(共5张PPT)
Unit 5 Enjoying novels
教材背景链接
Dickens was born on 7 February
1812, in Landport，Ports-mouth,
in Hampshire, the
second of eight children to
John Dickens(1786～1851),
a clerk in the Navy Pay Office
at Ports-mouth.When he was five, the family moved to Chatham, Kent.In 1822, when he was ten, the family relocated to 16 Bayham Street, Camden Town, in London.
His early years seem to have been an idyllic(田园诗般的)time，although he thought himself then a “very small and not-over-particularly-taken-care-of boy”．He spent time outdoors，but also read widely，with a particular fondness for the novels about evil persons.He talked, later in life, of his memories of childhood, and of his continuing memory of the people and events that helped to bring his fiction to life.His family’s early，moderate wealth provided the boy Dickens with some private education at William Giles’s School, in Chatham.
This time of prosperity came to an abrupt end, however, when his father spent beyond his means in entertaining and in retaining his social position, and was finally imprisoned.Shortly afterwards，the rest of his family joined him in residence at Marshalsea.This provided the setting of one of his works, Little Dorrit in which the title character’s father was imprisoned.
Just before his father’s arrest, 12-year-old Dickens had begun working ten?hour days at Warren’s Blacking Warehouse，on Hungerford Stairs, near the present Charing Cross railway station.He earned six shillings a week pasting labels on jars of thick shoe polish.
This money paid for his lodgings with Mrs.Roylance and helped support his family.His experiences served to influence later fiction and essays, and were the foundation of his interest in the reform of socio-economic and labour conditions.
Questions：
1. Do you think Dickens was happy，when he was young
________________________________________________________________________
2. Can you list some of Dickens’ works Have you read them
________________________________________________________________________
Keys：1.No.Dickens had to work hard to support his family after his father was arrested.
2．略(共75张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
速效提能演练
Unit 1
预习多维感知
Section Ⅲ
重点难点探究
预习多维感知
Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
“The Proposal”from Pride and Prejudice
1．Why did Elizabeth refuse Mr.Darcy
A. Because she felt that they were not equal in social status.
B．Because he opposed the marriage of her sister with his friend.
C．Because he treated Mr.Wickham cruelly.
D．Because she didn’t like or love him.
2．Why was Mr.Darcy sure that she would accept him
A．Because he was so rich.
B．Because he was sure she loved him.
C．Because she was sensitive to his pain.
D．Because she did not discount his affection.
3．Why was Mr.Darcy surprised at Elizabeth’s refusal
A. He thought he was a rich and handsome gentleman whom any woman wanted to marry.
B．He thought he could capture the hearts of women by his good manner.
C．He met her a second time and was sure she would accept his hand in marriage easily.
D．She was poor and had low social rank.Any woman like her wanted to marry a rich man like him.
4．What caused Elizabeth to refuse Mr.Darcy so abruptly
A．His unkindness.
B．His outspoken.
C．His arrogance.
D．His anxiety.
5．Can you guess the end of the story
A．Elizabeth didn’t marry Mr.Darcy.
B．Elizabeth married Mr.Darcy.
C．Elizabeth became a good friend of Mr.Darcy.
D．Elizabeth became an enemy of Mr.Darcy.
答案：1～5. DADCB
1.If the weather permits，we will set off for the warehouse for some bargains.
如果天气允许的话，我们会出发去货栈买些便宜货。
重点难点探究
词汇精研
品味经典
①This house is for rent.It’s a bargain.
这所房子是出租的。租金很便宜。
②A bargain is a bargain.
协议总是协议。
自我探究
bargain n．便宜货；v.讨价还价，协议。
归纳拓展
bargain with sb.about/over/for sth.与某人就某事讨价还价；谈判
bargain for/on sth.(用于否定句)预料到；有备于make a bargain with sb.与某人做交易
into/in the bargain另外；而且；也
③She bargained with the shop assistant over the price of a toy.
她与售货员讲玩具的价钱。
④He bargained with his brother for the property.
他就财产与他的弟弟进行商议。
Let’s ________a bargain.If you do my homework，I’ll give you the book Harry Potter.
A．do B．strike
C．make D．hit
解析：选C。make a bargain做个协定。
牛刀小试
2.After I had inspected the wall closest to the bungalow I carefully descended，my lucky chain dangling round my neck.
在我仔细检查房的那面墙后发现，幸运链仍然戴在我的脖子上。
品味经典
①It was strange that nobody inspected my ticket before I got on the train.
很奇怪，我上火车前，竟然没有人查看我的车票。
②Several officials of the Education Bureau came to inspect our school last week.
上周，教育局的几位官员来我校视察。
自我探究
inspect vt.检查；视察。
归纳探究
inspect sth.检查某物
inspect a school/factory视察学校/工厂
inspect sb./sth.for sth.检查；审视
inspection n.检查，视察
inspector n.检查员；督学，巡官(警察
易混辨析
examine，inspect，investigate
三者都有“调查，检查”之意。
(1)examine 可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或调查以确认事物的性质、功能、特点等。
(2)inspect侧重按一定质量标准检查某物，找出不足或不同之处。
(3)investigate指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的现场考察。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)联邦调查局奉命进行调查。
The FBI has been called in to________.
