(共5张PPT)
Unit 2 King Lear
教材背景链接
类文欣赏
William Shakespeare (1564～1616) is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known.With his 38 plays,154 sonnets and 2 long poems，he has established his giant position in world literature. He has also been given the highest praises by various scholars and critics the world over.In the past 400 years or so，books and essays on Shakespeare and his works have kept coming out in large quantities.
Shakespeare went to a London which afforded a wonderful environment for the development of drama.
From about 1591 to about 1611，Shakespeare was in the prime of his dramatic career and his plays came out one after another.Shakespeare did not confine his genius merely to the theater.In 1593 and 1594，he published two narrative poems(叙事诗)．He also wrote sonnets，which were published in 1609.By 1597，Shakespeare was so prosperous that he bought the largest house in Stratford，known as New Place.About 1610 Shakespeare left London and retired to Stratford.He died on April 23,1616.
Generally his dramatic career is divided into four periods.
The first period was one of apprenticeship.He wrote five history plays：Henry Ⅵ，Parts Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ，Richard Ⅲ，and Titus Andronicus；and four comedies：The comedy of Errors，The Two Gentlemen of Verona，The Taming of the Shrew，and Love’s Labour’s Lost.
In the second period，Shakespeare’s style and approach became highly individualized.In this Period he wrote five histories：Richard Ⅱ，King John，Henry Ⅳ，Parts Ⅰ and Ⅱ，and Henry Ⅴ；six comedies：A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice，Much Ado About Nothing，As you Like It，Twelfth Night，and The Merry Wives of Windsor；and Two tragedies：Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar.
Shakespeare’s third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so called dark comedies.The tragedies of this period are Hamlet，Othello，King Lear，Macbeth，Antony and Cleopatra，Troilus and Cressida，and Coriolanus.The two comedies are All’s Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure.
The last period of Shakespeare’s work includes his principle romantic tragicomedies；Pericles，Cymbeline，The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest；and his two final plays：Henry Ⅶ and The Two Noble Kinsmen.
True (T) or False (F)：
1．Shakespeare wrote only 38 plays and two long poems in his life.( )
2．Romeo and Juliet is a famous comedy as well as All’s Well That Ends Well.( )
3．The Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare’s works written in the second period.( )
Keys: 1.F 2.F 3.T(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Preparing
预习多维感知
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
Step One： Fast Reading
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．How did King Lear judge which of the daughters had the most devotion for him
A．By their words.
B．By their actions.
C．By both their words and actions.
D．By his long time observation of his daughters.
2．From this part we can infer that ________.
A．King Lear didn’ t mind what Cordelia said
B．King Lear had intended to keep the best part of his kingdom for Cordelia
C．Cordelia’s sisters felt sorry for her
D．Cordelia didn’t love her father as much as her sisters
3．Cordelia said，“I’m sorry but I’m not as clever as my sisters.”This sentence implies that ________.
A．she wasn’t as good at expressing herself as her sisters
B．she thought highly of her sisters
C．she wouldn’t flatter her father as her sisters had done
D．she admitted she was foolish enough
4．From this part we can infer that ________.
A．Lear had a sense of responsibility for his kingdom
B．Lear valued a flattering public display of love over real love
C．Cordelia regretted not having flattered her father
D．Lear felt sympathy for Cordelia in a way
5．From the text we can learn that Kent is ________.
A．hard hearted B．truthful
C．weak D．positive
答案： 1～5.ABCBB
Step Two： Careful Reading
Read the text and fill in the blanks.
答案：
1.three 2.divide 3.action 4.with 5.telling 6.angry 7.nothing 8.what 9.disrespectfully 10.buy
Step Three：Summary
The King Lear，has three daughters.As he is becoming old and can’t take the 1.___________ of government，he wants to hand over the 2.___________ to his daughters.One day，he decides to 3.____________his kingdom among them and give the best part to 4.___________ of them loves him most.However，in the end，he believes the older daughters’ 5.____________and thinks his youngest daughter 6.___________ him.As a result，he gives away his kingdom to the 7._________ daughters，only keeping a 8.______
of 100 loyal soldiers for himself.While the youngest daughter is 9.____________ and her love of her father is also 10.____________ question，she gets nothing.
答案：
1.burden 2.responsibility 3.distribute 4.whichever 5.flattery 6.opposes
7.greedy 8.troop 9.innocent
10.beyond
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谢谢使用(共87张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading－Language Points
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1.If parents believe their child has been disrespectful，what should they do about it
如果父母认为他们的孩子是无礼的，他们对这种现象应该怎么做？
品味经典
①The worker is disrespectful to his manager.
这位员工不尊敬他的经理。
②The students in Class One are respectful to Mr.Wang.
一班的学生都尊重王老师。
自我探究
respectful adj. 恭敬的，尊敬人的。
归纳拓展
③Children ought to respect their elders.
孩子们应该尊敬长辈。
④I have a deep/great respect for him.
我对他非常尊重。
⑤With all due respect，we can’t agree to the plan.
恕我直言，我们不能同意这项计划。
⑥Please give my respects to your sister.
请代我向你姐姐问好。
完成句子
(1)昨天那个充满敬意的年轻人拜访了那位受人尊敬的小说家。
The ________ young man visited the ________ novelist yesterday.
答案：respectful；respected
(2)关于这个问题，我们下次会议上再进一步讨论。
______________this problem，we’ll discuss it further at the next meeting.
答案：In respect of
牛刀小试
2.The language has been modernized and it is no longer written as poetry.
