wrong with Perce’s eyes.
C．The weather was so dark that he could see nothing clearly.
D．He was happy and moved.
3．How old was Perce when they were stuck in the ice
A．20. B．21.
C．22. D．23.
4．Who went to ask for help
A．All the staff.
B．Half of them.
C．Five persons.
D．Six persons.
5．What made them survive and succeed in coming back
A．Their determination，perseverance and team spirit.
B．The government’s order.
C．The encouragement of their parents.
D．What they had learned at school.
答案：1～5.CABDA
Step Two：Careful Reading
Read the text and fill in the blanks
A Successful Failure
Part Main idea of each part Topic sentence of each paragraph
Part 1 Perce’s worry about their team’s safe 1.________and their desper ate circumstances 1.Everything is grey.Our circumstances are so desperate that 2.________is uncertain3.________we will ever return alive.
2.How could I become as
4.________and bad tempered as Tom Orde Lees！
Part 2 The beginning of Perce’s 5.________and how Shackleton and his perseverance encouraged and saved the explorers 3.It was with great excitement one morning in July 19146.________I read this advertisement.
4.Shackleton seemed interested in my silly behaviour and 7.________me.
5.On January 18th,1915 the Endurance became8.________in pack ice as we approached Antarctica.
6.His perseverance won our complete9.________in him.
7.Twenty two of us remained on Elephant Island and he10.________five others to go to South Georgia and bring help.
答案：1.return 2.it 3.whether 4.selfish 5.expedition 6.that 7.accepted 8.stuck 9.faith 10.selected
Step Three：Summary
A Successful Failure
Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day.He began an expedition to the South Pole in August 1914.I was only twenty and I had always dreamed1.____________adventure.I was an amateur but I was young，fit and energetic.I secretly hid aboard ship，Endurance，in a small cupboard.They didn’t find me2.____________the ship had sailed.I was suffering badly3.____________seasickness.Shackleton seemed interested4.____________my silly behaviour and accepted me.He made me a steward to help cook
twenty eight meals three times a day.On January 18th,1915 the Endurance became stuck in pack ice as we5.__________ Antarctica.The ship was gradually crushed6.____________front of our eyes.7.___________us calmly together，Shackleton announced8.____________we must save only essential supplies before the ship sank，particularly the small boats，food，cooking equipment，candles，bedding and clothes.9.____________show his determination，Shackleton threw some gold coins and his gold
watch onto the ice.On April 9th 1916，we moved to Elephant Island.Shackleton selected five of us with him to go to South Georgia and bring help.We10.____________on Elephant Island to wait for their rescue.
答案：1.of 2.until 3.from 4.in 5.approached
6．in 7.Calling 8.that 9.To 10.remained
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谢谢使用(共5张PPT)
Unit 1 Nothing ventured，nothing gained
教材背景链接
Helen Keller at the age of 19 months，was a happy，healthy child.She was already saying a few words.Then she had a high fever which caused her to become deaf and blind.No longer could she see nor hear.She felt lost.She would hang on to her mother’s skirt to get around.She would feel of people’s hands to try to find out what they were doing.She learned to do many things this way.She learned to milk a cow and knead(揉、捏) the bread dough.She could recognize people by feeling of their faces or their clothes.
Helen was a very bright child.She became very frustrated because she couldn’t talk.She became very angry.The family knew they had to do something to help her.
They found a teacher named Anne Sullivan.Miss Sullivan herself had been blind，but had an operation and regained her sight.She understood what Helen was feeling.She taught Helen the signs for the letters of the alphabet.Then she would“spell”the words in Helen’s hand to communicate with her.
One day Anne led Helen to the water pump and pumped water on her hand.She spelled the letters W A T E R as the water ran over Helen’s hand.She did this over and over again.This opened up a whole new world for her.She ran everywhere asking Anne the name of different things and Anne would spell the words in her hand.This was the key which unlocked the world for her.
Anne taught her for years.Helen learned to read Braille.This was a system of raised dots representing letters.A blind person could read by feeling of the dots.
When she went to college，her teacher Anne went with her and tapped out the words of the instructors into her student’s hand.Helen had an amazing memory，and she also had skills very few people have ever been able to develop.She could put her fingers to a person’s lips and understand the words which were being spoken.
While she was in college she wrote her book called “The Story of My Life”．With the money she earned from the book she was able to buy a house.
She became famous and traveled around the world speaking to groups of people.She met many important and well known people as she traveled.
Helen Kellerwas successful because of her determination.However，many people helped her.The most important person in her life was Anne Sullivan who stayed with her for 50 years.
Questions：
1.What do you think led Helen Keller to success
__________________________________________________
2．If you failed in an examination and your parents blamed you，what will you do
___________________________________________________
Keys：1.Her determination and other people’s help.
2.略(共73张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading－Language Points
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1.Nothing ventured，nothing gained.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
品味经典
①She hardly dared to venture an opinion.
她几乎不敢亮明观点。
②He ventured his life to rescue the drowning child.
他冒着生命危险去抢救快要淹死的孩子。
自我探究
venture vi.& vt.冒险；敢于。
归纳拓展
venture to do sth.小心地说，谨慎地做
venture sth.on sth.冒着……的危险
adventure n.冒险，奇异的经历n.[C](有风险的)商业，企业；冒险的行动
③He failed in his ventures.