答案：investigate
(2)医生给她作了检查，但没发现什么问题。
The doctor________her but could find nothing wrong.
答案：examined
(3)检查和修理铁轨的工人。
A man employed to ________and repair railroad tracks.
答案：inspect
3.In vain have I struggled!
我怎么挣扎都不行，不管用！
①They tried in vain to persuade her to go.
他们极力劝说她去，但枉费了一番口舌。
②All our efforts were in vain.
我们的所有努力都付诸东流了。
品味经典
自我探究
in vain意为徒然，徒劳。
归纳拓展
vain adj.(对自己的才、貌等)自视过高的，自负的，无价值的；无意义的
vain promises空头许诺
vain pleasures空欢喜
a vain attempt劳而无功的努力
③He shouted after them，vainly trying to attract their attention.
他在他们的后面高喊，想引起他们的注意，却是徒劳。
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)All our work was in vain.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：我们的工作全都白干了。
(2)I sought to persuade him，but in vain.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：我试图说服他，但无效。
4.At first，in spite of disliking him，she did not discount his affection，and was sensitive to the pain she was going to cause him when she declined his offer of marriage.
起初，虽然不喜欢他，她并没有漠视他的爱，而且还很在意回绝他的求婚会给他带来的痛苦。
(1)sensitive
品味经典
①Eyes are sensitive to light.
眼睛对光敏感。
②Children are usually sensitive to blame.
小孩们通常容易因责备而感情上受到伤害。
自我探究
sensitive adj.敏感的，易受伤害的。
归纳拓展
sensitive adj.敏感的，感觉灵敏的；神经过敏的，神经质的；在意的
be sensitive to...对……敏感的；体谅
③She is sensitive to other people’s feelings.
她很能体谅他人的情感。
牛刀小试
(1)Maria is a ________person and never makes any unreasonable demands.
A．sensitive B．sensible
C．obedient D．jealous
解析：选B。sensible通情达理的；sensitive敏感的；obedient顺从的；jealous妒忌的，猜疑的，警惕的。
(2)decline
品味经典
①Their spokesman declined to comment on that.
他们的发言人拒绝对此发表评论。
②Support for the party continues to decline.
对该党的支持继续下降。
③The company reported a small decline in its profits.
公司报告其利润略有减少。
自我探究
decline vt.& vi.拒绝；衰退；下降 n．减少，下降。
归纳拓展
decline sth./to do sth.拒绝某事/做某事
decline by...下降了(后常接数字)
decline to...下降到(后常接数字)
a decline in/of...……的减少(下降)
on the decline在衰退中，在减少中
④The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year.
去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。
⑤Their spokesman declined to comment on the allegations.
他们的发言人拒绝对这些指控加以评论。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(2)她的健康每况愈下，可能不久于人世。
She is ________________，and may die soon.
答案：on the decline
(3)上个月失业率降至百分之四。
Unemployment________________4 percent last month.
答案：declined to
(4)她说她身体不舒服，婉拒了与她的朋友共进午餐。
She declined ________________lunch with her friend，saying that she wasn’t feeling well.
答案：to have
5.At length he asked，“And this is all the reply that I am to have！I might，perhaps，ask why I am refused so abruptly？”
终于，他问道：“这就是我得到的全部答案！也许我可以问一下，为什么我会被如此断然地拒绝？”
品味经典
①At length the building was completed.
这个建筑终于完工了。
②At length she changed her mind about him and gave him her hand.
终于，她改变了自己对他的看法，并同意嫁给他。
③He spoke at length on this question.
他详细地阐述了这个问题。
自我探究
at length意为终于，最终；详细地。
归纳拓展
at great/some/more length冗长地，絮叨地
at arm’s length伸手可及之处
at full length伸展全身；冗长地，详尽地
go any/some/great considerable length(to do sth.)不遗余力地；竭尽全力地
④The boy lay at full length on the grass.
男孩伸展全身躺在草地上。
牛刀小试
The river is about 1,600 metres wide and 2,000 kilometres ________.
A．at full length B．at length
C．for a length D．in length
解析：选D。句意：这条河宽约1600多米，长约2000多公里。“in length”长，在长度上。
6.“I might as well enquire，”replied she，“why you told me that you liked me against your will？”
“我还想再问一句，”她答道：“为什么你对我说你是违心地喜欢我？”
(1)enquire
品味经典
①I enquired about trains to New York.
我查问有关去纽约的火车开行情况。
②We will enquire into the matter.
我们将调查这事。
自我探究
enquire v．询问；查询。
归纳拓展
enquire sth.of sb.询问某人某事
enquire about sb./sth.打听消息
enquire after sb.问好，问候，问安
enquire into sth.调查/究问某事＝look into sth.
enquirer n.调查者，查问者
enquiring adj.爱打听的
enquiry n.询问,enquiries n.问讯处
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)“你好吗？”她问道。
“How are you？”she________.
答案：enquired
(2)人们打电话来询问婴儿的情况。
People called ________________the baby.
答案：to enquire about
(2)against one’s will
品味经典
①You should have explicitly told us the truth，but not cheat us against your will.
你应该明白地告诉我们真相，不应该违心地骗我们。
自我探究
against one’s will 意为违心地。
归纳拓展
at will随意地
②He picked up the book at will.
他随意地拿了本书。
牛刀小试
(3)I began to feel________in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.