语言已经变得现代化，它不再被写作诗歌。
品味经典
①They will continue to modernize the army.
他们将继续使军队现代化。
②They have failed to modernize existing factories.
他们没有使现有的工厂现代化。
自我探究
modernize v． 使现代化。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)If the industry doesn’t modernize，it will not survive.
__________________________________________
答案：该制造业若不现代化就不能继续存在。
(2)We are working hard to realize modernization.
__________________________________________
答案：为实现现代化，我们努力工作着。
3.The burden of government sits heavily on my shoulders.
治理国家的重担落在我的双肩上。
品味经典
①He could not carry the burden alone.
他一人挑不起这副担子。
②The burden of guilt has been lifted from my shoulders.
我已卸下了负疚的重担。
自我探究
burden n． 担子， 负担。
归纳拓展
③He burdened the horse with a load.
他使马负载。
④I don’t want to burden her with my troubles.
我不想以我的苦恼来加重她的负担。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)She ________ always ________ worries.
A．is；burdened to B．is；burdened with
C．was；burdened to D．was；burdening with
解析：选B。be burdened with担负着。句意为“她总是忧心忡忡”。
翻译句子
(2)农民已经卸去了教育费用的负担。
__________________________________________
答案：The burden of educational expenses have been taken off peasants’ shoulders.
I have decided to retire and hand_over the heavy load of responsibility to you three.
我已决定退休，把责任重担传到你们三人的手中。
(1)hand over
品味经典
①The old man made a promise to hand over his money to his youngest son.
老人立下遗嘱，把他的钱交给他最小的儿子。
②The company he works for has been taken over.
他所在的公司已经被接管了。
自我探究
hand over 移交(权利、责任)。
反义词：take over 接管。
归纳探究
③This pair of bracelets were handed down from my great grandmother.
这副手镯是我曾祖母传下来的。
④Please read this notice and hand it on.
请把这张通知看一下，并传阅。
牛刀小试
(1)The old headmaster ________his place to the young one.
A．handed in B．handed on
C．handed to D．handed over
解析：选D。句意：这位老校长把他的位置移交给年青人。hand over移交，根据句意选D。
(2)Responsibilily
品味经典
①A little child does not feel much responsibility.
小孩子不感到有什么责任。
自我探究
responsibility n．责任，职责。
归纳拓展
②You should take the responsibility for what you have done.
你应该对你做的事情负责任。
牛刀小试
(2)Under the present favorable and peaceful international circumstances，China and India have a common ________ to develop.
A．nationality B．personality
C．possibility D．responsibility
答案：D
5.Goneril，Regan，I shall distribute my kingdom between the two of you.
贡纳莉、里根，我将把我的王国分给你们两个人。
品味经典
①The firm distributed its profits among its workers.
公司将利润分给了工人。
②Our chain stores are distributed all over the country.
我们的连锁店遍布全国。
自我探究
distribute vt. 分发；分配。
归纳拓展
③The headmaster distributed the prizes to/among the winners at the meeting.
校长在大会上把奖品颁发给优胜者。
④The cherry tree has a wide distribution in Japan.
樱花树在日本分布很广。
易混辨析
distribute，divide
(1)distribute指将某物分成一定的部分或数量，然后分给某些人或地方，常与to连用；
(2)divide指把整体分为若干部分，常与into连用。
⑤The organization distributed food to the earthquake victims.
这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品。
⑥He divided the apple into six.
他把苹果分成六份。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)This species of butterfly is widely ________ (分布)over our country.
答案：distributed
(2)The teacher ________ (分成)our class into four groups.
答案：divided
6.LEAR：Do not contradict me.It is done.
KENT：But sir，please hear me out.I speak on_behalf_of Cordelia....Cordelia’s devotion to Your Majesty is beyond_question.
李尔：别顶撞我。就这么定了。
肯特：但是，陛下，请您听我讲完。我要替科迪莉亚讲几句话。
……科迪莉亚对陛下的热爱是无可置疑的。
(1) contradict
品味经典
①The witness contradicted the driver’s statement.
目击者否认那名司机的陈述。
②The books contradict each other.
这些书彼此矛盾。
③The speaker had got confused and started contradicting himself.
演讲者弄糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾。
自我探究
contradict vt. 同……矛盾；同……抵触；反驳。
归纳拓展
④What he did was contradictory to what he said.
他做的事与他说的话相矛盾。
⑤Their interests are not in contradiction to/with what we will do.
他们的利益与我们要做的事没有抵触。
牛刀小试
(1)His public speeches are ________ his personal lifestyle.
A．contradict with B．contradictory to
C．in contradiction with D．B and C
解析：选D。表示“与……相矛盾”可用contradict sth；be contradictory to和be in contradiction with。
(2)hear...out
品味经典
①Don’t make hasty conclusion；hear him out first.
不要匆匆下结论，先让他把话讲完。
②Let’s hear her out.咱们听她讲完。
③Let’s play the game out.让我们把比赛进行到底。
④Our food supply is running out.
我们的食物供应快耗尽了。
自我探究
hear...out意为 听完，副词out 有“到最后，彽底地；完全地；完，尽”之意。与动词连用，若宾语是代词放在out之前。
归纳拓展
⑤I’ve never heard of him.Who is he
我从未听说过他这个人，他是谁？
牛刀小试
完成句子
(2)Do you often ________________(收到你弟弟的来信吗)
答案：hear from your brother
(3)You will __________________(听说)this in a week.