他投机失败。
④She is ready for any venture.
她准备冒任何危险。
venture，risk
(1)venture“冒险，敢于”，后面接to do，指有风险等的计划、事业。
(2)risk“冒险”，后面接doing。
易混辨析
完成句子
(1)He______________________________(冒牺牲生命的危险)to save the child in the ruins.(risk)
答案：risked losing his life
(2)Many people now_____________________(冒险把钱投在)the stock market.(venture)
答案：venture their money on
牛刀小试
2.Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in August 1914.
1914年8月，珀斯·布莱克鲍罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“特久号”南极探险。
品味经典
①This event tests both physical and mental endurance.
该项目是对体力也是对心理承受力的考验。
②He showed remarkable power of endurance.
他表现出十分突出的忍耐力。
自我探究
endurance n．忍耐力(本文指船名“持久号”)。
归纳拓展
③We endured many hardships during the war.
我们在战时忍受了很多的苦难。
牛刀小试
用endurance的适当形式填空
(1)If help does not come，we must________to the end.
(2)The________peace shouldn’t be broken by few countries.
(3)Seeing animals cruelly treated is beyond________.
(4)What he said isn’t________.
答案：(1)endure (2)enduring (3)endurance (4)endurable
3.I feel breathless as I remember my rotten toes that had to be removed when they became blackened from frost bite.
一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。
(1)rotten
品味经典
①The fruit is starting to go rotten.
水果开始腐烂变质了。
②She is a rotten singer.
她是一个蹩脚的歌手。
③The organization is rotten to the core.
这个组织腐败透顶。
④The mother spoils the children rotten.
母亲非常溺爱孩子。
自我探究
rotten adj.腐烂的，非常糟糕的，腐败的，非常。
归纳拓展
⑤Some apples rotted on the tree.
有些苹果在树上就腐烂了。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)The window frame_______________ (已经
完全烂掉了)．
答案：has rotten away completely
(2)Too much sugar will_______(使你的牙腐烂)．
答案：rot your teeth
(3)Food____________________(腐烂)easily in summer.
答案：goes rotten
(2)blacken
品味经典
①After a week’s use，the blackboard should be blackened.
使用了一周后，黑板应该涂黑漆了。
②He blackened the wrong parts in his composition.
他把作文中的错误部分涂黑了。
自我探究
blacken vt.变黑；使变黑。
归纳探究
en 或 en与形容词或名词相结合后，原词就由形容词或名词变成动词。由这种词缀构成的动词还有：enrich使丰富
encourage鼓励strengthen加强
sharpen使锋利
enlarge使扩大
endanger使处于危险
darken使黑
widen加宽
牛刀小试
用词缀en / en构成的词完成句子
(4)The road is so narrow，and it will be________(加宽)this summer.
(5)________(激励)by his words，his students devoted all of their time to study.
(6)The power of the central government has been further________(加强)．
(7)That experience________(拓宽)their knowledge about history.
答案：(4)widened (5)Encouraged (6)strengthened (7)enlarged
4.Just as I am about to become self pitying，the door to our shelter opens and a blast of cold air tears through the hut.
正当我要自怜的时候，通往住处的门开了，一陈冷风穿过小屋。
品味经典
①27 schoolchildren were injured in the last.
27名学龄儿童在爆炸中受了伤。
②They had to blast a turnel through the mountain.
他们得炸出一条穿山隧道。
自我探究
blast n．一阵风，一股(气流) v．炸毁，爆破。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
He liked the book so much that he read it________.
A．at a blast B．at full blast
C．blast off D．in blast
解析：选A。at a blast一鼓作气地；at full blast 大规模地；blast off(火箭等)发射，升空，为动词，显然不对；in blast 在鼓风，只有A符合句意。
5.As I think of this，a black blanket drops and covers me，almost blocking_out the memories of happier times.
正想到这儿，一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住了，几乎把美好时光的记忆都封闭住了。
品味经典
①As he was getting off the bus I saw him.
正当他下公共汽车时，我看见了他。
②As we all know，black clouds can never block out the sun.
众所周知，乌云永远遮不住太阳。
自我探究
block out 封闭。
归纳拓展
③I have blocked out a plan of the house but have given no details.
我已画出房子的草图，但尚未标出细节。
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)那位老人成了事故的受害者，并阻塞了交通。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The old man became the victim of the accident and blocked the traffic.
(2)他们把洪水挡在城市外面。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：They blocked out the flood out of their city.
6.Calling us calmly together，he made an urgent announcement that we must save only essential supplies before the ship sank，...
他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，……
品味经典
①The problem requires urgent attention.
这个问题需要紧急处理。
②The law is in urgent need of reform.
这项法律亟待修订。
自我探究
urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的，迫切的。
归纳拓展
urgency n．紧急；迫切；强求；催促
urge vt.推进；极力主张；强调；力劝；激励
n．冲动；热情；强烈；要求
urge＋that...从句中用should＋动词原形，should可省略
urge...on/upon力劝……
urge＋宾语＋(not)to do力劝/怂恿……做(不做)某事
urge sb.into doing sth.力劝/怂恿某人做某事
③She urged that I(should)apologize to him.
他主张我应该向他道歉。
④He urged his horse on.他策马前进。
牛刀小试
完成句子
The teacher often urges___________________(他的学生更加努力学习)．
答案：his students(should)study harder
7.He was always honest with us(as in the advertisement)
and never gave_way_to disappointment，even when the ship sank.