A．at home B．at heart
C．at will D．at sight
解析：选A。此题考查固定短语。feel at home意为“感觉自在”，符合题意。句意：当我看见一些熟悉面孔时，我在新学校开始感觉很自在。at heart“在内心里”，at will“随意，任意”，at sight“一见”。
7.“I have every reason in the world to think ill of you.You cannot deny that you opposed the marriage of my sister with your friend，”she repeated.
“我有足够的理由对你怀有恶感。你无法否认你反对过我姐姐同你朋友的婚事，”她重复道。
品味经典
Don’t think ill of whoever doesn’t do better than you，which is not good manners.
不要诋毁做得不如你的任何人，那是不礼貌的。
自我探究
think ill of意为对……评价不高。
归纳拓展
(1)反义词：think highly/much/no end/well of...对……评价极高
(2)短语归纳：
think about/of思索；考虑
think aloud自言自语
think away想开了
think back to回忆起
think over仔细考虑一下
think to oneself心中想
think up想出；虚构
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)He thinks nothing of walking thirty miles a day.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：他认为一天走30英里很平常。
(2)I don’t hope you think badly of me for leaving.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：我希望我的离开不会让你失望。
8.With assumed calmness he replied，“I did everything in my power to separate my friend from your sister，and I rejoice in my success.”
他假装镇静地回答道：“我尽自己所能，用各种办法来拆散我的朋友和你的姐姐，而且我对自己的成功感到很高兴。”
品味经典
①He often rejoices at other people’s misfortunes.
他常常对别人幸灾乐祸。
②The ball fans rejoiced over the news of their team’s victory.
这些球迷听到他们球队胜利的消息而欢欣鼓舞。
③I rejoice to hear that you are all well.
听到你们的身体都很好，我很高兴。
自我探究
rejoice vi.欣喜，高兴，喜悦 vt.使高兴，使欢喜。
归纳拓展
rejoice at/over sth.为……感到高兴
rejoice to do sth.做某事很高兴
be rejoiced to hear/at hearing听到……而高兴rejoice that clause高兴……
牛刀小试
完成句子
听说你高升我非常高兴。
I rejoice________________your promotion.
答案：to hear of
9....but it was evident from his face that he felt sure of her answer.
……但是从他的面部表情来看，很显然他对她的答复很有把握。
句型巧析
品味经典
①It is illegal to drive without a licence.
无照驾驶是违法的。
②It’s no good complaining.
抱怨是不会有好处的。
③It is a pity that you didn’t meet him.
你没有见到他真可惜。
④It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.
她来或不来都无关紧要。
自我探究
句中的it是形式主语，that引导的从句才是真正的主语，it起到平衡句子结构的功能。句中真正的主语可以是不定式、动名词或名词性从句。
牛刀小试
句型转换
It is known that the earth is round.
＝________________known to all，the earth is round.
答案：As is
＝________________known to all is________the earth is round.
答案：What is；that
10.And with these words he hastily left the room.
讲完这些话，他匆匆地离开了房间。
品味经典
①With these words he threw a stone at the dog.
说了这些话之后，他朝这只狗扔了一块石头。
②Skill comes with experience.
经验越多，技巧越熟练。
③With time going on，he grows taller and taller.
随着时间的流逝，他长得越来越高。
自我探究
with these words 意为说了这些话，说着这些话，with表示“随着”。
归纳拓展
with 用法小结：
(1)表示“和……在一起，”“由……陪同”或“有……在场”的意思。
(2)表示两种事物之间的相应关系或齐头并进的意思。
(3)表示“带有，带来，带走，携带”等，表伴随的意思。
④Mr.and Mrs.Smith were there，with their family of three small children.
史密斯夫妇带着他们三个年幼的孩子都在那儿。
⑤With time passing，they have grown into big boys and big girls.
随着时间的流逝，他们都长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。
⑥Temperatures vary with the time of the year.
温度随着时令而变化。
⑦I have called with a message for Mrs.Thompson.
我有口信带给汤普森夫人。
⑧He came downstairs with his coat over his arm.
他把外衣搭在胳膊上走下楼来。
(4)引导一个表示方式的状语附加语。
⑨She lay back in the chair with her eyes closed.
她闭着眼睛背靠在椅子上坐着。
⑩He looked at me with a frown.
他皱着眉头看我。
同样的用法还有：with a sneer嘲笑地，with a sigh唉声叹气地，with a sob抽噎地，with a laugh哈哈一笑、大笑着。
(5)指原因或理由。
She was shivering with cold.
她冷得发抖。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)It was a pity that the great writer died________________(他的作品没完成)．
答案：with his work unfinished
(2)Bob is really hard________________(相处)．
答案：to get along with
速效提能演练
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谢谢使用(共13张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading－Preparing
预习多维感知
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
Step One：Fast Reading
Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Why were English women writers most famous in literature in the 19th century in the world
A．Women writers could not publish their works.
B．Women were proud of getting married.
C．Women writers produced works of the highest quality.
D．Women writers were braver than men ones.
2．Who was one of the five famous English women writers in literature in the 19th century in the world
A．Cao Xueqin.
B．Charlotte Brontё.
C．Mark Twain.
D．Charles Dickens.