答案：hear of/about
(4)Stop！____________________(听老师讲完)and then we can make a true conclusion.
答案：Hear the teacher out
(3)on behalf of
品味经典
①My father can not be here，but I want to thank you on behalf of him.
我父亲不能前来，我代表他向你们致谢。
②I paid the money on your behalf.
我替你付了钱。
自我探究
on behalf of sb. 代表某人……。
归纳拓展
③The agent spoke on behalf of his principal.
代理人代表他的委托人说话。
④She gave a piano recital on a charity’s behalf.
她为某慈善机构举行一场钢琴独奏会。
牛刀小试
(5)The husband has written the letter ________ his wife to express her thanks to the policemen.
A．for the sake of B．on behalf of
C．in spite of D．for the reason of
解析：选B。句意为：丈夫代表妻子给警察写了那封感谢信。for the sake of 为了，为了……的利益；on behalf of...代表，为了；in spite of 无论，不管；for the reason of 因为……的原因，只有on behalf of 符合题意。
(4)beyond question
品味经典
①It is beyond question that our team will win the first in the sports meeting.
毫无疑问，我们组将会在运动会中赢得第一。
自我探究
beyond question 无可争辩；毫无疑问，相当于without question。
beyond用作介词时，可表示“(程度)深于；(范围)越出；(可能性、理解力、能力等)非……可及”，能与不同的名词搭配，也能与代词搭配。
归纳拓展
②Understanding Hawking’s A Brief History of Time is beyond my capacity.我看不懂霍金的《时间简史》。
③Your bad behavior is beyond a joke.
你的不良行为超出了开玩笑的限度(你的玩笑开得太大了)。
④It’s beyond me why she married him.
我不明白她为什么会嫁给他。
牛刀小试
(6)I am sorry it’s ________ my power to make a final decision on the project.
A．over B．above
C．off D．beyond
解析：选D。本题考查介词辨析。over和above作为介词表方位时，意为“在……上方，高于……”；off的意思是“从……脱离，不在某物表面上”；而beyond意为“超出……的范围”。
7. LEAR：How dare you oppose me.Get out of my sight pack_up your things and be gone from my kingdom.If you have not passed beyond my frontiers within five days，I will have you killed.
李尔：你竟敢反对我。从我面前滚出去。收拾好你的东西，滚出我的王国。五天之内你若没有离开我的国土，我就叫人杀了你。
(1)oppose
品味经典
①He got angry when I opposed his plan.
当我反对他的计划时，他生气了。
②His daughter is very athletic as opposed to his son，who is very clever.
他的女儿擅长运动，儿子却擅用头脑，两人恰成对比。
③We are opposed to the idea of driving the car too fast.
我们反对开车太快的观点。
自我探究
oppose vt.反对；反抗；抵制。
归纳拓展
④They are on strike in opposition to the lay off.
他们罢工以反对临时解雇。
牛刀小试
用oppose的适当形式填空
(1)We are firmly ________ to the practice of power politics between nations.
(2)The workers ________ the new law and are getting together for a strike.
(3)People went on a march in ________ to the new law.
答案：(1)opposed (2)oppose (3)opposition
(2)pack up
品味经典
①He packed up his things and left.
他把东西打点好就走了。
②He was told by the boss to pack up.
老板把他解雇了。
③It’s time to pack up.
到收工的时候了。
自我探究
pack up 意为把……打包；整理。
归纳拓展
④She packed the children off to bed.
她把孩子全打发去睡觉了。
牛刀小试
用pack短语的适当形式填空
(4)I ______________ the gifts carefully.
答案：packed up
(5)The exhibition is still ______________ many visitors.
答案：packing in
8.For whichever_of you has for me the most devotion I will give to her the best part of everything I own.
因为你们当中不管是谁，只要最有孝心，我就把最好的一块给她。
句型巧析
品味经典
①Whichever of you fail must not be discouraged.
你们中不论谁失败了，都不要丧失信心。
②Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.
你们谁是第一谁就能得奖。
③I’ll give it to whichever of you wants it.
你们之中无论谁想要，我都会给的。
自我探究
whichever pron.不论哪一个；任何一个，引导名词性从句。或状语从句。
归纳拓展
Which表示具体的某一个，whichever泛指无论哪一个。类似whichever用法的词有whatever，whoever，whomever等。
④With the money，you can buy whatever you want .
有了这些钱，你可以想买什么就买什么。
⑤You may choose whichever you like.
不管你喜欢哪个，都可以选。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)You can pick ________ (任意一个)ball you like other than the blue one.
答案：whichever
(2)____________(不管是谁)leaves the classroom last should remember to turn off the light before leaving.
答案：Whoever
9.Try harder，Cordelia，or you may lose your share of the kingdom.
好好想一想，科迪莉亚，否则你可能会失去你应得的那份土地。
品味经典
①Turn left at the second crossing and you will see the cinema.
在第二个十字路口向左转，你就能看到电影院了。
②One more word，and I’ll dismiss you.
你再多言我就解雇你。
③Use your head，and you’ll have a way to solve the problem.
动动脑筋，你就会想出解决问题的方法。
自我探究
“祈使句＋or/and＋陈述句”的句型，陈述句表示结果，祈使句表示条件。该句型中的祈使句也可以省略成名词短语。
牛刀小试
句型转换
(1)Work hard and you will be admitted to a key university.→________ you work hard，you ____________ admitted to a key university.