他对我们总是坦诚相待(就像广告中那样)，他从不灰心丧气，从不放弃，甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。
品味经典
①It’s her mother’s fault for giving way to her too often.
过于经常顺从她是她母亲的过错。
②John gave way to the old lady and let her pass.
约翰给老太太让路让她通过。
③As winter gave way to spring，the days began to lengthen.
冬天过去，春天来到，白天越来越长了。
自我探究
give way to妥协，屈服；让位，让路；转为
归纳拓展
④Trees give off large quantities of water and serve as cooling agents.
树木释放出大量的水分，可以起到降温的作用。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)He refused____________(让步)on any of the points.
答案：to give way
翻译句子
(2)暴风雨过后阳光灿烂。
____________________________________________
答案：The storm gave way to bright sunshine.
8.We who remained on Elephant Lsland swore that we would do as he advocated：remain optimistic and recover our health before he returned to rescue us.
我们这些留在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做：在他返回来救我们之前要保持乐观、恢复健康。
品味经典
①I swear I won’t tell anyone your secret.
我发誓不把你的秘密告诉任何人。
②He swore to speak the truth.
他发誓要讲实话。
自我探究
swear vt.意为“宣誓，发誓”，过去式为swore；过去分词为sworn。
归纳拓展
③She swore that she had never seen him.
她肯定地说，她从未见过他。
④She made him swear not to tell anyone.
她要他发誓不告诉任何人。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)Obama__________________________(宣誓就职)in January 2009.
答案：was sworn
(2)I’ve decided to______________________(宣布戒烟)．
答案：swear off smoking
(3)Mind your language！Don’t________________
(骂我)．
答案：swear at me
9.I believe Shackleton must_have_mourned this unexpected end to his expedition，but he did not waste time on regrets.
我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。
句型巧析
品味经典
①I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.
我刚才没有听到电话，我肯定睡着了。
②He must have attended the party last night.
他昨天晚上一定参加了晚会。
③It must have rained last night，for the road is all wet.
昨晚一定下过雨，因为道路都是湿的。
自我探究
must have done表示对过去动作的肯定推测，意为“一定做了……”，只能用于肯定句中。
归纳拓展
(1)may/might have done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might比may语气弱。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句。
(2)can/could have done表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定，一般用于否定句和疑问句，could比can语气弱。could have done还可表示过去本来可以做的事而没做。
(3)ought to/should have done表示过去本应该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不应该做某事但做了。这种句式含有不满或责备之意其中ought to的语气比should强。
(4)needn’t have done表示过去做了不必做的事情。
④You might have read about it in the papers.
你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
⑤You could have stayed with me when you were in this city on business.
在这个城市出差时你本可以和我住在一起的。
⑥He oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done that.
他本来就不该做那件事。
⑦You needn’t have told them again.I have told them already.
你当时没必要再告诉他们了。我已经告诉过他们了。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)They________________(可能不知道)it before hand.
答案：may not have known
(2)He________________(不可能把它带)home.
答案：can’t have taken it
(3)You________________(本应该)studied harder.
答案：ought to/should have
(4)I______________(没必要带)the umbrella，for the weather is fine.
答案：needn’t have taken
10.Calling_us_calmly_together，he made an urgent announcement_that we must save only essential supplies before the ship sank，particularly the small boats，food，cooking equipment，candles，bedding and clothes.
他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，只抢救出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、卧具和衣服。
(1)Calling us calmly together
品味经典
①Working hard，you will surely succeed.
努力工作，你一定会成功的。
②Not knowing his address.I can’t write to him.
由于不知道他的地址，我无法给他写信。
③His grandma died，leaving him a lot of money.
他的奶奶去世了，留给他很多钱。
④They were walking in the woods，singing happily.
他们一边在林中散步，一边欢快地唱歌。
⑤He sat there doing nothing.
他坐在那儿无所事事。
⑥Having failed many times，he didn’t lose heart.
他虽然屡次失败，但没有灰心丧气。
⑦Please answer the question using another way.
请换一种方法回答这个问题。
自我探究
现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、伴随、让步以及方式等。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)“你逮不到我！”汤姆大喊着，跑开了。
“You can’t catch me！”Tom shouted，______.
答案：running away
(2)由于多年患有心脏病，怀特先生无论走到哪里都随身带着药。
__________________heart trouble for years，Mr.White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
答案：Having suffered from
(2)announcement that…
品味经典
①We were very excited at the news that our team had won.
听到我们队获胜的消息我们都很兴奋。
②The possibility that there will be an earthquake terrifies many people.
可能发生地震让很多人很恐慌。
③I have no idea when the film will begin.
我不知道电影何时开始。
自我探究
在该句中that we must save only essential supplies before the ship sank，particularly the small boats，food，cooking equipment，candles，bedding and clothes为that引导的同位语从句，作announcement的同位语。
归纳拓展
同位语从句一般跟在某些名词(如fact，idea，news，promise等)的后面，用以说明或解释前面的名词，引导同位语从句的词有连词that，连接副词how，when，where等。
牛刀小试
(3)The news________Ding Junhui won the UK Championship isn’t surprising because he has the talent for snooker.