3．Who wrote the famous novel Jane Eyre
A．Jane Austen.
B．Charlotte Brontё.
C．George Eliot.
D．Rudyard Kipling.
4．What did Charles Dickens describe in the novel
A．The hardships and sufferings of the poor people.
B．The marriage of the poor people.
C．The love of the poor people.
D．The liberty of the poor people.
5．Why couldn’t the women writers have their novels published under their real names
A．Their novels were too difficult.
B．There was nothing but love in their novels.
C．There were no equality for women.
D．Their novels were worse than men writers’．
答案：1～5. CBBAC
Step Two：Careful Reading
Read the text and fill in the blanks.
Part Paragraph Topic sentence
One 1 In a strange contradiction，this period produced five of the most courageous and 1.____________authoresses.
Two 2 Jane Austen was the 2.____________ of these great women writers.
3 This sentence is making 3.________of those mothers 4.________ only wish is to marry their daughters well.
Part Paragraph Topic sentence
Two 4 The three Brontё sisters chose to publish their works 5.________the name of men.
5 Charlotte Brontё was the most 6.______of the three Brontё sisters.
6 The 7.________premier authoress of this period was George Eliot.
Three 7 8.________ some excellent male authors Charles Dickens stands 9.________as a literary critic 10.________the injustices of his society.
答案：1.gifted 2.first 3.fun 4.whose 5.under 6．famous 7.fifth 8.Among 9.out 10.of
Step Three：Summary
There 1.____________to be a consensus in society that opposed the writing of novels by authoresses.2.____________so there is another twist to this story.In a strange 3.____________，this period produced five of the most courageous and gifted authoresses who got 4.____________this ban.Jane Austen was the first of these great women writers.Her novels deal with the problems and 5.____________of women’s choices.Charlotte Brontё was the most famous of the three Brontё sisters.
Her novels described women 6.____________against their restricted roles in society.Jane Eyre was a 7.____________after the more reserved feelings expressed in Jane Austen’s novels.George Eliot’s novels examined the morally 8.____________concessions people male in their lives in order to succeed.Among some excellent male authors，Charles Dickens 9.____________out as a literary critic of the injustices of his society.His novels describe the hardships of poor people who did not 10.____________money or a sponsor to smooth their path.
答案：1.used 2.Even 3.contradiction 4.round
5．limitations 6.struggling 7.revelation 8.ambiguous 9．stands 10.possess
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谢谢使用(共39张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
写作专题突破
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅳ
语法专题突破
独立主格
一、概念
“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。
二、功能
独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。
1．表示时间
The meeting being over，all of us went home.
开完会后我们都回家了。
Her work done，she sat down for a cup of tea.
她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。
2．表示条件
The condition being favorable，he may succeed.
若条件有利，他或许能成功。
3．表示原因
There being no taxis，we had to walk.
没有出租车，我们只好步行。
He wrapped her up with great care，the night being dark and frosty.
夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。
4．表示伴随情况
Almost all metals are good conductors，silver being the best of all.
几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。
(＝Almost all metals are good conductors，and silver is the best of all.)
5．表示补充说明
We redoubled our efforts，each man working like two.
我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。
【温馨提示】 独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。
三、构成
名词(代词)＋现在分词、过去分词
名词(代词)＋形容词
名词(代词)＋副词
名词(代词)＋名词
名词(代词)＋不定式
名词(代词)＋介词短语构成
四、特点
1．独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2．名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即逻辑主语为动作执行者。
3．独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
(1)名词/代词＋现在分词
Winter coming，it gets colder and colder.
冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。
(2)名词/代词＋过去分词
“Marquis，”said the boy，turning to the man，his eyes opened wide，and his right hand raised.
(3)名词/代词＋形容词
It stood silent in the noon sunlight，its door open.
(4)名词/代词＋副词
Nobody in，the thief took a lot of things away.
(5)名词/代词＋名词
He fought the wolf，a stick his only weapon.
他和狼搏斗着，唯一的武器是一根棍棒。
(6)名词/代词(主格)＋不定式
We shall assemble at ten forty?five，the procession to start moving at precisely eleven.
我们十点四十五分集合，队伍十一点准时出发。
(7)名词/代词＋介词短语
The huntsman entered the forest，gun in hand.
那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。
五、用法
1．与状语从句的转换
The test finished，we began our holiday.
＝When the test was finished，we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The president assassinated，the whole country was in deep sorrow.
＝After the president was assassinated，the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲痛之中。
2．with的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。with＋名词(代词)＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
He stood there，his hand raised.
＝He stood there，with his hand raised.
六、盲点直击
1．独立主格与状语从句的转换
当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。
After class was over(＝Class being over/Class over)，the students soon left the classroom.
下课后，学生很快离开了教室。
2．不能省略being(having been)的情形
在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being(或having been)不能省略。
(1)独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。
It being Sunday，we went to church.
因为是星期天，我们去做了礼拜。
(2)在There being＋名词的结构中。
There being no bus，we had to go home on foot.
因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。
3．通常不用物主代词或冠词
在“名词(或代词)＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。
Miss Smith entered the classroom，book in hand.
史密斯小姐走进了教室，手里拿着一本书。
比较with的复合结构。
Miss Smith entered the classroom，with a book in her hand.
4．独立主格结构没有所有格形式
The chief?editor arriving，we began the meeting.