答案：If；will be
(2)If you don’t hurry up，your will miss your flight.
→________________ you will miss your flight.
答案：Hurry up or
10.If_you_have_not_passed beyond my frontiers within five days，I will have you killed.
五天之内你若没有离开我的国土，我就叫人杀了你。
品味经典
①When I have enough money，I’ll buy that house.
当我有了足够的钱时就把那座房子买下来。
②If you don’t come on time, you’ll miss the good chance.
如果你不准时来，你将错失良机。
③I’ll go with you when I have done my homework.
我做完作业就和你一起去。
自我探究
从句中使用现在完成时态在此并非表示现在已经完成的动作，而是将来某个时间之前将要完成的动作。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，通常使用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。
牛刀小试
—What would you do if it ________ tomorrow
—We have to carry it on，since we’ve got everything ready.
A．rain B．rains
C．will rain D．is raining
解析：选B。条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，谓语动词不用将来时态，而用一般现在时或现在完成时，所以只有B项正确。
速效提能演练
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用(共86张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
速效提能演练
Unit 1
预习多维感知
Section Ⅲ
重点难点探究
预习多维感知
Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Part 3 is mainly about ________.
A．Oswald was disrespectful towards King Lear
B．King Lear was not being treated with the respect due to a king
C．Goneril complained about the hundred soldiers
D．King Lear got very angry and decided to leave immediately
2．Why did the Duke of Kent disguised as a servant ask for a job from King Lear
A．Because he was loyal to King Lear and wanted to help him.
B．Because he couldn’t escape from Britain.
C．Because he couldn’t make a living without King Lear.
D．Because Goneril was trying to catch him.
3．The reason why Oswald was disrespectful towards King Lear was that ________.
A．he was a foolish servant
B．he didn’t know how to treat people
C．Goneril encouraged him to do so
D．King Lear had done wrong to him before
4．Goneril complained about the hundred soldiers.Her real purpose was that ________.
A．she wanted to reduce the soldiers
B．she wanted to reduce the expenses to keep them
C．she wanted to drive King Lear out of her kingdom
D．she wanted to cause friction between Regan and her
5．It can be inferred that ________.
A．King Lear reunited his kingdom again
B．Goneril would be at war with Regan
C．Goneril was defeated by Regan
D．King Lear’s life of old age couldn’t be happy
答案：1～5. BACBD
1. Once the flight is confirmed，you can pay for it.
一旦确定了航班，你就可以付钱。
重点难点探究
词汇精研
品味经典
①The report wants to be confirmed.
这报告尚待进一步证实。
②Can you confirm what happened
你能证实一下发生了什么事吗？
自我探究
confirm vt.确定，证实。
归纳拓展
③I’m still waiting for confirmation of the test results.
我仍在等待考试结果的通知书。
易混辨析
confirm，prove
confirm指证实已知的事实或原有的想法。
prove 普通用词，指证明事物的真实性。
④Please write to confirm your reservation.
预定后请来函确认。
⑤It has been proved against him.
这已证明对他不利。
He ________ as a member of the Chinese Communist Party.
A．confirmed B．was confirmed
C．confirms D．has confirmed
解析：选B。confirm为及物动词，和主语he之间为动宾关系，故要用被动语态。
牛刀小试
2. Quickly making_a_name for himself as both actor and dramatist，Shakespeare soon earned enough money to buy his own theatre.
作为一名演员和剧作家，莎士比亚很快成名了。不久，他挣了足够的钱，买了自己的剧院。
品味经典
She has made a name for herself as a singer.
她已成为一名歌星。
自我探究
make a name 意为出名。
归纳探究
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)她最初是以当演员而成名的。
She first ________________ for herself as an actress.
答案：made a name
(2)他闯出了名气。
He’s __________________ for himself.
答案：made quite a name
3. The house had been vacant for a long time and so it was very dusty.
这座房子空了很长一段时间，因此满是灰尘。
①The seat next to him was vacant.
他旁边的座位空着。
②The vacant post was offered to Tom.
这个空缺的职位给了汤姆。
③Are there any rooms vacant in this hotel
这家旅馆有空房吗？
④He wants to apply for a vacant position in an office.
他想申请一个办公室空缺的职务。
⑤It was a vacant film for vacant minds.
这是一部给没有头脑的人看的无聊影片。
品味经典
自我探究
vacant adj.空的，空缺的。
归纳拓展
(1) adj.（职务、工作）空的，空闲的；
（神情等）茫然的，（心灵）空虚的
(2) Vacancy n. 空缺，空额
⑥I’m sorry，we have no vacancies.
对不起，我们客满了。
易混辨析
blank，hollow，empty，vacant
(1)blank“空白的”，常指没有字迹的(without print，writing or other marks)。
(2)hollow“中空的；空虚的”(having an empty space inside，not solid；not real，empty of real meaning)。
(3)empty指没有物或人在其中。
(4)vacant 指位置无人占用。
牛刀小试
用empty，vacant，hollow，blank填空
(1)The tree trunk was ________ inside.
(2)The house has been standing ________ for a long time.
(3)A lot of people applied for the post which became ________the other day.
(4)Sign your name in the ________ space below.
答案：(1)hollow (2)empty (3)vacant (4)blank
4. How does the Duke of Burgundy respond when he hears the news
当勃艮第公爵听到这个消息时，他的反应如何？
品味经典
①The doctor responded that he couldn’t tell the name of her disease.