A．which B．that
C．what D．when
解析：选B。句意：丁俊晖赢得英国锦标赛冠军的消息不足为奇，因为他有打台球的天赋。news后是说明其内容的同位语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导，其他三项都在从句中作成分。
11.A spider was making its web while Robert the Bruce was watching it in a cave.
罗伯特·布鲁斯正在一个山洞里观看蜘蛛织网。
品味经典
①While she was listening to the radio，she fell asleep.
她听着收音机睡着了。
②Some people waste food while others haven’t enough to eat.
有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
③While he loves his students，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
④You don’t have to worry while we are here.
只要我们在，你就别担心。
自我探究
while然而，在……期间。
归纳拓展
though，however，but，while
(1)从词义上看，四个词相近，均表示转折，其中but语气强烈，意为“但是”。
(2)从词性上看，however和though用作副词，当“然而，可是”讲，而but和while用作连词用于连接并列分句。
(3)从句子位置看，but与while一般位于两个分句之间；however位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句尾，而且用逗号与句子分开；though一般置于句末。
易混辨析
⑤We love peace，but we aren’t afraid of war.
我们热爱和平，但并不害怕战争。
⑥The plan is all right；however，it can be made better.
这个计划不错，不过应该还可以更好。
⑦I’m interested in sports while my brother is fond of music.我对体育感兴趣，而我弟弟却爱好音乐。
⑧It is expensive.I’ll buy one though.
(那东西)很贵，然而我打算买一个。
牛刀小试
Schools in the south tend to be better equipped，________those in the north are relatively poor.
A．while B．however
C．when D．though
解析：选A。while表强烈的对比关系。句意：南方的学校趋向于较好的设备而北方的学校设备则相对简陋。根据句意选A。
12.So it_was with great excitement one morning in July 1914 that I read this advertisement：
于是在1914年7月的一个早晨，我极其兴奋地读了以下这则广告：
品味经典
①Was it Tom that came to see me yesterday when I was out
昨天我不在家时，来找我的是汤姆吗？
②How was it that the little girl got in touch with her father
这个小女孩是怎样和她爸爸取得联系的？
③It was not until 11 o’clock that her husband came back last night.
昨天晚上她丈夫直到11点才回家。
④It was what the headmaster said at the meeting that really surprised us.
正是校长在会上所说的使我们很吃惊。
自我探究
强调句型的基本形式是：“It_is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋剩余部分”，此句式经常用来强调句子的主语、宾语或状语，不可强调表语和谓语。
归纳拓展
强调句的其他几种特殊句式：
(1)强调句的一般疑问句：把is/was提到句首。(2)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？
(3)not...until...的强调句结构：It is /was not until...that...
牛刀小试
David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________he chose the course.
A．that B．what
C．why D．how
解析：选A。句意：大卫说正是因为他对文学极为感兴趣，他才会选择这门课程。此题考查强调句型。It is/was...that...是强调句型，强调了“他选择这门课程的原因”。其他三项均不能连接强调句，故选A。
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谢谢使用(共66张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
速效提能演练
Unit 1
预习多维感知
Section Ⅲ
重点难点探究
预习多维感知
Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What do you think was their greatest worry
A．Fresh water. B．Fuel.
C．Food. D．Optimism and faith.
2. How many people were left on Elephant Island
A．Twenty eight. B．Twenty six.
C．Twenty three. D．Twenty two.
3．Which one was not the problem they had to face on the Island
A．Fresh water and food.
B．Fuel and fresh water.
C．Meat and sea water.
D．Personal care and food.
4．Which of the following statement is true
A．When Shackleton and his men left Elephant Island，the rest of us felt low and discouraged for a long time.
B．There were no trees or no oil on the island.
C．Sometimes we had celebrations just to kill the time.
D．There were vegetables and fruit on the island.
5．From the passage，we can infer that________.
A．there were no vegetables or fruit on the island
B．we lived through the hard days depending on ourselves
completely
C．Shackleton and his words played an important role in our living through those days
D．if Shackleton had not returned to save us，we would have suffered a sudden death
答案：1～5.DDCBC
1.The ice constantly broke up at night because of the warmth of our bodies and we often dropped into the freezing water while sleeping.
晚上，由于我们身体的体温，冰不停地破裂；当我们睡着的时候，经常掉进寒冷的水里。
重点难点探究
词汇精研
品味经典
①The freezing weather chilled me to the bone.
寒冷的天气使我感到冰冷刺骨。
②The thermometer registered only two degrees above freezing point.
温度计显示仅高于冰点两度。
自我探究
freezing adj.冰冻的，严寒的，冷冻用的。
③Strawberries don’t taste nice if they’ve been frozen.
草莓若冷冻就不好吃了。
归纳拓展
freezing，frozen
(1)freezing表示天气，态度等极冷的，冷淡的。
(2)frozen表示食品的冷冻或人的冷淡无情，如a frozen heart 冷酷的心，frozen fish冷冻鱼，常用来修饰名词。
易混辨析
用freeze的适当的形式填空
(1)What________weather it is.
(2)The match girl was________dead at night.
(3)The smile________on her face at the bad news.
答案：(1)freezing (2)frozen (3)froze
牛刀小试
2.The danger of what lay ahead of them，the chances of them ever returning to find us，the fear that we might never know their fate and possible delays，at first made us feel low and discouraged.