主编来了，我们开始开会。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．I send you 100 dollars today，the rest________(follow)in a year.
答案：to follow
2．There________(be)nothing to talk about，everyone in the room remained silent.
答案：being
3．Many people ________(stare)at him，he felt a bit nervous.
答案：staring
语法专练
4．Weather ________(permit)，we are going to visit you tomorrow.
答案：permitting
5．The test________(finish)，we began our holiday.
答案：finished
6．The manager sat quietly in the office，his eyes________(close)．
答案：closed
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Close to the bank，we saw deep pools，the water________(像天空一样蓝)．
答案：blue like the sky
2．He stood there，________________(双手放在口袋里)．
答案：with his hands in his pockets
3．________________(我的手表丢了)，I didn’t know what time it was.
答案：My watch having been lost
4．________________(没有顾客)，they closed the door.
答案：There being no customers
5．Many people joined in the work，________________(一些是妇女和儿童)．
答案：some of them are women and children
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．________by the heavy snowfalls last year，Chenzhou，a city in South China，was cut off from the outside，________water and electricity shortage.
A．Having struck；facing
B．Having struck；faced
C．Struck；facing
D．Struck；faced
解析：选C。本句的主语为Chenzhou。第一空应填过去分词表示被动，第二空填现在分词表结果状语。
2．The teacher walked up and down the classroom________the students’ work.
A．inspected B．inspecting
C．to inspect D．being inspected
解析：选B。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。本题需要一现在分词作伴随状语，表示与主句谓语动作同时发生。所以选B。
3．(2011年高考陕西卷)More highways have been built in China，________ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A．making B．made
C．to make D．having made
解析：选A。句意：在中国已修建更多的公路，这使得人们到处旅游更加容易。本题考查非谓语动词作状语，此处应表示结果，made语态不对，to make一般表示目的，having made应表示发生在谓语动词之前，故选A。
4．The human body is composed of organs，each________a definite job to do.
A．have B．to have
C．has D．having
解析：选D。句子后半部分为独立主格结构“代词＋动词， ing形式＋名词”的用法，表示对主句的补充说明。
5．The weather________so bad，we had to put off the football match.
A．was B．is
C．were D．being
解析：选D。句子前半部分为独立主格结构“名词＋动词， ing形式＋形容词”在句中作原因状语。
6．He was busy writing a story，only
________once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A．to stop B．stopping
C．to have stopped D．having stopped
解析：选B。此题考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意：他在忙于写一个故事，只是偶尔停下来抽支烟。only在这里是连词“只是”。此题学生易误选A。only/just＋不定式用来作状语通常表示出乎意料的结果，而此句很显然不是表结果，而是表伴随。
7．If there’s a lot of work________，I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A．to do B．to be doing
C．done D．doing
解析：选A。本题考查非谓语动词和there be句型。在there be句型中，不定式若作定语，则用主动形式表示被动意义。
8．________to loud noises for a long time will have one’s hearing________.
A．Exposed；harmed
B．Being exposed；harmed
C．Exposing；being harmed
D．Expose；be harmed
解析：选B。本题考查非谓语动词用法。从结构和句意看，第一空所需的是主语，应填动名词且用其被动形式；第二空需考查have sth.done结构，用过去分词表被动。
9．The great changes would never have taken place________ the economic reform in our country.
A．apart from B．but for
C．except D．besides
解析：选B。本题所给选项都有“除……之外”的意思，但意思有细微差别，其中but for还有“要不是”之意。句意：我国要不是实行经济改革，决不会发生巨大的变化。
10．________many times，but he still can’t understand it.
A．Having been told
B．He has been told
C．Though he had been told
D．Being told
解析：选B。在英语中，关键词but连接前后两个分句，所以前一分句只能是一个句子，而不能用分词结构。此题学生易误选A或C。
写作专题突破
【写作要求】
根据本单元的内容，写一篇人物评价，适当加入自己的观点。词数在120左右。
达西是一个英俊的富裕的土地拥有者，在别人的吹捧中长大，对待他人傲慢无礼。他以为有钱财有势力再加模样好就一定能够迅速赢得姑娘的芳心。然而，他错了。平等和尊重是爱情的基础条件。达西遭到伊丽莎白的拒绝是很自然的。
伊丽莎白是一个善良、漂亮、聪明、勇敢的姑娘，对达西的为人和求婚方式非常厌恶，不为财产所动，体现了坚强的性格。
【要点词汇】
1．英俊的________________
答案：handsome
2．成长________________
答案：grow up
3．对待别人________________
答案：treat others
4．赢得某人的爱________________
答案：win one’s love
5．厌恶________________
答案：be tired of
【句型结构】
1．他以为有钱有势力再加上模样好就一定能够赢得姑娘的芳心。
He thought that ________ money，land and looks ________ could make him win a girl’s love.
答案：it was；that
2．伊丽莎白拒绝他是很自然的。
________ was ________________ Elizabeth refused him.
答案：It；natural that
3．她不为财产所动，体现了坚强的性格。
She ________ not ________________ money，which showed her firm character.