医生回答说他无法说出她的病名。
②He failed to respond to the medicine.
他服了这药未见起色。
③The boy responded to the care with a thankful smile.
那男孩对那关心报以感激的微笑。
自我探究
respond vt.回应，应答；对……回答；vi.反应，对……回应(以动作)，显示良好的反应(与to连用)。
归纳拓展
④Millions of people gave freely in response to the famine appeal.
千百万人响应救灾呼吁而慷慨解囊。
⑤She made no response to my letter.
她没有回复我的信。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)His illness ______________(没有反应)treatment by drugs.
答案：didn’t respond to
(2)I asked him a question but he ____________(未作回答)．
答案：didn’t respond
5. I suspected the same，but I kept telling myself it was my imagination.
我曾这样怀疑过，但我不断地对自己说，这只是我的想象罢了。
品味经典
①The fox suspected danger and ran away.
狐狸怀疑有危险便逃跑了。
自我探究
suspect vt.怀疑。
归纳拓展
②We suspect the truth of his story.
他们怀疑他故事的真实性。
③He was suspected of having stolen the money.
我被怀疑偷了这笔钱。
④We suspected that he was lost，even before we were told.
在别人告诉我们这件事之前，我们已认为他有可能失踪了。
⑤What she said sounded convincing，but I suspect it to be a lie.
她的话听起来像那么回事，但我认为那是谎话。
⑥He is the prime suspect in the case.
他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。
易混辨析
doubt，suspect
(1)doubt“怀疑……不是”，表示不相信。肯定句中后跟whether/if宾语从句，否定句、疑问句中用that宾语从句。
(2)suspect“怀疑……是”，表示相信
⑦I doubt whether we’ll arrive on time.
我认为我们不可能按时到达。
⑧The police suspect her of murder.
警察怀疑她犯了谋杀罪。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我怀疑他拿了我的钱。
I ________ him ________my money.
答案：suspected；of taking
(2)他看上去很穷，但是我怀疑他有很多钱。
He seems poor, but I ________ he has quite a lot of money.
答案：suspect that
(3)我认为他就是那个扒手。
I ________ him ________ the pickpocket.
答案：suspect；to be 0
6. Sir，I am sorry，to tell you this，but it seems to me that you are not being treated with the respect due_to a king.
陛下，我很难过地告诉您，您在这儿似乎没有得到一个国王应有的尊敬。
品味经典
①This is the due reward for your service.
这是应当给你的报酬。
② A great deal of money is due to you.
应当付你一大笔钱。
③The train is due at 9∶00.
火车预定9点到达。
④These library books are due next month.
这些图书馆的书下个月到期应还。
自我探究
due adj.应给的，应支付的，预定的，到期的。
归纳拓展
due to 由于，因为
⑤The delay of the train is due to an accident.
由于出了事故，所以火车晚点了。
⑥His success was due to hard work.
他的成功是努力工作的结果。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)第30届奥运会2012年要在伦敦举办。
The 30th Olympic Games ____________________ in London in 2012.
答案：is due to be held
(2)他们是否已得到了应得的钱？
Have they been paid the money __________ them
答案：due to
(3)他因暴风雨而缺席。
His absence was ________ the storm.
答案：due to
7. I thought when I told you about their behaviour you would make them behave，but now I hear you have insulted Oswald.
我本来以为告诉你他们的行径之后，你会纠正他们的。但现在我倒是听说你辱骂了奥斯瓦尔德。
品味经典
①I could not stand his insult.
我受不了他的侮辱。
②I do not see why he should insult me by saying that.
我不明白他为什么要说那些话来侮辱我。
自我探究
insult n. & vt. 侮辱，凌辱。
归纳拓展
insulting adj. 侮辱的，无理的
③She was really insulting to me.
她对我实在粗鲁无礼。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这种考试是对学生智力的一种侮辱。
This exam is ______________ students’ intelligence.
答案：an insult to
(2)她无权那样侮辱我们。
She has no right ________ us like that.
答案：to insult
8. Is this my daughter scolding me
这难道是女儿在斥责我吗？
品味经典
①Did you scold her for breaking it
她把那件东西打破了，你骂他了吗？
②He didn’t scold at me even when I made a big mistake.
即使我犯大错，他也没责骂我。
自我探究
scold vt.责骂，斥责。
归纳拓展
scold sb. for sth. 为某事而责骂某人
③Dad scolded me for coming home late.
爸爸因我回家晚而训我。
易混辨析
blame，accuse，scold
blame“责备，责怪”，最普通用词，语气最弱，常与for连用；accuse除有“控告”之意外，还有“谴责”的意思，与of连用；scold“责骂，斥责”，表示“唠唠叨叨”地数落，多用于父母对子女、主人对仆人等责骂。
④He blamed me for my idleness.
他因我游手好闲而责备我。
⑤She accused him of cheating.
她告发他诈骗。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我摔了盘子时，妈妈责备了我。
My mother ________ me when I dropped the plates.
答案：scolded
(2)由于迟到我挨了责骂。
I got a ____________being late.
答案：scolding for
9. Besides，their drunken behaviour and bad manners are disgusting.
此外，他们醉醺醺的举止和不礼貌的行为让人感到恶心。
品味经典
①The police are tightening up on drunken driving.
警方目前采取严厉手段对付醉酒驾车行为。
②The drunken man was a dead weight in my arms.
这个醉汉在我怀里死沉。
③Every year at Christmas drunken driving takes its toll.