起初，他们将面临的危险、回来寻找我们的机会、以及害怕再也无从知晓他们的命运和可能的耽搁，都使我们情绪低落、沮丧不已。
(1)delay
品味经典
①Sharpening your axe will not delay your job of cutting wood.
磨刀不误砍柴功。
②These young people are full of vigor and vitality.They act without delay.
这些年轻人真是生龙活虎，他们说干就干。
自我探究
delay vt.& vi.耽搁；延迟n.耽搁；延迟。
归纳探究
delay后不能接不定式，只能接动名词作宾语，类似的动词还有avoid，admit，advise，enjoy，finish，forbid，give up，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，permit，resist，risk，suggest等。
牛刀小试
(1)There is a________of thirty minutes before the flight leaves.
A．delay B．lay
C．laid D．lie
解析：选A。句意：飞机延迟30分钟。根据句意选A。
①Don’t let one failure discourage you.
勿因一次失败而气馁。
②His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.
他的父母劝他不要参加空军。
品味经典
(2)discourage
自我探究
discourage vt.使丧失勇气；使泄气；使气馁；阻拦，劝阻。discourage sb.from doing sth.劝阻某人干某事。
归纳拓展
③If you meet with any difficulty in your study，don’t be discouraged.如果你在学习中遇到困难，不要灰心。
【温馨提示】 discourage的反义词为encourage“鼓励，鼓舞”；常用于encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。④My father always encourages me to do things in a new way.父亲总是鼓励我去用新方法做事。
牛刀小试
用discourage的适当形式填空
(2)We were all________at the________news that no one would________________us to venture on the island.
(3)Her parents tried to________her from becoming a singer，which is a________.
答案：(2)discouraged；discouraging；encourage
(3)discourage；discouragement
3.Yet apparently they fell on the beach where they had struggled to land in relief and gratitude.
然而很显然他们被围困在他们曾经满怀安慰和感激努力挣扎着登上的沙滩上。
品味经典
①Gratitude is the gateway to wealth.
感恩是拥有财富的法门。
②I can hardly express my gratitude to you for your help.
对于你的帮助，我真是难以表达我的感激之情。
③Gratitude is riches，complaint is poverty.
感恩是财富，抱怨是贫穷。
自我探究
gratitude n．感激，感恩。
归纳拓展
④I am grateful to you for your kindness.
我对你的好意非常感激。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我感谢所有老师的帮助。
I am____________all the teachers____________their help.
答案：grateful to；for
(2)他感激地朝他们笑了笑。
He smiled at them________________.
答案：with gratitude
4.As one of our group，Lionel Greenstreet noted in his diary after a few weeks how bored he was with the meals：“The food now is pretty well all meat.Seal steaks，cooked seal，penguin steaks，cooked penguin，penguin liver.”
作为大家中的一员，莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特数周后在日记中提到他对饭菜是多么厌烦：“现在的食物全是肉：海豹肉排、煮海豹、企鹅肉排、煮企鹅、企鹅肝。”
品味经典
①When we are bored，we concentrate more on how time is passing.
无聊时，我们更多关注时光的流逝。
自我探究
bored adj.无聊的；无趣的；烦人的。
归纳拓展
②I had expected the book to be boring but on the contrary it was fascinating.
我本以为这本书很乏味，但正好相反，它竟让人着迷。
③We are bored with his story.
我们对他讲的故事感到厌倦。
牛刀小试
单句改错
(1)It was bored to sit there without anything to do.
____________________________________________
答案：bored→boring
(2)She was boring with the endless speech.
____________________________________________
答案：boring→bored
5.Life now fell into a regular pattern.
现在生活转入了常规。
品味经典
①He made a regular visit to his parents.
他定期看望他的父母亲。
②Laura was one of his regular customers.
劳拉是他的老顾客之一。
③He’s got no regular job.他没有固定的工作。
自我探究
regular adj.规则的，定期的，常规的。
归纳拓展
④The coastline in this area is quite irregular.
这个地区的海岸线非常不规则。
牛刀小试
He was out of work last year；since then，he had no________work.
A．common B．ordinary
C．regular D．fit
解析：选C。regular work指固定的工作。common普通的；ordinary一般的；fit合适的。句意：去年他失业了，从那以来，他就没有固定工作。
6.For example，we had to gather fresh water by grasping and then melting sea ice.
例如：我们必须要抓住和融化海面上的冰块来收集淡水。
品味经典
①He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.
他热情地抓住我的手握了起来。
②They failed to grasp the importance of his words.
他们没有理解他的话的重要性。
③ I grasped the opportunity to work abroad.
我抓住机会去国外工作。
④He tried his best to grasp his meaning.
他试图弄懂他的意思。
自我探究
grasp vt.抓住，抓紧；掌握，理解，明白。
归纳拓展
⑤He grasped at anything that might help him.
他试图抓住任何对自己有利的东西。
⑥Success is within his grasp.成功唾手可得。
⑦These sentences are beyond the grasp of the child.
这些句子超出了这些孩子的理解。
牛刀小试
写出下列句中grasp的汉语意思
(1)He grasped the rope and pulled it.
____________________________________________
答案：抓，握住
(2)He doesn’t have a thorough grasp of the issue.
____________________________________________
答案：理解，领悟
7.Another part of the body that needed special caution was the eyes.
另外一个需要特别小心的部位是眼睛。
品味经典
①Dad always drives with caution.爸爸开车一直十分小心。
②The policeman let the driver off with a caution.