答案：was；greedy for
【连句成篇】
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Mr.Darcy was a wealthy and handsome landlord.He grew up with others flattering him.He treated others arrogantly.He thought that it was money，land and looks that could make him win a girl’s love.He showed love to Elizabeth in a rude way.He was sure that she would agree to marry him at once.However，he was wrong.Equality is the base and respect is the first condition for love.It was natural that Elizabeth refused him.
Elizabeth is a kind，beautiful，clever and brave girl.She was tired of Mr.Darcy’s tiresome behavior and the way he showed love.She was not greedy for Mr.Darcy’s money，which showed her firm character.
【类文点津】
写人的英语作文大致可分为两种：人物简介也叫人物说明；人物传记。人物简介属于说明文体；人物传记则属于记叙文体。本单元写作话题是写人物简介，是说明文。因此写作要以说明为主要表达方式。说明应主要包括人物的性别、年龄、家庭背景、受教育状况、工作经历、爱好兴趣等。人物简介都有一定的目的(宣传、求职、推荐、竞选等)并且形式多样(书信、简历、短文等)。
写作步骤：
1．先写人物的出生日期和地点。
2．人物的家庭或社会背景。
3．人物所接受的文化教育程度。
4．人物生活中的主要大事，要按时间来写。
5．个人或社会对该人物的评价。
注意：
介绍说明人物时，要抓住人物的主要特点或事迹来写，不要面面俱到。对能表现人物性格或其突出贡献的事说明要具体。对人物的评价要符合事实，既不能夸大其词，也不要贬低隐瞒。写作要能起到激励或警醒世人的目的。
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谢谢使用(共88张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading－Language Points
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1.Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed the writing of novels by authoresses
你相信从前社会上存在着反对女子写小说的舆论吗？
品味经典
①The two parties have reached a consensus.
这两个政党达成了一致意见。
②The vice President supported the existing consensus.
副总统支持现存的一致意见。
自我探究
consensus n．一致意见，舆论。
归纳拓展
consent n.& vi.同意，赞成
③No one can control you without your consent.
没有你的同意，没有人能控制你。
④One can never consent to creep when one feels an impulse to soar.
当一个人有高飞的冲动的时候，绝不会同意爬着走。
牛刀小试
The government is also undertaking important educational work based on the ________of the members that the best form of conservation is the prevention of damage.
A．consequence B．sense
C．scene D．consensus
解析：选D。句意：政府也正在各方形成共识的基础上开展工作，那就是保留预防破坏这一最佳方式。
2.Clearly this restriction must have operated at a time when there was no equality of opportunity for women.
很显然，这种限制在妇女没有平等权利的时期肯定会起作用的。
品味经典
①Friendship is，at any rate，a relation of perfect equality.
友情无论何时都是一种完全平等的关系。
②Equality before the opportunity，but not everyone has the opportunity.
机会面前人人平等，但不是人人都拥有机会。
自我探究
equality n．平等，相等。
归纳拓展
be on an equality(with)与……平等
equal adj.平等的
be equal to与……相等；胜任
③All men are equal before the law.
法律面前人人平等。
④Let the line AB be equal to the line CD.
设AB等于CD。
Bill and Bob shared the work ________between them.
A．equally B．equal
C．equality D．equaling
解析：选A。句意：比尔和鲍勃两人把工作平分了。equally同等地，相等地。
牛刀小试
3.Perhaps you think that discrimination of this kind was in force a very long time ago because，after all，it is a very old?fashioned idea.
或许你会认为这种类型的歧视只会在很久以前才有影响，因为毕竟这是一种很落伍的想法。
品味经典
The policemen were out in force to prevent rioting.
警察人员有效地出动以防止暴动。
自我探究
in force有效的；在实施中。
归纳拓展
be forced into被迫
bring into force使生效；实施……
by force用暴力；强迫地
by the force of由于；凭借
of no force无效
牛刀小试
用force的相关短语填空
(1)In the history of America，people moved to the west ______________(强行)to open it up.
(2)When will the new regulations______________(实施，生效)
(3)The new agreement will be______________(有效)next month.
答案：(1)by force (2)be put/carried/brought into force (3)in force
4.In a strange contradiction，this period produced five of the most courageous and gifted authoresses.
在一种奇怪的矛盾状况下，这段时期却产生了五位最具勇气和才华的女作家。
品味经典
①That’s a flat contradiction of what you said before.
这可和你以前说的恰恰相反。
②He will permit no contradiction.
他决不允许有异议。
自我探究
contradiction n．矛盾，反驳。
归纳拓展
contradict vt.同……矛盾，同……抵触
in contradiction to反之，与……相反
③Your actions contradict your principles.
你的行为与你的道义相悖。
④His practice is in contradiction to his stated principles.
他干出来的事老是同自己申明的原则相违背。
牛刀小试
单句改错
(1)It is contradiction for you to say you know him but he’s a stranger.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：contradiction前加a
(2)The new policy was produced a lot of millionaires.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：去掉was
5.Those who got round this ban were：Jane Austen，the three Brontё sisters(Charlotte，Emily and Anne)，and the writer known as George Eliot.
绕过对女子写小说的限制的人有：简·奥斯汀、勃朗特三姐妹(夏洛蒂、艾米莉和安妮)，以及人们称之为乔治·艾略特的作家。
品味经典
①A little girl can usually get round her father.
小女孩总能使父亲让步。
②He thinks he is clever and he can get round the tax laws.