每年的圣诞节都有醉酒驾车的伤亡事故。
自我探究
drunken adj. 喝醉的；常醉的；drunken用作定语，drunk用作表语。
归纳拓展
④Milk is a good drink for the health.
牛奶是有益健康的饮料。
⑤Let’s drink to Paul’s success.
咱们为保罗的成功干杯。
牛刀小试
用drink的适当形式填空
(1)The accident is due to a________ driving.
(2)She got ________ on beer at the party yesterday.
(3)My father was advised to give up ________.
(4)He ________ so much that she couldn’t stand.
(5)We went outing last week with bottled ________.
答案：(1)drunken (2)drunk (3)drinking (4)drank (5)drinks
10. But the eldest daughter demanded that he reduce the number of his soldiers to fifty.
但是大女儿要求他减少士兵的数量到50人。
品味经典
①The judge demanded silence in the courtroom.
法官要求法庭上要安静。
②He demanded to be told everything.
他要求知道一切。
③The workers demanded that the boss (should) make an apology to them.
工人们要求老板向他们道歉。
自我探究
demand vt.要求；需要。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这种工作需要极大耐性。
This sort of work ________ great patience.
答案：demands
(2)她过问我的事情。
She ________________ my business.
答案：demanded to know
(3)他要求将一切都告诉他。
He ________ that he __________________ everything.
答案：demands；(should) be told
11. It’s as_though the whole world has gone to sleep.
好像整个世界都睡着了。
句型巧析
品味经典
①It seemed as though the night would never end.
夜晚好像永无止尽。
②It looks as if it is going to rain.
看来要下雨了。
③He fought as if his life were in danger.
他挣扎着就好像有生命危险似的。
④He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.
他吓得直哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。
自我探究
as though等于as if，此处引导表语从句，还可用于引导方式状语从句。
归纳拓展
(1)如果句从动词与主句动词在时间上是一致的，从句动词是过去式，表示“虚拟当时”，而不考虑主句的时态如何。
(2)如果从句动词早于主句动词发生，用过去完成时。
(3)如果从句动词晚于主句动词发生，从句用would ＋do。
⑤He talks as if/though he had been to the moon.
他讲起话来好像他去过月球了。
⑥He spoke as if/though he were Lennin.
他讲起话来像列宁。
⑦He talks as if/though he would go to the moon.
他讲起话来好像他要去月球。
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)He behaved as if nothing had happened.
_________________________________________
答案：他装作若无其事的样子。
(2)He rubbed his eyes and yawned as though waking up after a long sleep.
___________________________________________
答案：他又揉眼睛又打哈欠，好像睡了一大觉刚醒似的。
(3)It seems as if he knows everything.
__________________________________________
答案：他似乎是个万事通。
12. Get_my_horses_ready and collect my baggage.
备马，收拾行李。
品味经典
①I’ll go and get my hair cut.
我要去理发。
②You’ll never get him to understand.
谁也无法让他明白。
③It’s too cold and I can’t get the car starting.
天太冷了，我不能把车发动起来。
④Don’t get your computer dirty.
不要弄脏你的电脑。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
单句改错
(1)Do you think you’ll get the work finish on time
__________________________________________
答案：finish→finished
(2)Can you get the clock go again
__________________________________________
答案：go→going
(3)Did the boss get John deal with the case
__________________________________________
答案：deal→to deal
(4)I can’t get this drawer opened.
__________________________________________
答案：opened→open
13. I_suggest_you_teach_them how to behave properly.
我建议你教教他们怎样守规矩。
品味经典
①The order came that all the schools (should) have free weekends.
命令下发了，所有学校周末都不准安排课。
②The workers made a demand that they (should) be paid higher.
工人们提出要求，薪水高些。
③It is my suggestion that we (should) start early tomorrow morning.
我建议明早早点动身。
归纳拓展
Demand,suggest,insist,order,propose,command,
ask,advise等后的宾语从句，以及由demand, suggest,insist,order,propose,command,ask,advise等后的同位语从句，表语从句以及主语从句中都要用should+动词原形。其中should可省略。
牛刀小试
The captain commanded that all the things on board ________ away before the ship sank.
A．should throw B．be thrown
C．must be thrown D．were thrown
解析：选B。command后从句中用should＋动词原形。排除C、D，而things和throw之间为被动关系，故选B。
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谢谢使用(共51张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
写作专题突破
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅳ
语法专题突破
状语
一、状语的定义
用来修饰动词、形容词、副词等及其短语、从句或句子的成分被称为状语。
二、状语的分类
1．修饰性状语
修饰谓语或谓语动词，根据其意义内容可分为时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、程度状语、目的状语、项目状语、结果状语、条件状语、让步状语、伴随状语等。
I called on her yesterday.我昨天拜访了她。
(时间状语)
He has just left.他刚离开。(时间状语)
I met her on_the_street.我在街上遇见了她。
(地点状语)
He left without_saying_goodbye.他不辞而别。
(方式状语)
They treat us kindly.他们对待我们很友好。
(方式状语)
I don’t quite understand.我不完全理解。
(程度状语)
2．评注性状语
评注性状语是对全句进行说明或解释，表示说话人对话语的看法或态度。
Personally，I think he is a good teacher.
在我个人看来，我觉得他是个好老师。
Happily，he was not injured.幸运的是，他没受伤。
To_our_regret，he knew nothing about it.
令我们遗憾的是，他对此一无所知。
He may be late.Worse_still，he may not come at all.