警察向司机提出警告后就让他走了。
③Always he sought someone to whom he could talk without caution.
他一直在找一个能够随便谈谈的人。
自我探究
caution n．小心，谨慎，警告。
归纳拓展
caution作“小心，谨慎”讲时，为不可数名词，作“警告，告诫”讲时，为可数名词。
cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的
with caution小心地
for caution’s sake为了慎重起见
be cautious of小心，谨防
④She is cautious of telling secrets.
她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。
caution，warn
(1)caution指通过文字或其他形式引起某人的注意，从而起到警告的目的，其后跟about搭配。
(2)warn指严正地指出不许某人做某事或注意某事。其常构成warn sb.of sth.“警告某人某事”。
易混辨析
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)她小心翼翼，免得伤害他的感情。
She________________________hurting his feelings.
答案：is cautious of/about
(2)请小心过马路。
Cross the street______________，please.
答案：with caution
(3)老师警告他不要迟到。
The teacher________________________being late.
答案：cautioned him against
8.We were lucky that our group worked hard to show an admirable mental attitude and dealt with our ever present fears in a positive and successful way.
我们很走运，因为我们全组努力显示出一种令人钦佩的精神状态，并且以积极的态度成功地克服了无所不在的恐惧。
品味经典
①He came up with an admirable idea.
他想出了一个绝妙的主意。
②The magnificence of Versailles is admirable to everyone.
凡尔赛宫的富丽堂皇让每个人都赞叹不已。
自我探究
admirable adj.令人钦佩的；绝妙的；极好的。
归纳拓展
③The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.
这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。
④He gave her an admiring glance.
他向她投以赞赏的目光。
⑤I have great admiration for her as a writer.
我十分钦佩她这个作家。
【温馨提示】 able是一个后缀，紧接在及物动词之后，表示“能够……，适于……，值得……”之意的形容词，具有被动意义；或表示事物所具有的性质。
change变化—changeable可改变的
forgive宽恕—forgivable可宽恕的
eat吃—eatable能吃的
牛刀小试
When the visitors saw the scene，they cried out in________.
A．admirable B．admiration
C．admire D．admiring
解析：选B。in admiration羡慕地，故选B。
9.It_was_no_wonder_that Frank Wild，the kindest of men，describes“crying like a baby”when he saw Shackleton return at last with the rescue party.
难怪Frank Wild，最友善的人，描述到当时他看到沙克尔顿终于领着救援人员回来时“像婴儿一样地哭了”。
句型巧桥
品味经典
①No wonder he is not hungry.He has been eating sweets all day.
难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。
②No wonder you are tired，you have been walking for hours.
难怪你累了呢，你一直走了好几个小时。
自我探究
It is/was no wonder that...为固定句式，意为“难怪……”，其中it为形式主语，真正主语为that从句，it is/was可以省去。
归纳拓展
③We all wondered at his rudeness.
我们没想到他那么粗鲁。
【温馨提示】 able是一个后缀，紧接在及物动词之后，表示“能够……，适于……，值得……”之意的形容词，具有被动意义；或表示事物所具有的性质。
change变化—changeable可改变的
forgive宽恕—forgivable可宽恕的
eat吃—eatable能吃的
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)难怪他总是考第一。
____________________________________________
答案：It’s no wonder that he always gets the first in the exams.
(2)我想知道他在做什么。
____________________________________________
答案：I wonder what he is doing.
10.Left_behind，we watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.
我们留在了岛上，看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离大象岛。
品味经典
①Asked about his address，the boy didn’t respond.
问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。
②The pop star hurried up to her car，followed by her fans.
明星匆忙走向自己的车，后面跟着她的粉丝。
③Given good health，I hope to finish writing the book this year.
如果身体好，我希望今年完成这本书的写作。
④Infected with the flu，the little boy was separated from the other children.
由于感染了流感，这个小孩与其他孩子隔离开了。
自我探究
过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状语。
归纳拓展
过去分词作状语，表示该分词与主句的主语是被动关系；过去分词短语用作状语，可以表示原因、时间、条件；分别相当于一个表示原因、时间、条件的状语从句。
牛刀小试
________to train his daughter in computer，he put an ad like this in the paper，“________，a computer teacher for a ten year old girl.”
A．Determined；Wanted
B．Determined；Wanting
C．Determines；Wanted
D．Determining；Wanting
解析：选A。本题考查分词的用法。determine在句中作状语，故应使用现在分词或过去分词形式，排除C项，而want在句中同样作状语，与其主语a computer teacher之间为被动关系，故选A。
11.When rescue did_come，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
当救援真的到来时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下了眼泪。
品味经典
①Don’t blame Jack any more.He did come to help yesterday.
别再责怪杰克了，他昨天确实来帮忙了。
②She does like you.她的的确确喜欢你。
③I did meet him in the laboratory yesterday.
我昨天的确在实验室里见到了他。
自我探究
助动词do放在动词的前面，起加强语气的作用，表示“确实；的确”。这种用法常出现在肯定句中，结构为：do/does/did＋动词原形。
归纳拓展
过去分词作状语，表示该分词与主句的主语是被动关系；过去分词短语用作状语，可以表示原因、时间、条件；分别相当于一个表示原因、时间、条件的状语从句。
牛刀小试
A terrible accident________，however，happen the other day.