他以为他很聪明，能够避免缴税。
自我探究
get round顺利应付；克服；说服某人同意原先反对的事。
归纳拓展
get across 被理解；使人了解
get away with逃避惩罚
get down to开始，着手
get on相处融洽
get out of(使)逃避；避免；摆脱
get through接通(电话)
牛刀小试
I meant to do the ironing this morning but I didn’t________it.
A．get around B．get round to
C．sit around D．got round to
解析：选B。句意：今天早晨我本打算熨衣服，可是我没时间。sit around“闲坐”，get round to sth.“处理，做某事”。
6.She produced six completed novels，all of which deal with the problems and limitations of women’s choices.
品味经典
①Deafness is a serious limitation in this job.
做这个工作耳聋是个严重缺陷。
②Every form of art has its limitations.
每种艺术形式都有本身的局限。
自我探究
limitation n．限制；局限性。
归纳拓展
limit n.界限，限度，限制；v.限制，限定
to the limit到了最大限度
within(one’s)limits在一定限度内
without limit无限的
limited adj.有限的
limitless adj.无限的
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)在市区内车子要开得慢。
Drive slowly________________.
答案：within the city limits
(2)我们必须限制我们的开支。
We must ________________.
答案：limit our spending
7.The three Brontё sisters adopting this practice，Mary Ann Evans did the same and wrote under the name of George Eliot.
勃朗特三姐妹采用了这种做法，玛丽·安·埃文斯也同样与此，她用乔治·艾略特作为笔名进行创作。
品味经典
①He writes under the name of Tom.
他以汤姆为笔名发表作品。
②He cheated me under the name of friendship.
他以友谊为名欺骗了我。
自我探究
under the name of意为用……名字，以……假名。
归纳拓展
by the name of名叫……的
in the name of在……名下
name after以……命名
③Do you know the young actor by the name of Tom Lees
你认识那个名叫汤姆·里斯的年轻演员吗？
④We reserved two tickets in the name of Brown.
我们用布朗的名字定了两张票。
⑤The college is named after George Washington.
该学院以乔治·华盛顿的名字命名。
牛刀小试
My friend，________Johnson，always has a prejudice against the fashion show.Which is wrong
A．named B．by the name of
C．named after D．who is called
解析：选C。本题要求选出“错误”的一项，从句子结构看，此处需要填一个状语成分，name after以……的名字命名；其余选项均意为“名叫……的”。
8.Sceptical reviewers did not see through this deception and gave their approval to their work.
生性多疑的评论家没有看穿这层伪装，而且对她们的作品大加赞赏。
(1)see through
品味经典
①I can see through you；don’t think you can fool me.
我能看透你，别以为你能愚弄我。
②We will see you through the difficulty.
我们会帮助你渡过难关。
③She’s determined to see the job through.
她决心把这项工作干到底。
自我探究
see through看穿；识破；帮助……渡过(困难等)；干到底，干完。
归纳拓展
see through sb./sth.看穿或看透某人/某事物；识破
see sth.through把某任务、事情等进行到底
see sb.through满足某人的需要；帮助或支持某人,与through相关的短语：
go through走过，经历
go through many dangers/the forest/the papers/the drawer经历许多危险/走过森林/阅卷/翻抽屉
pass through从……经过、走过
pass through the village从村中走过
look through浏览；仔细检查
live through活过一段时间；经历
talk through讨论
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)请借光，你挡着我就看不见了！
Move out of the way，please；I can’t ________
________you!
答案：see through
(2)老实说，第三世界人民已经看透你们了！
Frankly speaking，the third world people have already________________you!
答案：seen through
(2)deception
品味经典
①He often practises deception on his relatives.
他经常欺骗他的亲戚。
②Your deception won’t fool us.
你的诡计愚弄不了我们。
自我探究
deception n．欺骗，诡计。
归纳拓展
deceive vt.欺骗
deceive sb./oneself into doing sth.欺骗某人/自己做某事
don’t be deceived别上当受骗
deceive oneself欺骗自己，自欺欺人
牛刀小试
完成句子
(3)他靠欺骗获取了我们的信任。
He obtained our trust________________.
答案：by deception
(4)我欺骗了他，而他发觉了。
________________and he found it out.
答案：I deceived him
(5)你如果还相信她爱你，你就是在欺骗自己。
You are______________if you still believe that she loves you.
答案：deceiving yourself
(3)approval
品味经典
He showed his approval by smiling.
他用微笑表示赞成。
自我探究
approval n．赞成；承认；approval v．赞成，满意，常和of连用。
归纳拓展
give one’s approval to批准
nod one’s approval点头同意
have one’s approval得到某人的赞同
present sth.to sb.for approval把某事提交某人批准without approval of未经……的批准
牛刀小试
完成句子
(6)She eagerly wanted to win her father’s ________
(赞同)．
答案：approval
9.Her novels were revolutionary for the explicit way they described women struggling against their restricted roles in society.
她的小说具有革命性，因为她的小说用鲜明的笔调描述了女性与其受社会限制的角色之间的对抗。
(1)explicit
品味经典
The agreement is explicit in showing the rent must be paid by the tenth of every month.
这份协议清楚地说明了必须在每个月十号付房租。
自我探究
explicit adj.直率的；明确的；清楚的。
牛刀小试
(1)The doctor gave me ________instructions on when and how to take the medicine.