他或许会迟到。更糟的是，他或许根本就不来。
3．连接性状语
连接性状语在句子间起连接作用。
It won’t work：for_a_start，it’s a bad idea，and secondly，it’ll ecost too much。
它是行不通的：首先，这个主意不好；其次，花费太大。(表列举，顺序)
It’s a little bit too large for me；besides，I don’t like the color.
对我来说有点大；此外，我不喜欢这颜色。
(表意义增补)
He is being a fool.In_other_words，he is behaving foolishly.
他显得很傻。换句话说，他表现得很傻。(表等同)
Give him a chance；otherwise，you will regret it.
给他个机会，否则你会后悔的。(表转折)
It rained heavily last night；consequently，the land was flooded.
昨晚雨下得很大，所以那地方被淹了。(表因果)
三、担任状语的成分
1．名词作状语
用来表示时间、距离、长度、高度等的名词可以作状语，常放在句末。
I met Mr.Brown on the street yesterday.
昨天我在大街上遇到了布朗先生。
We have covered twenty_miles.
我们已经走了二十英里了。
2．形容词作状语，用来表示伴随或主语的状态
He lay in bed awake.他醒着躺在床上。
The child went home four days later，cold_and_hungry.
四天后那孩子又冷又饿地回到家。
3．副词(短语)作状语
用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或全句。修饰全句时，一般放在句首由逗号与句子隔开；修饰形容词、副词时，一般放在它们的前面(enough除外)；修饰动词时，通常放在句末，也可放在句首，但某些频度副词，如always，seldom，often，never，rarely等常放在动词之前，情态动词、助词或系动词之后。
He walks very_slowly.他走得很慢。
Luckily，he passed the driving test for the first time.
幸运地是，他第一次就通过了驾驶测试。
4．介词短语作状语
多放在句末或句首，但有时也可放在句中。
I haven’t seen him for_3_years.我已经三年没见他了。
At the moment he is in_Shenzhen.目前他在深圳。
5．不定式(短语)作状语
可表示目的或结果。表目的时，既可放在句首，也可放在谓语动词之后，还可以用in order to或so as to来替代(so as to不能放在句首)；表结果时，常放在谓语动词之后或句尾，表示出乎意料的结果，to前有时可加only或just来修饰。
To_improve_my_English，I intend to practise reading English texts every morning.
为了提高我的英语成绩，我打算每天早上练习读英语课文。
He hurried to the airport，only_to_find_the_plane_had_taken_off.
他匆忙地赶到了飞机场，结果发现飞机已起飞了。
6．现在分词作状语
表示时间、原因、方式、伴随和结果等。句子的主语与现在分词之间是主动(主谓)关系。
Not_catching_the_bus，I had to wait for the next.
由于没赶上公共汽车，我只好等下一班。
The man died，leaving_her_a_great_fortune.
男人去世了，留给了她一大笔财富。
7．过去分词作状语
表示时间、原因、条件和让步。主语和过去分词之间存在被动关系。
Caught_in_the_heavy_rain_last_night，she fell ill.
由于昨天晚上淋了大雨，她病倒了。
Given_another_five_minutes，I can have your photos developed.
再给我五分钟，我就可以给你洗出照片来。
8．复合结构(独立主格)作状语
常用来表示时间、原因、条件、伴随或行为方式等。复合结构中动词的逻辑主语与其修饰的句子的主语不一致。
With_time_going_on，our country becomes richer and richer.
随着时间的推移，我们的国家变得越来越富强。
It_raining_cats_and_dogs，the game had to be put off.
由于天降大雨，比赛不得不被推迟了。
9．状语从句作状语
As_soon_as_Wen_Jiabao_entered_the_hall_of_the_Harvard，all the students present gave him a loud applause.(时间状语从句)温家宝一走进哈佛大学的会议厅，全场响起了热烈的掌声。
Corn grows well where_it_is_hot_and_there_is_plenty_of_rain.
(地点状语从句)玉米在高温多雨的地方长得好。
He was late because_there_was_something_wrong_with_their_plane.(原因状语从句)他来晚了是因为飞机出了故障。
You shan’t go out unless_you_hand_in_your_paper.(条件状语从句)不交试卷不准出场。
Wherever_you_go，I will follow you.(让步状语从句)
无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。
She speaks English so fast_that_I_can’t_catch_her.(结果状语从句)她英语说得如此快以至于我听不懂。
He carried some bread and bottled water so_that_we_could_eat_and_drink_on_the_road.
(目的状语从句)他带了些面包和矿泉水以备我们路上用。
He made a face at me as_if_he_had_known_what_I_would_tell_his_mother.(方式状语从句)他冲我做了个鬼脸，好像他已经知道我要告诉他妈妈什么了。
He runs as fast as_I_do.(比较状语从句)
他跑得和我一样快。
温馨提示
(1)every time，the moment，the day，the first time，last time等名词短语也可以用作连词引导时间状语从句。
The_day_I_went_to_school_for_the_first_time，I made friends with Tom.
我上学的第一天就与汤姆交上了朋友。
(2)immediately，directly，instantly也可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意思上相当于as soon as。
He got off his bike immediately_he_saw_his_teacher.
他一看见老师就从自行车上下来了。
(3)Seeing(that)，Considering(that)，Now(that)也可以引导原因状语从句。
Considering_it_is_raining_hard，I won’t climb the hill.