A．does B．did
C．has to D．had to
解析：选B。由the other day知，本题是对发生在过去的动作的强调。
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谢谢使用(共44张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
写作专题突破
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅳ
语法专题突破
品味语法
1．The banana trees are growing well.
香蕉树长得很好。
2．Our country is a beautiful country.
我们的国家是一个美丽的国家。
3．He needs someone to help him with his work.
他需要别人帮助他工作。
4．He lost his goat which was worth 200 yuan.
他丢了价值200元的山羊。
自我探究
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”来表示。此外，形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式(短语)、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。
定语
定语是用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词。可用来作定语的词有形容词、名词或名词所有格、代词、数词、副词、词组或合成词、不定式(短语)、v. ing形式、过去分词、介词短语以及从句等。
讲解归纳
1．形容词作定语
He is an honest and hard working boy.
他是一个诚实、勤勉的男孩。
(1)表语形容词作定语时须后置，如alive，asleep，awake等。
people alive活着的人 the man awake醒着的那个人
(2)多个形容词的排序为：
限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。
颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
a big old stone bridge一座大而老的石桥
(3)present，proper，left作定语时后置。
all the people present所有在场的人
(4)形容词修饰不定代词时须后置。
something necessary必要的东西
(5)复合形容词作定语时，连字符连接的名词必须是单数。
a twenty meter long bridge一座20米长的桥
2．名词作定语
(1)woman，man作定语时，当所修饰的词为单数时，它们用单数；当所修饰的词为复数时，它们用复数，但boy，girl一律用单数。
They are women pilots.她们是女飞行员。
(2)名词作定语时，一般用单数，但某些常用复数的词，当它们用作定语时，也须用复数。如：arms production武器生产；clothes shop服装商店；sales department营业部。
3．代词作定语
His proposal is worth considering.他的建议值得考虑。
Whose book is this？这是谁的书？
4．数词作定语
The sun is 93,000,000 miles away.
太阳离我们九千三百万公里。
基数词作定语可以后置。
the year 2008,2008年
Room 315,315房间
5．副词作定语
She met me on her way home.她在回家的路上碰到我。
副词作定语通常后置。
the window above上面的窗户
the helicopter outside外面的直升飞机
6．介词短语作定语
We’ll have a report on current affairs on Sunday morning.我们周日上午要听形势报告。
7．不定式(短语)作定语
That’s the teaching plan for you to discuss.
这就是供你讨论的那份教学计划。
不定式作定语表示将来的动作，且不定式作定语要后置；
或者修饰其前有序数词的名词。
Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese to walk in space.
翟志刚是第一个在太空行走的中国人。
There are many problems to deal with.
有许多问题要解决。
8．v. ing形式作定语
a rising sun一颗冉冉升起的太阳
(1)v. ing作定语，一个词时放在名词前，短语作定语要后置。
the woman living in the next door住在隔壁的女人
(2)v. ing式作定语表示主动或正在进行的动作。
a crying child一个在哭泣的孩子
(3)v. ing式作定语表示名词的功能。
a walking stick拐杖
9．过去分词(短语)作定语
fallen leaves落叶
the stolen car那辆被盗的汽车
过去分词作定语表被动或已经完成的动作。
boiled water开水
10．从句作定语
引导定语从句的词有关系代词who，whom，whose，
that，as，which及关系副词when，where，why。
The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000.无家可归的人数达到25万。
This is the girl whose father is a professor.
这就是那个女孩，她父亲是个教授。
China is a developing country，as is known to all.
众所周知，中国是个发展中国家。
That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.
那就是他为什么那么早就离开的原因。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．She is a __________________________(天生的音乐家)．
答案：natural musician
2．She has a wish to____________________________________(周游世界)．
答案：travel around the world
3．He was the first person________________________________(通过考试)．
答案：that passed the exam
语法专练
4．Look at the man________________________________(坐在岩石上的)．
答案：sitting on the rock
5．Don’t wake________________________________(正在睡觉的婴儿)．
答案：the sleeping baby
6．After the fire，______________________(没剩下什么东西)．
答案：there is nothing left
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2011年高考课标全国卷)The next thing he saw was smoke________from behind the house.
A．rose B．rising
C．to rise D．risen
解析：选B。句意：接下来他看到的东西就是从房子后面升起的烟。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。rise是不及物动词，排除D项；rose是谓语形式，to rise表示将来，根据句意，故选B。
2．(2011年高考四川卷)The school shop，________customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.
A．which B．whose
C．when D．where
解析：选B。句意：学校商店由于假期停止营业，顾客主要是学生。本题考查定语从句，先行词是shop，代入定语从句：the shop’s customers are mainly students，由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故使用whose引导，whose customers＝the customers of which。
3．(2010年高考四川卷)A great number of students________said they were forced to practise the piano.
A．to question B．to be questioned
C．questioned D．questioning
解析：选C。考查过去分词作定语。句中question与其修饰的名词students之间是动宾关系(被动关系)，因此用过去分词作定语。
4．(2010年高考浙江卷)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．those
解析：选A。考查定语从句。该从句的先行词是nearly 1,000 people，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，此处先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，应该用关系代词whom，据此选A项。
5．(2010年高考山东卷)That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.
A．that B．which
C．whose D．what
解析：选C。考查定词从句。whose作定语的用法。句意：这就是那台新机器，它的零部件太小了很难看到。parts与先行词machine之间为所属关系，故用whose。
6．The________shoes were covered with mud，so I asked them to take them off before they got into________ car.