A．vague B．explicit
C．tactile D．acute
答案：B
(2)struggle against
品味经典
We always bolster up the government in its struggle against terrorism.
我们始终支持政府的反恐怖主义的斗争。
自我探究
struggle against意为与……作斗争。
归纳拓展
struggle for为……而斗争
struggle on拼命活下去
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
牛刀小试
(2)Not all are adaptable in the ________of life：some are successful and become the “luckies”，and others fails and are swallowed by it.
A．fight B．struggle
C．war D．movement
解析：选B。句意：并非所有的人在一生的奋斗之中都能生存下来，一些人成功了便成了“幸运儿”，另一些失败了就要被埋没。fight打架，war战
争，movement活动，struggle奋斗，努力。人与人之间是相互竞争的、不断奋斗努力向前的，所以选struggle。
10.Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed.
她的小说探讨了人们在生活中为了取得成功在道德上所作的模糊地退让。
品味经典
①Her account was deliberately ambiguous.
她的陈述故意含混不清。
②His role has always been ambiguous.
他的作用一直不明确。
自我探究
ambiguous adj.模糊的。
归纳拓展
ambiguity n.模棱两可，不明确
③You must understand the ambiguity of my position.
你必须理解我处的位置不明确。
牛刀小试
完成句子
He gave us an ________(模糊的)answer.
答案：ambiguous
11.Among them Charles Dickens(1812～1870)stands out as a literary critic of the injustices of his society.
在这些作家中，查尔斯·狄更斯(1812～1870)作为社会不公正问题文学批评家是最为出众的。
品味经典
①Her work stands out from that of others.
她的工作比其他人的突出。
②The fourth point stands out as being more important than the rest.
第四点比其余各点更为重要。
③She is the sort of person who stands out in a crowd.
她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。
④The lettering stood out well against the dark background.
那种字体在深色背景下十分醒目。
自我探究
stand out意为杰出，出色；显眼，引人注目。
归纳拓展
stand out (from/against sth.)显眼；突出
stand out for sth.坚决要求
stand for代表；主张；支持；容忍；忍受
stand by袖手旁观，无动于衷
⑤The five-star red flag stands out brightly against the blue sky.
五星红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。
⑥They were standing out for higher wages.
他们坚持要增加工资。
⑦What do the letters UN stand for
字母UN代表什么？
⑧We cannot stand by and allow such a thing.
这样的事我们不能袖手旁观。
牛刀小试
(1)She is the sort of person who__________in a crowd.You can recognize her at first sight.
A．stands for B．stands out
C．stands aside D．stands up
解析：选B。句意：她是那种站在人群中特别显眼的人，你一眼就能认出她来。stand out突出，显眼。
(2)The new road sign is easy to read，because the words ________well.
A．read out B．look out
C．figure out D．stand out
解析：选D。read out读出来；look out小心；figure out计算出；stand out显眼，突出。句意：新路标容易辨认，因为上面的字很醒目。
12.Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed the writing of novels by authoresses
你相信从前社会上存在着反对女子写小说的舆论吗？
句型巧析
品味经典
①There used to be a cafe across the road.
在街的对面曾经有过一个咖啡馆。
②There used to be a cinema here，use(d)n’t there
往日此处曾有一影院，是吗？
自我探究
there used to be曾经有过……。
归纳拓展
there used to be...是there be句型的一种变式
类似句型还有：
③There happened to be nobody in the room.
碰巧房间里没有人。
④There are likely to be more difficulties than they have been prepared for.
他们可能会遇到比他们已经预想到的更大的困难。
⑤There seems to be no need to wait longer.
似乎没有必要再等了。
⑥There must be something wrong here.
一定是哪个地方出了故障。
牛刀小试
—We didn’t find the Blacks________the lecture.
—No one had told him about________a lecture the following day.
A．to attend；there to be
B．attending；there being
C．attended；there be
D．attend；there was
解析：选B。第一空动词attend为及物动词，表主动，故attending现在分词为最佳选项；第二空介词about后应使用动名词形式there being。
13.At this time the only respectable career for a woman was to marry，so the dilemma of her heroines’ was also to marry but for love.
那时，女性唯一受到尊重的事业就是嫁人，所以她作品中的女主人公也为无爱情的婚姻所困扰。
品味经典
①My aim is to become a teacher.
我的目标是成为一名老师。
②One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
考察当代社会的大的趋势可以帮助我们对未来做出窥测。
自我探究
不定式作表语多用来表示具体的行为，特别是将来的行为。
归纳拓展
不定式作表语时，在下列情况下可省去to：,①当含do的定语从句或含do的不定式修饰all，all that，the only(first，last)thing，且它们是该句的主语时。②当主语是含do的主语从句时。
③当主语是以动词say作谓语的定语从句所修饰的先行词all时。
③What I want to do now is(to)drink some water.
我现在想做的就是喝点水。
④What I want to do is(to)take a holiday.
我想做的是去度个假。
⑤All they said is(to)hurry up.
他们所说的是“快一点”。
【温馨提示】 不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)To be kind to the enemy is________________(对人民残忍)．
答案：to be cruel to the people
(2)My chief purpose is________________(指出)the difficulties of the matter.
答案：to point out
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