由于雨下得很大，所以我不去爬山了。
(4)Suppose/Supposing(that)，Providing/Provided(that)也可以引导条件状语从句，意思上相当于“if”(如果，假如)。
Suppose_it_is_very_hot，we will go to swim in the lake.
如果天非常热，我们就去湖里游泳。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．He sent me an e mail，________(hope)to get further information.
答案：hoping
2．I hear they’ve promoted Tom，but he didn’t mention ____________(promote)when we talked on the phone.
答案：having been promoted
语法专练
3．The children finished the run in less than half the time________(allow)．
答案：allowed
4．________(see)that she was going off to sleep，I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
答案：Seeing
5．The news reporters hurried to the airport，only________(tell)the film star had left.
答案：to be told
6．My sister，an inexperienced rider，was found sitting on the bicycle________(try)to balance it.
答案：trying
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．病人即使得到及时的手术，生命也无法挽救。
_________he had been operated on without delay，the patient would not have been saved.
答案：Even if
2．一见到她，我就告诉她你在找她。
____________ I see her I’ll tell her that you are looking for her.
答案：The moment
3．在入口处，玻璃门已取代了木门，这样白天自然光便可照射进来。
The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，__________ the natural light during the day.
答案：letting in
4．为防火灾，所有疏散通道务必畅通。
____________fire，all exits must be kept clear.
答案：In case of
5．为学好英语，我们早晨都朗读。
__________English well，we do reading aloud every morning.
答案：To study
6．我们如果有足够的时间，可以把这出戏表演得非常好。
__________enough time，we can perform this play very well.
答案：Given
7．从这山顶上看，我们发现我们的学校非常漂亮。
__________from the top of the hill，we can find our school very beautiful.
答案：Seeing
8．一群孩子有说有笑地从教室里走出来。
A group of children came out of the classroom，______________.
答案：laughing and talking
1．You were silly not ________ your car.
A．to lock B．to have locked
C．locking D．having locked
解析：选B。不定式短语作原因状语，完成式表示该动作发生在were之前。故选B。
2．After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，________.
A．exhausting B．exhausted
C．being exhausted D．having exhausted
解析：选B。过去分词作伴随结果状语，等于and were exhausted。故选B。
3．Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made______ in the restaurant.
A．working B．work
C．to work D．worked
解析：选A。working in the restaurant为现在分词短语在句中作状语。
4．I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ________.
A．to be breathed B．to breathe
C．breathing D．being breathed
解析：选B。在“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。
5．—How far away do they live
—________ I know，they live in the same neighbourhood.
A．As long as B．As far as
C．As well as D．As often as
解析：选B。as far as I know是“就我所知”的意思。故选B。
6．I do every single bit of housework ________ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
A．since B．while
C．when D．as
解析：选B。该句意思是“我……而我丈夫……”，这里只有while 能表示“转折”。故选B。
7．—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
—Yes，I gave it to her ________ I saw her.
A．while B．the moment
C．suddenly D．once
解析：选B。名词短语the moment引导时间状语从句。故选B。
8．The famous scientist grew up ________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A．when B．whenever
C．where D．wherever
解析：选C。句意：这位著名的科学家在他的出生地成长。1930年，他来到了上海。这是地点状语从句。故选C。
9．He was about to tell me the secret ________ someone patted me on the shoulder.
A．as B．until
C．while D．when
解析：选D。这是并列句，主句部分表示“背景”，在此背景下“突然”发生另一动作。故选D。
10．Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ________ her boss could read it first next morning.
A．so that B．because
C．before D．or else
解析：选A。“老板能在第二天早上第一时间读到她写的报告”是她的“目的”。故选A。
写作专题突破
【写作要求】
人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。
注意：1.文章必须包括表中的全部内容。
2．词数100左右。
3．参考词汇：网络朋友online friend(s)；上当受骗get cheated
【要点词汇】
1．对待……的态度________________
答案：an attitude toward...
2．反对/支持________________
答案：be/argue against/for
3．广交朋友________________
答案：make many friends
4．表达情感和观点________________
答案：express their feelings and opinions
5．影响________________
答案：have an effect on
6．可能________________
答案：be likely to do
7．关于，至于________________
答案：as to/as for/with regard to
【句式结构】
1．网络有助于交友。
The Internet __________ make many friends.
答案：helps
2．通过网上聊天，学生可以自由地表达他们的情感和观点。
____________，students can freely convey/express their feelings and opinions.
答案：Chatting online
3．然而，有些人认为学生不应该上网聊天。
Others，________，think students shouldn’t chat online.
答案：however
【连句成篇】
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Should students make friends online？Some people say yes.The Internet helps make many friends.Chatting online，students can freely express their feelings and opinions，and even get help with their foreign language studies.
Others，however，think students shouldn’t chat online.They say making friends online is a waste of time，which should be spent more meaningfully on study.Besides，some students get cheated online.
It is my opinion that students should place their study，health and safety before other things.As for friendship，we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.
【类文点津】
1．本文是一篇关于某事的不同观点的文章，而且要求阐明自己的看法。因此，文章大体可分为三段，第一段首先提出争论的焦点，然后陈述一方的观点；第二段陈述另一方的观点；第三段表明自己的观点。
2．因为本文要陈述不同的观点，要注意使用表示对比的词，如while，some...others...，however，on the other hand，though等。
3．陈述一方的观点时，要注意叙述的逻辑性，通常要先表明观点，然后叙述理由或根据。
4．表述时要注意句式的变化，既要有简单句，也要使用复合句。要避免使用过于常用的表达方式，如In my opinion，...
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