A．girl’s；Tom’s B．girls’； Toms’
C．girls’； Tom’s D．girl’s；Toms’
解析：选C。由下文的them可知女孩不只是一个，所以所有格应该是girls’的形式，故可排除A和D这两个选项。再根据Tom的所有格是Tom’s，所以应该选C。
7．The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any ________when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.
A．delay B．effort
C．schedule D．consideration
解析：选A。without any delay毫不耽搁。effort n. “努力，成就”；schedule n．“目录；日程表”；consideration“思考；体谅”。
8．Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health.It may also be good for ________building.
A．respect B．friendship
C．reputation D．character
解析：选D。respect尊重；方面；friendship友谊；reputation名声；character性格，品格。句意为：独自远足可能是一件有趣的事，也是对健康有好处的事。它还有利于一个人品格的发展。build培养，发展(思想、品格等)。
9．I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face________day like that.
A．other B．another
C．the other D．others
解析：选B。another day“另外一天”。句意：昨天一天我感觉如此糟糕以至于今天早上我下定决心再也不能那样面对另外一天了。
10．Over the past 20 years，the Internet has helped change our world in________ way or another for the better.
A．any B．one
C．every D．either
解析：选B。句意：在过去的20多年里，因特网已经帮助我们在一方面或另一方面改变得更好。any任何；every每一；either两者之中任一个(仅限于两者之间)。
11．As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of________energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.
A．primary B．alternative
C．instant D．unique
解析：选B。primary初等的；最初的；alternative可供替代的；可选择的；instant立即的；即刻的；unique独一无二的。由常识可知，阳光、风力及水力都是可替代能源，故B项正确。explore new ways of doing sth.探索做……的新方法。
12．I’m sure that your letter will get________attention.They know you’re waiting for the reply.
A．continued B．immediate
C．careful D．general
解析：选B。句意：我肯定你的信会马上引起注意，他们知道你在等着回复。immediate“立刻的”符合语境。continued“连续的，反复的”；careful“小心的”；general“一般的”，均不合题意。
13．Children need friends ________their own age to play with.
A．of B．for
C．in D．at
解析：选A。本题句意应为：孩子们需要同龄的孩子一起玩耍。表示“同龄的”用(be)of one’s own age。这是“be of ＋抽象名词”结构的延伸用法。
14．I was born in New Orleans，Louisiana，a city________name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A．which B．of which
C．that D．whose
解析：选D。分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中作定语修饰name，其先行词是a city，所以用whose引导定语从句。如果用which，需使用the name of with的形式。
15．I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A．which B．where
C．how D．why
解析：选B。当point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词where来引导定语从句。
写作专题突破
【写作要求】
温家宝总理(Premier Wen Jiabao)在博鳌亚洲论坛(BFA：Boao Forum for Asia)说道：“信心比黄金和货币更重要”，“希望像一盏永不熄灭的明灯”。就此请你按照以下提纲写一篇作文，100～120词左右。
1．阐述你对此引言的理解；
2．举一个生活中关于信心或希望的真实例子；
3．发出号召，鼓励人们在生活中应充满信心、满怀希望。
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
【要点词汇】
1．信心________________
答案：confidence
2．黄金和货币________________
答案：gold and currency/money
3．一盏永不熄灭的明灯________________
答案：a light that never goes out
4．处理困难________________
答案：deal with the difficulties
5．树立一个榜样________________
答案：set an example
6．实现________________
答案：come true
7．号召________________
答案：call on
8．充满________________
答案：be filled with/be full of
【句型结构】
1．没有……比……最重要。
__________ is more important than...
答案：Nothing
2．……正如温家宝总理(Premier Wen Jiabao)在博鳌亚洲论坛所说……
________ as Premier Wen Jiabao remarked at BFA...
答案：Just
3．正是信心和希望才……
________ the confidence and hope of...that...
答案：It is
4．我们应该……是明智的。
It is________that we should...。
答案：advisable
【连句成篇】
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Nothing in this world is more important than hope and confidence especially when we are confronted with challenges or caught in trouble，just as Premier Wen Jiabao remarked at BFA.The same is true in dealing with the difficulties we may encounter in daily life.
This can be best proved by a true story－one of my classmates once was injured in a traffic accident.He has been in a persistent vegetative state(持续植物人状态)，however，neither the doctors nor his family has ever given up.Through a joint effort of medical treatment and mental stimulation，he finally awakened on the 136th day.It is the confidence of the doctor and hope of his family that make the miracle come true.
So it is advisable that we should keep a cool head when facing an unexpected incident or an unfavorable situation in either the studies or the living.
【类文点津】
1．本题是提纲作文，是议论文题材。根据提纲要求，我们知道书面表达应分为三段：第一段，应引用温总理的两句话，然后用自己的话进行解释，此段也是整篇文章的论点部分。第二段，详细描述一个生活中关于信心或希望的真实例子，此段是论据部分。第三段，发出号召，鼓励人们在生活中应充满信心、满怀希望，此段与首段相呼应，结束全文。
2．在第二段要注意先叙述所遇到的困难，然后详细叙述是如何充满信心或希望地解决困难的，最后应总结一下。
3．应注意句式的变化，注意并列句、复合句和简单句的结合使用。
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